CN101966821B - Extended range pure electric automobile system - Google Patents
Extended range pure electric automobile system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101966821B CN101966821B CN2010105063085A CN201010506308A CN101966821B CN 101966821 B CN101966821 B CN 101966821B CN 2010105063085 A CN2010105063085 A CN 2010105063085A CN 201010506308 A CN201010506308 A CN 201010506308A CN 101966821 B CN101966821 B CN 101966821B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
Abstract
The invention discloses an extended range pure electric automobile system. A complete automobile controller, a control power supply and a DC/DC electric pressure converter are connected in turn; a brake system is connected with a driving motor; a motor controller, the driving motor and a speed change and transmission mechanism are connected in turn; the DC/DC electric pressure converter and a vehicle-mounted charger are connected with a power battery pack; an extended range power supply is connected with the vehicle-mounted charger, the power battery pack and an energy management center; the energy management center is connected with the power battery pack; and the complete automobile controller, the vehicle-mounted charger, the energy management center, an operation control mechanism, the motor controller and the speed change and transmission mechanism are connected through a communication bus. The extended range pure electric automobile system has the advantages of effectively prolonging the full charge endurance of the electric automobile, not needing a fuel generator or a fuel storage device and fulfilling the aims of purely and electrically extending the range, optimizing and prolonging the service life of the power battery pack, improving the reliability and safety performance of the complete automobile, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of range-extended electric automobile system.
Background technology
There is restriction that higher, the continuous Cheng Licheng of battery manufacturing cost conducted oneself with dignity in pure electric automobile and the high problem such as potential safety hazard that causes of short partially, charging inconvenience, fault rate; These problems can not be well solved in the short time; Really very difficult and orthodox car contends with, with influencing its status on market greatly.Under this background, each automobile superpower of the world is all in the research and development of carrying out New Generation of Electric Vehicle and contest, and stroke-increasing electric automobile is acknowledged as one of mainstream technology direction of present electronlmobil development.
Existing stroke-increasing electric automobile; Battery can be by going after the commercial power charged confession; In certain mileage scope is pure electric operation pattern, also can under optimum condition, drive generator for electricity generation by the compact internal combustion engine on the car, both can constantly charge the battery; But driving motor more shows its advantage in the long-distance running again.Electrical generator moves under optimum condition all the time; Generating efficiency is than higher; The enough vehicles of the power of its generating are stable going under certain speed range; Battery pack provides enough electric power to help electrical motor to order about vehicle launch, acceleration and climbing, thereby has avoided the excessive fuel consumption operational mode of conventional automotive engine " low load with strong power ".In addition, battery pack can reclaim vehicle brake and down-hill energy effectively.The fuel saving ratio of this stroke-increasing electric automobile can reach more than 50 percent, has vast market prospect.
Above-mentioned stroke-increasing electric automobile still needs fuel that power is provided when exceeding conventional operation mileage or power accumulator off-capacity, does not belong to pure electric automobile on the stricti jurise.This electronlmobil is on pure electric automobile, to have increased a fuel generator, also need increase simultaneously and join fuel storage device.The big problem of noise when simultaneously, also having the fuel generator operation.
The pure electronic journey pattern no one's employing always that increases; Major cause is: mostly the battery of, in the past considering is the battery with the power battery pack same type; It not as strengthening original capacity of cell, adopts the actual use of high capacity cell depth of discharge little as increasing the journey power supply; Life-span is long, therefore need not adopt to increase the journey pattern; Two, if adopt the battery of other type, its charging is different with the discharge technology requirement, and use control is a difficult point together; Three, adopt conventional control method, increase journey mode reliability and poor stability than fuel oil with increasing the reliability that the journey power supply increases journey; Four, energy content of battery density and the fuel mode thought of tradition differs greatly.
