CN101878861B - Compound feed for adult tortoises and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a compound feed for adult tortoises and a preparation method thereof. The compound feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight:15-35% of fish meal, 20-28% of flour, 3.0% of shrimp pulp, 20-30% of bean pulp, 10-15% of rapeseed extraction, 1-3% of silkworm chrysalis, 2-5% of fish oil, 1.0% of vitamins, 1.0% of minerals, 0.1% of phagostimulant, 0.1% of sodium butyrate, 0.3% of choline and 1-2% of calcium hydrogen phosphate. The feed of the invention has a scientific and reasonable formula, contains high-efficiency green immune growth-promoting additives, has the characteristics of high-grade particle size, degree of homogeneity, feed formability, water resistance and the like, can enhance the absorption and utilization ratio of the feed, can meet the nutritional requirements of tortoises, enhance the disease immunity, promote the tortoises to grow quickly and healthily, shorten the breeding cycle, lower the breeding cost and reduce the water pollution, and has obvious economic and environmental benefits.

Description

Compound feed for adult tortoises and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of compound feed for adult tortoises and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Tortoise belongs to Reptilia, Chelonia, Testudinidae; The Chinemys animal, common have cockchafer, a mud tortoise; Grass tortoise, Brazilian tortoise etc., tortoise tortoiseshell, tortoise plastron are traditional rare medicinal herbs; Be rich in bone collagen, calcium, phosphorus and multiple unrighted acid, at present in Hainan, ground such as Guangdong, Zhejiang, Fujian carries out breeding scale.Tortoise is heterophagous reptile under natural environmental condition, is food with the seed of plant, plant stem-leaf, small fish and shrimp, spiral shell, insect etc.At present, the tortoise feed comprises 3 types under the artificial feeding condition: 1. fresh and alive material: comprise live fish, ice fresh fish, pork liver, butcher leftover bits and pieces etc.; 2. mixed fodder: the feed of making behind the tortoise mixed feed fresh fish on the rocks in varing proportions; 3. mixed feed: be divided into perfect compound feed and non-perfect compound feed.Because fresh and alive material source is limited, and putrid and deteriorated easily, full price artifical compound feed commonly used is main feed.But it is slow that there is the tortoise speed of growth of feeding in these feeds at present, and the culture-cycle is long, the defective of tortoise susceptible disease.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of compound feed for adult tortoises and preparation method thereof, this feed formula collocation is scientific and reasonable, adds efficient green immunity growth-promoting additive; Have characteristics such as high-quality grinding particle size, mixture homogeneity, feed formability and resistance to water, can improve the absorption rate of feed, can satisfy into the nutritional need of tortoise; And the resistance against diseases of raising Chelonian, promote that tortoise is quick, healthy growth, shorten the culture-cycle greatly; Reduce aquaculture cost; And the minimizing water pollution, the preparation method is scientific and reasonable, has remarkable economic efficiency and environmental benefit.

A kind of compound feed for adult tortoises comprises following component by weight percentage: fish meal 15%～35%, flour 20%～28%, shrimp slurry 3.0%; Dregs of beans 20%～30%, rapeseed dregs 10%～15%, silkworm chrysalis 1%～3%, fish oil 2%～5%; Multidimensional 1.0%, many ore deposits 1.0%, phagostimulant 0.1%; The strong element 0.1% of fourth, choline 0.3%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1%～2%.

A kind of process for preparing compound feed for adult tortoises, step is following:

(1) feeds intake, pulverizes, carry out mixed once;

(2) deironing, pulverizing are carried out secondary and are mixed;

(3) modulation, expanded granulation;

(4) oven dry, grease spraying make compound feed for adult tortoises after the cooling;

(5) again through oven dry, grease spraying, make compound feed for adult tortoises after the cooling.

Remarkable advantage of the present invention is:

The present invention is according to becoming tortoise nutritional need and physilogical characteristics; Select quality raw materials for use, optimize the feed formula structure, add the compound feed for adult tortoises that efficient green immunity growth-promoting additive is developed; Use this mixed feed can reduce aquaculture cost, reduce disease and take place and water pollution.

The phagostimulant that contains in the mixed feed of the present invention has obvious and positive biological action to becoming tortoise; Not only can promote into tortoise looks for food, improves the palatability of feed, improves ingest speed and food ration; Promote into tortoise digesting and assimilating to feed; Improve food conversion ratio, and then promote into the growth of tortoise.The calcium monohydrogen phosphate that contains in the mixed feed of the present invention, dissolubility is high, is easy to absorbed by tortoise, not influencing under the growth prerequisite of tortoise, can reduce the phosphorus content in the feed, thereby reduces the pollution of phosphorus to environment.

