CN101880186B - Application of mixed and compounded turf matrix in promoting growth of ryegrass - Google Patents
Application of mixed and compounded turf matrix in promoting growth of ryegrass Download PDFInfo
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- CN101880186B CN101880186B CN2010101911865A CN201010191186A CN101880186B CN 101880186 B CN101880186 B CN 101880186B CN 2010101911865 A CN2010101911865 A CN 2010101911865A CN 201010191186 A CN201010191186 A CN 201010191186A CN 101880186 B CN101880186 B CN 101880186B
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Abstract
The invention relates to application of a mixed and compounded turf matrix in promoting the growth of ryegrass of lawn plants. The germination percentage, the growth height, the single plant net photosynthesis amount, the dry and fresh ratio, and indexes of chlorophyll A, chlorophyll B, carotenoid and the like in the cytochrome are measured and compared, results show that crushed larch bits and fined life refuse are compounded to be beneficial to the growth of the ryegrass, all indexes are remarkable and higher than those of a contrast group, wherein the ratios of 28+2, 27+3 and 26+4 are relatively better. A given mass of larch bits is added into the fine municipal solid waste compost according to the particle size to promote the growth of the lawn plants (ryegrass). It proves that the compounded raw materials can improve the property of the matrix, have a certain nutrition function, and ensure that the turf matrix and the root system of the lawn plants have better bonding effect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental protection technical field, relate to reasonable, the safe handling method of producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life.A kind of compounded turf matrix that mixes assembly say so more specifically in the application that promotes aspect the growth of lawn plant rye grass.
Background technology
In recent years, along with growth in the living standard, the recycling of domestic refuse has become the focus in the most promising field and research in the environment protection with utilizing problem again.Improving constantly of Along with people's standard of living; The quantity of domestic refuse also increases accordingly; Therefore caused that a large amount of rubbish is irrational to be stacked in the edge in city and can to take a large amount of land resources, not only be unfavorable for the attractive in appearance of city but also HUMAN HEALTH is brought extremely adverse influence.
Domestic refuse is applied to the plantation of turfgrass, and the space that both having helped beautifies the environment depends on us for existence improves, and can reach the purpose of the recovery and the utilization of domestic refuse again.Simultaneously, domestic refuse is applied to the plantation on lawn, but can also practice thrift out a large amount of anthropogenic soils, agroecosystem is bought go to pot.But domestic refuse has the shortcoming of himself, and the growth on lawn is had its adverse influence.Through carrying out assembly, can weaken the influence of rubbish itself to grass with other materials.In addition, because assembly matrix has water retention, can reduce the total water amount, reach water-saving purpose.And have certain nutrient, can self nutritive substance be provided.Under northern China arid, semiarid weather, the growth of lawn plant has very big realistic meaning.Therefore, which kind of selects for use join material and rubbish carries out assembly, which kind of ratio to carry out assembly, the relation of domestic refuse between the situation of the growth of the application of lawn matrix and lawn plant had crucial meaning according to.
At present, producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life has certain report as the research that matrix is used for turf establishment.In addition, the thick compost of undressed domestic waste is used existing report in the drought resisting of lawn, but poor effect does not tackle the problem at its root.From existing research; Research for garbage compost in the past focuses mostly in the integral body utilization of thick compost; If extensive like this way prolonged application in the growth of soil or plant, not only can be destroyed the microenvironment of soil, and also be disadvantageous for improving efficiency of resource.If consumer garbage compost is handled the different particle diameter of formation through kibbler; Thereby remove the too much objectionable impurities of accumulation in some particle diameter of compost, be left the compost particle that plant-growth provides nutrient and improves soil physico-chemical property, treated compost is used for the lawn resisting drought saving water; Can bring into play organic matter and the abundant advantage of nutritive element in the compost particular particles; Regulate the physical structure of soil, reach the optimization soil physico-chemical property, the effect of improving the soil.