The theoretical specific energy of the aluminium-air cell that table 1 provides in China's " physics " periodical 02 phase in the 2004th " metal fuel battery " article is 8.1KWh/kg; The theoretical specific energy of lithium-air battery is 13.0kWh/kg, and the theoretical specific energy of zinc-air battery is 1.3KWh/kg.And Chinese Academy of Science production informatization net announcement Lanzhou chemical physics research institute " metal (aluminium zinc) gas battery " industrialization information demonstration aluminium-air cell product has been realized actual specific energy 320-400Wh/kg, and the zinc-air battery product has been realized actual specific energy 220～300Wh/kg.Showing in " Chinese power supply review " the 107th phase " lithium air (oxygen) battery progress " article that K.M.Abraham has introduced in the article of reporting lithium/gas battery first with gelatin polymer (PAN-PVDF) adds organic solvent and lithium salts as electrolytical lithium/gas battery; This battery open circuit voltage is near 3V, and operating voltage is between 2.0～2.8V.During catalyst-free; The cell pressure platform is that capacity reaches 1400mAh/g about 2.4～2.5V, and the energy density of the lithium-air battery of actual fabrication is nearly 10 times of lithium ion battery; And the space that improves a lot; The energy equal with gasoline can be provided, and lithium-air battery absorbs oxygen and does anode from air, and therefore this battery can be littler, lighter.
Metal mainly contains aluminium, zinc, iron, magnesium, lithium in the metal-air cell, all is the metal friendly to environment, and therefore, metal-air cell also is the environmental protection battery.
Though above-mentioned metal-air cell has very high energy density, be the environmental protection battery,, present most metal-air cell cycle lives are also very limited, and majority can only reach tens times to two, 300 times circulations, even cycle number still less.In addition; Metal-air cell need adopt replacing metal negative pole and battery acid to realize repeated usage, and therefore, " electrical changing station " pattern of employing can realize the effect of supply fast; The people in the industry also begins to develop chargeable metal-air cell, is expected to haveing breakthrough in the recent period.Because cycle life is undesirable, add reason such as can not charge, metal-air cell at present can't be as the electric automobile power battery of main flow.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem that above-mentioned stroke-increasing electric automobile exists, a kind of range-extended electric automobile system is proposed, need not fuel generator, fuel storage device, that just can realize envisioning increases the journey purpose.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above; The present invention realizes through following technical scheme: a kind of range-extended electric automobile system; Comprise entire car controller, control power supply, onboard charger, power battery pack, DC/DC electric pressure converter, operating control mechanism, electric machine controller, drive motor, brake system, speed change and transmission device; Said entire car controller, control power supply, DC/DC electric pressure converter connect successively; Said brake system is connected with drive motor, and said electric machine controller, drive motor, speed change are connected with transmission device successively, and said DC/DC electric pressure converter, onboard charger all are connected with power battery pack; Also comprise and increase journey power supply and energy management center; The said journey power supply that increases is connected with onboard charger, power battery pack, energy management center, and said energy management center is connected with power battery pack, and said entire car controller, onboard charger, energy management center, operating control mechanism, electric machine controller, speed change are connected through communication bus with transmission device.
Preferably, the said journey power supply that increases is at least a in lead-acid battery, lithium ion battery, Ni-MH battery, metal-air cell, the fuel cell; Can select for use different batteries as increasing the journey power supply according to actual conditions.
Said energy management center comprises CPU module, state-of-charge monitoring modular, electric weight balanced control module, communication module, increases the journey energy supply control module, said state-of-charge monitoring modular, electric weight balanced control module, communication module, increases the journey energy supply control module and all is connected with CPU module; State of charge monitoring modular control power accumulator group depth of discharge; Prevent battery overdischarge and overcharge; Simultaneously the power accumulator group is carried out the energy and the balance of voltage, make power battery pack reach coherence request, optimize and prolong power accumulator service life to greatest extent; Reach the manufacturing virtual battery through the balanced control module of electric weight, to realize fault condition operation continuously down.
Said communication bus is a kind of among CAN, RS-485, the Link; Communication performance is better, the comparatively simple communication bus of technology implementation.
Also comprise other electrical equipment, said other electrical equipment link to each other with power battery pack; Other electrical equipment comprise current consumers such as vehicle audio, player, air-conditioning.
