CN101892845B - Five-hole and four-path railway underwater tunnel and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Five-hole and four-path railway underwater tunnel and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101892845B CN101892845B CN 201010103740 CN201010103740A CN101892845B CN 101892845 B CN101892845 B CN 101892845B CN 201010103740 CN201010103740 CN 201010103740 CN 201010103740 A CN201010103740 A CN 201010103740A CN 101892845 B CN101892845 B CN 101892845B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a five-hole and four-path railway underwater tunnel and a construction method thereof. The five-hole and four-path railway underwater tunnel is characterized by comprising five tunnels which are arrayed in parallel, wherein the middle tunnel is used as a service tunnel; two single railway tunnels are arranged on the left and the right respectively; pedestrian cross aisles are arranged between two adjacent tunnels; and each single railway tunnel is connected with the service tunnel by a transverse air channel. The tunnel can improve the efficiency of escape and rescue under the high operating capability and strengthen the interior ventilation and smoke discharge capability under the disaster condition. The tunnel built recently can provide conditions for future tunnel construction for reducing the cost of construction projects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the overlength railway tunnel, relate in particular to a kind of five hole four-path railway underwater tunnel and construction methods thereof.Be specially adapted to geological conditions overlength four-track line tunnel preferably, and build double track railway, the situation of building up four-track line again at a specified future date in the recent period.
Background technology
At present, still there are not four line speciality railway seabed tunnels in the world.The most representative in the existing undersea railway tunnel with Great Britain and France's chunnel, see Fig. 1.The Great Britain and France's chunnel engineering that connects Britain and France is a double track railway, and it is made up of tunnel, three holes, and the service tunnel that internal diameter is 4.8 meters is placed in the middle, and the railway tunnel that internal diameter is 7.6 meters is positioned at both sides.Railway tunnel after building up is mainly used in shuttle train, express train and the goods train operation of passenger loading, automobile.There are a track and two pavements in tunnel, every hole, and wherein a pavement is used for tunnel maintenance, and another pavement near service tunnel one side is used for emergency evacuation.4.8 meters of service tunnel internal diameters are mainly used in tunnel regular maintenance and emergency evacuation.The center to center distance of service tunnel and railway tunnel is 15 meters.Two service tunnel special-purpose vehicles of drivable in the tunnel cross section, and have independently supply power, illumination, drainage system.
When building four threaded list roads, need set up tunnel, three holes, become tunnel, six holes to arrange that referring to Fig. 2, there is following problem in this arrangement form according to Great Britain and France's chunnel pattern:
1, tunnel, six holes is arranged, scale is big, and cost is high, and wherein two holes are service tunnel, relatively waste.
2, chunnel is often longer, as Great Britain and France straits 49.2km, the Taiwan Straits 120km etc., and local some zone of fracture or the tomography of existing.The tunnel excavation hole count is many more, and excavation length is also big more, the corresponding increase of construction risk.
3, because the traffic volume progressively increases, like recent two-wire operation, long term four lines when operation again, tunnel, six holes arrangement is difficult to utilize the tunnel that has built up to be constructed, and makes the duration of engineering at a specified future date very long.
Summary of the invention
One of the object of the invention is the weak point that exists to the above-mentioned background technology, proposes a kind of efficient that under big service ability, can improve the escape disaster relief, strengthens five hole four-path railway underwater tunnels of tunnel internal ventilation smoke exhaust ability under the hazardous condition.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose; The present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of five hole four-path railway underwater tunnels; It is characterized in that this tunnel is made up of five tunnels that are arranged side by side, middle tunnel, a hole is as service tunnel, about respectively arrange single-track railway tunnel, two holes; Be provided with between the tunnel, adjacent two hole and supply current People's Bank of China's transverse passage-way, be connected by horizontal air channel between single-track railway tunnel, every hole and the service tunnel.
In such scheme; Said service tunnel can be separated into two parts up and down by dividing plate, and the upper strata is as vertical air channel, and lower floor is provided with vertical evacuation rescue passage;, lower floor is furnished with rail breakdown lorry or trackless breakdown lorry in vertically evacuating the rescue passage; Vertically evacuate rescue passage both sides in lower floor and be provided with the rescue passage to be kept away that supplies people to wait for rescue vehicle, the railway both sides in every railway tunnel, or railway leans on one side of service tunnel to be provided with the rescue passage that supplies the people to pass through.
