CN101888106A - Equalization management system and method of series connected battery pack - Google Patents
Equalization management system and method of series connected battery pack Download PDFInfo
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- CN101888106A CN101888106A CN2010102010673A CN201010201067A CN101888106A CN 101888106 A CN101888106 A CN 101888106A CN 2010102010673 A CN2010102010673 A CN 2010102010673A CN 201010201067 A CN201010201067 A CN 201010201067A CN 101888106 A CN101888106 A CN 101888106A
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Abstract
The invention provides an equalization management system of a series connected battery pack, which comprises a power source connected with the series connected battery pack. The equalization management system is characterized by also comprising a controller connected with the power source, and a motor, a rack moving mechanism and a movable rack which are sequentially connected, wherein the movable rack is provided with a contact point moving mechanism which is driven by the motor and is provided with at least two equalization contact points; each battery of the series connected battery pack is connected with two battery contact points; the power source 1 is respectively connected with the equalization contact points on the contact point moving mechanism, the power source and a main controller. The invention also provides an equalization management method of the series connected battery pack. When the series connected battery pack starts working, the controller detects the voltage and the temperature of each battery in the battery pack; when the voltage of any one battery is lower than or higher than a standard value, the controller controls the motor to drive the movable rack to move until the equalization contact points comes in contact with the battery contact points, and simultaneously controls the power source 1 to reduce or increase currents to equalize the battery to the standard value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of batteries management system, especially a kind of balanced management system for series connected battery pack and balanced management method thereof based on boosting battery.
Background technology
Term definition:
Monocell: the basic battery unit of non-series connection.
Univoltage: the voltage of monocell.
Serial number: the number of the monocell that series system connects in the battery pack or represent with N.
Euqalizing current: the electric current when regulating the monocell electric weight.
The use of single battery, battery management system is the simplest, and situation was then different when series connection was used.The consistency of battery has determined the performance of battery, life-span and fail safe, as long as the degradation of a battery is promptly arranged, the performance of whole battery group is all with variation.
1, wherein have the capacity of a battery on the low side, the result be when charging this battery at first reach charging upper limit cut-ff voltage, and at first reach discharge lower limit cut-ff voltage during discharge.The capacity of this battery determines the capacity of this battery pack so.
If 2 initial conditions have the voltage of a battery on the low side, this battery does not reach cut-ff voltage and can not be full of during charging.This battery at first arrives to discharge and ends during discharge.It is intact tele-release in advance again that battery is not full of electricity, and actual available electric weight is by the capacity decision of this battery.
If the polarization impedance and the internal resistance of 3 one batteries are higher, cell voltage rises soon during charging, and cell voltage descends fast during discharge.With regard to certain performance of once testing is exactly the off-capacity of this battery, and load capacity descends.Temperature drift when discharging and recharging.
The consistency that improves battery in the battery manufacture process also has sizable difficulty and the manufacturing expense that needs bigger input and will increase substantially battery causes the battery price high and be unfavorable for the fast development of ev industry.Current battery manufacturer or the battery combination factory strict screening technique of employing carry out battery and mate the consistency that improves battery.Even but the battery after the strict coupling just shows visible difference at the initial stage of circulation.The middle threshold voltage of discharge is having at the very start than big difference.Adopt the validity of battery coupling unsatisfactory.Especially it is emphasized that the increase with the battery cycle-index, battery consistency changes the undetectability of degree.The condition of work of battery and environment also can exert an influence to consistency.In a word, complicated and diversified influencing factor makes that deterministic general and accurate rule is difficult to obtain.
Except working hard aspect the consistency of battery itself, another kind of solution---battery balanced management more and more demonstrates importance.Balanced management is regulated the electric weight of every batteries by the mode that electric weight shifts.Balanced management can not only solve the problem of battery consistency in principle, and the life-span that can make that the poorest battery of performance in the series battery obtains prolonging, the improvement of battery performance simultaneously will make that also battery security improves, because after the battery performance variation, fail safe also decreases.The continuation of the journey mileage of battery and useful life and battery cost determination the destiny of electric automobile.Balanced management relates to the important ring that the electric automobile performance concerns just.Adopt balanced management, the coherence request of battery obviously reduces, and manufacture process is oversimplified, and cost also can decline to a great extent, as long as the performance of monocell meets the demands, the performance of battery pack just can meet the demands.China battery enterprise is numerous, and level is uneven.The balanced management The Application of Technology is the monoenergetic status of improving Chinese battery not, and can make more multiple enterprises have the ability to join in the competition of electric automobile and relevant industries thereof, makes whole industry more flourishing.Balanced management system will greatly promote the development of electric automobile effectively reliably.Itself having to become with electric automobile, and electronic public transport comprises electric bicycle, battery-operated motor cycle, large energy accumulation device, electric tool, communication base station stand-by power supply, the development in battery applications fields such as military power supply and the new industry of growing in strength.