Compared with prior art; Advantage of the present invention is: increase journey power supply, energy management center through setting; Prolong the mileages of continuation of electronlmobil effectively; Need not fuel generator and fuel storage device, realized purely electronicly increasing journey, optimization and prolongation power battery pack service life, improving purposes such as automobile reliability and safety performance; Energy through increasing the journey power supply with reclaim the electronlmobil brake and increase mileages of continuation with down-hill energy, simultaneously,, can be used as to increase the use of journey power supply for the slightly short storage battery of some high-energy, cycle life (like metal-air cell etc.) provides purposes; When faults such as opening circuit appears in power battery pack; The energy management center can perhaps increase the energy of journey power supply through the electric weight with all the other batteries in the power battery pack and move in the reservoir capacitance of fail battery end; Produce virtual battery, to realize fault condition operation continuously down; The energy management center also has the fault emergency function, avoids causing after the faults such as opening circuit appears in power battery pack the potential safety hazard of improper parking; Entire car controller management car load all devices mode of operation, and according to all devices after the information transmitted on the communication bus gathers, send control command to relevant equipment, realize the intellectuality of car load, make car load be in optimal operational condition.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of a kind of range-extended electric automobile of the present invention system;
Fig. 2 is the control flow chart of a kind of range-extended electric automobile of the present invention system;
Fig. 3 is the energy management centralized control diagram of circuit of a kind of range-extended electric automobile of the present invention system;
Fig. 4 is the structured flowchart at energy management center in a kind of range-extended electric automobile of the present invention system;
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of the balanced control module of electric weight in a kind of range-extended electric automobile of the present invention system;
Fig. 6 is for making the circuit diagram of virtual battery part in a kind of range-extended electric automobile of the present invention system.
The specific embodiment
Consult Fig. 1 and be a kind of range-extended electric automobile system implementation example of the present invention; A kind of range-extended electric automobile system; Comprise entire car controller 1, control power supply 2, onboard charger 3, power battery pack 7, DC/DC electric pressure converter 8, operating control mechanism 9, electric machine controller 10, drive motor 11, brake system 12, speed change and transmission device 13; Said entire car controller 1, control power supply 2, DC/DC electric pressure converter 8 connect successively; Said electric machine controller 10, drive motor 11, speed change are connected with transmission device 13 successively; Said brake system 12 is connected with drive motor 11; Said DC/DC electric pressure converter 8, onboard charger 3 all are connected with power battery pack 7; Also comprise increasing journey power supply 4 and energy management center 5, the said journey power supply 4 that increases is connected with onboard charger 3, power battery pack 7, energy management center 5, and said energy management center 5 is connected with power battery pack 7; Said entire car controller 1, onboard charger 3, energy management center 5, operating control mechanism 9, electric machine controller 10, speed change are connected through communication bus 15 with transmission device 13; Saidly increase at least a in lead-acid battery, lithium ion battery, Ni-MH battery, metal-air cell, the fuel cell of journey power supply 4, said energy management center 5 comprises CPU module 51, state-of-charge monitoring modular 52, electric weight balanced control module 53, communication module 54, increases journey energy supply control module 55, said state-of-charge monitoring modular 52, electric weight balanced control module 53, communication module 54, increases journey energy supply control module 55 and all is connected with CPU module 51; Said communication bus 15 is a kind of among CAN, RS-485, the Link; Also comprise other electrical equipment 6, said other electrical equipment 6 link to each other with power battery pack 7, and other electrical equipment 6 comprise current consumers such as vehicle audio, player, air-conditioning.
Consulting Fig. 2 is control flow chart of the present invention; Connect the switch of Control of Electric Vehicles power supply 2 and the switch of power battery pack 7; 7 of power battery pack are charged to control power supply 2 through DC/DC electric pressure converter 8; Guarantee the power supply reliability of control power supply 2, control power supply 2 simultaneously and electric energy is provided to entire car controller 1.Entire car controller 1 through CAN communication bus or RS-485, Link receive from energy tube hub 5, electric machine controller 10, operating control mechanism 9, speed change and transmission device 13 and other electrical equipment 6 self check parameters.And judge it is et out of order whether in the system, if mechanism's et out of order is arranged, then send alarm signal through telltale and sound electrooptical device immediately, the wait trouble removal.Behind System self-test, do not pinpoint the problems, car load can start, and can cruising.
