CN101893342B - Slip casting ceramic solar panel having inlet and outlet connectors - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of solar application, in particular relates to a ceramic solar panel manufactured by a ceramic slurry slip casting method and a production process thereof. The ceramic solar panel and the production process make full use of the conventional production equipment and production capacity of large-scale ceramic sanitary ware industries in China to manufacture a complete thin-wall ceramic solar panel with a pipe interface by one-step molding. A substrate is a hollow ceramic panel manufactured by the ceramic slurry slip casting method. A sunshine absorbing surface is made of vanadium-titanium black porcelain, traditional black porcelain or solar absorbing coatings. The ceramic solar panel has the characteristics of low production cost, long service life, through-hole flat cartridge structure, very high heat-collecting efficiency, and application in a solar water heater, a solar roof, a solar southwall surface and a large-scale solar heat collecting field to provide hot water and hot wind for washing, heating in winter and air-conditioning in summer; and moreover, a large amount of cheap high-temperature hot water can be used for low-cost power generation to substitute for the conventional energy and protect resources and environment.

Description

Injection forming has the ceramic solar plate of inlet and outlet connectors

The present invention is dividing an application of " composite ceramic solar panel shaped by ceramic slip casting ", February 16 2009 applying date of original application, application number 200910014222.8, invention and created name " composite ceramic solar panel shaped by ceramic slip casting ".The specification of dividing an application, Figure of description, summary, Figure of abstract are the same with the original application content.

Technical field

The present invention relates to the solar energy heating body; The ceramic solar energy heat-collection body; The ceramic that is particularly related to the manufacturing of ceramic mud filling forming method is a matrix, is the composite ceramic solar ability heat collection body and the production technology thereof of sunlight absorbing layer with black porcelain or solar energy absorbing paint.

Background technology

The solar energy utilization comprises solar photovoltaic utilization and solar thermal utilization; Solar photovoltaic utilization mainly refers to solar cell; Solar thermal utilization mainly refers to concentration solar generating device and solar thermal collector, and most widely used solar thermal collector is a solar water heater, and critical component is the solar energy heating body.China mainly adopts vacuum glass tube solar heat-collecting body, sees Figure 11, and states such as Europe, U.S.A, day, Australia mainly adopt copper pipe plate-type solar heat collection body, see Figure 10.

Solar energy is the face energy, and all verified most effective solar energy heating body of theory and practice is the flat box type solar energy heating body of through hole that metal material is made, and sees Fig. 9; In this heat collection body, be covered with medium to be heated below the sunlight absorbing surface, heat exchange is the most directly, rapidly; Heat conduction distance is the shortest, but the metal material that can bear hot-water corrosion at present for a long time is a copper material, and this structure need be used a large amount of copper materials; Copper material is very expensive, and weld seam is very long, and manufacturing process is complicated; Manufacturing cost is very high, is difficult to large-scale production and use.

The major defect of glass tube with vacuum is: glass tube with vacuum is made up of outer glass pipe in coaxial, and end sealing vacuumizes between the inner and outer pipes, and outer tube is transparent, and inner tube outer surface covers solar energy absorbing paint.Owing to must adopt vacuum layer, sealing ring, dust ring, tail holder; It is about 60% to make black sunlight absorbing surface only account for the daylighting projected area, and during noon sunlight direct projection, part sunlight passes the neutral gear between the black side; Do not obtain utilizing, reduced collecting efficiency in the period at noon that sunlight is the strongest; Vacuum in use constantly descends, and reduces heat insulation effect; The blind pipe structure of a sealing precipitates the impurity in scale and the water easily, reduces heat exchange area; The sunlight absorption rate of solar energy absorbing paint decays easily, and this is the drawback of present solar water heater solar energy absorbing paint; Glass tube is used the Pyrex manufacturing, 1650 ℃ of glass melting temperatures, and it is high to make energy consumption, and the boron oxide price is high; These shortcomings cause glass tube with vacuum manufacturing cost, energy consuming ratio higher, and the life-span is shorter, general Acceptable life 8-15.

The major defect of copper pipe plate-type solar heat collection body is: the sunlight absorption rate of solar energy absorbing paint decays easily; Copper material is very expensive, needs electrorefining, and manufacturing cost, power consumption are very high; Thermal-arrest copper pipe lateral separation is big, and the heat conduction distance influences efficient; Weld seam corrodes easily; General Acceptable life 10-25.

