CN101896385A - Method and device for controlling a creep mode of a vehicle having a hybrid drive system - Google Patents

Method and device for controlling a creep mode of a vehicle having a hybrid drive system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101896385A
CN101896385A CN2008801202874A CN200880120287A CN101896385A CN 101896385 A CN101896385 A CN 101896385A CN 2008801202874 A CN2008801202874 A CN 2008801202874A CN 200880120287 A CN200880120287 A CN 200880120287A CN 101896385 A CN101896385 A CN 101896385A
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China
Prior art keywords
motor
combustion engine
switchover element
creep
mode
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CN2008801202874A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
J·卡尔滕巴赫
K·博恩特雷格
S·瓦尔纳
C·米特尔贝格尔
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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Publication of CN101896385A publication Critical patent/CN101896385A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/40—Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/02—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/24—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means
    • B60W10/26—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/18009—Propelling the vehicle related to particular drive situations
    • B60W30/18063—Creeping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/184—Preventing damage resulting from overload or excessive wear of the driveline
    • B60W30/1843—Overheating of driveline components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/50—Drive Train control parameters related to clutches
    • B60L2240/507—Operating parameters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/02—Clutches
    • B60W2510/0291—Clutch temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/24—Energy storage means
    • B60W2510/242—Energy storage means for electrical energy
    • B60W2510/244—Charge state
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/02—Clutches
    • B60W2710/025—Clutch slip, i.e. difference between input and output speeds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/184—Preventing damage resulting from overload or excessive wear of the driveline
    • B60W30/1846—Preventing of breakage of drive line components, e.g. parts of the gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/184—Preventing damage resulting from overload or excessive wear of the driveline
    • B60W30/186—Preventing damage resulting from overload or excessive wear of the driveline excessive wear or burn out of friction elements, e.g. clutches
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Clutches, Magnetic Clutches, Fluid Clutches, And Fluid Joints (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for controlling a creep mode of a vehicle having a hybrid drive system (1, 1'), having a parallel hybrid drivetrain (2, 2') comprising an internal combustion engine (3), at least one electrical machine (5), a first switching element (4) designed as a frictional element and disposed between the internal combustion engine (3) and the electrical machine (5), by means of which the internal combustion engine (3) can be connected to the electrical machine (5), a gearbox (7), an output (26), and at least one second switching element (6) designed as a frictional element and disposed between the electrical machine (5) and the output (26), by means of which the electrical machine (5) can be operationally connected to the output (26). In order to allow low-cost, effective long-term creeping that is gentle on the components, and thereby ensures reliable availability of electrical energy for electrical loads of the vehicle, the creep mode is alternately implemented by an internal combustion engine creep mode generated by means of operating at least one switching element (6, 27) in slip, and an electrical motor creep mode at least supported by means of the electrical machine (5).

Description

Be used to control the method and apparatus of the creep operation of automobile with hybrid drive
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of creep operation that has the automobile of hybrid drive according to the method and apparatus as described in the preamble of claim 1 or claim 8 in order to control.
Background technology
In Automobile manufacturing, mix output because it reduces the ability of discharge of poisonous waste and expenditure of energy, and become more and more important.Such automobile has various drive source, wherein particularly the combination of combustion engine and motor has advantage, because it can utilize the efficient range advantage and the power advantage of combustion engine on the one hand, and on the other hand because the application possibility flexibly of motor, it can be used as independent or auxiliary drive source or as starter generator and as the electrical generator that produces electric current and UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN.
The market demands hybrid drive train, it can not have additional structure space needs as far as possible, and simultaneously as far as possible little complexity and low expense expenditure and construction expenditure realize at automobile.This is distinguished basically two kinds of mixed topology structures, i.e. series hybrid and parallel mixing.These settings are known and constantly continue development.
