CN103431227A - Mid-term cultivation compound feed for penaeus vanmamei - Google Patents
Mid-term cultivation compound feed for penaeus vanmamei Download PDFInfo
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- CN103431227A CN103431227A CN2013103699583A CN201310369958A CN103431227A CN 103431227 A CN103431227 A CN 103431227A CN 2013103699583 A CN2013103699583 A CN 2013103699583A CN 201310369958 A CN201310369958 A CN 201310369958A CN 103431227 A CN103431227 A CN 103431227A
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- 241000927735 Penaeus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 10
- DFPOZTRSOAQFIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N S,S-dimethyl-beta-propiothetin Chemical compound C[S+](C)CCC([O-])=O DFPOZTRSOAQFIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000238553 Litopenaeus vannamei Species 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- AZJQQNWSSLCLJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyquinoline Chemical group C1=CC=CC2=NC(OCC)=CC=C21 AZJQQNWSSLCLJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930182558 Sterol Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- CAHGCLMLTWQZNJ-BQNIITSRSA-N lanosterol Chemical compound C([C@@]12C)C[C@H](O)C(C)(C)[C@@H]1CCC1=C2CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]([C@@H](CCC=C(C)C)C)CC[C@]21C CAHGCLMLTWQZNJ-BQNIITSRSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003432 sterols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000003702 sterols Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 abstract description 18
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 15
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 13
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC JLPULHDHAOZNQI-ZTIMHPMXSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
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- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 abstract description 11
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 11
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 11
- SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M choline chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCO SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 11
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- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 abstract description 8
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a mid-term cultivation compound feed for penaeus vanmamei and is suitable for feeding of penaeus vanmamei in early-stage cultivation. The mid-term cultivation compound feed comprises the following components: fish meal, high gluten flour, bean pulp, peanut meal, fish oil, soybean lecithin oil, squid liver paste, yeast extract, shrimp meal, mineral substances, monocalcium phosphate, choline chloride and multiple vitamins. The mid-term cultivation compound feed has the following advantages that the mid-term cultivation compound feed is complete in nutrition, namely the product is rich in various necessary protein sources, trace elements, special minerals, vitamins and the like and can meet demands of the penaeus vanmamei in the early cultivation stage for various nutritious substances; furthermore, the mid-term cultivation compound feed is high in attraction property and high in feed conversion rate, namely the product is added with raw materials with high attraction property, such as the yeast extract, the squid liver paste, the shrimp meal and a phagostimulant DMPT and additives and can promote the intake and the growth of the penaeus vanmamei; moreover, the mid-term cultivation compound feed is high in water stability; at last, the mid-term cultivation compound feed is green and harmless.
Description
Technical field the present invention relates to aquatic product matched field of fodder, relates in particular to culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in mid-term field.
The background technology Penaeus Vannmei is commonly called as white limb shrimp, white shrimp, South America shrimp etc.China introduces the Penaeus Vannmei seedling in 1988 from the U.S., and has successfully carried out productivity in 1994 and grown seedlings and cultivate.Penaeus Vannmei is individual large, resistance against diseases and adaptable, and fast growth can cultivate in Low-salinity and fresh water, and the dried up time-to-live is long, the meat flavour deliciousness, the processing dressing percentage is higher.Penaeus Vannmei has now become one of main aquaculture product, on China Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Fujian and other places, extensively cultivates.
The research of relevant penaeus vannamei boone feed has more report.Patent name is " a kind of litopenaeus vannamei compound feed ", the Chinese invention patent that the patent No. is CN200910040783.5; Patent name is " environmental protection feed stuff for seedling stage of southern American white prawn ", the Chinese invention patent that the patent No. is CN200710028844.7, patent name are " a kind of Special feed for penaeus vannamei breeding and preparation method thereof ", and the Chinese invention patent that the patent No. is CN201110316524.8 etc. discloses the characteristic separately technical scheme about penaeus vannamei boone feed.But existing penaeus vannamei boone feed also is weak in attractant, aspect balanced in nutrition, so the present invention has researched and developed a kind of by the selection of raw material and proportioning thereof, make the penaeus vannamei boone feed of preparation there is unique technical characterstic at aspects such as balanced in nutrition, attractant, shelling growth promotions.
Due to Penaeus Vannmei at different growth and development stages, its nutritional requirement also exists larger difference, therefore in the cultivation of Penaeus Vannmei, general according to the different cultivation stages, the various raw materials of artifical compound feed are carried out to different scientific matching and form different mixed feeds.
