CN101884300A

CN101884300A - Method for culturing high-yield breeding corn

Info

Publication number: CN101884300A
Application number: CN2010102129964A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 侯雪松; 张平; 侯雪芹; 侯星
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2010-06-30
Filing date: 2010-06-30
Publication date: 2010-11-17

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for culturing high-yield breeding corn, which is prepared by taking corn seed varieties including American Reid yellow dent M17, B3 andL105, DK656, Jugoslavian S704, Russian Nashville S04, Lancaster, Thai-corn, Zhongdan and Germanic fuernan as basic varieties and by multi-generation and multiple cross breeding and selection. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, producing an A generation by using the Reid yellow dent as a male parent and using the Russian Nashville as a female parent; secondly, producing a B generation by using the Reid as the male parent and using the Thai-corn as the female parent; thirdly, producing a C generation by using the Reid as the male parent and using the Zhongdan as the female parent; fourthly, producing a D generation by using the Reid as the male parent and using the Germanic fuernan the female parent; fifthly, producing an X generation by using the A generation as the male parent and using the B generation as the female parent; sixthly, producing a Y generation by using the C generation as the male parent and using the D generation as the female parent; seventhly, producing a W generation by using the X generation as a stock and using the Y generation Y as a scion; eighthly, processing the rest in the same way for selection; and finally, determining the variety with high stability and consistency.

Description

The breeding method of continuous kind of the corn of a kind of high yield

Technical field:

The invention belongs to the breeding method of cereal crops, the cultivation method of continuous kind of the corn of particularly a kind of high yield.

Background technology:

Zea annual herb plant, formal name used at school Zea mays L. (claiming maize again) strain form height is big, the wide length of blade, male and female flowering homophyletic dystopy, male inflorescence length is at the top of plant, and female inflorescence (fringe) and given birth between the axil of middle and upper part, is the annual crop of different flower (strain) pollination.There are maize, ear of maize, maize, maize maize etc. to be commonly called as, originate from South America.The American Indian in preceding America in 7000 has just begun maize planting.After Columbus finds the New World, corn has been taken to Spain, along with the development of world's shipping industry, corn has passed to all over the world gradually, and becomes one of most important cereal crops.About mid-term in 16th century, China begins to introduce corn greatly, and 18th century were passed to India again.Up to the present, all there is corn planting different continents, and corn becomes topmost forage crop.Worldwide, although also have forage crop such as barley, oat, Chinese sorghum, its output is compared with corn, is angle, one of iceberg really.Corn accounts for more than 65% of world's coarse food grain output, accounts for 90% of China's coarse food grain output.Corn is a main raw material of making mixed feed, generally accounts for 80%, and all the other 20% are high protein additives such as dregs of beans or fish meal.

In world cereal, maize planting area and gross yield are only second to wheat, paddy rice and occupy the 3rd, and average per unit area yield then ranks first.,, can both plant to 42 ° in south latitude from 58 ° of north latitude from the high altitude localities more than the Chinese Xinjiang Turpan Basin to 3600 that is lower than the sea level meter.Maximum with North America, be Asia, Latin America, Europe etc. secondly.The 2nd in the maize culture area of China and the gross yield Jun Ju world.Concentrate to be distributed in from northeast in this oblique microscler area is walked southwester in North China, its cultivated area accounts for national corn area 85%.

Current era, China's corn variety is compared with the U.S., Europe, also have big gap to the quality aspect from output, how to have external kind now the corn govern-house-variety with China and combine, cultivating better corn variety is the key subjects that China agricultural science and technology worker must face.

Summary of the invention:

The breeding method that the purpose of this invention is to provide continuous kind of the corn of a kind of high yield.