In series hybrid drives according to actuation techniques arranged in succession drive machines.Wherein combustion engine, for example use for diesel engine act on the electrical generator of actuating device, and this electrical generator is powered to a drive motor.Therefore only via electromobile.On the contrary, therefore combustion engine and drive wheel uncoupling and can be constantly a unique operation point, that is under torque of determining and constant rotating speed, turn round.Such drive scheme for example is applicable to the city motor bus in the short distance traffic in city, wherein preferably be adjusted to an operation point, the efficient of combustion engine is that high as far as possible also while discharge of poisonous waste, consumption of fuel and noise development are in the favourable scope when this operation point.Yet produce adverse influence in series hybrid drives, that is, the efficient of actuating device is owing to dynamo-electric multiple conversions is restricted.
Relative therewith, the parallel type hybrid power assembly system by the layout of power assembly system in parallel connection aspect the power stream, also provides to be adjusted to except the stack of drive torque and only utilizes internal combustion engine drive or only utilize motor-driven possibility.On the function in parallel combination drive combustion engine can turn round under the torque in the best as far as possible by corresponding load or by means of the support of one or more motors, thereby can effectively utilize the peak efficiency of combustion engine.Obtain the support of motor by combustion engine, reduce the aviation value of consumption of fuel.Because the addition of driving power is possible during the power requirement that turns round, for example improves in short-term in overtaking process in so-called supercharging, combustion engine can be designed to less under the situation of power that does not lose automobile and traveling comfort and be saving in weight and save the space, and this is emission abatement and cost-cutting additionally.Motor can also play the effect of the starter generator (ISG) of integration, is used for via a clutch start combustion engine.Motor can be used for to electric energy accumulator charging and be used for the UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN of brake operating as generator operation in addition.The Automotive transmission of considering whole forms in principle is as the change-speed box of the transmitting ratio that is used to change actuating device.
In parallel hybrid drive in the driver behavior of reality, according to the corresponding mixed running countermeasure of automobile, through the driving of the combustion engine formula of being everlasting, electrodynamic type drive and the driving that mixes between the drive form of conversion automobile.Usually realize being connected of motor and the conversion of combustion engine in power assembly system via a plurality of power-transfer clutchs.This is distinguished double-clutch setting (2K) and single clutch setting (1K), and wherein motor can be used as starter generator (2K-ISG or the 1K-ISG are provided with) use of integration in two schemes.By US 20050221947A1 in the known 2K-ISG power assembly system, combustion engine can be connected with motor via a first clutch for example.Motor can be connected with an Automotive transmission via an independent second clutch again.One for example by DE 102005051382A1 in the known 1K-ISG power assembly system, the second clutch that separate of opposite cancellation between motor and change-speed box or driven end.Motor then can be directly connected in the input end of change-speed box.The function of the optional second clutch between motor and driven end, as long as this is provided with in the corresponding driving scheme or essential, also can be arranged in change-speed box in-to-in switch clutch (Schaltkupplung) and/or switching drg (Schaltbremse) (it for example uses at automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter) or bear at the torque converter cross-over connection coupler of preceding setting according to the change-speed box actuation techniques in case of necessity by what may exist by one.
Known in addition, in the automobile of change-speed box with automation or automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter, realize a creep mode (Kriechmodus/creepmode) in order to improve driving facility and processing safety.To this by actuating device to driven end or to driven wheel transmission one moment of creeping, it can be transferred to a predetermined eigenwert or a characteristic curve.At a transmission ratio that automobile under such mode of operation is being inserted, do not switch drg and do not handle under the situation of acceleration pedal with very low speed motion.Can the realization time go up limited parking function by means of creep mode on the slope.
Creep mode can be realized in power assembly system and controls by different modes according to drive scheme.In the automobile of the sealed starting clutch of traditional change-speed box with automation and friction automatically, the realization of creep mode can green phase should be controlled starting clutch and finish.In other traditional automobile, determine by the no load speed of combustion engine basically via the moment of creeping that tor-con produces with automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter and turbine transformer.In hybrid power or electronlmobil,, also can use the existing power actuating device and be used to produce creep mode as substituting of traditional friction clutch or turbine transformer.
