CN101876659B - 用于检测肿瘤的量子点试剂盒 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种用于检测肿瘤细胞或肿瘤组织的量子点试剂盒。试剂盒中的主要成分包括多种表面修饰的量子点和量子点纳米球,能特异性识别表皮生长因子受体中EGFRvIII型突变体或过量表达的表皮生长因子受体的单克隆抗体12H23,以及连接试剂等。在表面修饰的量子点及量子点纳米球表面连接单克隆抗体12H23之后,可以很好地识别表达EGFRvIII或过表达EGFR的肿瘤细胞,而不与不表达EGFR的肿瘤细胞结合。未连接抗体12H23的量子点及量子点纳米球与肿瘤细胞不结合或结合很少。本发明提供的这种试剂盒,在肿瘤诊断中有应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物医学领域,涉及一种用于检测肿瘤的量子点试剂盒,尤其涉及一种检测肿瘤细胞和肿瘤组织的量子点试剂盒。
背景技术
检测肿瘤细胞需要一个能特异性识别肿瘤标志物的抗体或配体,以及连接在抗体或配体上的标记物(如荧光染料或同位素示踪剂),连接荧光或同位素示踪剂的抗体或配体,谓之“检测探针”。对于可识别多种肿瘤细胞的广谱检测探针,探针上的抗体或配体的选择尤为重要。为此,本发明选择了针对表皮生长因子受体的单克隆抗体作为检测探针的一部分。
表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)是由原癌基因c2erbB21编码的I型跨膜酪氨酸激酶生长因子受体。EGFR在肺癌、乳腺癌、结肠癌、胃癌、脑癌、膀胱癌、头颈部肿瘤、卵巢癌、肾癌和前列腺癌等多种肿瘤中均存在突变或高表达,与肿瘤的发生、发展密切相关。迄今已发现至少有8种EGFR突变体,其中EGFRvIII(EGFR variantIII)是EGFR最常见的突变类型,鉴于EGFRvIII在某些肿瘤中的表达及其在正常组织中的表达缺乏,EGFRvIII常被作为肿瘤治疗的理想靶点。
本发明的申请人之一在其在先公开文件中国公开号CN101602808A中公开了一种特异性结合蛋白及其使用,具体提供了一种特异性与EGRFvIII或细胞过量表达的EGFR结合的单克隆抗体(12H23抗体)及其制备方法,提供了该单克隆抗体VH链重链的互补决定区CDR的氨基酸序列和单克隆抗体VL链重链的互补决定区CDR的氨基酸序列。
本发明在该已公开的特异性结合EGRFvIII或细胞表面过量表达的EGFR的单克隆抗体的基础上进行进一步的探索,以求提供一种更便于临床上识别肿瘤细胞。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种检测肿瘤细胞和肿瘤组织的量子点试剂盒。
本发明所要解决的再一技术问题在于提供上述量子点试剂盒的用途。
本发明解决上述技术问题所采取的技术方案是:一种用于检测肿瘤的量子点试剂盒,在盒子中装有插片,插片上设有多个供试剂管插入的孔,其中,所述的试剂盒中包括12管装有不同材料的试剂管,包括:
(1)单克隆抗体12H23粉末,5~10mg;
(2)经表面修饰的量子点水溶液,1~2mL;
(3)量子点纳米球粉末,20~200mg;
(4)正硅酸乙酯溶液,1~3mL;
(5)戊二醛溶液,1~3mL;
(6)硅烷化试剂溶液,1~3mL;
(7)带羧基的聚乙二醇衍生化的磷脂粉末,5~10mg;
(8)1-乙基-3(3-二甲基胺基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐粉末,0.5~1g;
(9)聚丙烯酸,10~200mg;
(10)无水乙醇,1~3mL;
(11)磷酸盐缓冲液,20~40mL;
(12)灭菌双蒸水,10~20ml。
本发明中连接在量子点荧光染料上的12H23是特异性靶向EGFRvIII和过量表达的EGFR的单克隆抗体,与其它针对EGFR的靶向性药物类似,单抗12H23特异性与EGFRvIII阳性表达或过量表达EGFR的肿瘤细胞结合后,将阻断细胞的信号 转导,在识别肿瘤细胞的同时,抑制肿瘤细胞的生长。
而本发明中的荧光染料选用量子点,量子点是一种直径在1~10纳米之间的半导体纳米微晶,是一种近年来研究较多的新型荧光染料。与传统有机荧光染料相比,量子点的荧光更稳定持久,荧光强度更高,激发光谱更宽,荧光发射光谱更窄。