Solar thermal collector can provide hot water, hot blast; Hot water, hot blast can be used for washing, warming, summer air-conditioning; With reference to the mode of geothermal water generating, a large amount of cheap high-temperature-hot-waters can also carry out the low cost generating in addition, replace conventional energy resource, protection environment.But existing solar thermal collector manufacturing cost is high, Acceptable life is short; Make the use cost of solar energy be higher than conventional energy resource far away; Seriously restricted the development of solar thermal collector, solar thermal collector must be realized and architecture-integral, could obtain bigger development space; Existing solar thermal collector receives the material of its solar energy heating body and the restriction of structure, is difficult to realize and architecture-integral.The core component of solar thermal collector is the solar energy heating body, for this reason, must study and seek a kind of brand-new low cost, long-life, high efficiency solar energy heating body.

One ton of Pyrex or metal material, the thousands of units of cost to tens thousand of units, material becomes goods also need pass through complicated process.One ton of ceramic is generally this hundreds of units like one ton of ceramic wall and floor bricks, and ceramic material is with low cost to be because raw material sources are extensive, generally gathers materials on the spot, and freight charges are low; Reserves are big, and price is low; Do not need ore dressing, enrichment; Once sintered after the moulding, be goods; Shrink to some extent during sintering, but do not change shape, do not have process behind the sintering; Sintering temperature is low, the time is short, and about 1200 ℃ of general thin-walled ceramic sintering temperature is lasted a few minutes to tens minute; And founding or the smelting of metal material of glass, lasts several hours by typical temperature 1500-1650 ℃; Processes such as raw material must be through fusing, flow, homogenizing, reaction, clarification, in general, 100 ℃ of the every raisings of temperature; Energy consumption increases by 1 times, and the price of equipment and refractory material, consumption simultaneously also significantly improves, and the energy consumption of electrolysis is farther greater than smelting.So, ceramic post sintering and glass found or smelting, the electrolysis of metal material have essential distinction, energy consumption and cost all differ several times to tens times.Pottery is one of at present known engineering material that cost is minimum, service life is the longest, performance is the most stable.

Ceramic material intensity is big, hardness is high, burn into is not aging, physicochemical property is highly stable, and service life is very long, can reach more than hundreds of years.The black porcelain material has the ceramic general character, and sunlight absorption rate is high, and sunlight absorption rate can not decay.Black porcelain comprises black porcelain of the tradition made from conventional black ceramic colorant and conventional ceramic raw material and vanadium-titanium black ceramic, and vanadium-titanium black ceramic is a primary raw material manufacturing with trade waste-tailings in vanadium extraction, and cost is more cheap.

Vanadium-titanium black ceramic is meant: vanadium titano-magnetite obtains molten iron and vanadium slag through melting, vanadium extraction after the vanadium slag roasting, and the waste after the vanadium extraction is tailings in vanadium extraction, is that the black ceramic that one of whole raw materials or raw material are made is called vanadium-titanium black ceramic with tailings in vanadium extraction.

China has the hugest in the world traditional ceramics industry, mainly adopts three kinds of forming methods:

1, ceramic mud filling forming method; Usually the method that adopts ball milling or dry powder to add the water making beating is made ceramic mud, and mud water content 30-40% generally uses gypsum mold injection forming, the moulding of mould of plastics high-pressure slip-casting, vacuum and centrifugal grouting moulding; Also adopt silicon nitride or alumina die; Ceramic mud injection forming mould all adopts porous material, is called porous mold, and the major product of ceramic mud filling forming method is a china sanitary ware.

2, ceramic material plastic forming method, to ceramic material apply crowded, scrape, pressure makes it form certain shape, pug water content 16-22%, major product is a domestic ceramics.

3, ceramic powder press-formed method usually adopts spraying to make powder or material piece and beats the method for powder and make ceramic powder, and powder water content 4-8% uses punching block compression moulding, and major product is a ceramic wall and floor bricks.

In above-mentioned three kinds of forming methods, mainly production flat panel products of briquetting process, product that mainly production shape of plastic forming method is fairly simple or uiform section product; And the characteristics of filling forming method are: adopt the method for porous mold to mud suction formation moulded pottery not yet put in a kiln to bake, can make complex-shaped and the large thin-wall product, adaptability is strong; The forming technique easy master, production cost is low, and blank structure is even; Biscuit intensity is big, is fit to very much make ceramic solar plate.Filling forming method is also referred to as casting forming method.

