CN101897105A - 水电涡轮机发电机部件 - Google Patents
水电涡轮机发电机部件 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
- H02K7/1823—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
- H02K16/04—Machines with one rotor and two stators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/46—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
- H02K3/47—Air-gap windings, i.e. iron-free windings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2220/00—Application
- F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
- F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/04—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for rectification
- H02K11/049—Rectifiers associated with stationary parts, e.g. stator cores
- H02K11/05—Rectifiers associated with casings, enclosures or brackets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/08—Insulating casings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
- Insulation, Fastening Of Motor, Generator Windings (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)
- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种水电涡轮机发电机部件,其形成用于由潮汐流发电的电磁电路的一部分,该水电涡轮机发电机部件包括容纳在外壳内并通过填充材料固定于该外壳中的线绕线圈或磁体,以例如为线圈或磁体提供结构刚度及撞击保护。
Description
技术领域
本发明总的来说涉及水电涡轮机领域,且更具体地涉及这样的涡轮机:其中,流体流动导致具有设置在大环形壳体内的环形外轮缘(rim)的大螺旋桨型转子的旋转。甚至更具体地,本发明涉及一种水电涡轮机的发电机部件,且尤其涉及形成发电机的主要部件的线圈和磁体。
背景技术
由水电涡轮机、且具体地是开中心式(open-centre)涡轮机带走的动力最方便地通过位于转子的外边缘和定子的内边缘处的轮缘结构的发电机来布置。励磁系统可以使用供有电流的电线圈或一组永磁体来提供驱动磁通量通过磁路所需的磁电原动力(magnetomotive force)。这种布置使得容置转子的定子的中心具有大直径的开放空间。
开中心式、装有轮缘(rim-mounted)的涡轮机的实例可在1997年1月14日公布的美国专利No.5,592,816(且于2003年12月2日以RE 38,336再次公布)、2003年11月18日公布的美国专利No.6,648,589、2004年5月4日公布的美国专利No.6,729,840以及2005年2月10日公开的美国专利申请公开US2005/0031442(序列号No.10/633,865)中看到。用于低水头(潮汐流)条件中的水电涡轮机的实例可在Heuss等的美国专利No.4,421,990、Vauthier的美国专利No.6,168,373和No.6,406,251、Susman等的英国专利申请No.GB2,408,294、以及Davis等的世界知识产权组织国际公开WO03/025385中看到。
因为转子的环形外轮缘接收在定子壳体中的通道内,所以液体运载的碎片可被捕获在通道内。碎片的任何明显堆积都将干扰转子的旋转,并可能导致损坏。
发明内容
因此,本发明提供一种水电涡轮机发电机部件,其包括:发电机元件;外壳,至少部分地环绕元件;以及填充材料,封装元件并将该元件固定在外壳内。
优选地,外壳的横截面大体上是管状的。
优选地,外壳的横截面大体上是盒状的。
优选地,发电机部件包括远离发电机部件的背面延伸的多个突起(tab)。
优选地,发电机元件包括至少一个线线绕圈。
优选地,发电机元件包括彼此交叠的多个线绕线圈。
优选地,至少一个线绕线圈与外壳电绝缘。
优选地,发电机部件包括设置在至少一个线绕线圈与外壳之间的电绝缘材料层。
优选地,发电机部件包括封装在填充材料内、且邻近并电连接至至少一个线绕线圈的电子部件。
优选地,电子部件包括整流器。
优选地,发电机元件包括磁体。
优选地,外壳限定一对端壁。
优选地,外壳由片材折叠而成。
优选地,外壳与填充材料之间设置有粘合剂。
优选地,外壳使得发电机元件在使用中与相邻发电机元件热绝缘。
附图说明
图1示出了包括线绕线圈的水电涡轮机发电机部件的透视图;
图2示出了包括磁体的水电涡轮机发电机部件的透视图。
具体实施方式
现在参照附图的图1,其示出了总体上用10表示的水电涡轮机发电机部件的第一实施方式。发电机部件10包括容纳发电机元件的外壳12,在所示实施方式中,该发电机元件是线绕线圈14的形式。在使用中,多个部件10以环形阵列设置,以限定水电涡轮机发电机(未示出)的电磁电路的一部分。优选地,发电机部件10的阵列设置在定子上,并且越过小水口而面对位于涡轮机的转子(未示出)的外轮缘上的磁体(未示出)的对应阵列。这样,随着转子响应于通过涡轮机的潮汐流而旋转时,磁体的阵列移动经过发电机部件10的固定阵列,从而以已知方式在每个线圈14中产生电流。