前已述及,单抗12H23能特异性地识别肿瘤细胞,而对正常细胞不识别或亲和力非常弱,因此,当连接量子点的单抗12H23与未知细胞(或未知组织)作用后,可通过细胞(或组织)中是否结合荧光量子点来判断是肿瘤细胞(或肿瘤组织)还是正常细胞(或正常组织)。可见,单抗12H23与量子点连接,可作为检测多种肿瘤的生物探针,可以组成试剂盒为研究者提供方便。
在上述方案的基础上,所述的12H23单克隆抗体,为特异性靶向表皮生长因子受体中EGFRvIII型突变体或细胞表面过量表达的EGFR的单克隆抗体。即为中国公开号CN101602808A所公开的单克隆抗体。
在上述方案的基础上,在第(2)试剂管内,所述量子点的表面修饰有巯基乙酸、巯基丙酸、二巯基丁二酸、巯基乙胺、白蛋白、纤维素、聚苯乙烯、聚乙二醇、磷脂、二氧化硅中的一种或几种。
在上述方案的基础上,在第(2)和第(3)试剂管内,所述的量子点为CdSe、CdTe、CdSe/ZnS、CdTe/ZnS、CdTe/CdSe、InP、InAs、InGaAs、InGaP、InGaP/ZnS中的一种纳米粒子或任意几种纳米粒子的组合。
在上述方案的基础上,在第(3)试剂管内,所述纳米球粉末,是指量子点包埋在白蛋白、乙基纤维素、聚苯乙烯任一聚合物中所形成的粉末,纳米球粒度为50~1000nm。
在上述方案的基础上,在第(6)试剂管内,所述的硅烷化试剂为CH2=CHSi(OC2H5)3,CH2=CHSi(OCH3)2,CH2=CHSi(OC2H4OCH3)3,CH2=C(CH3)COOC3H6Si(OCH3)3,HSC3H6Si(OCH3)3,H2NC3H6Si(OC2H5)3, H2NC2H4NHC3H6Si(OCH3)3,H2NCONHC3H6Si(OC2H5)3,CH3Si(OC2H5)3,(CH3)3SiNHSi(CH3)3中的一种。
在上述方案的基础上,在第(7)试剂管内,所述的带羧基的聚乙二醇衍生化的磷脂中,聚乙二醇的分子量在1800~6000。优选聚乙二醇的分子量在2000左右。
针对上述的量子点试剂盒的用途,用于检测肿瘤细胞和肿瘤组织。
本发明的有益效果是:
本发明将特异性靶向EGFRvIII/过量表达的EGFR的单克隆抗体12H23与荧光染料量子点及连接试剂组成试剂盒,在应用中将12H23单克隆抗体与荧光染料量子点相连接,连接量子点的12H23单克隆抗体与未知细胞或未知组织作用后,可通过细胞或组织中是否结合荧光量子点来判断是肿瘤细胞或肿瘤组织还是正常细胞或正常组织,该试剂盒在临床上具有实用价值。
具体实施方式
实施例
一种用于检测肿瘤的量子点试剂盒,在盒子中装有插片,插片上设有多个供试剂管插入的孔,所述的试剂盒中包括12管装有不同材料的试剂管,为:
(1)10mg单克隆抗体12H23粉末;
(2)2mL浓度约为1.2μmoL/L表面修饰有巯基丙酸的红色荧光CdTe/ZnS量子点水溶液,在水溶液中该量子点表面电位为-35~-40meV;
(3)50mg平均粒度为500nm的包埋CdTe/ZnS量子点的牛血清白蛋白(BSA)纳米球粉末(CdTe/ZnS/BSA nanospheres);
(4)1ml的正硅酸乙酯溶液;
(5)1ml的戊二醛溶液;
(6)1ml的硅烷化试剂溶液(KH550);
(7)10mg带羧基的聚乙二醇衍生化的磷脂(PE-PEG2000-COOH)粉末,其中聚乙烯醇的分子量约为2000;
(8)1g 1-乙基-3(3-二甲基胺基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC)粉末;
(9)50mg聚丙烯酸粉末;
(10)1ml无水乙醇;
(11)20ml磷酸盐缓冲液,pH值为7.4;
(12)10ml灭菌双蒸水。
应用例1
针对实施例中的试剂盒,量取CdTe/ZnS量子点(QDs)水溶液400μL,向其中加入无水乙醇与正硅酸乙酯的混合溶液40μL(无水乙醇占混合溶液总量的25%),室温下振荡48h后停止振荡,置于4℃冰箱中备用。
向上述包硅量子点(QDs/SiO2)水溶液中加入硅烷化试剂溶液(KH550)和戊二醛(glutaraldehyde)的磷酸盐缓冲溶液,于室温下振荡2h后,获得(QDs/SiO2)-KH550-glutaraldehyde。