The creep mode of such electric power with have friction clutch (its for transmit creep moment and in the middle operation of skidding) power assembly system compare and have such advantage in principle, when power is transmitted, produce less mechanical wear.And eliminate a power-transfer clutch risk of overheating.Therefore in a hybrid vehicle with the combustion engine of the disengaging power assembly system of no-load running the time the creeping of an electric power by means of motor be conspicuous.
But debatablely be to this proof, the electricity of hybrid vehicle drives the operation in the short period of time emptying of energy storage by motor, so that must stop or interrupting the electric power creep mode, so that in the power generation mode of motor to energy storage charging, so in temporary transient motor not or the driving of steam supply car limitedly use.Therefore electric power continue to creep in the combination drive automobile more definite say so little favourable.May produce high loss power via the power-transfer clutch that skids on the other hand in continuing to creep, it requires a corresponding structure size, and this comprises the structure space needs and the additional weight of increase and expends bigger cooling provision.
By the known a kind of actuating device that is used for an electronic or combination drive automobile of DE 10158536B4, wherein the actuating unit via electric power realizes creep mode (Kriechbetrieb).One clutch equipment is set between motor and driven end in the power assembly system of automobile.This clutch equipment can for example be the torque converter bridging clutch that constitutes friction clutch, and it is arranged on before the automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter.Alternatively, one or more switch clutchs of automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter and/or switching drg also can play the effect of said clutch equipment.For reduce motor in creep mode when the high torque request thermal load of (for example when automobile is creeped on the slope or stopped or when crossing the kerb edge) and avoid the bigger size of motor and/or clutch equipment simultaneously, can in the motor operation, make the power-transfer clutch of the clutch equipment after being arranged on motor be in when needed and skid.If clutch equipment has a plurality of power-transfer clutchs, then they also can be alternately or addition ground be in the operation of skidding.If but motor has the winding of two excitations of separating, then constantly blocked operation they.Avoid clutch equipment and motor when the high driving torque during in very low speed or the thermal load when the high lasting parking moment by the combination of these means or measure.
To this disadvantageously, motor when continuing to creep in long time gap electric operation constantly.Though but the clutch equipment that motor can be by transmission side and/or supported by the winding of a plurality of excitations that can alternately control, the stronger demand that the electricity of motor is driven energy storage still may significantly limit so lasting creep mode.The motor that has a plurality of windings that separate in addition may be that cost is higher.When continuing to creep, abandon combustion engine poor efficiency more precisely in this external hybrid drive fully.
Summary of the invention
Under this background, the objective of the invention is to; the method and apparatus of creep operation that has the automobile of hybrid drive in order to control is provided, they can realize low actv. of cost and protection member continue to creep and guarantee simultaneously reliably provide electric energy for the customer of automobile.
By each independently the feature of claim reach this purpose, and can learn favourable form of implementation of the present invention and further constitute by each dependent claims.
The present invention is based on such opinion; promptly in hybrid vehicle combustion engine formula creep mode by alternately (it produces by the skid friction clutch or the friction brake of operation of providing between motor and driven end) and electrodynamic type creep mode (it is via the suitable control generation to motor; each friction element can cool off during this period); can realize the actv. of automobile and protection member continue creep, and can not exist make each power-transfer clutch on the one hand and in addition on the one hand electricity drive energy storage and motor overload or be subjected to the danger of excessive load.
The present invention is from the method for the creep operation that is used to control the automobile with hybrid drive in view of the above, this hybrid drive comprises the parallel type hybrid power assembly system, this parallel type hybrid power assembly system comprises: a combustion engine, at least one motor, one is arranged on first switchover element that constitutes friction element between combustion engine and the motor, one change-speed box, one driven end and at least one are arranged on second switchover element that constitutes friction element between motor and the driven end, and combustion engine can be connected with motor and motor can effectively be connected with driven end by means of second switchover element by means of first switchover element.