Manually boot and increase the journey mode switch, manually forbid increasing journey mode switch and to increase Cheng Kaiguan automatically be a three elections switch, said three elections switch is meant a kind of of a menu option on manual mechanical switch, electronic switch or the read-out.
Automatically increase journey mode operation flow process: electronlmobil is in normal course of operation, and the program loop at energy management center 5 electrical source of power group 7 electric weight are detected is higher than the minimum Q of setting when power accumulator group 7 capacity
DownThe time, car load continues by power battery pack 7 power supplies, at the minimum Q that is lower than setting when power accumulator group 7 capacity
DownThe time; Detect whether increase the journey pattern automatically effective, if increase the journey pattern automatically when invalid, energy management center 5 can not be reinstated automatically and increased the journey pattern; System directly gets into the not enough caution program of electric weight, and electric machine controller 10 cuts off the current supply circuit of power battery pack 7 under certain conditions.Automatically increase the journey pattern when effective, then starting increases the journey operational mode automatically, and energy management center 5 is connected and increased journey power supply 4, and the electric weight that will increase journey power supply 4 is transferred in the power accumulator group 7, and promptly electronlmobil is in to increase automatically under the journey pattern and moves.
Manually increase the journey mode operation: electronlmobil is in normal course of operation; Manually increase the journey pattern when selected; System directly gets into and increases the journey operational mode; Energy management center 5 is connected and is increased journey power supply 4, and the electric weight that will increase journey power supply 4 is transferred in the power accumulator group 7, and promptly electronlmobil is in manually to increase under the journey pattern and moves.
Manually forbid increasing the journey mode operation: electronlmobil can not get under free position and increase the journey pattern, promptly is in operation under the general mode all the time, when power battery pack 7 voltages are lower than setting protection voltage, then points out the caution of energy shortage.
Electronlmobil operates in and increases under the journey pattern, and energy management center 5 loop tests increase the electric weight of journey power supply 4 and power battery pack 7, when in two power supplys, the protection voltage that is lower than setting being arranged, promptly point out the caution of energy shortage.
Which kind of pattern no matter electronlmobil be under is moved, as long as after electric machine controller 10 receives the brake signal of management system, then stops power battery pack 7 immediately to drive motor 11 output electric energy; Change into by drive motor 11 as electrical generator; Electric machine controller 10 is as increasing apparatus, and power battery pack 7 is as the battery charge loop of load, consumes the inertia energy of generation when being stopped by electronlmobil; Optimize the performance of the brake 12 of electronlmobil; And have energy-saving effect, and reaching the energy back effect, the energy management center is detected reclaiming data such as electric current, time.Specify as follows:
A. car load control: the effect of said entire car controller 1 is a management car load all devices mode of operation, and according to all devices after the information transmitted on the communication bus gathers, send control command to relevant equipment.Entire car controller 1 built-in Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) can show the running state of car load.Control power supply 2 is a storage battery that voltage is 12V, is used for the power supply of entire car controller 1 with the equipment such as car load illumination, indication of electronlmobil.DC/DC voltage changer 8 is made power supply with power battery pack 7, and is built-in to control power supply 2 charge modes, and the electric energy of the battery pack that can preferentially gain impetus is 2 chargings of control power supply, guarantees the reliability service of control power supply 2.
B. car load charging: said onboard charger 3 is mounted on the car load; Adopt high-frequency isolation formula Switching Power Supply converter technique; Use civilian alternating current 220V as power supply; Output DC stream is for power battery pack 7 and increase 4 chargings of journey power supply, increases journey power supply 4 and also can not use onboard charger 3 chargings, and car is outer to charge or makeup energy and use.Power battery pack 7 has dual mode with the charge mode that increases journey power supply 4: a kind of mode is that 3 of onboard chargers are given birth to the charge mode that is provided with, and charging is charged according to the charge mode that onboard charger 3 is provided with itself; Another kind of mode is the charging instruction that is controlled by energy management center 5; After energy management center 5 is gathered power battery pack 7 and is increased the voltage of journey power supply 4, electric current, temperature; Plug-in through energy management center 5 passes through communication bus; Onboard charger 3 is sent control command, make the suitable voltage and current of onboard charger 3 outputs.In addition, under dead ship condition, can also start and increase 7 chargings of 4 pairs of power battery pack of journey power supply, charging control is by 5 controls of energy management center.