But the problem of balanced management is at present effectively solved as yet.Battery balanced realization is mostly based on two basic physical concept: the electric current shunting is shifted with electric weight.
Electric current shunting is that the electric weight of battery that voltage is high bleeds off via resistance.The circuit structure of this method and control all more complicated, the resistance heating amount is big, and euqalizing current is restricted, is difficult to surpass 1A, only suitable low capacity, the occasion that the series-connected cell number is few.And the equilibrium when only being used to charge, there is not practical significance during discharge.At present at battery capacity 1-3Ah, series-connected cell is counted extensive use in the electric tool product of 2-5.MAXIM, Intersil, all there is special-purpose product in u s companys such as O2, also can be realized by the MCU technology.The typical circuit structure of electric weight transfer method is that American TI Company is put forward justice, and the two-way harmless notion of in the industry cycle generally being praised highly.But this thinking is more complicated, and discrete component is many, and the complexity of control is also higher.Require each battery to be equipped with a balanced loop, (it is a lot of that each battery is equipped with the design of an equalizing circuit, comprises that each battery is equipped with a DC-DC transducer), reliability decrease, cost rises, and almost can't safeguard.If require bigger euqalizing current then variety of issue will be more outstanding.Every batteries needs two MOSs, in case one tunnel device failure is arranged, it is high to produce short risk.This fail safe to battery and car load is totally unfavorable.
The tempting part of two-way harmless notion is the electric weight of the high battery of voltage to be transferred to the low battery of voltage get on, but to transmit electric weight one by one by the battery of adjacency, this multiple energy transmission is returned and is caused bigger energy loss, and this is balanced unfavorable to discharge process.This method is difficult to realize the problem of big current balance equally.Often all about 100Ah, electronic public transport reaches 200Ah to the batteries of electric automobile capacity.Too small euqalizing current when particularly requiring quick charge, requires big current balance with meaning out of balance especially.The various principles of big current balance are also uncomplicated.Difficulty is that realizability is poor, and reliability is low, and security risk is big, the cost height.Therefore mostly to be the Data Detection collection be main to present cell management system of electric automobile, the function of rare management.The present invention proposes to realize charging and discharges and can both carry out big current balance, and the design of the simple and reliable battery management system that is easy to realize and device can effectively solve the problem that at present big capacity multiple batteries string quantity batteries management system exists.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of balanced management system for series connected battery pack, comprise power supply, power supply links to each other with series battery, it is characterized in that, also comprise the controller that links to each other with power supply, the motor of Xiang Lianing successively, stage motion mechanism, mobile stand, the contact motion is installed on the mobile stand, the contact motion is by motor-driven, the contact motion is provided with at least two balanced contacts, and the every batteries of series battery all connects two battery contacts, power supply 1 respectively with the contact motion on balanced contact, power supply, master controller links to each other.
Preferably, described controller is any one among single-chip microcomputer, PLC control circuit, the DSP.
Preferably, described contact motion is provided with contact switch.
Preferably, described controller connects host computer.
Preferably, described controller is connected with charge switch.
Preferably, described controller is connected with discharge switch.
Preferably, described charge switch is any one in transistor, MOSFET, IGBT, electromagnetic contactor, relay or other electronics or the mechanical switch.
Preferably, described discharge switch is any one in transistor, MOSFET, IGBT, electromagnetic contactor, relay or other electronics or the mechanical switch.
Preferably, be connected with power supply 2 between described controller and the power supply.
The present invention also provides a kind of management method of balanced management system for series connected battery pack, it is characterized in that, when series battery is started working, controller detects every batteries voltage, temperature in the battery pack simultaneously, when any batteries voltage is below or above standard value, controller moves stand by the control motor-driven and moves, and joins until balanced contact and battery contact, controls power supply 1 simultaneously and reduces or increase this battery of current balance to reach standard value.For example, when a batteries voltage was on the low side, controller was according to the position of each battery contact that preestablishes and store, the control motor-driven moves stand and moves, find the positive and negative contact position of this battery, control current collector then and join with it, this battery is carried out equilibrium.According to the various states or the condition of work of battery, controller can be regulated the output current of power supply 1, thereby changes euqalizing current.For example, equilibrium begins to use little electric current, big then electric current, and the later stage can reduce heavy current impact to the contact with the working method of little electric current again, prolongs the life-span of contact, and makes balanced control more accurate etc.When battery charge, controller can be according to the State Control charging current of battery pack, for example, battery pack or certain battery are when being full of electricity, the control charge switch (comprising the PWM method) reduces charging current or stops charging, treat suitable equilibrium after, begin charging again or strengthen charging current.