In order to reach the purpose of proposition, the present invention sets, and creep mode alternately is in combustion engine formula creep mode that the switchover element of the operation of skidding produces and reaches by means of the supported at least electrodynamic type creep mode of motor by means of at least one by one.
So-called creep operation with automobile of combustion engine and change-speed box is construed as, automobile advances or is temporarily stopped with like this little moving velocity when inserting a transmitting ratio and not handling acceleration pedal, makes rotating speed along with combustion engine drop under the racing speed and appears at combustion engine and be connected with force closure between the driven end.
So-called friction element should be understood that the switchover element with at least two friction mating members that the friction of power transmission is sealed, it is sealed wherein to set up friction when the switchover element full engagement, and when skidding, between pri and secondary friction mating member, have speed discrepancy, wherein friction energy is converted into heat.
Also reach the purpose of proposition by a kind of device that is used to implement the method.
The present invention is also from a kind of device that is used for the creep operation of Control of Automobile in view of the above, this automobile comprises hybrid drive, this hybrid drive comprises the parallel type hybrid power assembly system, this parallel type hybrid power assembly system comprises: a combustion engine, at least one motor, one first switchover element that constitutes friction element that between combustion engine and motor, is provided with, one change-speed box, second switchover element that constitutes friction element that one driven end and at least one are provided with between motor and driven end, combustion engine can be connected with motor and motor can effectively be connected with driven end by means of second switchover element by means of first switchover element.Have control setup in addition, by means of described control setup, creep mode can alternately be in to skid by means of at least one switchover element of control to be realized in the mode that obtains electronic support at least in the combustion engine mode with by means of the control motor.
Second switchover element can constitute at the exterior friction clutch that is provided with between motor and change-speed box of change-speed box.Also can set, second switchover element and other optional switchover element that uses for creep mode constitute and are positioned at the sealed switch clutch of change-speed box in-to-in friction and/or switch drg.
The skid operation and the creep mode of electric power that replace by each friction element, each friction element is subjected to less load, because they always can cool off in friction is sealed during this period again, thereby be adjusted to the aviation value of lower permanent failure-free clutch temp, it can realize we can say unrestricted in time creeping.Impermanent in addition emptying electric energy accumulator is because motor only temporarily is used for creep mode as actuating device and can charges to energy storage at power generation mode during this period.Has higher efficient in principle because compare with the pure combustion engine formula creep mode that utilizes the power-transfer clutch that skids to reach by means of creeping of motor, so compare with the creep mode of the clutch fading work that utilizes perennity, produce less loss power generally.This is especially true when creeping automobile that moment stops or that almost stop, because potential here clutch fading is king-sized.
According to of the present invention one preferred form of implementation, automobile continue creep in cycle alternation ground in one first method step, when first switchover element is closed, motor move in power generation mode via combustion engine and to major general's second switchover element in the middle operation of skidding, and in one second method step the switchover element between motor and driven end non-slip up to the operation of major general's motor powered ground with the formation creep mode.
In view of the above, under the simplest situation creep mode alternately via the operation of skidding of second switchover element (first switchover element is closed simultaneously) with via motor (second switchover element be closed and first switchover element is opened) simultaneously realization.To this second switchover element can be that to be positioned at change-speed box exterior or be positioned at change-speed box in-to-in friction clutch or switch drg according to power assembly system configuration.