In such scheme, said horizontal air channel is preferably between vertical air channel on every railway tunnel top and service tunnel upper strata.
In such scheme, the said People's Bank of China transverse passage-way preferably lower floor of the rescue passage in every railway tunnel and service tunnel is vertically evacuated between the rescue passage.
In such scheme, said horizontal air channel can be provided with by tunnel longitudinal separation 1-2km along said five hole.
In such scheme, said People's Bank of China transverse passage-way can be provided with by tunnel longitudinal separation 250-500m along said five hole.
In such scheme, 2 vertical shafts that supply the ventilation usefulness can be set at interval vertically along the tunnel in every railway tunnel.
Another object of the present invention is to propose a kind of construction method of building above-mentioned five hole four-path railway underwater tunnels, makes it can utilize the tunnel built in the recent period for the construction in tunnel at a specified future date condition to be provided, to reduce construction costs.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of construction method that is used to build above-mentioned five hole four-path railway underwater tunnels is characterized in that this method comprises following operation:
1) excavates central service tunnel in advance;
2) railway tunnel of the follow-up excavation left and right sides;
3) the People's Bank of China's transverse passage-way between the construction adjacent tunnel;
4) construct at last horizontal air channel between each single-track railway tunnel and the central service tunnel,
Form four-track line tunnel, five holes.
In operation 2) in, the railway tunnel of the said excavation left and right sides can be tunnel, outermost two hole, the left and right sides; In operation 3) in, the People's Bank of China's transverse passage-way between said construction adjacent tunnel can be the People's Bank of China's transverse passage-way between outermost railway tunnel and the service tunnel; In operation 4) in, the horizontal air channel between each single-track railway tunnel of said construction and the central service tunnel can be the horizontal air channel between outermost railway tunnel and the service tunnel, forms three hole double track tunnels; In operation 4) can also be provided with operation 5 afterwards) railway tunnel and the operation 6 of building next-door neighbour service tunnel both sides) ventilation transverse passage-way between construction later stages two hole railway tunnel and the central service tunnel, formation is required four threaded list roads, five holes finally.
In above-mentioned operation 5) in, can utilize People's Bank of China's transverse passage-way as work plane, adopt the railway tunnel of drilling and blasting method excavation next-door neighbour service tunnel both sides.
Five hole four-path railway underwater tunnels of the present invention can once build up, and also can build up by stages.When once building up, its construction method adopts following working procedure:
1) service tunnel of central authorities excavation in advance, the construction risk for the uncertainty of avoiding geological conditions is brought can adopt shield construction, and carries out advance geologic prediction and the unfavorable geology location is reinforced in advance for the construction of railway tunnel.
2) each tunnel, two holes follow-up excavation of the left and right sides, because the service tunnel of central authorities provides the reliable geological data and leading reinforcing has been carried out in the unfavorable geology location, the tunnel of both sides can adopt speed of application TBM excavation faster.When most of location, tunnel is soft stratum, also can adopt shield construction.
3) the People's Bank of China's transverse passage-way between the construction adjacent tunnel.
4) construct at last horizontal air channel between each single-track railway tunnel and the central service tunnel.Form four-track line tunnel, five holes.
When adopt build up in the recent period the double track railway operation, at a specified future date build up again the four-track line operation build up method by stages the time, its construction method adopts following working procedure:
1) service tunnel of central authorities excavation in advance, the construction risk for the uncertainty of avoiding geological conditions is brought can adopt shield construction, and carries out advance geologic prediction and the unfavorable geology location is reinforced in advance for the construction of railway tunnel.
2) tunnel, outermost two hole, left and right sides follow-up excavation, because the service tunnel of central authorities provides the reliable geological data and leading reinforcing has been carried out in the unfavorable geology location, this tunnel, two holes can adopt speed of application TBM excavation faster.When most of location, tunnel is soft stratum, also can adopt shield construction.
3) People's Bank of China's transverse passage-way between construction outermost railway tunnel and the service tunnel and horizontal air channel.
4) forming three hole double track tunnels runs.