China's china sanitary ware scope of the enterprise is big, production cost is low, steady quality, not only supplies domestic demands and also sells in a large number all over the world, and current production rate accounts for Gross World Product more than 30%.Because number of the enterprise is many, product homogeneity is serious, Market competition, and a lot of enterprises are striving to find for a long time always and can be fit to existing equipment, existing production capacity, large new product that demand is big.

Summary of the invention

The existing equipment and the production capacity that the objective of the invention is to make full use of the huge china sanitary ware industry of China are made a kind of ceramic solar energy heat-collection plate; Its matrix is the hollow ceramic plate that is had interface by the ceramic mud injection forming, and the superficial layer of its sunny slope is black porcelain of vanadium-titanium black ceramic, tradition or solar energy absorbing paint.The production of this ceramic solar energy heat-collection plate can not change the manufacturing enterprise's current production devices and the technological process of production fully, and only needing increases the new die that part is fit to ceramic solar energy heat-collection plate shape, can put into production.It is a kind of solar energy heating body that said ceramic solar energy heat-collection plate is called for short ceramic solar plate, can be used for solar thermal collector, solar water heater, can be combined as a whole with building, constitutes solar energy roof, solar-energy wall, has extensive use.

The present invention is achieved in that

Vanadium-titanium black ceramic, the black porcelain of tradition or solar energy absorbing paint are covered the surface of ordinary pottery products, and making matrix is conventional ceramic, and superficial layer is that the composite ceramic solar of black porcelain of vanadium-titanium black ceramic, tradition or solar energy absorbing paint can the thermal-arrest plate.

Make full use of the existing equipment and the production capacity of the huge china sanitary ware industry of China; Make the thin walled hollow ceramic solar plate that one-shot forming itself has inlet and outlet connectors; Matrix is the hollow ceramic plate by conventional ceramic mud injection forming, and the superficial layer of its sunny slope is that the composite ceramic solar of black porcelain of vanadium-titanium black ceramic, tradition or solar energy absorbing paint can the thermal-arrest plate.Composite ceramic solar can thermal-arrest the material of plate be black porcelain and conventional ceramic compound through high temperature sintering be the composite ceramics of one; Hollow ceramic plate by the ceramic mud injection forming itself has interface and the flat box type structure of through hole; Can realize very high collecting efficiency, and can realize being connected easily between plate and the plate.Composite ceramic solar can be called for short ceramic solar plate by the thermal-arrest plate.

Make and prepare the porous mold that is used for the ceramic mud injection forming to article shape shown in Figure 8 like Fig. 1; Be also referred to as micropore suction model; Or be called micropore suction mould; Comprise gypsum mold, mould of plastics, silicon nitride and alumina die,, article shape and structure comprise the interface tube ceramic solar plate, go up the porous mold of interface tube ceramic solar plate, flat base ceramic solar plate, levorotation bell socket ceramic solar plate, right type bell socket ceramic solar plate, square frame trough-type ceramic solar plate, double step trough-type ceramic solar plate; General designation ceramic mud slip casting ceramic solar panel mould is called for short the ceramic solar board mold.

The method that adds the water making beating with ball milling or dry powder is made conventional ceramic mud, mud water content 30-40%.Conventional ceramic mud is injected the ceramic solar board mold, just formed after moisture is sucked by mould and have certain thickness even mud layer, dehydrate and form the base substrate with certain intensity in the process simultaneously, the ceramic solar plate biscuit is taken out in the demoulding.This casting process can adopt gypsum mould grouting moulding, the moulding of mould of plastics high-pressure slip-casting, vacuum and centrifugal grouting moulding, adopts gypsum mold, mould of plastics and other porous molds respectively, like pottery porous molds such as silicon nitride, aluminium oxide.

At surface spraying vanadium-titanium black ceramic or the black porcelain mud of tradition through the sunny slope of the ceramic solar plate biscuit of super-dry, through dry, be sintered to the compound ferrite porcelain solar heat collection plate.

The mud of tailings in vanadium extraction mud-grind with the mixture of tailings in vanadium extraction or tailings in vanadium extraction and other ceramic raw material; The mud of the black porcelain mud of tradition-grind with the mixture of traditional ceramics black colorant and other ceramic raw material.

Basic characteristics of the present invention are:

1, matrix is a conventional ceramic, and superficial layer is that the composite ceramic solar of black porcelain of vanadium-titanium black ceramic, tradition or solar energy absorbing paint can the thermal-arrest plate.