Still can prolong the stage of first method step for unloading owing to second switchover element, can set, the 3rd switchover element that is provided with between motor and driven end that at least one is other and second switchover element jointly are in alternately or with second switchover element and skid.In view of the above also can be dynamically in the crawling process of combustion engine formula from second clutch be transformed into other on the three-clutch or drg that are provided with between motor and the driven end.In principle can be at exterior second switchover element of change-speed box and between change-speed box in-to-in the 3rd switchover element or changing at change-speed box in-to-in second switchover element and between change-speed box in-to-in the 3rd switchover element.Also possible, the second and the 3rd switchover element jointly in the middle operation of skidding, or even is participated more than two switchover elements that are provided with between motor and driven end.Conclusive in this set or its operating mode is at least temporarily can realize creep mode under the situation of acceptable switchover element thermal load via each corresponding switchover element.
Motor powered ground operation in second method step, and, wherein between motor and driven end, do not have the switchover element that skids by means of the regulation and control that are fit to realization creep mode for motor.In this stage, when first switchover element is opened that is when throwing off combustion engine, realizing pure DYN dynamic creeping under the simplest situation in view of the above.Second switchover element between motor and driven end and may other switchover element can be in this cooling in stage.
In order also advantageously to prolong this stage, in can except the electrodynamic type operation of motor, the switchover element of winning being in to skid.Therefore combustion engine can be moment of creeping of creep mode contribution of electric power via the power-transfer clutch of internal combustion engine side, and motor only must apply less torque and therefore take less electric energy away from energy storage thus.Certainly should consider the load limit of power-transfer clutch to this, thereby it is overheated to stop power-transfer clutch.
Can also set, in when preferential power demand, motor being moved under power generation mode and the switchover element of winning being in skid.
Though in principle aspect efficient and watt loss disadvantageously, the power-transfer clutch that skids when moving under power generation mode, motor make the power-transfer clutch of internal combustion engine side in the middle operation of skidding simultaneously, because must transmit whole creep moment and the additional charging moment (Lademoment) that needs in this case.Yet when unusual operating mode takes place, wherein exist in automobile the pressing for of electric energy, for example because unexpected onboard power system requirement meets purpose and provides such possibility, promptly motor moves under power generation mode when first friction clutch skids.Because of can guaranteeing at any time, and continue under at the same time the generator operation situation of continuing to creep when also can between motor and driven end, not have the power-transfer clutch that skids to onboard power system power supply.
Between two method steps that is the combustion engine formula and the electrodynamic type creep mode between conversion advantageously realize relatively with the charge condition of electric energy accumulator.In view of the above, when the charge condition of energy storage drops to a following charge condition boundary value, can regulate and control, and can regulate and control to the electrodynamic type creep mode when going up the charge condition boundary value when the charge condition of energy storage is raised to one to combustion engine formula creep mode.Also can stipulate different conversion rhythm in principle, for example pass through time meter.Also can consider replace continue to creep the time other working parameter, the maximum permissible value of for example monitored clutch temp.
Therefore can access the always operational electric energy of higher level by the combustion engine formula that replaces on the one hand with the electrodynamic type creep mode; wherein guarantee the least energy deposit, and reach on the other hand hybrid vehicle continue to creep time protection power-transfer clutch, be in the operation of skidding in the clutch temp scope of permission all the time.
Description of drawings
For the accompanying drawing of additional each embodiment of description of the present invention is described.Wherein:
The scheme drawing of the hybrid drive of Fig. 1 automobile in order to implement according to the method that is used to control creep mode of the present invention, comprise to be positioned at exterior second switchover element of change-speed box and
The scheme drawing of the hybrid drive of Fig. 2 automobile is positioned at exterior second switchover element of change-speed box and is positioned at change-speed box in-to-in the 3rd switchover element in order to implement one according to the method that is used to control creep mode of the present invention, to comprise.