In view of the foregoing; The inventor carried out utilize garbage waste material carry out the ecological engineering of environment that carpet turf produces research (growth parameter(s) of consumer garbage compost and garden mould matrix turf planting system compares for Zhao Shulan, many upright peaces etc. ecological magazine; 2008,27; With the consumer garbage compost is the waste lapping turf planting research of matrix. northwest Botany Gazette, 2007,27).These researchs show: consumer garbage compost is seen from the angle of plant-growth nutritional needs; Can satisfy the requirement of plant-growth, but maximum problem is: the garbage compost quality is loose, and this makes matrix be difficult to combine with the lawn plant root system; And such result also makes this technology obtain to use in practice; That is to say that this technical bottleneck can't break through, just mean that this good idea just will lay aside and neglect forever.And in order to solve this key issue; The inventor has launched to utilize beanstalk again; And the research that utilizes linden and birch blended sawdust wood chip etc. and producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life assembly lawn matrix, purpose so that the matrix of garbage compost assembly can combine with the lawn plant root system well.These results of study show: 1. when utilizing beanstalk and producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life assembly lawn matrix, the lawn plant early growth period has performance { Lian Fei, Zhao Shulan preferably; Many upright peaces, producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life (sieving) and the compound ecology response of beanstalk, agricultural environment science journal as lawn matrix and lawn plant with 200 mesh sieves; 2007,26) }, but the lawn plant growth later stage; When needing lawn plant to set up heavy root system, root growth is suppressed, and this phenomenon is in other researchs; Analogue also once occurred, like the restraining effect of plant residue to certain type of plant, its mechanism is complicated; This maybe be relevant with allelopathy, and in addition, the consumer garbage compost matrix that 200 mesh sieves sieve still has the as easy as rolling off a log imagination that from the root system of plant, splits away off; And this result of study is finally indicating, utilizes the technological line of crop material and producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life (sieving with 200 mesh sieves) assembly lawn matrix possibly be difficult to work.2. ought utilize linden and birch blended sawdust wood chip and producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life (sieving) assembly lawn matrix (many upright peaces with 200 mesh sieves; Zhao Shulan; Domestic refuse is produced carpet turf ecological engineering of environment matrix apolegamy research. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2000,11); Also occurred with the result of " when utilizing beanstalk and producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life assembly lawn matrix " appearance similar; Its mechanism is unknown; And this result of study equally also shows, utilizes the blended sawdust wood chip etc. and the way of producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life (sieving with 200 mesh sieves) assembly lawn matrix possibly be difficult to work.
In a word, above-mentioned series of studies result gives us a conclusion: solve the loose problem of garbage compost quality if can not find, also just can't solve the difficult problem that combines with the lawn plant root system of matrix; If can not find the material of joining of suitable garbage compost lawn matrix equally, the performance of matrix also can't be improved.The utilisation technology of garbage compost in the mechanism of lawn also just can't obtain to use in practice.As if in a word, because above-mentioned when utilizing beanstalk and producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life assembly compounded turf matrix, effect is not good, and it is impracticable having provided and having utilized the road of stalk assembly garbage compost compounded turf matrix.
Summary of the invention
To this situation, the present invention is the basis of the brand-new ecological engineering of environment that combines with afforestation project with refuse treatment engineering, has important significance for theories and actual application value.The present invention is intended to find out best proportioning, for the life spam application provides material in compounded turf matrix.For realizing that above-mentioned purpose the invention discloses following technical scheme:
Mix the application of compounded turf matrix aspect the growth of promotion lawn plant rye grass of assembly; Wherein the blended compounded turf matrix is that the crushed material of little fertilizer of 300nm rubbish and tamarack wood chip is 28: 2,27: 3,26: 4 or assembly in 25: 5 with ratio of weight and number.
Application of the present invention; The little fertilizer of 300nm rubbish wherein is meant: garbage compost is removed foreign material under 105 ℃ of conditions, dry to constant weight; Sieve out the compost of 1700nm particle diameter, then 1700nm particle diameter compost is pulverized down at 24000 rev/mins, prepare the little fertilizer of particle diameter 300nm rubbish.