外壳12优选地是管状的形式,且更优选地横截面大体上为盒状的,以部分地环绕进而围住线圈14。部件10进一步包括填充材料16,该填充材料填充由外壳12限定的内部空间并封装线圈14的绕组,以将线圈14固定在外壳12内。在所示优选实施方式中,填充材料是填充树脂,但是也可以采用任何其他适合的材料。优选地,填充工序使用真空压力注入来进行,但是也可以采用任何其他适合的方法来施加并固化填充材料16。
发电机部件10在包括线绕线圈14时还优选地设置有为适当的整流器18的形式的电子部件,该整流器也封装在填充材料16中、且邻近线圈14。整流器18电连接至线圈14,并设置有电输出20,该电输出离开填充材料16以适当地连接至水电涡轮机(未示出)的电路(未示出)。虽然图1中仅示出了一个线圈14,但是可以设想,外壳12内可以设置有两个或更多个交叠的线圈,以改善发电机部件10的电性能。在那种情况下,将为每个线圈设置单独的整流器,并且这些整流器也封装在填充材料16中。还将理解,整流器18可以由任何其他的电子部件替代或附有任何其他的电子部件。
发电机部件10包括在使用中面向磁体(未示出)的环形阵列的正面22以及必须适当地固定至涡轮机的定子本体(未示出)的背面24。正面22与背面24之间延伸有一对侧壁26,一对端壁28也是这样,这对端壁在图1中被示出为折向下,但是这对端壁在使用中紧靠树脂16而折起,以封住外壳12的每端。从每个侧壁26、且部分地越过背面24延伸的是相应的唇缘30,该唇缘形成外壳12的一部分。这样,外壳12大体上环绕线圈14,并在正面22上完全盖住线圈14,同时在外壳12中、且在相对的边缘30之间留下开口。此开口除了允许在引入填充材料16之前整流器18适当地定位之外,还允许将线圈14引入外壳12中。外壳12中的开口还允许轻松地将填充材料16均匀地注射到由外壳12限定的整个空间中。因此,外壳12用作环绕线圈14的模壳,以在填充材料16固化时保持该填充材料。一旦固化,则填充材料16和外壳12提供了线圈14的牢固封装,以在水电涡轮机所经历的严酷工作条件下在运行过程中保护该线圈。
当正面22由于面向涡轮机的定子与转子之间的水口而直接暴露于水和其中携带的任何碎片时,外壳12、且具体地是其正面22保护线圈14免受碎片撞击和一般的磨损及撕扯。部件10的背面24抵靠定子的本体而设置,且因此不要求外壳12越过背面延伸。然而,通过设置外壳12的侧壁26,除了一对唇缘30以外,沿着外壳12的任一侧设置一对边缘或折边。外壳12的用于提供盒状的横截面的这种折叠明显增大了外壳12的硬度,且因此提高了完成的部件10的结构完整性。为了易于制造,外壳12优选地由片材形成,最优选地由不锈钢等形成,并折叠成想要的形状。每个端壁28在引入填充物16之前均折起到适当位置。
尽管背面24可以粘结或以其他方式附着于涡轮机的定子本体,但是在所示优选实施方式中,从背面24向后伸出多个突起32。这些突起32优选地设置在部件10的每个角处,并穿过相应的唇缘30,以延伸到由外壳12限定的内部空间中。这样,每个突起32的下端也将封装在填充材料16内,以阻止在使用过程中突起32与外壳12分离。在使用中,这些突起32被捕获(capture)在形成提供磁通量返回路径的定子铁芯的绕线(未示出)内,因此在发电机部件10与定子之间提供更牢固的连接,但是突起32也可以用其他方式固定于定子。
如上所述,外壳12优选地由不锈钢等形成,且因此在所示优选实施方式中,外壳是导电的。因此,优选地通过在线圈14与外壳12之间设置电绝缘片(未示出)而使线圈14与外壳12电绝缘。在制造过程中,将该绝缘片置于外壳12的内侧,此后将线圈14放在该绝缘片上。然后,将填充材料16引入外壳12中以封装线圈14。在特别优选的实施方式中,在引入填充材料16之前,可以在外壳12的内表面上设置粘合剂,以增强填充材料16与外壳12之间的粘附。这将进一步防止在发电机部件10的使用过程中在长时期的浸没过程中,固化的填充材料16与外壳12之间的进水。
在使用过程中,除了外壳12之外,填充材料16也用作线圈14的散热器,从而在由水电涡轮机发电的过程中改进线圈14的电性能。外壳12和填充材料16还为线圈14提供了牢固的且刚性的支撑或容纳,同时外壳12、且具体地是其限定正面22的部分提供了保护以免碎片撞击到线圈上。
在使用中,发电机部件10的圆形阵列布置在水电涡轮机(未示出)的定子上,并且通常与每个相邻部件10边靠边地接触。因此,一个部件10的侧壁26将与相邻部件10的侧壁26对接接合(abuttingengagement)。这样,每个线圈14均通过两个侧壁与相邻线圈隔开,这两个侧壁在线圈14之间提供了明显的热绝缘。如果线圈14的故障导致线圈14的过热及可能的熔化,两个侧壁26将为相邻线圈14提供热绝缘并保护相邻线圈以防止其损坏。
现在参照图2,其示出了总体上用110表示的根据本发明的发电机部件的可替代实施方式。在该可替代实施方式中,相似的部件被赋予相似的参考标号,并执行相似的功能,除非另有说明。发电机部件110包括容纳发电机元件的外壳112,在该第二实施方式中,发电机元件是磁体114的形式。如上所述,水电涡轮机(未示出)包括位于转子(未示出)的外轮缘上的磁体的环形阵列,该环形阵列与位于定子上的线圈相互作用以发电。磁体和线圈在水口两侧彼此面对,且因此在使用过程中都暴露于海水和其中携带的任何碎片。因此,外壳112设置在磁体114周围,以对磁体提供保护,且然后,磁体114封装在树脂(未示出)中,如上所述。因此,外壳112和封装树脂为磁铁114提供撞击/磨损保护以及结构刚度。
而且优选地,外壳112由平的片材折叠成限定正面122、背面124、侧壁126和一对唇缘130的管状形状。然而,应理解的是,外壳112的精确形状可以明显地改变,只要仍提供上述功能。
Claims (15)
1.一种水电涡轮机发电机部件(10;110),包括:发电机元件(14;114);外壳(12;112),至少部分地环绕所述元件(14;114);以及填充材料(16),封装所述元件并将所述元件(14;114)固定在所述外壳(12;112)内。
