CN101881688B - Standard distribution sample for detecting comprehensive performance of environmental chamber and detection method thereof - Google Patents
Standard distribution sample for detecting comprehensive performance of environmental chamber and detection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101881688B CN101881688B CN2010102025630A CN201010202563A CN101881688B CN 101881688 B CN101881688 B CN 101881688B CN 2010102025630 A CN2010102025630 A CN 2010102025630A CN 201010202563 A CN201010202563 A CN 201010202563A CN 101881688 B CN101881688 B CN 101881688B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a standard distribution sample for detecting comprehensive performance of an environmental chamber and a detection method thereof and belongs to the field of indoor environment detection. The sample comprises a polytetrafluoroethylene cylindrical container of which the upper end is opened, organic volatile matter VOC liquid accommodated in the container, a barrier layer arranged on the upper end face of the cylindrical container and a sealing device fixing the barrier layer. The method comprises the following steps of: establishing a model; measuring the ventilation rate of the environmental chamber to be detected; placing the sample in the environmental chamber to be detected, placing the sample on an electronic balance, and recording the mass change of the standard distribution sample in real time; when the environmental chamber is in a sealed state, distributing the VOC liquid in the cylindrical container, calculating a distribution rate with the model according to the mass change, and calculating VOC concentration in the environmental chamber; acquiring the VOC concentration at an outlet of the environmental chamber in real time; and comparing the measured value and the calculated value of the VOC concentration to evaluate the comprehensive performance of the environmental chamber. The standard distribution sample and the detection method for the standard distribution sample have the advantages of simpleness and convenience, easy operation and relatively high precision and reliability.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to indoor environment check field, the liquid-membrane type organic volatile rate of release that particularly is used for combination properties such as environmental chamber cabin body leakproofness, air-flow mixing uniformity and wall adsorbability in the sensing chamber is demarcated with standard distribution sample and detection method thereof.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the raising of living standards of the people, indoor air quality more and more is subject to people's attention.Indoor air pollution causes very big influence to indoor air quality, thereby has influenced people's comfortable, health and work efficiency.The factor that influences indoor air quality is a lot, and indoor organic volatile matter (VOC) excessive concentration is to cause indoor air quality inferior, causes the one of the main reasons of Cure of Sick Building Syndrome.Indoor, VOC is mainly derived from distributing of various ornament materials, therefore, is necessary the VOC situation of distributing of article such as building materials, furniture and office electrical equipment is monitored.Having proposed correlation technique at present detects these performances, the general environmental chamber that adopts is monitored the VOC situation of distributing of detected materials, for obtaining testing result accurately, at first to estimate comprehensive performance of environmental chamber (comprising leakproofness, homogeneity and wall adsorbability); For example a kind of standard distribution sample and detection method thereof that is used for testing environment cabin combination property, pure VOC liquid is poured in the glass tube, make standard distribution sample, and place environmental chamber to let alone freely to distribute this standard distribution sample, by VOC concentration experiment value in the environmental chamber that the environmental chamber test macro is directly tested out, with VOC concentration calculated value contrast in the environmental chamber that calculates by this standard distribution sample mass attenuation of balance weighing, can estimate this comprehensive performance of environmental chamber.But this method is subjected to the convection current diffusion influence bigger, so the rotating speed of the cabin blower fan that will control environment, when there was fluctuation in the wind speed of the glass mouth of pipe, the accuracy aspect of this standard distribution sample had much room for improvement.And the model that this method the is described indoor VOC concentration iterative of need programming is not easy to engineering and applies.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of existing detection method to environmental chamber performance evaluation, a kind of standard distribution sample and detection method thereof that is used for testing environment cabin combination property proposed, easy, the easy operating of standard distribution sample of the present invention and detection method thereof has higher accuracy and confidence.
For achieving the above object, the present invention proposes a kind of standard distribution sample that is used for testing environment cabin combination property, it is characterized in that this sample comprises the unlimited teflon cylindrical container in upper end, places the organic volatile VOC liquid of container, places the barrier layer of this cylindrical container upper surface to reach the fixedly packoff of barrier layer.