Application of the present invention, rye grass growth wherein refers to the variation of plant height, net photosynthesis amount.
The present invention further discloses the application of compounded turf matrix aspect promotion lawn plant ryegrass seed percentage of germination that mixes assembly; Wherein the blended compounded turf matrix is that the crushed material and the little fertilizer of 300nm rubbish of tamarack wood chip are assembly in 1: 9 with ratio of weight and number.
The present invention further discloses the compounded turf matrix that mixes assembly in the application that improves aspect garbage compost and the rye grass root system cohesiveness; Wherein the blended compounded turf matrix is that the crushed material of little fertilizer of 300nm rubbish and tamarack wood chip is 25: 5 or assembly in 26: 4 with ratio of weight and number.
Of the present invention discovering: the domestic refuse of will becoming thoroughly decomposed is carried out conventional processing, under 105 ℃ of conditions, dries to constant weight then, sieves out the compost of 1700nm particle diameter.1700nm particle diameter compost is pulverized down at 24000 rev/mins, and the time is respectively 3min, to prepare the little fertilizer of 300nm rubbish of particle diameter.Utilize fine producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life particle diameter to add the growth that a certain amount of Larch can promote lawn plant (rye grass), this is described joins material and can improve the water retention property of matrix and have certain nutrition effectiveness.It is of the present invention that method is following down:
Material
Domestic refuse is taken from Tianjin Xiao Dian domestic waste disposal site.The tamarack wood chip all has source advantage such as abundant, cheap.Therefore the material of joining as rubbish matrix has stronger feasibility.Wherein, the tamarack wood chip is from the mixing wood sawdust of wood-working factory, without the processing of becoming thoroughly decomposed.Select the turfgrass of Chinese northern widespread use for use---English ryegrass (Loliumperenne).
The development step
The rubbish of just choosing is put into baking oven, dry under 50 ℃ of conditions to constant weight (about 48 hours), and then carry out whole choosing, filter,, repeat sieve, rubbish is fully used again with the bulk garbage grinding that screens out with 200 purpose sieves.Test used compost and remove foreign material such as wherein each type of wood, plastics, glass, metal earlier, under 105 ℃ of conditions, dry then, sieve out the compost of 1700nm particle diameter to constant weight.1700nm particle diameter compost is pulverized down at 24000 rev/mins, and the time is respectively 3min, preparing the little fertilizer of 300nm rubbish of particle diameter, and with S4800 field emission scanning electron microscope (S4800, JAPAN) fine producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life particle size analysis.Obtain the little fertile particle of 300nm rubbish of particle diameter at last.Wood chip is put into kibbler and is thoroughly pulverized.Carry out the matrix apolegamy then.At diameter is to add the above-mentioned assembly matrix that mixes in the petridish of 10cm respectively, and does the matrix contrast with untreated compost, and its weight is 30g, and with R
0s0Representative.Get ryegrass seed, on each culture medium, all evenly broadcast, 3 repetitions into 100.This experiment is cultivated on the platform in the laboratory implants and is carried out, and light is to penetrate indoor natural light, well-ventilated; In the daytime illumination is 1500～2000lx; Temperature is 18.5～28 ℃, and relative humidity is 23～66%, and unification is quantitatively watered; To the moistening and state of ponding not of media surface, and till being retained to experiment and finishing.
Table 1. matrix group mode (g)
Testing index
Begin from seed germination occurring, write down the sprouting number of rye grass in each petridish every day, till sprouting is stable; Write down about 18 days.Germination rate=(finally sprouting number/100) * 100%.From testing the beginning in the 7th day after beginning, whenever measured the plant height of a seedling at a distance from 3 days, survey altogether 8 times; Finish about 30 days.Wherein the employing of the mensuration of seedling plant height is the white line method, promptly decides strain 3 strains in each petridish at random, gets the plant height that its average plant height is decided to be this petridish.
