CN101883956A - 用于太阳能系统的屋顶结构 - Google Patents

用于太阳能系统的屋顶结构 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN101883956A
CN101883956A CN2007801002873A CN200780100287A CN101883956A CN 101883956 A CN101883956 A CN 101883956A CN 2007801002873 A CN2007801002873 A CN 2007801002873A CN 200780100287 A CN200780100287 A CN 200780100287A CN 101883956 A CN101883956 A CN 101883956A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
top board
house top
board spare
glass house
roof
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN2007801002873A
Other languages
English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
M·珀斯南斯基
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CN101883956A publication Critical patent/CN101883956A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/40—Thermal components
    • H02S40/44—Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/17—Ventilation of roof coverings not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0046—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
    • F24S20/67—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of roof constructions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/50—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings
    • F24S80/58—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings characterised by their mountings or fixing means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S90/00—Solar heat systems not otherwise provided for
    • F24S90/10—Solar heat systems not otherwise provided for using thermosiphonic circulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
    • H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
    • H02S20/23—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings specially adapted for roof structures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S2020/10—Solar modules layout; Modular arrangements
    • F24S2020/13—Overlaying arrangements similar to roof tiles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S2020/10—Solar modules layout; Modular arrangements
    • F24S2020/17—Arrangements of solar thermal modules combined with solar PV modules
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y02A30/272—Solar heating or cooling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids
CN2007801002873A 2007-06-25 2007-06-25 用于太阳能系统的屋顶结构 Pending CN101883956A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CH2007/000314 WO2009000091A1 (de) 2007-06-25 2007-06-25 Dachaufbau für ein solarsystem

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN101883956A true CN101883956A (zh) 2010-11-10

Family

ID=39166656

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN2007801002873A Pending CN101883956A (zh) 2007-06-25 2007-06-25 用于太阳能系统的屋顶结构

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20110041428A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2174068A1 (de)
CN (1) CN101883956A (de)
CA (1) CA2691856A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2009000091A1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102733552A (zh) * 2012-06-07 2012-10-17 曹树梁 玻璃中空房顶
CN106357205A (zh) * 2016-11-01 2017-01-25 常州天合光能有限公司 倾斜屋面防水型光伏组件安装装置
CN112673566A (zh) * 2018-08-01 2021-04-16 Ibis电力控股有限公司 太阳能面板系统

Families Citing this family (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009124409A2 (de) * 2008-04-08 2009-10-15 Posnansky, Frank Vorrichtung zum erzeugen von solarstrom
FR2944818B1 (fr) * 2009-04-22 2016-12-16 Systovi Installation de panneaux photovoltaiques
US8511006B2 (en) * 2009-07-02 2013-08-20 Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc Building-integrated solar-panel roof element systems
US20120024283A1 (en) * 2010-07-30 2012-02-02 Skillman Dale N Hybrid Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Collector
US20120096781A1 (en) * 2010-10-20 2012-04-26 Bruce Romesburg Structural Insulated Monolithic Photovoltaic Solar-Power Roof and Method of Use Thereof
EP2487727A1 (de) * 2011-02-14 2012-08-15 Renusol GmbH Solargenerator mit aktiver Hinterlüftung
CA2739766C (en) 2011-05-10 2016-08-23 Robert Richardson Roof solar panel for conventional sloping roof and shingle integration
US8782972B2 (en) 2011-07-14 2014-07-22 Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc Solar roofing system
WO2013081478A1 (en) 2011-11-30 2013-06-06 Zinniatek Limited Photovoltaic systems
JP6371220B2 (ja) 2011-11-30 2018-08-08 ジニアテック リミテッド 屋根葺き、被覆、またはサイディング製品、その製造方法、および太陽光エネルギー回収システムの部品としてのその用途
ITTO20120471A1 (it) * 2012-05-31 2013-12-01 Ikarus Solarsysteme S R L Impianto fotovoltaico
CN104797765B (zh) * 2012-11-08 2017-08-25 D·卡梅伦 用于太阳能板安装的模块结构系统
US9954480B2 (en) 2013-05-23 2018-04-24 Zinnatek Limited Photovoltaic systems
CN103321389B (zh) * 2013-07-09 2015-05-13 钱秀英 多层住宅的排风通道用无动力风帽
US9765522B2 (en) * 2013-08-28 2017-09-19 Paul Joseph Bilbrey Skylight assembly with specific shading devices to minimize thermal heat and excessive light from high angle sunlight
US9294032B2 (en) 2013-11-08 2016-03-22 Robert Richardson Modular roof solar panel for conventional roof and roofing integration
CN111981706A (zh) * 2014-03-07 2020-11-24 兹尼亚泰克有限公司 太阳热能屋顶系统
EP3227507B1 (de) 2014-12-01 2020-04-01 Zinniatek Limited Dachdeck-, verkleidungs- oder aussenverkleidungsvorrichtung
CA2969083A1 (en) 2014-12-01 2016-06-09 Zinniatek Limited A roofing, cladding or siding product
JP6622655B2 (ja) * 2016-06-09 2019-12-18 株式会社日立製作所 自然換気システムおよび建屋
US10879842B2 (en) 2016-10-17 2020-12-29 Zinniatek Limited Roofing, cladding or siding module or apparatus
US10651781B2 (en) * 2017-08-24 2020-05-12 Corning Incorporated Glass roof shingle
US11702840B2 (en) 2018-12-19 2023-07-18 Zinniatek Limited Roofing, cladding or siding module, its manufacture and use
DE102019112799A1 (de) * 2019-05-15 2020-11-19 Paxos Consulting & Engineering GmbH & Co. KG Photovoltaikdachpfanne mit Nutzung der Abwärme
CN112013554B (zh) * 2020-09-08 2021-12-14 四川宏景阳城市建设开发有限公司 一种防潮式反光屋顶及其防潮方法