The present invention also proposes the method with the combination property in above-mentioned standard distribution sample testing environment cabin, comprises the steps:
1) set up the organic volatile compound liquid VOC emission rate in the standard distribution sample and be to the model of the influence of concentration in the environmental chamber:
In this model, m is an emission rate, and unit is kg/s; M be electronic balance claim the quality of standard distribution sample, unit is kg; T is the time, and unit is s; D
eBe the coefficient of diffusion of VOC, unit is m
2/ s; L is the thickness of barrier layer, and unit is m; C
sDepress the saturation concentration of VOC for saturated vapour, unit is kg/m
3C (t) is a VOC concentration in the environmental chamber, and unit is kg/m
3A is the sectional area that waits cylindrical container, and unit is m
2Q is the ventilation of environmental chamber, and unit is m
3/ s; V is the environmental chamber volume, and unit is m
3
2) measure environmental chamber ventilation Q to be detected;
3) liquid-membrane type organic volatile release standard is distributed sample and place environmental chamber to be detected, and be positioned on the electronic balance, electronic balance connects computer by data line, but the mass change of real time record standard distribution sample; Under the state of environmental chamber sealing, allow VOC liquid freely distributes in the cylindrical container, experimental period is no less than 24 hours;
4) calculate emission rate according to the balance mass change earlier with the described model of step 1), calculate VOC concentration C (t) in the environmental chamber then; Gather the VOC concentration in exit, measurement environment cabin in real time with gas chromatograph;
5) the VOC concentration with described measured value and Model Calculation contrasts in real time, by comparing the relative error of calculated value and measured value, estimates the combination property of environmental chamber.
Characteristics of the present invention and effect:
Standard distribution sample of the present invention and detection method thereof, adopt pure VOC liquid to add the source of distributing of the composite construction constant rate of speed of barrier layer, distribute rule and the transmission rule of VOC in environmental chamber by what study that this distributes the source, and the combination property that relatively reflects environmental chamber by calculated value and measured value, the deficiency of the every performance of independent detection environmental chamber before having avoided, and can overcome Influences on Wind Velocity and complicated iterative computation in the patent before this, easy, the easy operating of the method has higher accuracy and confidence.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that liquid of the present invention-membrane type organic volatile release standard distributes sample structure figure
Fig. 2 is the preprocessing process of barrier layer.
Fig. 3 is the general illustration that liquid of the present invention-the membrane type standard distribution sample detects in environmental chamber.
Fig. 4 is the quality linear attenuation of liquid of the present invention-membrane type standard distribution sample actual measurement when using
Embodiment
Standard distribution sample that is used for testing environment cabin combination property that the present invention proposes and detection method thereof reach embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and are described in detail as follows:
Standard distribution sample of the present invention, for liquid-membrane type organic volatile release standard distributes sample, its structure as shown in Figure 1,
This sample comprises that teflon cylindrical container 11, the organic volatile VOC liquid 12 that places container that opens wide the upper end, the barrier layer 13 that places this cylindrical container upper surface reach the fixedly packoff of barrier layer.
Packoff is by two teflon gaskets 141 that are placed on the barrier layer top and bottom, be placed in outside two teflon gaskets, and teflon top hollow out bottle cap 142 formations that are threaded with cylindrical container, this bottle cap is pressed on described teflon cylindrical container upper surface with these two teflon gaskets.
The standard distribution sample of present embodiment adopts cylindrical container 11 to be of a size of Φ 42mm (external diameter) * 46mm (height), and teflon gasket 141 thickness are 1mm, and barrier layer 13 thickness are 1.5mm, for choosing analytically pure toluene (C
7H
8) as VOC liquid 12, the volume that charges into of initial toluene is 40ml.
Detailed process as shown in Figure 2.Barrier layer 13 is placed glass container 21, by heating of 22 pairs of annular heating jackets, one side of glass container 21 connects gas cylinder 24 by flow control valve 23, opposite side connects vacuum pump 25, because pressure differential, the clean gas that does not the contain VOC glass container of flowing through is taken away the VOC that release is analysed in the barrier layer pyrolysis.Whole process generally needs to continue 72 hours.
Detection method of the present invention as shown in Figure 3, in the environmental chamber 31 to be detected agitation fan 32 is installed, the cabin body is provided with import 331, outlet 332, is provided with gas chromatograph (GC) 34 and exports 332 and be connected out of my cabin, and is provided with temperature sampling instrument 351 and force samples instrument 352.Be placed with little balance 36 in the cabin, liquid-membrane type organic volatile release standard is distributed sample 37 and places on little balance 36.
The detection method of present embodiment may further comprise the steps:
1) set up in the standard distribution sample organic volatile liquid VOC emission rate and to the model of the influence of concentration in the environmental chamber: VOC sees through barrier layer and distributes to environmental chamber in cylindrical container, this process is a diffusion mass transfer process, can describe with following model:
(1) molecule should be C
s-C (t), because C (t)＜＜C
sSo, can neglect the influence of C (t) when calculating emission rate.In this model, m is an emission rate, and unit is kg/ (m
2S); M be electronic balance claim the quality of packoff, unit is kg; T is the time, and unit is s, and emission rate is constant when stablizing, and M should be linear attenuation as shown in Figure 4; D
eBe the coefficient of diffusion of VOC in barrier layer, unit is m
2/ s; C (t) is a VOC concentration in the environmental chamber, and unit is kg/m
3C
sBe the VOC concentration in the equal diameter pipe, can think that saturated vapour depresses corresponding concentration; L is the thickness of barrier layer, and unit is m; Q is a ventilation, and unit is m
3/ s; V is the environmental chamber volume, and unit is m
3(1) formula shows that emission rate is a constant.