The specific embodiment
The scheme drawing that comprises the automobile hybrid drive 1 of parallel type hybrid power assembly system 2 in view of the above shown in Fig. 1 for example can be provided for commercial car (autotruck, city motor bus, special-use vehicle) as it.Power assembly system 2 has a for example diesel engine of a combustion engine 3, and it has a bent axle 24, and this bent axle can be connected with a motor 5 via first switchover element 4 that constitutes friction clutch.Motor 5 can be connected with a change-speed box 7 via second switchover element 6 that constitutes friction clutch again.Second switchover element 6 is arranged on before the change-speed box 7 according to actuation techniques.As representing among Fig. 1, an auxiliary output gear that is not described in more detail 8 (PTO:Power-takeoff) is set in change-speed box 7 back in addition.The corresponding output torque of hybrid drive 1 can be passed to an axle drive shaft 10 and pass to each drive wheel 11 via a driven end 26 and a differential attachment 9 via this axle drive shaft 10.
Motor 5 can be according to mode of operation as electric driver or as generator operation.Motor 5 is connected in a frequency converter 12 for this reason, and it can be handled by a frequency changer controller 13.Motor 5 drives energy storage 14, for example 340V high tension battery (ultracapacitor also is possible) via a frequency converter 12 and an electricity.Motor 5 is by energy storage 14 power supplies when electric operation.In power generation mode, that is when driving by means of combustion engine 3 and/or in the UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN pattern, energy storage 14 is by motor 5 chargings.Motor 5 plays the effect of the starter generator in order to cranking internal combustion engine 3 (ISG) of integration in addition.
The high voltage circuit of energy storage 14 or thereon the bonded assembly control setup be connected in an onboard power system (24V or 12V) 16 via a beidirectional umformer (DC/DC) 15.Energy storage 14 can and be regulated its charge condition (SOC: charge condition) via a battery management system (BMS) 17 monitoring.Can handle umformer 15 by a umformer control setup 18.The braking regulatory function that one control setup 19 is used for not being described in more detail is set in addition, particularly antiblock device (ABS) or electric brake system (EBS), and the diesel oil that another control setup is used for the electronics of the exemplary combustion engine 3 that constitutes diesel engine is set regulates (EDC).Described each control setup also can be incorporated in the control setup at least in part.
One control setup of integrating 21 is set in addition, merges a derailleur control device (TCU:Transmission Control Unit), a mixed control apparatus (HCU:HybridControl Unit) and various manipulation function therein.For control setup 21 disposes the control setup 25 that constitutes control unit, be used for operational switchover element 4,6 is regulated and control to slipping state, they also can be incorporated in the control setup 21.Control setup 25 constitutes makes itself and control setup 21 (it also regulates the operation of motor 5) co-operating when the adjusting creep mode.In order to control and change the possible drive pattern of hybrid drive 1, the countermeasure unit 22 that also has the center, it advantageously exchanges with 19 via a data bus 23 (for example CAN) and control setup 21 and control unit 25 and other relevant control setup 13,17,18.
Power assembly system 2 shown in Fig. 1 constitutes the 2K-ISG system, that is be equipped with one and separate or starting clutch is used for being coupled to combustion engine 3 on the power assembly system 2 as switchover element 4 and is used for and being connected of motor 5, and be provided in the second independent switchover element 6 between motor 5 and the change-speed box 7.The function of second switchover element 6 also can substitute by unshowned one or more switch clutchs and/or the switching drg that is positioned at change-speed box in-to-in clutch element, for example automatic transmission with hydraulic torque converter (Stufenautomate) among Fig. 1.
And Fig. 2 illustrate hybrid drive 1 ' the 2K-ISG system, it comprise a power assembly system 2 ', it has one and additional be positioned at change-speed box in-to-in the 3rd switchover element 27, the three switchover elements and can alternately or with second switchover element 6 use to realize creep mode with second switchover element 6.Alternatively, second switchover element 6 and the 3rd switchover element 27 boths can be arranged on change-speed box inside.
One according to combustion engine formula creep mode and the electrodynamic type creep mode of the method for utilizing hybrid drive 1 or 1 ' enforcement of the present invention based on the cycle alternation that divides two steps, that is based on by means of one or more friction elements 6,27 and by means of a motor 5 replace continue creep.
