CN101875298A - 高车速启动发动机的混合动力电动车辆动力系 - Google Patents

高车速启动发动机的混合动力电动车辆动力系 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN101875298A
CN101875298A CN2010101360345A CN201010136034A CN101875298A CN 101875298 A CN101875298 A CN 101875298A CN 2010101360345 A CN2010101360345 A CN 2010101360345A CN 201010136034 A CN201010136034 A CN 201010136034A CN 101875298 A CN101875298 A CN 101875298A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
engine
dynamical system
motor
vehicle
power source
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN2010101360345A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN101875298B (zh
Inventor
韦恩·迈克尔·汤普森
吉米·H·卡帕迪亚
托马斯·斯科特·吉
约瑟夫·杰拉尔德·苏皮那
艾伦·丹尼斯·多不里登
塔米尔瓦南·阿鲁纳扎拉姆
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ford Global Technologies LLC
Original Assignee
Ford Global Technologies LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ford Global Technologies LLC filed Critical Ford Global Technologies LLC
Publication of CN101875298A publication Critical patent/CN101875298A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN101875298B publication Critical patent/CN101875298B/zh
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/40—Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
    • B60W10/11—Stepped gearings
    • B60W10/115—Stepped gearings with planetary gears
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/02—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B60K2006/268—Electric drive motor starts the engine, i.e. used as starter motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/48—Drive Train control parameters related to transmissions
    • B60L2240/486—Operating parameters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2520/00—Input parameters relating to overall vehicle dynamics
    • B60W2520/10—Longitudinal speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2540/00—Input parameters relating to occupants
    • B60W2540/10—Accelerator pedal position
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2540/00—Input parameters relating to occupants
    • B60W2540/12—Brake pedal position
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2540/00—Input parameters relating to occupants
    • B60W2540/16—Ratio selector position
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种混合动力电动车辆动力系，包括具有电动机、发电机和电池的电力动力源。机械动力源是具有直接启动燃料喷射特点的内燃机。所述直接启动燃料喷射特点使得在从全电驱动模式到使用这两个动力源的驱动模式的转换期间以高车辆速度提供内燃机启动转矩。