Wait to grow and respectively the rye grass in each petridish is carried out cradling the first time after stable, toothing is about 1cm when cradling.The rye grass of cutting is counted the strain number, claim total fresh weight, weigh up the rye grass of 0.1g then, be placed in the mortar; Add silica sand and lime carbonate a little, fully grind 80% the acetone that adds again that a little prepares; Continue to grind, then obtain the deep green extracting solution, filter it with funnel.Wash 2～3 mortars and filter paper repeatedly with 80% acetone again, make the complete dissolved filtration of chlorophyll, the pigment solution that extracts is poured in the volumetric flask of 25ml, the acetone with 80% is mixed with 25ml.We adopt spectrophotometry the mensuration of chlorophyll a, leaf green b and yellow pigment, use be 721 type spectrophotometers.The maximum absorption band of leaf green a is at 663nm, and the maximum absorption band of leaf green b is at 645nm, and the maximum absorption band of yellow pigment is at 440nm.Can calculate the concentration of these three kinds of pigments through following algebraic relation according to the Lambert-Beer law, unit is mg/l:
Ca＝12.7A663-2.69A645
Cb＝22.9A645-4.68A663
Ck＝4.7A440-0.27(Ca+Cb)
To measure behind the chlorophyll remaining rye grass and pack in the little aluminium box, do marked, put into baking oven, dry to constant weight under 105 ℃ of conditions, use 8 hours approximately.Weigh up dry by the fire the grass dry weight, calculate fresh and dried ratio.
Fresh and dried ratio=dry weight/fresh weight
According to the total fresh weight of the fresh and dried ratio that calculates, can calculate the gross dry weight that cradles grass, promptly total over-ground part living weight with grass.
Individual plant net photosynthesis amount=total over-ground part living weight/(total strain a couple of days number)
Calculate Zi from the sowing till cradle the used total water amount of each matrix assembly, but all have certain water-retentivity owing to joining material, therefore, the water cut in transpiration rate=total water amount-petridish.Water cut in the petridish is followed successively by: contain 22ml water in the 29+1 group; Contain 23ml in the 28+2 group; Contain 24ml in the 27+3 group; Contain 25ml in the 26+4 group; Contain 26ml in the 25+5 group; Contain 27ml water in the 24+6 group.
WUE=DW/T WUE---colony's efficiency of water application; DW---over-ground part living weight;
T---transpiration rate
The viscosifying power of the matrix of turf and lawn plant root system is measured
After treating that index determining finishes, proceed the cultivation management of turf, and normal feedwater, behind cutification, carry out the mensuration of viscosifying power of matrix and the lawn plant root system of turf again.
The viscosifying power of the matrix of its turf and lawn plant root system can use caking ability (%) to represent that its formula is:
C＝(M2/M1)×100％
C is a caking ability in the last examination, and its value is big more, and the matrix of expression turf and the viscosifying power of lawn plant root system are just strong more; Weight when M1 represents the turf peeling; M2 throws on 3 meters high road vehicles after representing the turf peeling, by road vehicle turf is thrown ground again, the turf turf weight after the matrix of being scattered.
Development results is analyzed
1.1 the germination rate of rye grass in the different substrates proportioning
See that from the initial stage situation of emerging the crushed material of tamarack wood chip is that each matrix of joining material was emerged and can be reached stable in 14 days, germination rate order from high to low is: R
9m1＞R
8m2＞R
0s0＞R
6m4＞R
7m3＞R
5m5＞R
4m6, The results of analysis of variance shows that significant difference (P＜0.01) sees table 2.At R
4m6The germination rate of rye grass is minimum in the assembly matrix, though explain that putting into too much wood chip has water retention property, its ventilation property is bad, influences the sprouting of seed.
Table 2 wood chip group rubbish matrix rye grass growing state
Insolation level (P＜0.01), down together.
1.2 the height growth of rye grass in the different substrates proportioning dynamically
Wood chip is that each matrix plant height order from high to low of joining material is: R
5m5＞R
6m4＞R
4m6＞R
7m3＞R
0s0＞R
8m2＞R
9ml, The results of analysis of variance shows difference extremely significantly (P＞0.01), from the dynamic measurement of highly growing, at matrix R
7m3, R
0s0, R
5m5, R
8m2And R
4m6Middle seedling height is very fast in early growth, and at matrix R
6m4And R
9m1In then late growing stage is very fast.