2) measure environmental chamber ventilation Q to be detected;
3) open 30m
3The air-conditioning system of environmental chamber and agitation fan, liquid-membrane type organic volatile release standard is distributed sample place environmental chamber to be detected, and be positioned on the electronic balance, electronic balance connects computer by data line, but the mass change of real time record standard distribution sample; Shut the hatch door of environmental chamber, allow this standard distribution sample in environmental chamber, freely spread; Under the state of environmental chamber sealing, allow VOC liquid freely distributes in this standard distribution sample, experimental period is no less than 24 hours;
4) calculate emission rate according to the balance mass change earlier with the described model of step 1), calculate VOC concentration C (t) in the environmental chamber then; Gather the VOC concentration in exit, measurement environment cabin in real time with gas chromatograph (GC);
5) result of calculation with this measured value and model contrasts, to estimate the combination property of environmental chamber.If the mean value of the relative error of each time point concentration measurement and Model Calculation value in 15%, illustrates that then the combination property of environmental chamber is up to standard.Principle of the present invention: environmental chamber exit VOC concentration can be tried to achieve in the equation in the solving model (1) and (2), and this is good for combination properties such as the leakproofness of environmental chamber, homogeneity and wall adsorbabilities, be in the exit concentration under the ideal state; Simultaneously, exit concentration with the real-time measurement environment cabin of gas chromatograph (GC), this is in exit concentration under the practical situation for the leakproofness of environmental chamber, homogeneity and wall adsorbability, if the mean value of the relative error of each time point concentration measurement and Model Calculation value in 15%, illustrates that then the combination property of environmental chamber is up to standard.
Claims (1)
1. a method that adopts standard distribution sample test atmosphere cabin combination property is characterized in that,
This sample comprises the unlimited teflon cylindrical container in upper end, places the organic volatile VOC liquid of container, places the barrier layer of this cylindrical container upper surface to reach the fixedly packoff of barrier layer;
Comprise the steps:
1) set up the influence model of the organic volatile liquid VOC emission rate of standard distribution sample to concentration in the environmental chamber:
In this model, m is an emission rate, and unit is kg/s; M be electronic balance claim the quality of standard distribution sample, unit is kg; T is the time, and unit is s; D
eBe the coefficient of diffusion of VOC, unit is m
2/ s; L is the thickness of barrier layer, and unit is m; C
sDepress the saturation concentration of VOC for saturated vapour, unit is kg/m
3C (t) is a VOC concentration in the environmental chamber, and unit is kg/m
3A is the sectional area of cylindrical container, and unit is m
2Q is the ventilation of environmental chamber, and unit is m
3/ s; V is the environmental chamber volume, and unit is m
3
2) measure environmental chamber ventilation Q to be detected;
3) standard distribution sample is placed environmental chamber to be detected, and be positioned on the electronic balance, electronic balance connects computer by data line, the mass change of real time record standard distribution sample; Under the state of environmental chamber sealing, allow VOC liquid freely distributes in the cylindrical container, experimental period is no less than 24 hours;
4) with the described model of step 1) earlier according to electronic balance claim mass change calculate emission rate, calculate VOC concentration C (t) in the environmental chamber then; Gather the VOC concentration in environmental chamber exit in real time with gas chromatograph;
5) the VOC concentration measurement in above-mentioned environmental chamber exit and the VOC concentration value of Model Calculation are contrasted,, estimate out the combination property of environmental chamber by comparing the relative error of calculated value and measured value.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102025630A CN101881688B (en) | 2010-06-13 | 2010-06-13 | Standard distribution sample for detecting comprehensive performance of environmental chamber and detection method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102025630A CN101881688B (en) | 2010-06-13 | 2010-06-13 | Standard distribution sample for detecting comprehensive performance of environmental chamber and detection method thereof |
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| CN101881688A CN101881688A (en) | 2010-11-10 |
| CN101881688B true CN101881688B (en) | 2011-12-28 |
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| CN2323229Y (en) * | 1998-04-03 | 1999-06-09 | 朱建中 | Improved pipe joint |
| CN100570306C (en) * | 2008-06-25 | 2009-12-16 | 清华大学 | A kind of standard distribution sample and detection method thereof that is used for testing environment cabin combination property |
| CN101650291B (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2010-11-03 | 清华大学 | Test method for measuring mass transfer characteristic parameter of barrier layer on building material surface |
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