C. car load starts: after car load control power supply 2 is connected; 1 pair of each parts of entire car controller detect; Detection part comprises: energy management center 5, power battery pack 7, increase journey power supply 4, electric machine controller 7, other electrical equipment 6 and whether be in normal condition; Be in normal condition and then can bring into operation, get into the conventional operation pattern, otherwise then will carry out trouble removal.Still to repeat above-mentioned car load start-up course behind the trouble removal.
D. conventional operation pattern: after car load starts, manipulation control mechanism 9, adjustment speed change and transmission device 13, when needs slow down or stop, operation brake 12, the position that makes it to meet the driving needs is moved; Under the conventional operation pattern, when car load was in brake, descending running state, drive motor 11 generatings through electric machine controller 10 and power battery pack 7, were carried out energy recovery.
E. increasing the journey operational mode starts: entire car controller 1 does not send and increases the minimum Q that Cheng Zhiling or power battery pack 7 capacity do not reach setting
DownThe time, increase journey power supply 4 and be in off-state.Energy management center 5 monitoring power battery pack 7 state-of-charges, and with the minimum Q that sets
DownRelatively, be lower than the minimum Q of setting when power battery pack 7 capacity
Down, perhaps manually booting when increasing Cheng Zhiling, energy management center 5 is connected and is increased journey power supply 4, and car load gets into and increases the journey mode operation.Manually boot and under any circumstance to start.
F. increase the operation of journey operational mode and end: it is identical with conventional mould operation type to increase the control of journey operational mode car load drive system.Increase in the journey mode process; Increasing journey power supply 4 makes the electric energy transmitting that increases journey power supply 4 give power battery pack 7 through energy management center 5; Perhaps directly be transferred to drive motor 11 and other electrical equipment 6, energy management center 5 monitoring power battery pack 7 capacity, and with the capping value Q of power battery pack 7 capacity
OnRelatively, as power accumulator group 7 capacity>=capping value Q
On, perhaps manually end when increasing the journey operational mode, then send by increasing the instruction of journey operational mode, by increasing the journey operational mode and getting into the conventional operation pattern.Increase under the journey operational mode, when car load was in brake, descending running state, energy recovery was carried out in drive motor 11 generatings.
G. increase journey power source charges pattern under the dead ship condition: where necessary; Need be under dead ship condition manual start-up control increase journey power source charges pattern power battery pack 7 charged; Control by the 5 pairs of chargings in energy management center in the process of charging, as power battery pack 7 capacity>=capping value Q
On, perhaps manually when increasing the journey charge mode, then send by increasing the instruction of journey charge mode, by increasing journey power supply 4, and termination routine.
Consulting Fig. 3 is energy management centralized control diagram of circuit of the present invention; The power supply of energized administrative center; Detect electrokinetic cell and increase journey power source voltage, state-of-charge, and get into normal mode of operation, whether the voltage difference between each battery of plug-in cycle criterion power battery pack is greater than V1; If each cell pressure difference of power battery pack is not during greater than V1, then balancing device quits work and returns normal mode of operation.If when the voltage difference of power battery pack during greater than V1; The energy equilibrium circuit is opened at the energy management center, between each battery of power battery pack, carries out the energy resettlement, and voltage is the higher or energy of single the battery that electric weight is more is moved in the lower or battery that electric weight is less of voltage; Make the voltage between each battery in the power battery pack all tend to consistent with electric weight; And detect each monomer voltage of power battery pack, if the pressure reduction between each battery during greater than V2 then proceed the energy equilibrium moving process, if the voltage difference between each battery of power battery pack would be during less than V2; The energy moving process is withdrawed from the energy management center, and returns normal mode of operation.