Contact switch is controlled by controller, can play the safeguard protection effect, for example contact adhesion or DC-DC transducer fault, and then switch cuts out and isolates getting in touch of battery pack and equalizing system electricity.Open contact switch again after adopting the contact to contact and carry out equilibrium, close the working method that the electric shock switch cuts off euqalizing current before the contact separation, can prevent to contact the generation of electric spark, reach the purpose of protection contact.This is necessary to big current balance.
Power supply 2 is not to realize that this patent principle is necessary, but it can provide the 12V DC power supply of a standard, and this is necessary for electric automobile.Again the 12V power supply being become the power supply that is fit to equilibrium through power supply 2 can be easier.
Power supply 1 also can have the bypass discharge control device, promptly by switch, and resistance, fan, the load of pump or other types is discharged.For example in when charging,,, the voltage of the low battery of voltage is heightened for the best approach that guarantees fast uniform charging charging is that the voltage of battery that voltage is high is turned down if the voltage of certain battery is higher.This process is, to high-voltage battery, stops the inversion of power supply 1, opens the bypass discharge.For low-voltage battery, process is opposite.If adopting these two processes of device of many groups contact can carry out simultaneously.As Fig. 2, pair of contact connects power supply 1 to A-battery charging supercharging, and another connects the bypass electric discharge device to the high-tension battery step-down of discharging to the contact.This requires system that two independently mobile stand of cover and drive units will be arranged.
As Fig. 3, two independently mobile stand of cover and drive units.Two cover motions find the highest battery of voltage and the minimum battery of voltage respectively, by stepup transformer (DC-DC) electric weight of high-voltage battery are transferred in the battery of low-voltage and are gone.The voltage and current of stepup transformer is regulated according to the state and the control strategy of battery pack by controller.The balanced little energy that consumes of this method, and the highest balanced efficient is arranged.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the control system block diagram of a kind of specific embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the control system block diagram of the another kind of specific embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is different from the control system block diagram of a kind of specific embodiment of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 for the present invention.
Embodiment:
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, below the present invention is further described.
A kind of balanced management system for series connected battery pack, comprise power supply, power supply links to each other with series battery, also comprise the controller that links to each other with power supply, the motor of Xiang Lianing, stage motion mechanism, mobile stand are installed the contact motion on the mobile stand successively, the contact motion is by motor-driven, the contact motion is provided with at least two balanced contacts, and the every batteries of series battery all connects two battery contacts, and power supply 1 links to each other with balanced contact, power supply, controller on the motion of contact respectively.Described controller is a single-chip microcomputer.Described contact motion is provided with contact switch.Described controller connects host computer.Be connected with charge switch between described controller and the series battery.Be connected with discharge switch between described controller and the series battery.Preferably, described charge switch is the MOS switch.Described discharge switch is the MOS switch.Be connected with power supply 2 between described controller and the power supply.
The present invention also provides a kind of management method of balanced management system for series connected battery pack, when series battery is started working, controller detects every batteries voltage, electric current, temperature in the battery pack simultaneously, when any batteries voltage is below or above standard value, controller moves stand by the control motor-driven and moves, until balanced contact and battery is positive and negative joins, control power supply 1 simultaneously and reduce or increase this battery of current balance to reach standard value.
Battery contact on balanced contact on the motion of contact and the battery node adopts contact to be connected, driven by motor stage motion mechanism controls moves stand and moves, and moves to the battery contact for the treatment of balanced battery from the battery contact of a batteries and carries out balanced management.
Foregoing description only is a kind of specific embodiment of the present invention, and wherein the contact integral layout of series battery can be any one in loop configuration or many loop types, linear structure, matrix structure, the stepped construction.Corresponding motion mode also can be annular shuttling movement, the equilibrium of linear reciprocation cycle, matrix endless form.Management is got an electric shock and can also be adopted other modes to be connected with battery contact, for example adopts sliding contacting mode.When the battery contact of series battery is arranged as annular or many rings, during the working method of the unidirectional continuous rotation of mobile stand, the holding wire of power supply and host computer can be guided to detecting unit and controller by the conducting slip ring that is installed on the rotating shaft.The transmission of signal or data realizes with accepting also available wireless or infrared mode, to reduce the quantity of slip ring.Also can positive and negative both direction non-whole circle rotation so just can be used lead and without slip ring.