Summary of the invention the object of the present invention is to provide low and cultivation Penaeus Vannmei quality higher being suitable for of a kind of production cost to cultivate the culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in mid-term of mid-term stage.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is: culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in mid-term of the present invention, be suitable for feeding the Penaeus Vannmei of cultivation mid-term stage, body length is at the Penaeus Vannmei of 3.1cm～8.0cm, and its component and weight percentage comprise:
| Fish meal | 20%～30% |
| Strong flour | 19%～22% |
| Dregs of beans | 15%～35% |
| Peanut meal | 10%～15% |
| Fish oil | 1%～3% |
| Soybean lecithin oil | 1.5%～3% |
| Squid cream | 1%～3% |
| Yeast extract | 1%～4% |
| shrimp med | 3%～6% |
| mineral matter | 1% |
| calcium dihydrogen phosphate | 1.5% |
| choline Chloride | 0.3% |
| multidimensional | 0.2%. |
In culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in mid-term of the present invention, fish meal mainly provides protein sources and energy, and plays good food calling effect.Penaeus Vannmei having relatively high expectations to protein due to the cultivation mid-term stage, but require low than the cultivation preliminary stage, therefore relatively to cultivate the content of preliminary stage Penaeus Vannmei low for the content of the fish meal in the present invention, be 20%～30%, when its content is greater than 30%, feed cost strengthens, and while being less than 20%, feed conversion rate reduces.
The gross protein value of Strong flour is 12%～15%, and the wet gluten value, more than 35%, is compared with Self-raising flour and had better bond effect with Plain flour.Be beneficial to the stability that raw mix shaping particles tool are good when Strong flour is mainly used for granulating, when its content is greater than 22%, the crude protein of feed reduced, particle water stability reduction while being less than 19%.
Dregs of beans, peanut meal mainly provide protein sources and energy, and for the Substitute For Partial animal protein, during too high levels, feed conversion rate descends.
Fish oil mainly provides essential fatty acid and energy, and plays the food calling effect.Add when excessive the requirements such as technological requirement to feed, feed storage all can increase when it, and adds when not enough, and the functions such as the energy of feed, food calling all descend.
Soybean lecithin oil mainly provides energy, can promote the shrimp body to the digesting and assimilating of feed, and add when excessive the requirements such as technological requirement to feed, feed storage all can increase when it, and adds when not enough, the energy of feed, the function such as digests and assimilates and all descends.
Squid cream adopts squid viscera, through techniques such as high temperature, sterilizing, separation, oven dry, makes, and Penaeus Vannmei is had to stronger food calling effect, and adding too high meeting affect feeding quality safety.
Yeast extract is to use specific fresh yeast, adopts biotechnology to make, and contains free amino acid, nucleotides etc. and has strong food calling composition, can strengthen immunity, improves anti-stress level.
Shrimp med mainly provides protein sources, and has good food calling performance, adds too high meeting and causes cost to increase.
Mineral matter, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, Choline Chloride and multidimensional etc., all as additive, play the effect of extra-nutrition, provide Penaeus Vannmei necessary trace element, promote the metabolism of shrimp body, and its addition is all not high.
Above-mentioned various raw material components all can be purchased on market.
For extending the service time of feed prepared by the present invention, can in material composition of the present invention, add antioxidant, its weight percentage in mixed feed is 0.02%.Antioxidant adopts ethoxyquinoline, is mainly used in preventing that the feed Raw is as oxidized as protein, fat.
For making product efficacy of the present invention better, can separately add phagostimulant in its raw material components, be mainly dimethyl-β-DMPT DMPT, can effectively promote ingesting of Penaeus Vannmei, its weight percentage in mixed feed is 0.2%; The another shelling element that adds, its weight percentage in mixed feed is 0.1%, mainly contains β-ecdysteroid, sterol, cryptosterol etc., for promoting the Penaeus Vannmei growth that shells smoothly.
Preferably, each component of culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in mid-term of the present invention and weight percentage are:
| fish meal | 20%～30% |
| strong flour | 19%～22% |
| dregs of beans | 15%～35% |
| peanut meal | 10%～15% |
| fish oil | 1%～3% |
| soybean lecithin oil | 1.5%～3% |
| squid cream | 1%～3% |
| yeast extract | 1%～4% |
| shrimp med | 3%～6% |
| mineral matter | 1% |
| calcium dihydrogen phosphate | 1.5% |
| choline Chloride | 0.3% |
| multidimensional | 0.2% |
| antioxidant | 0.02% |
| phagostimulant | 0.2% |
| the shelling element | 0.1%. |
Through in same plant, under identical management mode condition, adopt culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in the mid-term food calling of following each raw material components and content effective, water stability is best, and economic benefit is best, culture efficiency the best.