1.3 rye grass is in different substrates proportioning content of chlorophyll
Wood chip is that the content of joining leaf green a, chlorophyll b and yellow pigment in each matrix rye grass blade of material is seen table 2, and The results of analysis of variance shows there was no significant difference (P＜0.01).
1.4 rye grass is individual plant net photosynthesis amount in the different substrates proportioning
Wood chip is that each matrix individual plant net photosynthesis amount of joining material is followed successively by from high to low: R
4m6＞R
6m4＞R
7m3＞R
5m5＞R
8m2＞R
0s0＞R
9m1, The results of analysis of variance shows difference extremely significantly (P＞0.01).
1.5 rye grass is fresh and dried ratio in the different substrates proportioning
Wood chip is that the fresh and dried ratio of each matrix of joining material is followed successively by from high to low: R
9m1＞R
0s0＞R
8m2＞R
6m4＞R
7m3＞R
5m5＞R
4m6, ANOVA showed significant has significant difference (P＞0.01).
1.6 rye grass is colony's efficiency of water application in the different substrates proportioning
Wood chip is followed successively by for joining each matrix colony efficiency of water application of material from high to low: R
6m4＞R
8m2＞R
7m3＞R
5m5＞R
9m1＞R
0s0＞R
4m6, the variance analysis there was no significant difference.
1.7 the viscosifying power analysis of the matrix of turf and lawn plant root system
Can find out by following table, at R
5m5And R
4M6In the combination, the caking ability of the matrix of turf and lawn plant root system can divide and reaches 90.4% and 93.6%, shows that the matrix of rubbish turf and the viscosifying power of lawn plant root system have reached higher level.
The caking ability of the matrix of table 3 turf and lawn plant root system (%)
2 development conclusions
In the compost domestic refuse, add the growth that a certain amount of tamarack wood chip can promote lawn plant (rye grass), this is described joins material and can improve the water retention property of matrix and have certain nutrition effectiveness.The tamarack wood chip not only can promote the photosynthetic performance of lawn plant; Simultaneously again can the very big water retention property that must increase matrix; This has just improved the drought-resistant ability of coercing in lawn, and therefore this material is that material is joined in rare getting well in the matrix configuration of domestic refuse production carpet turf.From economic point of view, it is comparatively reasonable that this proportioning of joining material and domestic refuse should be controlled between 1: 29 to 5: 25.Can significantly promote the growth of lawn plant with this domestic refuse of joining the material allotment; The synergistic effect of this internal factor that depends on their this lifes to a great extent and they and compost rubbish; Can improve the logical ventilation property of matrix like them; Thereby the while can be played blocking effect to matrix moisture content again and reduced scattering and disappearing of moisture content, the target that this ecological engineering of environment that just meets very much economical and efficient, ecological practicality is pursued.
Embodiment:
For simple and purpose clearly, the omission that hereinafter is appropriate the description of known technology, in order to avoid those unnecessary details influences are to the description of present technique scheme.Below in conjunction with instance the present invention is done further explanation.
Embodiment 1
At first, sieve, filter, the rubbish bulk that screens out is smashed the multiple sieve in back, the composition in the rubbish is utilized effectively with hammer with 200 purpose sieves with 200 mesh sieves with carrying out drying to constant weight more than 8 hours after the soil block crushing bigger in the rubbish.Test used compost and remove foreign material such as wherein each type of wood, plastics, glass, metal earlier, under 105 ℃ of conditions, dry then, sieve out the compost of 1700nm particle diameter to constant weight.1700nm particle diameter compost is pulverized down at 24000 rev/mins, and the time is respectively 3min, preparing the little fertilizer of 300nm rubbish of particle diameter, and with S4800 field emission scanning electron microscope (S4800, JAPAN) fine producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life particle size analysis.