2, vanadium-titanium black ceramic mud, the black porcelain mud of tradition or solar energy absorbing paint are covered the surface of conventional ceramic biscuit; Through oversintering; Perhaps solar energy absorbing paint is covered through the surface of the ordinary pottery products of oversintering, forming superficial layer is the composite ceramic solar ability thermal-arrest plate of black porcelain of vanadium-titanium black ceramic, tradition or solar energy absorbing paint.

Solar energy absorbing paint can be divided into two big types basically, and one type is to rely on composition to have the sunlight absorbability, like transition metal oxide; Its high-temperature behavior is highly stable, with the thousands of degree high temperature of the common experience of ceramic matrix, keeps the Yuanyang absorbing properties basically; Another kind of is to rely on structure to have the sunlight absorbability; Like aluminium/nitrogen/solar energy absorbing paints such as aluminium, this type of coating can not bear high temperature, otherwise can lose the sunlight absorbability.

3, matrix is with the conventional ceramic mud conventional ceramic hollow sheeting that injection forming is made in porous mold, and superficial layer is that the composite ceramic solar of black porcelain of vanadium-titanium black ceramic, tradition or solar energy absorbing paint can the thermal-arrest plate.

4, use conventional ceramic mud injection forming in porous mold to be ceramic hollow sheeting biscuit; Vanadium-titanium black ceramic mud, the black porcelain mud of tradition or solar energy absorbing paint are sprayed on the surface of biscuit; Through oversintering; Perhaps solar energy absorbing paint is covered through the surface of the ceramic hollow sheeting of oversintering, making matrix is the conventional ceramic hollow sheeting, and superficial layer is that the composite ceramic solar of black porcelain of vanadium-titanium black ceramic, tradition or solar energy absorbing paint can the thermal-arrest plate.

Method with ceramic mud filling forming method manufacturing black ceramic composite ceramic solar panel of the present invention may further comprise the steps:

1) gets the raw materials ready: conventional ceramic mud; Tailings in vanadium extraction mud; The black porcelain mud of tradition; Solar energy absorbing paint.

2) porous mold of preparation interface tube ceramic solar plate, last interface tube ceramic solar plate, flat base ceramic solar plate, levorotation bell socket ceramic solar plate, right type bell socket ceramic solar plate, square frame trough-type ceramic solar plate, double step trough-type ceramic solar plate; Mould adopts gypsum, plastics, silicon nitride or aluminum oxide porous made, and last lower interface is on diagonal or axis.

3) adopt common pressure grouting moulding, high-pressure slip-casting moulding, vacuum injection moulding or centrifugal grouting forming method that conventional ceramic mud is injected in the ceramic solar plate porous mold; Absorbed by mould through moisture; The process that dehydrates forms the base substrate with certain intensity; Emit unnecessary mud, the ceramic solar plate biscuit is taken out in the demoulding.

4) interface tube and the bell socket of finishing ceramic solar plate biscuit, ceramic solar plate biscuit again with the processing of polishing of the surfaces externally and internally of the trimmer docking port of sand paper or built-in sand paper, make the surfaces externally and internally rounding, smooth of interface after super-dry.

5) at surface spraying vanadium-titanium black ceramic mud, the black porcelain mud of tradition or solar energy absorbing paint through the sunny slope of the ceramic solar plate biscuit of super-dry; Through dry, being sintered to composite ceramic solar can the thermal-arrest plate; Perhaps solar energy absorbing paint is covered through the surface of the conventional ceramic hollow sheeting of oversintering, becoming composite ceramic solar can the thermal-arrest plate.

6) when the surface spraying vanadium-titanium black ceramic mud of the sunny slope of the ceramic solar plate biscuit of drying, the black porcelain mud of tradition or solar energy absorbing paint; The method that can adopt spray gun to carry out the spraying of periodic scan in regular turn on the surface, being blotted rapidly attached to the first batch of mud droplet on dry biscuit surface becomes the hollow mud pellet, and the mud pellet that the second batch of mud droplet was dried when spray gun scanned this zone once more blots and becomes the hollow mud pellet; Until reaching desired thickness; The process that blots forms pore, and the pore in hollow mud pellet and the mud pellet makes superficial layer become three-dimensional cellular, is called solid netted superficial layer; Be called the solid netted black enamel coating behind the sintering; When sunlight gets into the hole of solid netted black enamel coating, in complicated tortuous hole, can't escape, the solid netted black enamel coating becomes the sunlight trap; Most sunlight energy are absorbed, the fluid in the heating solar panel by ceramic solar plate.