5), build the railway tunnel of next-door neighbour's service tunnel both sides again along with the development of the traffic volume.Because the tunnel, three holes of construction has fully been verified geological conditions and leading reinforcing has been carried out in the unfavorable geology location in advance; And in advance the tunnel of construction can for after the two hole railway tunnel of building provide and ventilate and transport channel; Therefore can utilize People's Bank of China's transverse passage-way as work plane, adopt drilling and blasting method to excavate last two hole railway tunnel.And because transverse passage-way quantity is more, can carry out a plurality of work plane constructions simultaneously, build tunnel, last two hole fast, shorten the construction period.
5) construct at last horizontal air channel between later stages two hole railway tunnel and the central service tunnel.Form final required four threaded list roads, five holes.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1) the shared hole service tunnel in single-track railway tunnel, four holes, cost economic.And because railway tunnel operation disaster probability of happening is minimum, a hole service tunnel can satisfy the operation security requirement fully.
2) can help reducing construction costs according to the growth time phasing of the traffic volume, and the two hole railway tunnel durations of construction in later period are short.
3) lower floor of service tunnel vertically evacuates the rescue passage, and the rescue fire escape can provide rapid evacuation to rescue according to the different mining of the length of tunnel and the traffic volume with vehicles such as light section car, battery truck or automobiles.
4) the last sheaf space of service tunnel is vertical air channel, when fire occurs in last vehicle of train, can utilize this air channel to discharge fume, and prevents that smog from influencing the follow-up train of the train that catches fire.
Characteristic of the present invention and correlated characteristic are explained further details through embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, so that technician's of the same trade understanding:
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is existing Great Britain and France straits double track railway tunnel layout pattern figure;
Fig. 2 is the four-track line tunnel layout pattern figure by Great Britain and France's chunnel mode arrangement;
Fig. 3 is a four-track line of the present invention tunnel arrangement diagram;
Fig. 4 is an A-A sectional drawing among Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is stage construction embodiment working procedure figure.
Fig. 5-the 1st, the service tunnel 5 of first step excavation central authorities;
Fig. 5-2 is second step excavation first line railway tunnel 1 and four-track line tunnels 4;
Fig. 5-3 is the 3rd step construction contact transverse passage-ways;
Fig. 5-4 is the 4th step excavation second line railway tunnel 2 and three lines railway tunnels 3;
Fig. 5-5 is the 5th step construction ventilation transverse passage-ways 13.
In the drawings, 1 is the first line railway tunnel, and 2 is the second line railway tunnel, and 3 is the three lines railway tunnel; 4 is the four-track line tunnel, and 5 is service tunnel, and 6 is People's Bank of China's transverse passage-way; 7 is horizontal air channel, and 8 is that special bus is rescued for vertically evacuating in vertical air channel, 9, and 10 is railway clearance; 11 are the rescue passage, and 12 are rescue passage to be kept away, and 13 are the ventilation transverse passage-way.
The specific embodiment
This instance relates to a kind of four-track line seabed tunnel layout pattern, is specially adapted to geological conditions overlength four-track line tunnel preferably, and the four-track line tunnel of time phasing.
Referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.Five hole four-track line seabed tunnels of present embodiment mainly are based on the layout pattern of single-track railway tunnel, four holes+hole service tunnel; Tunnel, five holes is " one " font or " V " font arranges; Service tunnel 5 is positioned at central authorities; The first line railway tunnel 1 and the second line railway tunnel 2 are positioned at the left side of service tunnel 5 successively, and three lines railway tunnel 3 and four-track line tunnel 4 are positioned at the right side of service tunnel 5 successively.Above-mentioned first, second, third and fourth railway tunnel is the single-track railway tunnel, and the People's Bank of China's transverse passage-way 6 that supplies people to pass through is set between the tunnel, adjacent two hole, along the vertical every interval 250-500m in tunnel, said five hole People's Bank of China's transverse passage-way 6 is set.Be connected by horizontal air channel 7 between single-track railway tunnel, every hole and the service tunnel, a horizontal air channel 7 be set along the vertical every interval 1-2km in tunnel, said five hole.
Longitudinal separation is provided with 2 vertical shafts that supply ventilation usefulness along the tunnel in every railway tunnel.