The contact motion can omit, and the balanced contact that is fixed on the mobile stand can also adopt other modes to be connected with battery contact on the battery node, for example can adopt sliding contacting mode, reduces moving component.
A plurality of separate contact motions can also be set, can be used for balanced a plurality of batteries simultaneously, raise the efficiency;
On the motion of contact, switch can also be set, the switch of Single-chip Controlling contact motion;
When series battery was annular, the contact motion can be installed in to rotate on the mobile stand and detect voltage by slip ring, also can back and forth detect by individual pen;
Controller sends data or receives instruction to the host computer of computer or other types.
When being full of, the open and close of controller control charge switch batch (-type) improving the fail safe of battery balanced management, and are full of back charge closing switch at the series battery electric weight at the series battery electric weight.
The present invention can be by detecting related datas such as cell voltage, electric current, temperature, carry out analysis and judgement, concrete condition according to data is carried out corresponding balanced management, since only with one the road or several roads equalizing circuit just can realize whole battery group is carried out equilibrium, therefore easily the big current balance of realization is managed and has been simplified design simultaneously.The principle of the invention is intuitively simple, realizes that easily reliability is expensive low.Maintenance maintenance is changed convenient.Detected data can be by bus or wireless or infrared mode transmission.
Application of the present invention is suitable for the series battery that any kind battery constitutes, voltage is carried out in the balanced management of each energy-storage travelling wave tube in the similar electrical energy storage device such as series capacitor bank or bank of super capacitors simultaneously, temperature, internal resistance, the detection of battery parameters such as distortion and data processing and transmission.
At last, it is also to be noted that what more than enumerate only is specific embodiments of the invention, obviously, the invention is not restricted to above examples of implementation, many distortion can also be arranged.All distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art can directly derive or associate from content disclosed by the invention all should be thought protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. balanced management system for series connected battery pack, comprise power supply, power supply links to each other with series battery, it is characterized in that, also comprise the controller that links to each other with power supply, the motor of Xiang Lianing, stage motion mechanism, mobile stand successively, the contact motion is installed on the mobile stand, the contact motion is by motor-driven, the contact motion is provided with at least two balanced contacts, the every batteries of series battery all connects two battery contacts, and power supply 1 links to each other with contact, power supply, master controller on the motion of contact respectively.
2. balanced management system for series connected battery pack according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described controller is any one among single-chip microcomputer, PLC control circuit, the DSP.
3. balanced management system for series connected battery pack according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is provided with contact switch between described contact motion and the contact.
4. balanced management system for series connected battery pack according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described controller connects host computer.
5. balanced management system for series connected battery pack according to claim 1 is characterized in that described controller is connected with charge switch.
6. balanced management system for series connected battery pack according to claim 1 is characterized in that described controller is connected with discharge switch.
7. balanced management system for series connected battery pack according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described charge switch is any one in transistor, MOSFET, IGBT, electromagnetic contactor, relay or other electronics or the mechanical switch.
8. balanced management system for series connected battery pack according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described discharge switch is any one in transistor, MOSFET, IGBT, electromagnetic contactor, relay or other electronics or the mechanical switch.
9. balanced management system for series connected battery pack according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is connected with power supply 2 between described controller and the power supply.