Described black ceramic composite ceramic solar panel is used to add hot water, air or other fluids, and summer air-conditioning, warming are provided, and builds the solar energy roof.With reference to the mode of geothermal water generating, a large amount of cheap high-temperature-hot-waters can also carry out the low cost generating, replace conventional energy resource, the environment of preserving our planet in addition.

The black porcelain mud of tradition of the present invention is meant the mud that the mixture of the long-term conventional black ceramic colorant that uses of ceramic industry and other ceramic raw material grinds, and the conventional black ceramic colorant is the primary raw material manufacturing, still can makes pottery present the ceramic additive of black through high temperature sintering with compounds such as Co, Cr, Mn, Fe.Described sunny slope is meant when the solar energy heating body uses the one side towards sunlight.

Major advantage of the present invention is:

1, makes full use of the existing equipment and the production capacity of the china sanitary ware industry that is on a grand scale; Make thin walled hollow ceramic solar energy heat-collection plate; In above-mentioned three kinds of forming methods, adopt porous mold ceramic mud filling forming method can directly obtain complete hollow ceramic plate with import and export.And ceramic material plastic forming method and ceramic powder press-formed method; All be to cohere ceramic interface biscuit with conventional ceramic mud again after making through hole ceramic wafer biscuit earlier; Through super-dry, be sintered into the hollow ceramic plate; Perhaps earlier respectively sintering through hole ceramic wafer biscuit, ceramic interface biscuit, ceramic bell socket biscuit, pottery compile the port biscuit, and then will compile port through through hole ceramic wafer, earthenware interface, ceramic bell socket, the pottery of oversintering with bond and be combined into the hollow ceramic plate.

2, adopt porous mold ceramic mud filling forming method to make black ceramic composite ceramic solar panel, production process is few, with short production cycle, production equipment simple, operation is simple and reliable, and property is high.

3, solar energy absorbing paint covers glass or peel off easily, lost efficacy in the metal surface for a long time; It is one of major reason of solar energy absorbing paint performance degradation; Ceramic rough surface, porous can form strong bonded with solar energy absorbing paint, incrust, the inefficacy of solar energy absorbing paint.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 representes the interface tube ceramic solar plate

Fig. 2 representes the interface tube ceramic solar plate, and the position of interface tube is than higher, make connect between pipe more convenient

Fig. 3 representes flat base ceramic solar plate, can the water in the plate be given out light

Fig. 4 representes levorotation bell socket ceramic solar plate, and bell socket can adopt organic and inorganic filling sealing agent, and inorganic material that has such as cement can have the service life same with ceramic phase

Fig. 5 representes that levorotation bell socket ceramic solar plate and right type bell socket ceramic solar plate are connected to become the ceramic solar plate column through socket joint, adopts file to make installation more convenient

Fig. 6 representes the square frame trough-type ceramic solar plate, and ledge is used for supporting transparent cover plate, simplified structure, reduce cost, life-saving

Fig. 7 representes the double step trough-type ceramic solar plate, and double step is used for supporting double-deck transparent cover plate, strengthens heat insulation effect

Fig. 8 representes to accomplish porous mold ceramic mud injection forming and the porous mold of the ceramic solar plate biscuit of the demoulding and ceramic solar plate mud injection forming not as yet, representes above-mentioned various ceramic solar plate biscuit and corresponding porous mold

Fig. 9 representes to adopt the solar thermal collector of the flat box type solar energy heating body of through hole that metal material makes.

Figure 10 representes to adopt the solar thermal collector of copper pipe plate-type solar heat collection body.

Figure 11 representes to adopt the solar thermal collector of vacuum glass tube solar heat-collecting body.

Solar thermal collector can heat various fluid media (medium)s, and when adopting water to be medium, solar thermal collector can be called solar water heater.