| Fish meal | 25% |
| Strong flour | 20% |
| Dregs of beans | 28% |
| Peanut meal | 10% |
| Fish oil | 2.18% |
| Soybean lecithin oil | 2% |
| Squid cream | 2% |
| yeast extract | 2.5% |
| shrimp med | 5% |
| mineral matter | 1% |
| calcium dihydrogen phosphate | 1.5% |
| choline Chloride | 0.3% |
| multidimensional | 0.2% |
| antioxidant | 0.02% |
| phagostimulant | 0.2% |
| the shelling element | 0.1%. |
Culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in mid-term of the present invention, feed similar with other compared and had the following advantages;
1, comprehensive nutrition: product is rich in various indispensable proteins source, trace element, special-purpose minerals and vitamins etc., meets the demand of culture of Penaeus vannamei growth phase in mid-term to various nutritional labelings.
2, attractant is good, and feed conversion rate is high: the present invention has added raw material and additive that yeast extract, squid cream, shrimp med, phagostimulant DMPT etc. have good food calling performance, can promote Penaeus Vannmei ingest and grow.
3, water stability is good, and breeding water body is polluted few: the present invention has added high refined flour, is conducive to the feed product moulding with stable, can guarantee that product soaks more than 2.5 hours and do not scatter in water, has reduced the pollution to breeding water body.
4, green non-pollution: the characteristics such as the growth of the Penaeus Vannmei of the product of the present invention of ingesting is fast, and anti-stress ability is strong, and the shrimp body is healthy, medication is few, for this enterprise and raiser have brought higher economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation in the accompanying drawing explanation:
The production technological process that Fig. 1 is culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in mid-term of the present invention.
Specific embodiment percentage herein all refers to percetage by weight; Below by specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.
Each component and the weight percentage of culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in mid-term of the present invention are:
| Fish meal | 20%～30% |
| Strong flour | 19%～22% |
| Dregs of beans | 15%～35% |
| Peanut meal | 10%～15% |
| Fish oil | 1%～3% |
| Soybean lecithin oil | 1.5%～3% |
| Squid cream | 1%～3% |
| yeast extract | 1%～4% |
| shrimp med | 3%～6% |
| mineral matter | 1% |
| calcium dihydrogen phosphate | 1.5% |
| choline Chloride | 0.3% |
| multidimensional | 0.2%. |
Embodiment 1, and the most basic each constituent content of the present invention is as follows:
| fish meal | 24% |
| strong flour | 20% |
| dregs of beans | 28% |
| peanut meal | 12% |
| fish oil | 2% |
| soybean lecithin oil | 2% |
| squid cream | 2% |
| yeast extract | 3% |
| shrimp med | 4% |
| mineral matter | 1% |
| calcium dihydrogen phosphate | 1.5% |
| choline Chloride | 0.3% |
| multidimensional | 0.2%. |
According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise cultivation mid-term stage Penaeus Vannmei 21 days.The Penaeus Vannmei of the present embodiment feed of ingesting is ingested more active, and water stability is good, and the Penaeus Vannmei growth is very fast.
Embodiment 2, and each constituent content that the present invention adds after appropriate additive is as follows:
| Fish meal | 30% |
| Strong flour | 21% |
| Dregs of beans | 15% |
| Peanut meal | 15% |
| Fish oil | 1% |
| Soybean lecithin oil | 2.18% |
| squid cream | 3% |
| yeast extract | 4% |
| shrimp med | 5.5% |
| mineral matter | 1% |
| calcium dihydrogen phosphate | 1.5% |
| choline Chloride | 0.3% |
| multidimensional | 0.2% |
| antioxidant | 0.02% |
| phagostimulant | 0.2% |
| the shelling element | 0.1%. |
According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise cultivation mid-term stage Penaeus Vannmei 21 days.The Penaeus Vannmei of the present embodiment feed of ingesting is ingested active, and water stability is good, and the Penaeus Vannmei growth is fast, and fanning economics is good.
Embodiment 3, and each constituent content that the present invention adds after appropriate additive is as follows:
| fish meal | 20% |
| strong flour | 19% |
| dregs of beans | 35% |
| peanut meal | 10% |
| fish oil | 3% |
| soybean lecithin oil | 3% |
| squid cream | 2.68% |
| yeast extract | 1% |
| shrimp med | 3% |
| mineral matter | 1% |
| calcium dihydrogen phosphate | 1.5% |
| choline Chloride | 0.3% |
| multidimensional | 0.2% |
| antioxidant | 0.02% |
| phagostimulant | 0.2% |
| the shelling element | 0.1%. |
According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise cultivation mid-term stage Penaeus Vannmei 21 days.The Penaeus Vannmei of the present embodiment feed of ingesting is ingested active, and water stability is good, and the Penaeus Vannmei growth is fast, and fanning economics is better.