将单克隆抗体12H23溶解于磷酸盐缓冲液中,向(QDs/SiO2)-KH550-glutaraldehyde水溶液(200μL)中加入单克隆抗体12H23的磷酸盐缓冲液,其中,QDs/SiO2与12H23的摩尔比约为1∶5,于4℃条件下振荡过夜后,即获得(QDs/SiO2)-KH550-glutaraldehyde-12H23,然后与200μL的不含血清的细胞培养液(RPMI-1640)混合,置于4℃冰箱中备用。
将贴壁培养的肝癌细胞SMMC-7721(内源性表达EGFRvIII,参见文献HuamaoWang,Hua Jiang,Min Zhou,Zhibing Xu,Shiguo Liu,Bizhi Shi,Xiao Yao,Ming Yao,JianRen Gu,Zonghai Li,Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor vIIIenhances tumorigenicity and resistance to 5-Fluorouracil in HumanHepatocellular Carcinoma.Cancer letter 2009,279(1):30-8)中的培养基 移去,用磷酸盐缓冲液洗涤3次,然后向细胞中加入200μL分散在不含血清的RPMI1640培养基中的(QDs/SiO2)-KH550-glutaraldehyde-12H23,于37℃的CO2培养箱中培育1h,移去细胞中的溶液,并用磷酸盐缓冲液洗涤细胞8次以上。然后与荧光显微镜下观察。
对照实验
按上述相同的方法将(QDs/SiO2)-KH550-glutaraldehyde-12H23与白血病细胞K562共培育和荧光显微镜下观察。此外,按上述相同的方法将未连接抗体12H23的量子点((QDs/SiO2)-KH550-glutaraldehyde)与肝癌细胞SMMC-7721共培育和荧光显微镜下观察。
结果发现,与(QDs/SiO2)-KH550-glutaraldehyde-12H23共培育后的每个肝癌细胞SMMC-7721均有大量的量子点红色荧光,而与(QDs/SiO2)-KH550-glutaraldehyde-12H23共培育后的白血病细胞K562(K562是不表达EGFR的细胞)以及与(QDs/SiO2)-KH550-glutaraldehyde共培育的肝癌细胞SMMC-7721却只有非常少的量子点红色荧光,大部分没有量子点红色荧光。可见,本发明提供的量子点试剂盒能很好地特异性识别表达EGFRvIII的肿瘤细胞。
应用例2
针对实施例中的试剂盒,将5mg的带羧基的聚乙二醇衍生化的磷脂(PE-PEG2000-COOH)溶解于5ml三氯甲烷溶液中(考虑到三氯甲烷为常用溶剂,因此不作为试剂盒的一部分),取该溶液1ml(剩余4ml于4℃冰箱中保存备用)置于梨形瓶中,旋转蒸发挥去三氯甲烷成薄膜,进一步用氮气吹干薄膜。
向该薄膜中加入CdTe/ZnS量子点(QDs)水溶液1ml,超声波振荡45min,获得QDs-(PE-PEG2000-COOH)。加入1-乙基-3(3-二甲基胺基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC)的磷酸盐缓冲液,30min后,加入单克隆抗体12H23,其中,三者间的摩尔比为:QDs-(PE-PEG2000-COOH)∶EDC∶12H23=1∶3.6∶3,在4℃反应过夜。
将获得的连接单克隆抗体12H23的量子点与不含血清的培养基RPMI-1640混合,加入到贴壁培养的乳腺导管癌细胞MDA-MB-435S(过表达EGFR的细胞)中共培育1h。作为对照,将未连接单克隆抗体12H23的量子点(QDs-(PE-PEG2000-COOH)与MDA-MB-435S细胞按上述相同方法共培育。
结果为,连接单克隆抗体12H23的量子点几乎与所有MDA-MB-435S细胞结合,细胞有明亮的红色荧光。而对照实验中,只有少量的红色荧光。这些结果表明12H23连接的量子点能有效识别过表达EGFR的肿瘤细胞。
应用例3