Purpose of the present invention realizes according to following proposal:

The breeding method of continuous kind of the corn of a kind of high yield, adopt the yellow horse tooth of the auspicious moral of american corn seed M17, B73, L105, DK656, Yugoslavia S704, Russia Wei Er 44 and Lance spy, safe beautiful, middle single, your orchid that inspires confidence in of Germany is basic kind, through too much generation, multiple cross is bred, choosing is washed in a pan and is formed, the yellow horse tooth of auspicious moral is made male parent, Russia Wei Er makes female parent and produces A generation, Rui De makes male parent, and the safe beautiful female parent of doing produces B generation, and auspicious moral is made male parent, middle nonoculture is maternal to produce C generation, Rui De makes male parent, and Germany inspires confidence in that you are blue to do the maternal D of generation generation, makes male parent with A generation again, B produces X generation for making female parent, make male parent with C generation, D is for doing the maternal Y of generation generation, makes stock with X generation again, Y produces W generation for doing scion, by that analogy, it is naughty to select, and determines stability and uniformity kind preferably at last.

Five kinds that choosing is washed in a pan out all demonstrate better quality.

It is yellow that kind 1, seed are, and maximum fringe weighs 336 grams, and 25 centimetres of spike lengths Duo 160 grams than the U.S.'s yellow horse tooth fringe is heavy, than the safe beautiful kind fringe of introducing heavy Duo 120 restrain; Can continue kind as seed, stability, uniformity is good;

Kind 2, seed are white, and maximum fringe weighs 293 grams, and is very rare;

Kind 3, seed are aubergine, and maximum fringe weighs 302 grams;

Kind 4, kind 5 are sweet corn, and not only seed is sweet, and stalk also is sweet, and still, the fringe position is too high, a little less than the lodging resistance.

More than five kinds all can continue kind.

Embodiment:

Cross method: cross method and step are mainly and regulate flowering stage, roguing, isolate, adopt powder, pollination and results etc.

1, regulates flowering stage

Corn is because unisexual flower, aspect regulating flowering stage, must make florescence of tassel of maternal female fringe and male parent consistent.Regulate the florescence of father, female parent with the method for interval sowing.

2, roguing

Father, female parent all should be selected robust growth, no damage by disease and insect and have the plant of this kind typicalness shape, as the hybridization object.

3, bagging is isolated

Exposed when the female fringe of maternal plant and do not stretched out before the column cap, packaged female fringe with kraft paper bag.When the female fringe of female parent begins to extract column cap out, be enclosed within kraft paper bag on the tassel of paternal plant on the same day, the paper bag of female, tassel will be tightened with cord or clip, in order to avoid come off.

4, adopt powder

Adopting the powder time should select father, maternal full-bloom stage and select the morning 8～10 o'clock to adopt powder.When gathering pollen, the male parent tassel is curved slightly down, and shake gently collects pollen, will prevent when adopting powder that the pollen of other kind from sneaking into the artificial supplementary pollination device.

5, pollination

During pollination, take off the paper bag on the female fringe earlier, aim at the column cap of female fringe immediately with the end opening of artificial supplementary pollination device, shake pollenator gently, pollen is dropped on the column cap.

After the pollination, still female fringe is packaged, but should between bag top and fringe top, reserve certain distance, bursting paper bag to prevent the elongation of cause and effect fringe with original paper bag.After paper bag packages, should fix playing cards (or plastics board), write a content such as hybrid combination, pollination date and operator's name exactly at female fringe base portion.

Results

After the maternal fruit ear maturation, should gather in the crops separately together with playing cards (or plastics board), and preservation separately, whether successful for sowing check hybridization in the coming year.

Claims

1. a high yield continues the breeding method of planting corn, adopt the yellow horse tooth of the auspicious moral of american corn seed M17, B73, L105, DK656, Yugoslavia S704, Russia Wei Er 44 and Lance spy, safe beautiful, middle single, your orchid that inspires confidence in of Germany is basic kind, through too much generation, multiple cross is bred, choosing is washed in a pan and is formed, the yellow horse tooth of auspicious moral is made male parent, Russia Wei Er makes female parent and produces A generation, Rui De makes male parent, and the safe beautiful female parent of doing produces B generation, and auspicious moral is made male parent, middle nonoculture is maternal to produce C generation, Rui De makes male parent, and Germany inspires confidence in that you are blue to do the maternal D of generation generation, makes male parent with A generation again, B produces X generation for making female parent, make male parent with C generation, D is for doing the maternal Y of generation generation, makes stock with X generation again, Y produces W generation for doing scion, by that analogy, it is naughty to select, and determines stability and uniformity kind preferably at last.