The present embodiment construction method adopts following two kinds of working procedures:
When once building up five holes, four lines, concrete working procedure is:
1) service tunnel 5 that is positioned at central authorities is excavation in advance, and the construction risk for the uncertainty of avoiding geological conditions is brought can adopt shield construction, and carries out advance geologic prediction and the unfavorable geology location is reinforced in advance for the construction of follow-up railway tunnel.
2) the single-track railway tunnel of left and right sides follow-up excavation, because the service tunnel 5 of central authorities provides the reliable geological data and leading reinforcing has been carried out in the unfavorable geology location, the tunnel of both sides can adopt speed of application TBM excavation faster.When most of location, tunnel is soft stratum, also can adopt shield construction.
3) the People's Bank of China's transverse passage-way 6 between the construction adjacent tunnel.
4) construct at last horizontal air channel 7 between each single-track railway tunnel and the central service tunnel 5 forms four-track line tunnel, five holes.
When building up in the recent period when building up the four-track line operation again in double track railway operation, long term, concrete working procedure is: referring to Fig. 5
1) service tunnel 5 of central authorities excavation in advance, the construction risk for the uncertainty of avoiding geological conditions is brought can adopt shield construction, and carries out advance geologic prediction and the unfavorable geology location is reinforced in advance for the construction of follow-up railway tunnel.See Fig. 5-1
2) outermost first line railway tunnel 1 in the left and right sides and four-track line tunnel 4 follow-up excavations; Because the service tunnel 5 of central authorities provides the reliable geological data and leading reinforcing has been carried out in the unfavorable geology location, the tunnel of both sides can adopt speed of application TBM excavation faster.When most of location, tunnel is soft stratum, also can adopt shield construction.See Fig. 5-2
3) the People's Bank of China's transverse passage-way 6 between the construction first line railway tunnel 1 and service channel 5 and four-track line tunnel 4 and the service channel 5.See Fig. 5-3.
4) the horizontal air channel (7) between the construction first line railway tunnel 1 and service channel 5 and four-track line tunnel 4 and the service channel 5.See Fig. 5-3.
5) forming double track railway tunnel, three holes runs.
6), increase and build up four-track line along with the development of the traffic volume.Utilize People's Bank of China's transverse passage-way 6 as work plane; Adopt drill bursting construction second line railway tunnel 2 and the three lines railway tunnel 3; And utilize the first threaded list road 1, the 4th threaded list road 4 and service tunnel 5 to carry out construction ventilation, utilize the transportation of constructing of the service tunnel 5 and the second line railway tunnel 2, three lines railway tunnel 3.See Fig. 5-4.
7) construct at last ventilation transverse passage-way 13 between the second line railway tunnel 2, three lines railway tunnel 3 and the central service tunnel 5.Thereby constitute the railway tunnel pattern of whole five holes four lines.See Fig. 5-5.
Under the normal operation situation, when the train Piston Wind is big, can carry out mechanical ventilation, when fresh air that Piston Wind is not enough to provide enough, can utilize horizontal air channel 7 and the vertical air channel 8 of ventilation transverse passage-way 13 to ventilate with service tunnel 5 tops.Under hazardous condition, when fire occurred in the train head, because the place ahead train sails out of the tunnel voluntarily, directly direct motion car direction was ventilated; When fire occurs in train middle part or afterbody, utilize horizontal air channel 7 and ventilation transverse passage-way 13 and vertical air channel 8 to carry out smoke-discharging and ventilating, prevent that smog from influencing the rear train.
When the generation disaster must be carried out evacuating personnel in the railway tunnel; Personnel are transferred to vertical rescue passage 11 from the accident train; The rescue that gets in the service tunnel 5 through People's Bank of China's transverse passage-way 6 again waits to keep away passage 12, takes vertical evacuation rescue special bus 9 at last and leaves the tunnel.The rescue personnel can be by rescuing in this opposite entering accident tunnel, path outside the tunnel.
Tunnel according to the invention can improve the efficient of the escape disaster relief under big service ability, tunnel internal ventilation smoke exhaust ability under the enhancing hazardous condition, and can utilize the tunnel built in the recent period condition to be provided for the construction in tunnel at a specified future date, with the reduction construction costs.