2.根据权利要求1所述的水电涡轮机发电机部件,其中,所述外壳(12;112)的横截面大体上是管状的。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的水电涡轮机发电机部件,其中,所述外壳(12;112)的横截面大体上是盒状的。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的水电涡轮机发电机部件,包括远离所述发电机部件的背面(24)延伸的多个突起(32)。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的水电涡轮发电机部件,其中,所述发电机元件(14)包括至少一个线绕线圈(14)。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的水电涡轮机发电机部件,其中,所述发电机元件(14)包括彼此交叠的多个线绕线圈。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述的水电涡轮机发电机部件,其中,所述至少一个线绕线圈(14)与所述外壳(12)电绝缘。
8.根据权利要求5至7中任一项所述的水电涡轮机发电机部件,包括设置在所述至少一个线绕线圈(14)与所述外壳(12)之间的电绝缘材料层。
9.根据权利要求5至8中任一项所述的水电涡轮机发电机部件,包括封装在所述填充材料(16)内、且邻近并电连接至所述至少一个线绕线圈(14)的电子部件(18)。
10.根据权利要求9所述的水电涡轮机发电机部件,其中,所述电子部件(18)包括整流器(18)。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的水电涡轮机发电机部件,其中,所述发电机元件(114)包括磁体(114)。
12.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的水电涡轮机发电机部件,其中,所述外壳(12;112)限定一对端壁(28)。
13.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的水电涡轮机发电机部件,其中,所述外壳(12;112)由片材折叠而成。
14.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的水电涡轮机发电机部件,其中,所述外壳(12;112)与所述填充材料(16)之间设置有粘合剂。
15.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的水电涡轮机发电机部件,其中,所述外壳使得所述发电机元件在使用中与相邻发电机元件热绝缘。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP07024067.6 | 2007-12-12 | ||
EP07024067A EP2071709B1 (en) | 2007-12-12 | 2007-12-12 | A hydroelectric turbine generator component |
PCT/EP2008/010616 WO2009074347A1 (en) | 2007-12-12 | 2008-12-12 | A hydroelectric turbine generator component |
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CN101897105A true CN101897105A (zh) | 2010-11-24 |
CN101897105B CN101897105B (zh) | 2013-08-21 |
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CN2008801204155A Expired - Fee Related CN101897105B (zh) | 2007-12-12 | 2008-12-12 | 水电涡轮机发电机部件 |
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US (1) | US20100295388A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2071709B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101897105B (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE480035T1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2709218A1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE602007008924D1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2009074347A1 (zh) |
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EP1879280B1 (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2014-03-05 | OpenHydro Group Limited | A hydroelectric turbine |
EP1878912B1 (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2011-12-21 | OpenHydro Group Limited | Submerged hydroelectric turbines having buoyancy chambers |
EP1878913B1 (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2013-03-13 | OpenHydro Group Limited | Bi-directional tidal flow hydroelectric turbine |