The electric weight of power battery pack is less than the minimum Q that sets
DownIn time, perhaps manually directly start when increasing the journey power supply, and administrative center gets into and increases the journey mode operation.If the electric weight of power battery pack is greater than capping value Q
OnThe time or when manually forbidding increasing the journey pattern, can then stop to increase the journey operational mode earlier in buret amount center, after return normal operation mode, otherwise directly return normal operation mode.The 5 concrete controls of energy management center are explained as follows:
A, power battery pack 7 and increase journey power supply 4 state-of-charges monitorings: energy management center 5 is through voltage sensor, current sensor, the temperature sensor of its outfit, utilization and power battery pack 7 and increase journey power supply 4 cooresponding math modelings calculate each state-of-charge constantly be electric weight what.Simultaneously, also send the data to entire car controller 1, control according to energy management centralized control flow process through communication bus.
B, power battery pack 7 and increase journey power supply 4 charging control: a kind of mode is the built-in charge mode of onboard charger 3, and charging is given birth to the charge modes that are provided with according to 3 of onboard chargers and charged; Another kind of mode is the charging instruction that is controlled by energy management center 5; After energy management center 5 is gathered power battery pack 7 and is increased the voltage of journey power supply 4, electric current, temperature; Plug-in through energy management center 5 passes through communication bus; Onboard charger 3 is sent control command, make the suitable voltage and current of onboard charger 3 outputs.In addition, under dead ship condition, can also start and increase 7 chargings of 4 pairs of power battery pack of journey power supply, charging control is by 5 controls of energy management center.
C, power battery pack 7 and increase journey power supply 4 discharge control: be in power battery pack 7 discharge processes in the car load operational process, when power battery pack 7 and increase the minimum Q that journey power supply 4 capacity are lower than setting
Down, and increase journey power supply 4 electric weight and reach work when point protection, caution can be sent through communication bus in energy management center 5.
The energy of d, power battery pack 7 and electric voltage equalization: energy management center 5 is according to the voltage status of each battery in the power battery pack 7; When voltage difference >=V1; Adopt energy resettlement balance mode that single battery in the power battery pack 7 is carried out the energy content of battery and electric voltage equalization control; And, stop the control of the energy content of battery and electric voltage equalization when voltage difference during smaller or equal to V2, make power battery pack reach coherence request at normal mode and when increasing journey pattern and quiescence; Avoid causing single battery over-discharge and overcharge, prolong the life-span of battery pack.When faults such as opening circuit appears in power battery pack 7; Energy management center 5 can perhaps increase the energy of journey power supply 4 through the electric weight with all the other batteries in the power battery pack 7 and move in the reservoir capacitance of fail battery end; Make the emergent use of virtual battery; To realize fault condition operation continuously down, avoid the potential safety hazard of improper parking.
E, energy resettlement balance mode have three kinds preferably: the one, adopt condenser energy resettlement mode; The charge pump circuit of promptly forming by two groups or more switch and one or more electric capacity; The accumulator electric-quantity that voltage in the battery pack is higher is moved in the low storage battery of voltage not; And this scheme can realize that when opening circuit appears in individual cell in the power battery pack energy that can the electric weight of all the other batteries perhaps be increased journey power supply 4 is moved in the reservoir capacitance of fail battery end, makes the emergent use of virtual battery; To realize fault condition operation continuously down, avoid the potential safety hazard of improper parking.The 2nd, adopt inductance copped wave buck mode balancer, promptly adopt the inductance step-up/step-down circuit, the electric energy of a storage battery is moved in the adjacent storage battery.The 3rd, adopt HF switch electromagnetism transform technology that the electric weight of the more storage battery of electric weight in the battery pack is moved in the lower storage battery of electric weight.
Energy recovery in f, the operational process: which kind of pattern no matter electronlmobil be under is moved; When as long as electric machine controller 10 receives the brake signal of operating control mechanism 9 or is in descending, energy management center 5 control power battery pack 7 stop to change into by drive motor 11 as electrical generator to drive motor 11 output electric energy; Electric machine controller 10 is as the energy recovery control setup; Power battery pack 7 is as the battery charge loop of load, consumes inertia energy when being stopped by electronlmobil, the performance of the brake 12 of optimization electronlmobil; And tool is energy-conservation, reaches the energy back effect.