Claims (10)
1. hole four-path railway underwater tunnel; It is characterized in that this tunnel is made up of five tunnels that are arranged side by side; Middle tunnel, a hole is as service tunnel; About respectively arrange single-track railway tunnel, two holes, be provided with between the tunnel, adjacent two hole and supply current People's Bank of China's transverse passage-way, be connected by horizontal air channel between single-track railway tunnel, every hole and the service tunnel.
2. a kind of five hole four-path railway underwater tunnels according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said service tunnel is separated into two parts up and down by dividing plate, and the upper strata is as vertical air channel, and lower floor is provided with vertical evacuation rescue passage;, lower floor is furnished with rail breakdown lorry or trackless breakdown lorry in vertically evacuating the rescue passage; Vertically evacuate rescue passage both sides in lower floor and be provided with the rescue passage to be kept away that supplies people to wait for rescue vehicle, the railway both sides in every railway tunnel, or railway leans on one side of service tunnel to be provided with the rescue passage that supplies the people to pass through.
3. a kind of five hole four-path railway underwater tunnels according to claim 2 is characterized in that said horizontal air channel is between vertical air channel on every railway tunnel top and service tunnel upper strata.
4. a kind of five hole four-path railway underwater tunnels according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the lower floor of rescue passage and the service tunnel of said People's Bank of China transverse passage-way in every railway tunnel vertically evacuates between the rescue passage.
5. a kind of five hole four-path railway underwater tunnels according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said horizontal air channel is along 1-2km setting at interval between said single-track railway tunnel, every hole and the service tunnel.
6. root a kind of five hole four-path railway underwater tunnels according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said People's Bank of China transverse passage-way is along 250-500m setting at interval between the tunnel, said adjacent two hole.
7. root a kind of five hole four-path railway underwater tunnels according to claim 1 is characterized in that, longitudinal separation is provided with 2 vertical shafts that supply ventilation usefulness along the tunnel in every railway tunnel.
8. a construction method that is used to build the said five hole four-path railway underwater tunnels of claim 1 is characterized in that, this method comprises following operation:
1) excavates central service tunnel in advance;
2) railway tunnel of the follow-up excavation left and right sides;
3) the People's Bank of China's transverse passage-way between the construction adjacent tunnel;
4) construct at last horizontal air channel between each single-track railway tunnel and the service tunnel,
Form four-track line tunnel, five holes.
9. construction method according to claim 8 is characterized in that, in operation 2) in, the railway tunnel of the said excavation left and right sides is tunnel, outermost two hole, the left and right sides; In operation 3) in, the People's Bank of China's transverse passage-way between said construction adjacent tunnel is the People's Bank of China's transverse passage-way between outermost railway tunnel and the service tunnel; In operation 4) in, the horizontal air channel between each single-track railway tunnel of said construction and the service tunnel is the horizontal air channel between outermost railway tunnel and the service tunnel; In operation 4) also be provided with operation 5 afterwards) railway tunnel and the operation 6 of building next-door neighbour's service tunnel both sides) ventilation transverse passage-way between construction later stages two hole railway tunnel and the service tunnel, form finally required four threaded list roads, five holes.
10. construction method according to claim 9 is characterized in that, in operation 5) in, utilize People's Bank of China's transverse passage-way as work plane, adopt the railway tunnel of drilling and blasting method excavation next-door neighbour service tunnel both sides.
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104832181B (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2016-11-30 | 中铁十九局集团第一工程有限公司 | Dovetail type section constructing tunnel technique |
| CN109026026B (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2020-03-17 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | Construction method of large-section multi-line multi-arch underground excavation tunnel group penetrating existing pipe gallery |
| CN109555527B (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2020-06-30 | 中铁隧道集团二处有限公司 | Five-line parallel small-spacing shallow-buried large-section tunnel group construction method |
| CN110735463A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-01-31 | 武汉中交交通工程有限责任公司 | Fire-fighting water supply system for super-long tunnels |
| CN112855254A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-05-28 | 上海隧道工程有限公司 | Structure of super-long submarine shield method highway tunnel escape system and construction method thereof |
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| DE4432954A1 (en) * | 1994-09-16 | 1996-03-21 | John Hankins | Rail tunnel arranged as three=tube system |
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