Reasonably combined each raw material components of the present invention improves technology, reduces the destruction that high temperature causes feed nutrient in the preparation process; Guaranteed the stability of feed in water, increased the energy level in the feed simultaneously, made the feed of preparing have high-quality grinding particle size, mixture homogeneity, feed formability and resistance to water etc.; Improve the absorption rate of feed, can satisfy into the nutritional need of tortoise, and improve the anti-virus ability of tortoise; Promote the quick healthy growth of tortoise, shorten the culture-cycle greatly, significantly reduce to use and even do not use fresh and alive feed; Reduce aquaculture cost; Reduce pathogeny and water pollution, and the preparation method is scientific and reasonable, has remarkable economic efficiency and environmental benefit.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a process chart of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a production line chart of the present invention.

Wherein: air compressor machine 1, air accumulator 2, drying machine 3, centrifuge 4, pulse dust collector 5, the barrier 6 that feeds intake, cast hopper 7; Elevator 8, receiving sieve 9, permanent magnetism bucket 10, storehouse 11 to be mixed, paddle mixer 12, self-shooter 13, conveying worm 14; Spiral ribbon mixer 15 waits to pulverize storehouse 16, pulse dust collector 17, Blowing stopper 18, vertical ultrafine disintegrator 19, the cutter atomizer 20 that hangs down, grader 21; Pulse dust collector 22, the moving sieve 23 of buckshot, storehouse 24 to be mixed, drag conveyor 25, batch weigher 26, surge bunker 27, the storehouse 28 of waiting to granulate; Quality-adjusting device 29, bulking machine 30, Asta-3746 31, drying baker 32, classifying screen 33, storehouse 34 to be sprayed, grease flush coater 35; Cooler 36, finished bin 37, packing storehouse 38, packing claims 39, sack closer 40, steam supply system 41, electric-control system 42.

The specific embodiment

Provide embodiments of the invention and preparation flow below.

Compound feed for adult tortoises of the present invention comprises following component by weight percentage: fish meal 15%～35%, flour 20%～28%, shrimp slurry 3.0%; Dregs of beans 20%～30%, rapeseed dregs 10%～15%, silkworm chrysalis 1%～3%, fish oil 2%～5%; Multidimensional 1.0%, many ore deposits 1.0%, phagostimulant 0.1%; The strong element 0.1% of fourth, choline 0.3%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1%～2%.The strong element of described fourth contains sodium butyrate, has short long food calling effect; Described shrimp slurry is paste for the tunning of shrimp shell and oppossum shrimp, has the food calling effect; Contain DMPT in the described phagostimulant, the content of said DMPT in phagostimulant is 40%; Said mixed feed material directly is 5.0mm～15.0 ㎜, is applicable to the above one-tenth tortoise of body weight 500 grams of feeding.

Embodiment 1

The tortoise of in the greenhouse, throwing something and feeding test, the initial average specification of tortoise is that 346 grams/only, the greenhouse pool area is 500 ㎡, breeding density 20 Zhi/㎡ last 180 days; The percentage by weight of each component of mixed feed of throwing something and feeding is: fish meal 15%, flour 28%, shrimp slurry 3%, dregs of beans 30%, rapeseed dregs 14%; Silkworm chrysalis 3%, fish oil 3%, multidimensional 1%, many ore deposits 1.0%; Phagostimulant 0.1%, the strong element 0.1% of fourth, choline 0.3%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1.5%.

Embodiment 2

The tortoise of in the greenhouse, throwing something and feeding test, the initial average specification of tortoise is that 331 grams/only, the greenhouse pool area is 500 ㎡, breeding density 20 Zhi/㎡ last 200 days; The percentage by weight of each component of mixed feed of throwing something and feeding is: fish meal 35%, flour 23%, shrimp slurry 3%, dregs of beans 20%, rapeseed dregs 9%; Silkworm chrysalis 3%, fish oil 3%, multidimensional 1%, many ore deposits 1.0%; Phagostimulant 0.1%, the strong element 0.1% of fourth, choline 0.3%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1.5%.