Consulting Fig. 4 is energy management division center block diagram of the present invention; The energy management center is one and has communication function; Embedded system that can independent operating is comprising CPU module, state-of-charge monitoring modular, the balanced control module of electric weight, communication module.
The hardware of CPU module is to be made up of industrial grade micro controller system or arm processor, the storage chip of various ways, interface circuit.Mainly be to carry out data acquisition, analysis, storage, control output function.State-of-charge monitoring, voltage, electric current, temperature collect module are the charging and the discharge current detecting unit that are made up of current Hall sensor or divertor; The voltage collection circuit that electricity is made up of divider resistance is formed analog amplify circuit by the TEMP IC for one.The energy content of battery carry circuit that the balanced control module of electric weight is made up of a plurality of electric capacity and electronic switching tube, and have when one of them battery because of certain reason, in the time of can not supplying power, produce a virtual battery and replace battery bad or that be removed.Said virtual battery is meant the form through electronic circuit, obtains energy from other batteries or electric supply installation, and exports certain voltage and current, reaches the device of a performance and the similar effect of battery.Communication module is integrated USB communication interface, CAN communication interface, RS-485 communication interfaces etc. mainly are to be used for the energy management center and commercial computer, submodule and entire car controller carry out communication.
The balanced control module of electric weight comprises the charge pump circuit of being made up of two groups or more switch and one or more electric capacity, and the accumulator electric-quantity that voltage in the battery pack is higher is transferred to an electronic circuit in the lower storage battery of voltage.
Consult the circuit diagram of Fig. 5 for the balanced control module of electric weight; Output control signal through microprocessor; Connect one group of switch wherein, for example: connect the second switch KB1 of first group of switch and the second switch KB2 of second group of switch, make the first storage battery BATT1 parallelly connected with first capacitor C 1.The higher device of voltage charges to the lower device of voltage, and for example: the first storage battery BATT1 voltage is higher, and then the first storage battery BATT1 is to 1 charging of first capacitor C; Through certain hour; Electric energy in the battery is charged in the electric capacity, and close above-described one group of switch, connect first capacitor C 1 and first K switch A1 of first group of switch of the adjacent second storage battery BATT2 bonded assembly and the first K switch A2 of second group of switch; Make the first storage battery BATT2 parallelly connected with first capacitor C 1; As: first capacitor C, 1 voltage is higher, and then first capacitor C 1 is charged to the first storage battery BATT1, and the electric energy in the electric capacity is charged into storage battery.Be implemented in adjacent series connected two storage batterys, shift the electric weight in the higher storage battery of voltage to the lower storage battery of voltage.In like manner, when the second storage battery BATT2 voltage is higher, also can give the first storage battery BATT1 charging through first capacitor C 1.
In like manner, utilize electric capacity and combinational, can realize only the connect electric weight of battery pack of n (n >=2) is transferred in any battery in the series connection battery pack.
The switch in the circuit diagram 5 and the function of diode can replace with FET, can make things convenient for automatic, fast speed controlling schemes enforcement.The FET that is connected in the battery negative post that voltage is minimum in the battery pack adopts N type FET, and other all FETs adopt P type FET.
Consult Fig. 6 for making the circuit diagram of virtual battery part,, temporarily store among the electric weight of battery transferred to the reservoir capacitance parallelly connected with adjacent cell through the energy carry circuit; This moment if power battery pack to car load electric (discharge); Then by this capacitances to supply power, the energy carry circuit has high-speed handover function, can realize that the electric weight in the battery shifts to adjacent reservoir capacitance repeatedly apace; Reservoir capacitance also is recharged in discharge; And sustaining voltage, realize the effect of a virtual battery, for example: suppose that the second battery BATT2 does not exist or opens circuit; The energy carry circuit is transferred to the energy among the first battery BATT1 among the reservoir capacitance CC2 parallelly connected with the second battery BATT2, promptly realizes the effect of a virtual battery at the second battery BATT2 two ends.