Mix assembly: the crushed material of tamarack wood chip and the little fertilizer of 300nm rubbish are assembly in 1: 5 with ratio of weight and number.100 seeds are sprinkling upon in the aglucon matter uniformly, are placed on the biological culture platform and cultivate, natural ventilation, unification is quantitatively watered, till finishing to experiment.Measure temperature, humidity every day, temperature is 22 ℃, and relative humidity is 45%.Cradle after about 28 days, measure.
Embodiment 2
Mix assembly: the crushed material of tamarack wood chip and the little fertilizer of 300nm rubbish are assembly in 1: 6 with ratio of weight and number.100 seeds are sprinkling upon in the aglucon matter uniformly, are placed on the biological culture platform and cultivate, natural ventilation, unification is quantitatively watered, till finishing to experiment.Measure temperature, humidity every day, temperature is 23 ℃, and relative humidity is 56%.Cradle after about 28 days, measure rate of emergence.
Embodiment 3
Mix assembly: the crushed material of tamarack wood chip and the little fertilizer of 300nm rubbish are assembly in 1: 13 with ratio of weight and number.100 seeds are sprinkling upon in the aglucon matter uniformly, are placed on the biological culture platform and cultivate, natural ventilation, unification is quantitatively watered, till finishing to experiment.Measure temperature, humidity every day, temperature is 23 ℃, and relative humidity is 56%.Cradle after about 28 days, measure.
Embodiment 4
Mix assembly: the crushed material of tamarack wood chip and the little fertilizer of 300nm rubbish are assembly in 1: 5.5 with ratio of weight and number.100 seeds are sprinkling upon in the aglucon matter uniformly, are placed on the biological culture platform and cultivate, natural ventilation, unification is quantitatively watered, till finishing to experiment.Measure temperature, humidity every day, temperature is 23 ℃, and relative humidity is 56%.Cradle after about 28 days, measure the matrix of turf and the caking ability of lawn plant root system.
Claims (4)
1. mix the application of compounded turf matrix aspect the growth of promotion lawn plant rye grass of assembly; Wherein the blended compounded turf matrix is that the crushed material of little fertilizer of 300nm rubbish and tamarack wood chip is 28: 2,27: 3,26: 4 or assembly in 25: 5 with ratio of weight and number.
2. the described application of claim 1; The little fertilizer of 300nm rubbish wherein is meant: garbage compost is removed foreign material under 105 ℃ of conditions, dry to constant weight; Sieve out the compost of 1700nm particle diameter, then 1700nm particle diameter compost is pulverized down at 24000 rev/mins, prepare the little fertilizer of particle diameter 300nm rubbish.
3. the described application of claim 1, rye grass growth wherein refers to the variation of plant height, net photosynthesis amount.
4. the compounded turf matrix that mixes assembly is in the application that improves aspect garbage compost and the rye grass root system cohesiveness; Wherein the blended compounded turf matrix is that the crushed material of little fertilizer of 300nm rubbish and tamarack wood chip is 25: 5 or assembly in 26: 4 with ratio of weight and number.
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| CN2010101911865A CN101880186B (en) | 2010-06-04 | 2010-06-04 | Application of mixed and compounded turf matrix in promoting growth of ryegrass |
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| CN2010101911865A CN101880186B (en) | 2010-06-04 | 2010-06-04 | Application of mixed and compounded turf matrix in promoting growth of ryegrass |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101880186B true CN101880186B (en) | 2012-09-05 |
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2010
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Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 多立安等.生活垃圾生产地毯式草皮环境生态工程基质选配研究.《应用生态学报》.2000,第11卷(第5期),767-772. * |
| 廉菲等.城市生活垃圾堆肥与豆秸复合用作草坪基质及草坪植物的生态响应.《农业环境科学学报》.2007,第26卷(第4期),1517-1521. * |
| 毛建华等.垃圾有机无机复合肥工厂化生产及农田应用.《天津农业科学》.2002,第8卷(第3期),7-9. * |
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