First friction clutch 4 is closed in first method step of combustion engine mode, and combustion engine 3 and motor 5 frictions interconnect sealedly in view of the above.Second switchover element 6 is in the operation of skidding, thereby produces the satisfactory moment of creeping via change-speed box 7 with a transmitting ratio of inserting on driven end 26.Motor 5 also passes through combustion engine 3 as generator operation simultaneously, gives energy storage 14 chargings whereby.Therefore combustion engine 3 not only is provided for driving the power of automobile but also provides energy via motor 5 to energy storage 14 via second friction clutch 6 that skids in the method step of creeping of combustion engine mode.
Unloading for second friction clutch 6, particularly in order to keep lower average clutch temp and/or extra high charge condition (in case of necessity up to being full of fully) in order in this stage, to reach energy storage 14, operate in skidding in the process of first method step and be transformed into (Fig. 2 on the 3rd friction element 27, be positioned at change-speed box in-to-in friction clutch or friction brake), this moment second switchover element 6 be full engagement and creep mode via the corresponding manipulation to the 3rd switchover element 27 obtain the continuity.
If reach the predetermined charge condition of energy storage 14 or reach the switchover element 6 used and/or the temperature of 27 maximum permission between motor 5 and driven end 26, then creep mode is transformed into DYN dynamic second method step.During any of two switchover elements 6,27 between motor 5 and driven end 26 is not in and skids simultaneously, thereby these switchover elements the 6, the 27th are closed.First switchover element 4 is opened simultaneously, thus combustion engine 3 and power assembly system 2 or 2 ' uncoupling.Therefore only by the corresponding manipulation of motor 5 move with a creep mode, this moment, energy storage 14 exhausted automobile, and second switchover element 6 and may cooling off by the 3rd switchover element 27.If reach the following charge condition of energy storage 14, then creep mode is transformed into first method step of combustion engine formula again and so continues.
In order to delay the discharge of energy storage 14, that is in order to prolong this discharge regime, first friction clutch 4 can be considered at the same time to be under the situation of clutch temp of permission and skid via combustion engine 3, thereby power-transfer clutch 4 is less for the satisfactory consumption of creeping torque of moment contribution and electric energy on driven end 26.If unexpected pressing for occur, then can skid and motor 5 also be switched to power generation mode at 4 o'clock at first clutch to electric energy for onboard power system power supply.
List of numerals
1,1 ' hybrid drive
2,2 ' power assembly system
3 internal combustion engines
4 first switchover elements
5 motors
6 second switchover elements
7 change-speed boxs
8 auxiliary output gears
9 differential attachments
12 frequency converters
13 frequency changer controllers
14 electricity drive energy storage
15 umformers
16 onboard power systems
17 battery management systems
18 control device for transformer
The braking force control system of 19 electronics
The diesel oil control apparatus of 20 electronics
21 control setups
22 operation countermeasure unit
24 bent axles
25 control setups
26 driven ends
27 the 3rd switchover elements
The ABS antiblock device
The BMS battery management system
DC/DC umformer (direct current)
The brake system of EBS electronics (electric brake system)
The diesel oil of EDC electronics is regulated (electronic diesel control)
HCU mixed control apparatus (mixed control apparatus)
TCU derailleur control device (derailleur control device)
PTO auxiliary output gear (power take off)

Claims (10)

1. the method that is used for the creep operation of Control of Automobile, this automobile comprises hybrid drive (1,1 '), this hybrid drive comprises parallel type hybrid power assembly system (2,2 '), this parallel type hybrid power assembly system comprises: a combustion engine (3), at least one motor (5), one first switchover element (4) that constitutes friction element that between combustion engine (3) and motor (5), is provided with, one change-speed box (7), second switchover element (6) that constitutes friction element that one driven end (26) and at least one are provided with between motor (5) and driven end (26), combustion engine (3) can be connected with motor (5) and motor (5) can effectively be connected with driven end (26) by means of second switchover element by means of first switchover element; It is characterized in that the combustion engine formula creep mode that creep mode alternately produces by the switchover element (6,27) that is in the operation of skidding by means of at least one and reach by means of the supported at least electrodynamic type creep mode of motor (5).
2. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, automobile continue to creep the time cycle alternation ground in a first step, when first switchover element (4) is closed, motor (5) moved in power generation mode via combustion engine (3) and to major general's second switchover element (6) in the middle operation of skidding, and in one second step, under the non-slip situation of the switchover element (6) between motor (5) and the driven end (26), move electrically to form creep mode to major general's motor (5).
3. in accordance with the method for claim 2, it is characterized in that, in first step with at least one other the 3rd switchover element (27) that between motor (5) and driven end (26), is provided with and second switchover element (6) alternately or jointly in the middle operation of skidding.
4. according to claim 2 or 3 described methods, it is characterized in that, in second step, except the electric operation of motor (5), also make the switchover element of winning (4) in the middle operation of skidding.
5. according to one of claim 2 to 4 described method, it is characterized in that, when the preecedence requirement electric energy, make motor (5) under power generation mode, move and make the switchover element of winning (4) simultaneously in the middle operation of skidding.
6. according to one of claim 1 to 5 described method, it is characterized in that, be implemented in conversion between combustion engine formula creep mode and the electrodynamic type creep mode according to the charge condition of an electric energy accumulator (14).
7. in accordance with the method for claim 6, it is characterized in that, when the charge condition of energy storage (14) drops to a following boundary value, be adjusted to combustion engine formula creep mode, and be raised to one when going up boundary value when the charge condition of energy storage (14), be adjusted to the electrodynamic type creep mode.
8. the device that is used for the creep operation of Control of Automobile, this automobile comprises hybrid drive (1,1 '), this hybrid drive comprises parallel type hybrid power assembly system (2,2 '), this parallel type hybrid power assembly system comprises: a combustion engine (3), at least one motor (5), one first switchover element (4) that constitutes friction element that between combustion engine (3) and motor (5), is provided with, one change-speed box (7), second switchover element (6) that constitutes friction element that one driven end (26) and at least one are provided with between motor (5) and driven end (26), combustion engine (3) can be connected with motor (5) and motor (5) can effectively be connected with driven end (26) by means of second switchover element by means of first switchover element; It is characterized in that, there is control setup (21,25), by means of described control setup, creep mode can alternately be in to skid by means of at least one switchover element of control (6,27) to be realized in the mode that obtains electronic support at least in the combustion engine mode with by means of control motor (5).
9. according to the described device of claim 8, it is characterized in that second switchover element (6) constitutes and be positioned at change-speed box friction clutch exterior, that be provided with between motor (5) and change-speed box (7).
10. according to the described device of claim 8, it is characterized in that second switchover element and the switchover element (27) that optionally uses for creep mode constitute and be positioned at the sealed switch clutch of change-speed box in-to-in friction and/or switch drg.
CN2008801202874A 2007-12-13 2008-12-02 Method and device for controlling a creep mode of a vehicle having a hybrid drive system Pending CN101896385A (en)

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DE102007055787A DE102007055787A1 (en) 2007-12-13 2007-12-13 Method and device for controlling a creeping operation of a vehicle with a hybrid drive
PCT/EP2008/066577 WO2009074480A1 (en) 2007-12-13 2008-12-02 Method and device for controlling a creep mode of a vehicle having a hybrid drive system

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EP (1) EP2217479B1 (en)
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US20110039655A1 (en) 2011-02-17
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DE102007055787A1 (en) 2009-06-18
WO2009074480A1 (en) 2009-06-18
EP2217479B1 (en) 2012-10-03
JP2011507746A (en) 2011-03-10

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Application publication date: 20101124