Embodiment 4, and each constituent content that the present invention adds after appropriate additive is as follows:
| fish meal | 22% |
| strong flour | 22% |
| dregs of beans | 27% |
| peanut meal | 12% |
| fish oil | 2.18% |
| soybean lecithin oil | 1.5% |
| squid cream | 1% |
| yeast extract | 3% |
| shrimp med | 6% |
| mineral matter | 1% |
| calcium dihydrogen phosphate | 1.5% |
| choline Chloride | 0.3% |
| multidimensional | 0.2% |
| antioxidant | 0.02% |
| phagostimulant | 0.2% |
| the shelling element | 0.1%. |
According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise cultivation mid-term stage Penaeus Vannmei 21 days.The Penaeus Vannmei of the present embodiment feed of ingesting is ingested active, and water stability is good, and the Penaeus Vannmei growth is fast, and fanning economics is good.
Embodiment 5: each constituent content of culture efficiency the best of the present invention is as follows:
| Fish meal | 25% |
| Strong flour | 20% |
| Dregs of beans | 28% |
| Peanut meal | 10% |
| Fish oil | 2.18% |
| Soybean lecithin oil | 2% |
| Squid cream | 2% |
| Yeast extract | 2.5% |
| shrimp med | 5% |
| mineral matter | 1% |
| calcium dihydrogen phosphate | 1.5% |
| choline Chloride | 0.3% |
| multidimensional | 0.2% |
| antioxidant | 0.02% |
| phagostimulant | 0.2% |
| the shelling element | 0.1%. |
According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise cultivation mid-term stage Penaeus Vannmei 21 days.The Penaeus Vannmei of the present embodiment feed of ingesting is ingested active, and water stability is best, and the Penaeus Vannmei growth is the fastest, and fanning economics is best, and culture efficiency is best.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention adds the technological process of production in man-hour and is: by large part raw material and smallclothes mixture drop into that batch charger, screen scarifier removal of impurities primary dcreening operation, mixer mix for the first time, micronizer carries out that input, the mixers such as ultramicro grinding, grease mix for the second time, quality-adjusting device is modified, granulator granulation, drying machine drying, cooler are cooling, packing is sieved, weighed to crusher in crushing, screening machine.
Claims (5)
1. culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in mid-term, be suitable for feeding the Penaeus Vannmei of mid-term stage, and body length, at the Penaeus Vannmei of 3.1cm～8.0cm, is characterized in that: its component and weight percentage comprise:
2. culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in mid-term according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise antioxidant, phagostimulant and shelling element in its component, the weight percentage of described antioxidant in mixed feed is 0.02%; The weight percentage of phagostimulant in mixed feed is 0.2%; The shelling element is 0.1% at the weight percentage of mixed feed.
3. culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in mid-term according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described antioxidant is ethoxyquinoline, and phagostimulant is dimethyl-β-DMPT DMPT, and the shelling element contains β-ecdysteroid, sterol and cryptosterol.
4. culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in mid-term according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: each component and the weight percentage of described mixed feed are:
5. culture of Penaeus vannamei mixed feed in mid-term according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: each component and the weight percentage of described mixed feed are:
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104664148A (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2015-06-03 | 天津市晨辉饲料有限公司 | Formula of expanded feed for shrimps and preparation method |
| CN106260737A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2017-01-04 | 天津市晨辉饲料有限公司 | A kind of high-grade shrimp mixed feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN106260588A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2017-01-04 | 天津市晨辉饲料有限公司 | Mixed mixed feed for breeding shrimps and preparation method thereof |
| CN106260507A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2017-01-04 | 北京大北农科技集团股份有限公司 | Lactobacillus johnsonii application in food calling |
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| CN102894196A (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2013-01-30 | 扬州市宏大饲料有限公司 | Penaeus vannamei boone compound feed |
| CN102648740A (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-08-29 | 珠海容川饲料有限公司 | Litopenaeus vannamei compound feed without fish meal |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104664148A (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2015-06-03 | 天津市晨辉饲料有限公司 | Formula of expanded feed for shrimps and preparation method |
| CN106260507A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2017-01-04 | 北京大北农科技集团股份有限公司 | Lactobacillus johnsonii application in food calling |
| CN106260507B (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2021-08-27 | 北京大北农科技集团股份有限公司 | Application of lactobacillus johnsonii in food calling |
| CN106260737A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2017-01-04 | 天津市晨辉饲料有限公司 | A kind of high-grade shrimp mixed feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN106260588A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2017-01-04 | 天津市晨辉饲料有限公司 | Mixed mixed feed for breeding shrimps and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103431227B (en) | 2015-04-29 |
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