针对实施例中的试剂盒,称取包埋CdTe/ZnS量子点(QDs)的牛血清白蛋白(BSA)纳米球粉末(QDs-BSA)10mg,分散于1ml灭菌双蒸水中,超声波分散约15min后,向其中加入聚丙烯酸(PAA)粉末,继续超声波分散,约30min后,静置约10min,然后离心,用灭菌双蒸水洗涤沉淀,获得(QDs-BSA)/PAA纳米球,再分散于磷酸盐缓冲液中。
向(QDs-BSA)/PAA溶液中加入1-乙基-3(3-二甲基胺基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC)的磷酸盐缓冲液,反应30min后,加入单克隆抗体12H23,其中,(QDs-BSA)/PAA纳米球与单克隆抗体12H23的摩尔比约为1∶1000,4℃反应过夜。然后进行与应用例2相同的细胞实验。
荧光显微镜下发现,连接抗体的纳米球与SMMC-7721肿瘤细胞共培育后,细胞表面有大量的颗粒较大的荧光粒子。未连接抗体的纳米球与SMMC-7721肿瘤细胞共培育后,细胞表面仅有少量的荧光颗粒,很多细胞的表面则未发现有量子点的荧光。可见,本发明提供的量子点试剂盒中的纳米球,在连接抗体后,可以很好地识别表达EGFRvIII或过表达EGFR的肿瘤细胞,而不与不表达EGFR的肿瘤细胞结合。
Claims (4)
1.一种用于检测肿瘤的量子点试剂盒,在盒子中装有插片,插片上设有多个供试剂管插入的孔,其特征在于:所述的试剂盒中包括12管装有不同材料的试剂管,为:
(1)单克隆抗体12H23粉末,5 ~ 10mg;
(2)经表面修饰的量子点水溶液,1 ~ 2mL;
(3)量子点纳米球粉末,20 ~ 200mg;
(4)正硅酸乙酯溶液,1 ~ 3mL;
(5)戊二醛溶液,1 ~ 3mL;
(6)硅烷化试剂溶液,1 ~ 3mL;
(7)带羧基的聚乙二醇衍生化的磷脂粉末,5 ~ 10mg;
(8)1-乙基-3(3-二甲基胺基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐粉末,0.5 ~ 1g;
(9)聚丙烯酸,10 ~ 200mg;
(10)无水乙醇,1 ~ 3mL;
(11)磷酸盐缓冲液,20 ~ 40mL;
(12)灭菌双蒸水,10 ~ 20mL;其中,
所述的12H23单克隆抗体,为特异性识别表皮生长因子受体中EGFRvIII型突变体或过量表达的表皮生长因子受体的单克隆抗体;
在第(2)试剂管内,所述量子点的表面修饰有巯基乙酸、巯基丙酸、二巯基丁二酸、巯基乙胺、白蛋白、纤维素、聚苯乙烯、聚乙二醇、磷脂、二氧化硅中的一种或几种;
在第(3)试剂管内,所述纳米球粉末,是指量子点包埋在白蛋白、乙基纤维素、聚苯乙烯任一聚合物中所形成的粉末,纳米球粒度为50 ~ 1000nm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于检测肿瘤的量子点试剂盒,其特征在于:在第(2)和第(3)试剂管内,所述的量子点为CdSe、CdTe、CdSe/ZnS、CdTe/ZnS、CdTe/CdSe、InP、InAs、InGaAs、InGaP、InGaP/ZnS中的一种纳米粒子或任意几种纳米粒子的组合。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于检测肿瘤的量子点试剂盒,其特征在于:在第(6)试剂管内,所述的硅烷化试剂为CH2=CHSi(OC2H5)3,CH2=CHSi(OCH3)2,CH2=CHSi(OC2H4OCH3)3,CH2=C(CH3)COOC3H6Si(OCH3)3,HSC3H6Si(OCH3)3,H2NC3H6Si(OC2H5)3,H2NC2H4NHC3H6Si(OCH3)3,H2NCONHC3H6Si(OC2H5)3,CH3Si(OC2H5)3,(CH3)3SiNHSi(CH3)3中的一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于检测肿瘤的量子点试剂盒,其特征在于:在第(7)试剂管内,所述的带羧基的聚乙二醇衍生化的磷脂中,聚乙二醇的分子量在1800 ~ 6000。
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