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3254643A (en) * 1960-07-29 1966-06-07 Harry E Thomason Solar heat apparatus
SE384913B (sv) * 1974-03-27 1976-05-24 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Anordning vid utnyttjande av solenergi for uppvermning av byggnader
CH593460A5 (de) * 1975-02-28 1977-11-30 Battelle Memorial Institute
FR2500134A1 (fr) * 1981-02-19 1982-08-20 Villalon Michel Revetement solaire
US4438723A (en) * 1981-09-28 1984-03-27 Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. Multiple chamber deposition and isolation system and method
FR2515323A1 (fr) * 1981-10-26 1983-04-29 Heidet Jacques Installation de recuperation d'air chaud dans un batiment
DE3247467A1 (de) * 1982-12-22 1984-07-12 Imchemie Kunststoff Gmbh, 5632 Wermelskirchen Lichtdurchlaessiger dachstein
DE3608197A1 (de) * 1986-03-12 1987-09-17 Ottensmeyer Hans Ulrich Glas-satteldach-luftkollektor zur versorgung einer waermepumpe oder eines waermetauschers
DE3933734A1 (de) * 1989-10-10 1991-04-11 Slavik Paul Dipl Ing Arch Vorrichtung zur gewinnung von waerme aus sonnenenergie an gebaeuden
JP3220934B2 (ja) * 1996-07-17 2001-10-22 キヤノン株式会社 太陽電池モジュールを用いたハイブリッドパネル
DE29619119U1 (de) * 1996-09-23 1998-01-22 Atlantis Solar Systeme Ag Photovoltaisches Solardach
US5935343A (en) * 1998-03-13 1999-08-10 Hollick; John Carl Combined solar collector and photovoltaic cells
EP1208335A1 (de) * 1999-11-18 2002-05-29 John P. Archibald Flacher dachziegel mit gewinnung von solarenergie
DE10034655A1 (de) * 2000-07-16 2002-01-24 Guenter Busch Vorrichtung zur Nutzung der Sonnenenergie
JP2002141540A (ja) * 2000-10-31 2002-05-17 Canon Inc 電力変換装置一体型太陽電池モジュール
NL1017410C2 (nl) * 2001-02-20 2002-08-22 Franciscus Antonius Ma Heijden Dakconstructie voorzien van zonnecellen.

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102733552A (zh) * 2012-06-07 2012-10-17 曹树梁 玻璃中空房顶
CN102733552B (zh) * 2012-06-07 2014-10-15 曹树梁 玻璃中空房顶
CN106357205A (zh) * 2016-11-01 2017-01-25 常州天合光能有限公司 倾斜屋面防水型光伏组件安装装置
CN112673566A (zh) * 2018-08-01 2021-04-16 Ibis电力控股有限公司 太阳能面板系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20110041428A1 (en) 2011-02-24
EP2174068A1 (de) 2010-04-14
WO2009000091A1 (de) 2008-12-31
WO2009000091A8 (de) 2010-02-18
CA2691856A1 (en) 2008-12-31

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN101883956A (zh) 用于太阳能系统的屋顶结构
Michael et al. Flat plate solar photovoltaic–thermal (PV/T) systems: A reference guide
DK1451507T3 (en) Lumber construction (roof chair) with structurally integrated collector
EP2904334B1 (de) Solarlufterwärmungs-/kühlsystem
US8857124B2 (en) Weatherproof building envelope
US20120060902A1 (en) System and method for frameless laminated solar panels
US9103563B1 (en) Integrated thermal module and back plate structure and related methods
US20060124276A1 (en) Solar energy system
CN101876210A (zh) 主、被动结合式变色太阳房
CN1831447A (zh) 太阳能光伏发电——热水器复合组件及系统
CN101725223B (zh) 太阳能热电一体化电站屋顶
CN203049829U (zh) 一种利用光伏发电的宽通道双层通风外墙
CN201730353U (zh) 主、被动结合式变色太阳房
CN101737963B (zh) 建筑构件化太阳能空气集热器
CN104094798B (zh) 具有余热回收功能的自适应恒温保湿光伏农业棚架一体系统
CH699140B1 (de) Dachaufbau für ein Solarsystem.
CN103410243A (zh) 一种利用光伏发电的宽通道双层通风外墙
CN205712791U (zh) 一种太阳能集成屋面
CN210688958U (zh) 一种太空能智能烘焙设备
JP2002174018A (ja) 壁材及びソーラシステム建物
JPH08222753A (ja) 太陽電池装置
CN202957272U (zh) 太阳能光电瓦
CN101100891A (zh) 与建筑屋顶结构一体化的太阳能利用集成系统
US20120216853A1 (en) Integrated solar energy system
Tonui et al. Ventilation benefit accrued from PV module installed in building

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C02 Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001)
WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication

Application publication date: 20101110