DE602006002883D1 (de) | 2006-07-14 | 2008-11-06 | Openhydro Group Ltd | Turbinen mit einer Rutsche zum Durchfluss von Fremdkörpern |
EP1980746B2 (en) | 2007-04-11 | 2013-08-07 | OpenHydro Group Limited | A method of installing a hydroelectric turbine |
EP2088311B1 (en) | 2008-02-05 | 2015-10-14 | OpenHydro Group Limited | A hydroelectric turbine with floating rotor |
EP2110910A1 (en) | 2008-04-17 | 2009-10-21 | OpenHydro Group Limited | An improved turbine installation method |
ATE556218T1 (de) | 2008-12-18 | 2012-05-15 | Openhydro Ip Ltd | Hydroelektrische turbine mit passiver bremse und verfahren zum betrieb |
ATE481764T1 (de) | 2008-12-19 | 2010-10-15 | Openhydro Ip Ltd | Verfahren zum installieren eines hydroelektrischen turbinengenerators |
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EP2302204A1 (en) | 2009-09-29 | 2011-03-30 | OpenHydro IP Limited | A hydroelectric turbine system |
EP2302755B1 (en) | 2009-09-29 | 2012-11-28 | OpenHydro IP Limited | An electrical power conversion system and method |
EP2302766B1 (en) | 2009-09-29 | 2013-03-13 | OpenHydro IP Limited | A hydroelectric turbine with coil cooling |
EP2403111B1 (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2017-05-17 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Generator, wind turbine, method of assembling a generator and use of a generator in a wind turbine |
EP2450562B1 (en) | 2010-11-09 | 2015-06-24 | Openhydro IP Limited | A hydroelectric turbine recovery system and a method therefore |
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-
2007
- 2007-12-12 DE DE602007008924T patent/DE602007008924D1/de active Active
- 2007-12-12 AT AT07024067T patent/ATE480035T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-12-12 EP EP07024067A patent/EP2071709B1/en not_active Not-in-force
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2008
- 2008-12-12 US US12/746,832 patent/US20100295388A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-12-12 CN CN2008801204155A patent/CN101897105B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-12-12 CA CA2709218A patent/CA2709218A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-12-12 WO PCT/EP2008/010616 patent/WO2009074347A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN101897105B (zh) | 2013-08-21 |
EP2071709B1 (en) | 2010-09-01 |
DE602007008924D1 (de) | 2010-10-14 |
WO2009074347A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 |
CA2709218A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 |
EP2071709A1 (en) | 2009-06-17 |
US20100295388A1 (en) | 2010-11-25 |
ATE480035T1 (de) | 2010-09-15 |
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