Adopt technique scheme, a pure electronic stroke-increasing electric automobile, its complete vehicle weight is 400Kg; It is 160Kg that 48V120Ah (5760Wh) power lead-acid storage battery weight is installed, and simultaneously, it is that zinc-air cell is 10000Wh that installation increases the journey power supply; The about 40Kg of its weight behind the power battery pack full charge, does not start when increasing the journey operational mode; With the speed operation of cruising speed 50km/h, travelled distance is 80km on flat road, and after startup increases the journey pattern; Supposing to increase journey power delivery efficient is 0.9, and then its travelled distance can reach 205km.
Change the about 40Kg lithium-air battery of weight into if will increase the journey power supply, its energy is 56000Wh, and then its travelled distance can reach 780km.
Change the about 40Kg lithium ion battery of weight into if will increase the journey power supply, its energy is 5600Wh, and then its travelled distance can reach 150km.
The above is merely specific embodiment of the present invention, but technical characterictic of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any those skilled in the art is in the field of the invention, and the variation of being done or modify all is encompassed among the claim of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. range-extended electric automobile system; Comprise entire car controller (1), control power supply (2), onboard charger (3), power battery pack (7), DC/DC electric pressure converter (8), operating control mechanism (9), electric machine controller (10), drive motor (11), brake system (12), speed change and transmission device (13); Said entire car controller (1), control power supply (2), DC/DC electric pressure converter (8) connect successively; Said electric machine controller (10), drive motor (11), speed change are connected with transmission device (13) successively; Said brake system (12) is connected with drive motor (11); Said DC/DC electric pressure converter (8), onboard charger (3) all are connected with power battery pack (7); It is characterized in that: also comprise increasing journey power supply (4) and energy management center (5); The said journey power supply (4) that increases is connected with onboard charger (3), power battery pack (7), energy management center (5), and said energy management center (5) is connected with power battery pack (7), and said entire car controller (1), onboard charger (3), energy management center (5), operating control mechanism (9), electric machine controller (10), speed change are connected through communication bus (15) with transmission device (13).
2. a kind of range-extended electric automobile as claimed in claim 1 system is characterized in that: saidly increase at least a in lead-acid battery, lithium ion battery, Ni-MH battery, metal-air cell, the fuel cell of journey power supply (4).
3. a kind of range-extended electric automobile as claimed in claim 1 system; It is characterized in that: said energy management center (5) comprises CPU module (51), state-of-charge monitoring modular (52), electric weight balanced control module (53), communication module (54), increases journey energy supply control module (55), said state-of-charge monitoring modular (52), electric weight balanced control module (53), communication module (54), increases journey energy supply control module (55) and all is connected with CPU module (51).
4. a kind of range-extended electric automobile as claimed in claim 1 system is characterized in that: a kind of among CAN, RS-485, the Link of said communication bus (15).
5. a kind of range-extended electric automobile as claimed in claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: also comprise other electrical equipment (6), said other electrical equipment (6) link to each other with power battery pack (7).
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| CN2010105063085A CN101966821B (en) | 2010-10-14 | 2010-10-14 | Extended range pure electric automobile system |
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| CN2010105063085A CN101966821B (en) | 2010-10-14 | 2010-10-14 | Extended range pure electric automobile system |
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| CN101966821A CN101966821A (en) | 2011-02-09 |
| CN101966821B true CN101966821B (en) | 2012-08-08 |
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| CN102303541B (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2013-01-09 | 安徽安凯汽车股份有限公司 | Management method for electric quantity of storage battery for extended range type electric automobile |
| CN103101445B (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2014-12-24 | 长春易控汽车电子有限公司 | Working mode control method for range extender |
| CN102616144A (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2012-08-01 | 电子科技大学 | Method and device for controlling safe operation of electric automobile |
| CN104852418B (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2017-12-08 | 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 | It is a kind of to prevent from crossing the method and system put when battery charges |
| CN106364364B (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2018-12-21 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of control method and control device of the distance increasing unit of stroke-increasing electric automobile |
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