The explanation of mark among the figure:

1; Interface tube 2; Interface tube ceramic solar plate 3; Engagement groove 4; Water channel 5; Black porcelain biscuit layer; Black enamel coating or solar energy absorbing paint 6; Last interface tube 7; Last interface tube ceramic solar plate 8; In conjunction with frustum 9; Flat base ceramic solar plate 10; Solid flat base 11; The bellmouth 12 of bell socket; Levorotation bell socket ceramic solar plate 13; The socket 14 of bell socket; Interface material 15; Rubber ring or hemp cut 16; Right type bell socket ceramic solar plate 17; Square frame trough-type ceramic solar plate 18; Ledge 19; Double step trough-type ceramic solar plate 20; Double step ledge 21; Transparent cover plate 22; Porous mold 23; Ceramic solar plate 24; Sunlight; 25, upper circular tube; 26, go up manifold trunk; 27, water tank; 28, following circulation pipe; 29, the flat box type solar energy heating body of through hole of metal material manufacturing; 30, following manifold trunk; 31, heat collector shell; 32, transparent cover plate; 33, insulation material; 34, solar energy absorbing paint; 35, copper thermal-collecting tube; 36, copper pipe plate-type solar heat collection body; 37, sealing ring; 38, dust ring; 39, glass tube with vacuum; 40, tail holder; 41, tail holder location-plate;

Specific embodiment:

1, adopt gypsum mold common pressure grouting forming method, with conventional ceramic mud injection forming interface tube ceramic solar plate biscuit, surface spraying vanadium-titanium black ceramic mud; Through dry, be sintered to the interface tube black ceramic composite ceramic solar panel; 1220 ℃ of sintering temperatures, 3 millimeters of ceramic solar plate wall thickness, 20 millimeters of total thicknesses; Wide 500 millimeters, long 800 millimeters.

2, adopt porous plastics mould high-pressure slip-casting forming method, with conventional ceramic mud injection forming bell socket ceramic solar plate biscuit, the black porcelain mud of surface spraying tradition; Through dry, be sintered to the bell socket black ceramic composite ceramic solar panel; 1200 ℃ of sintering temperatures, 2.5 millimeters of ceramic solar plate wall thickness, 25 millimeters of total thicknesses; Wide 600 millimeters, long 1200 millimeters.

3, adopt nitride porous silicon mould vacuum injection forming method; With the flat base of conventional ceramic mud injection forming ceramic solar plate biscuit, through dry, be sintered to flat base pottery hollow solar panel, 1230 ℃ of sintering temperatures; 2 millimeters of ceramic solar plate wall thickness; 25 millimeters of total thicknesses, wide 800 millimeters, long 1200 millimeters.

4, adopt gypsum mold centrifugal grouting forming method, with conventional ceramic mud injection forming square frame trough-type ceramic solar plate biscuit, surface spraying vanadium-titanium black ceramic mud; Through dry, be sintered to square frame grooved black ceramic composite ceramic solar panel, 1230 ℃ of sintering temperatures, 2 millimeters of ceramic solar plate wall thickness; 28 millimeters of total thicknesses; Wide 1000 millimeters, long 1500 millimeters, sunny slope spraying solar energy absorbing paint.

5, adopt porous plastics mould high-pressure slip-casting forming method, with conventional ceramic mud injection forming double step trough-type ceramic solar plate biscuit, through drying, be sintered to double step trough-type ceramic hollow solar panel; 1230 ℃ of sintering temperatures, 3 millimeters of ceramic solar plate wall thickness, 30 millimeters of total thicknesses; Wide 1000 millimeters; Long 2000 millimeters, 25 millimeters of shoulder heights, sunny slope airless spraying solar energy absorbing paint.

Claims (1)

1. ceramic solar energy heat-collection plate; It is characterized in that; Matrix is to adopt gypsum mold to have the thin walled hollow ceramic wafer of inlet and outlet connectors with the moulding of conventional ceramic mud once grouting; Is surface spraying vanadium-titanium black ceramic mud, the black porcelain mud of tradition or the solar energy absorbing paint of the sunny slope of ceramic solar plate biscuit at thin walled hollow ceramic wafer through super-dry, through dry, being sintered to composite ceramic solar can the thermal-arrest plate, the superficial layer of its sunny slope is the black porcelain of vanadium-titanium black ceramic or tradition or through the ceramic solar energy heat-collection plate of the solar energy absorbing paint of oversintering; Sunny slope is meant when the solar energy heating body uses the one side towards sunlight; the wall thickness of thin walled hollow ceramic wafer is 2 millimeters, 2.5 millimeters, 3 millimeters, and total thickness is 20 millimeters, 25 millimeters, 28 millimeters, 30 millimeters, and width is 500 millimeters, 600 millimeters, 800 millimeters, 1000 millimeters; length is 800 millimeters, 1200 millimeters, 1500 millimeters, 2000 millimeters, and sintering temperature is 1200 ℃, 1220 ℃, 1230 ℃.

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