Embodiment 3

The tortoise of in the greenhouse, throwing something and feeding test, the initial average specification of tortoise is that 369 grams/only, the greenhouse pool area is 500 ㎡, breeding density 20 Zhi/㎡ last 180 days; The percentage by weight of each component of mixed feed of throwing something and feeding is: fish meal 25%, flour 28%, shrimp slurry 3%, dregs of beans 25%, rapeseed dregs 9%; Silkworm chrysalis 3%, fish oil 3%, multidimensional 1%, many ore deposits 1.0%; Phagostimulant 0.1%, the strong element 0.1% of fourth, choline 0.3%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1.5%.

The embodiment effect is following:

Embodiment 1

Become tortoise rate of body weight gain, feed coefficient and survival rate to be respectively 169%, 1.7 and 98.9%, use this mixed feed to feed into tortoise than normal diet and have the rate of body weight gain height, the feed consumption is few, and survival rate is high.

Embodiment 2

Become tortoise rate of body weight gain, feed coefficient and survival rate to be respectively 189%, 1.69 and 99.5%, use this mixed feed to feed into tortoise than common fish meal and have the rate of body weight gain height, the feed consumption is few, and survival rate is high.

Embodiment 3

Become tortoise rate of body weight gain, feed coefficient and survival rate to be respectively 176%, 1.78 and 99.7%, use this mixed feed to feed into tortoise than normal diet and have the rate of body weight gain height, the feed consumption is few, and survival rate is high.

With reference to Fig. 1, the present invention has taked " pulverizing-batching-pulverizing " group technology in feed processing, feed intake earlier, after dropping into the raw material coarse crushing, carries out mixed once, to reduce the particle size differences of different material, guarantees the uniformity that mix the batching back; To the deironing of mixed once material, carry out the second time again and pulverize, produce fine powder material, guarantee smashing fineness, reach the requirement of aquatic feeds granulating process; Fine powder material is carried out secondary mix, in secondary mixed process, add grease; Adopt the expanded granulating process of boiling again, the secondary compound is modulated, add steam in the modulated process, modulating time is 3 minutes, has prolonged 1 minute than modulating time (2 minutes) commonly used, has improved the curing degree of compound; The temperature of compound in expanded main-machine screw sleeve can be made as 110 ℃～120 ℃, reduced than the temperature (125 ℃～130 ℃) that is provided with commonly used; Compound volume when extruding nib swells, and realizes expanded; Through oven dry, grease spraying, cooling back packing is accomplished whole explained hereafter again.This technologic improvement can reduce the destruction of high temperature to feed nutrient, and has guaranteed the stability of feed in water, has increased the energy level in the feed simultaneously.

With reference to Fig. 2; The production-line technique flow process of preparation is: forage compounding gets in the cast hopper after sieving through drying machine drying, pulse dust collector dedusting, the grizzly that feeds intake successively, gets into receiving sieve through elevator then and sieves, and gets into storehouse to be pulverized through pipe magnetic separator, bedroom paddle mixer again; The material of waiting to pulverize in the storehouse gets into expanded host process through feeder again; Material after the processing passes through cyclone separator, pulse dust collector successively, behind classifying screen, the surge bunker, after electronic proportioning is claimed, gets into surge bunker; The material of surge bunker is through getting into storehouse to be packaged behind the conveying worm, the material in storehouse to be packaged is through packing title, sack closer finished product.Said production line is controlled by central control system, also is connected with air accumulator on the said drying machine, and air accumulator is provided with air compressor machine, and said pulse dust collector is provided with centrifugal blower.

Claims (2)

1. a compound feed for adult tortoises is characterized in that: the percentage by weight of raw material components and each component: fish meal 15%～35%, flour 20%～28%, shrimp slurry 3.0%; Dregs of beans 20%～30%, rapeseed dregs 10%～15%, silkworm chrysalis 1%～3%, fish oil 2%～5%; Multidimensional 1.0%, many ore deposits 1.0%, phagostimulant 0.1%; The strong element 0.1% of fourth, choline 0.3%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 1%～2%; Contain DMPT in the described phagostimulant, the content of said DMPT in phagostimulant is 40%;

The step of its preparation method is following:

(1) feeds intake, pulverizes, carry out mixed once;

(2) deironing, pulverizing are carried out secondary and are mixed;

(3) modulation, expanded granulation;

(4) oven dry, grease spraying make compound feed for adult tortoises after the cooling;

Add grease in the described secondary mixed process;

Add steam in the described modulated process.

2. compound feed for adult tortoises according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said mixed feed material directly is 5.0mm～15.0 ㎜, is applicable to the above one-tenth tortoise of body weight 500 grams of feeding.

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