10. the balanced management method of a balanced management system for series connected battery pack as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when series battery is started working, controller detects every batteries voltage, electric current, temperature in the battery pack simultaneously, when any batteries voltage is below or above standard value, controller moves stand by the control motor-driven and moves, and joins until balanced contact and battery contact, controls power supply 1 simultaneously and reduces or increase this battery of current balance to reach standard value; For example, when a batteries voltage was on the low side, controller was according to the position of each battery contact that preestablishes and store, the control motor-driven moves stand and moves, find the positive and negative contact position of this battery, control current collector then and join with it, this battery is carried out equilibrium.According to the various states or the condition of work of battery, controller can be regulated the output current of power supply 1, thereby changes euqalizing current.For example, equilibrium begins to use little electric current, big then electric current, and the later stage can reduce heavy current impact to the contact with the working method of little electric current again, prolongs the life-span of contact, and makes balanced control more accurate etc.When battery charge, controller can be according to the State Control charging current of battery pack, for example, battery pack or certain battery are when being full of electricity, the control charge switch (comprising the PWM method) reduces charging current or stops charging, treat suitable equilibrium after, begin charging again or strengthen charging current;
Contact switch is controlled by controller, can play the safeguard protection effect, for example contact adhesion or DC-DC transducer fault, and then switch cuts out and isolates getting in touch of battery pack and equalizing system electricity.Open contact switch again after adopting the contact to contact and carry out equilibrium, close the working method that the electric shock switch cuts off euqalizing current before the contact separation, can prevent to contact the generation of electric spark, reach the purpose of protection contact.This is necessary to big current balance;
Power supply 2 is not to realize that this patent principle is necessary, but it can provide the 12V DC power supply of a standard, and this is necessary for electric automobile.Again the 12V power supply being become the power supply that is fit to equilibrium through power supply 2 can be easier;
Power supply 1 also can have the bypass discharge control device, promptly by switch, and resistance, fan, the load of pump or other types is discharged; For example in when charging,,, the voltage of the low battery of voltage is heightened for the best approach that guarantees fast uniform charging charging is that the voltage of battery that voltage is high is turned down if the voltage of certain battery is higher.This process is, to high-voltage battery, stops the inversion of power supply 1, opens the bypass discharge.For low-voltage battery, process is opposite; If adopting these two processes of device of many groups contact can carry out simultaneously; Pair of contact connects power supply 1 to A-battery charging supercharging, and another connects the bypass electric discharge device to the high-tension battery step-down of discharging to the contact; This requires system that two independently mobile stand of cover and drive units will be arranged;
Two independently mobile stand of cover and drive units; Two cover motions find the highest battery of voltage and the minimum battery of voltage respectively, by stepup transformer (DC-DC) electric weight of high-voltage battery are transferred in the battery of low-voltage and are gone; The voltage and current of stepup transformer is regulated according to the state and the control strategy of battery pack by controller; The balanced little energy that consumes of this method, and the highest balanced efficient is arranged.
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| CN101976876A (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2011-02-16 | 无锡东海新能源科技有限公司 | Device and method for equalizing batteries in charging process |
| CN102427242A (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2012-04-25 | 上海市电力公司 | Lithium battery energy storage monitoring system |
| CN103532197A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-22 | 山东大学 | Power battery pack equalization circuit based on boost conversion and soft switching, and realization method |
| CN103715728A (en) * | 2012-10-06 | 2014-04-09 | 李雄业 | Equalization circuit and device for series-connected battery pack |
| CN103825253A (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2014-05-28 | 浙江超威创元实业有限公司 | Electric vehicle battery safety control device and control method |
| CN103872711A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2014-06-18 | 欣旺达电子股份有限公司 | Lithium battery charge and discharge balancing system |
| CN104483883A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-04-01 | 南京因泰莱电器股份有限公司 | Control unit for relays |
| CN104701899A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2015-06-10 | 哈尔滨智木科技有限公司 | Battery equalization management method and equalization device |
| CN106100064A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2016-11-09 | 安徽安耐捷新能源科技有限公司 | Active charge equalization system based on many DC and control method thereof |
| CN106532846A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-03-22 | 高玮 | Battery equalization system |
| CN107732331A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2018-02-23 | 浙江大学 | A kind of serial lithium battery group SOC balance control method of global optimization control |
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| US11552482B2 (en) | 2019-11-15 | 2023-01-10 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Hybrid cell balancing for high voltage battery packs |
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| CN101976876A (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2011-02-16 | 无锡东海新能源科技有限公司 | Device and method for equalizing batteries in charging process |
| CN102427242A (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2012-04-25 | 上海市电力公司 | Lithium battery energy storage monitoring system |
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| CN103532197B (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2016-02-24 | 山东大学 | Based on power battery equalization circuit and the implementation method of boosting inverter and Sofe Switch |
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| CN103825253A (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2014-05-28 | 浙江超威创元实业有限公司 | Electric vehicle battery safety control device and control method |
| CN104483883A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-04-01 | 南京因泰莱电器股份有限公司 | Control unit for relays |
| CN106100064A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2016-11-09 | 安徽安耐捷新能源科技有限公司 | Active charge equalization system based on many DC and control method thereof |
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| CN107732331A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2018-02-23 | 浙江大学 | A kind of serial lithium battery group SOC balance control method of global optimization control |
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Application publication date: 20101117 |