Description

高车速启动发动机的混合动力电动车辆动力系
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有全电驱动模式的混合动力电动车辆。
背景技术
在由本发明的受让人拥有的现有技术的第7,285,869号专利中公开了一种用于具有动力分配特征的汽车的混合动力电动车辆动力系。所述混合动力电动车辆动力系具有发动机(通常为内燃机)、行星齿轮组、发电机、电动机和电池。电动机可驱动地结合到汽车牵引轮(traction wheel)上。发电机被机械连接到行星齿轮组的恒星齿轮上，行星齿轮的内齿圈(ring gear)通过变速器齿轮系(transmission gearing)可驱动地连接到牵引轮上。行星齿轮组的支架被机械连接到发动机。
这种类型的动力系统配置可具有从两个动力源到牵引轮的动力分配动力流路径。第一个是机械动力源，包括通过齿轮系结合到牵引轮的发动机，第二个是包括电动机、发电机和电池的电驱动系统，其中，电动机通过齿轮系被可驱动地连接到牵引轮上。电池为发电机和电动机提供动力和能量存储。齿轮系的两个功率源共享元件作为到车辆牵引轮的动力流路径被建立。
在动力系以全电力驱动的操作过程中，发动机被关闭。当在全电力驱动过程中电池的荷电状态开始变为耗尽时，由于发电机通过齿轮系与发动机机械结合，因此可使用发电机转矩启动发动机。
在车辆速度高于特定值时，这种类型的动力系将不允许使用发电机转矩启动发动机。这种限制主要是由于电机(即，发电机或电动机)的功率/转矩特性引起的。电机转矩通常随着速度的增加而降低。因此，在高速下电机可能不能产生足够的发动机启动转矩(engine cranking torque)来使得电机作为电动机来以启动速度(cranking speed)驱动发动机。
发明内容
由于在高车辆速度下起动发动机的过程中发电机的转矩的限制，使用直接起动燃料喷射式发动机来提高发动机启动转矩。这将不需要使用来自对起动发动机必需的电力动力源的转矩。还会允许更高的使用全电驱动功能的校准设置点。由于使用全电驱动的驱动事件的持续时间增加，这又使得燃料经济性得以提高。当车辆处于必须从每一个动力源传递动力给车辆牵引轮的驱动模式时，发动机使用直接起动喷射和点火技术以在高车速时获得发动机启动转矩。
本发明的另一个优点是可以在高车速和低车速的驱动事件过程中均能起动发动机。
附图说明
图1是能够使用本发明的动力分配混合动力电动车辆动力系的示图。
图2是可在图1的动力系中使用的直接起动燃料喷射式发动机的示意图。
图3是轴转矩相对于典型的电机的旋转速度的曲线图。
具体实施方式
图1是能够执行本发明的控制功能的动力分配混合动力电动车辆动力系的示意性框图。
图1的动力系配置包括内燃发动机10和动力变速器(transmission)12。发动机10的曲轴通过变速器转矩输入轴14被可驱动地连接到行星齿轮单元18的支架16上。前面提到的发电机20在一定运行条件下可以作为电动机，发电机20通过轴22机械连接到行星齿轮单元18的恒星齿轮24上。支架16可旋转地支撑啮合恒星齿轮24和行星内齿圈26的小齿轮。
转矩传输元件28将内齿圈转矩传送到副轴齿轮系32的转矩输入元件30。副轴齿轮系32的转矩输出齿轮元件34可驱动地连接(总体上由标号36所示)到半轴(differential-and-axle)组件(总体上由标号38所示)，从而转矩被传送到车辆牵引轮40。
车辆系统控制器(VSC)42被电连接到变速器控制模块(TCM)44以及用于发动机10的控制器。由车辆系统控制器通过信号流路径(标号46所示)将转矩命令信号分发到发动机控制器。信号流路径46还在车辆系统控制器42和变速器控制模块(TCM)44以及电池控制模块(BCM)48之间提供信号通信。
发电机20被电连接到电动机50。电动机50的转子被机械连接到用于副轴齿轮系32的电动机转矩输入齿轮52。发电机20和电动机之间的电结合由高压总线54提供，所述高压总线54由电池和电池控制模块48供电。
变速器控制模块通过电动机控制信号流路径56与电动机50通信。发电机通过信号流路径58与变速器控制模块通信。由标号60指示的发电机制动器通过信号流路径62电连接到变速器控制模块。
当制动器60被应用时，可通过行星齿轮单元18以及通过副轴齿轮系32，将发动机动力通过全机械转矩流路径从发动机传送到牵引轮和轮轴组件。
在正常的混合电动动力系操作过程中，制动器60会被释放，发电机20将对恒星齿轮施加反作用转矩，从而建立从发动机到半轴组件以及通过副轴齿轮组件32从电动机-发电机子系统到牵引轮和半轴组件的平行转矩流路径。
图1中示意性地示出的动力系系统可以具有纯电动机驱动模式，或同时使用电动机和发动机动力来实现最大效率的模式。车辆系统控制器通过管理动力系中的各种组件之间的动力分配将使车辆动力系维持在其最大性能点。车辆系统控制器管理发动机、发电机、电动机和电池的运行状态，以使车辆总效率最大化。电池为发电机和电动机提供能量存储。
如果电池的荷电状态足够高，则车辆可以关闭发动机而以全电驱动模式运行。当电池的荷电状态开始耗尽时，车辆系统控制器42将起动发动机。为了在车辆以低速移动时启动(crank)发动机，控制发电机作为为恒星齿轮提供转矩的发电机，所述恒星齿轮以与内齿圈旋转相反的方向旋转。这会降低恒星齿轮的转速。假设内齿圈速度保持不变或增大，则恒星齿轮变慢会导致支架速度增加，支架速度对应于发动机速度。
电动机已经提供转矩以驱动内齿圈以及车辆。因此，电动机的一部分动力被用于启动发动机。如果与车辆速度直接相关的内齿圈速度足够高，则在发电机速度降到零之前与发动机速度相等的支架速度达到发动机点火速度。然而，可能的是，当发电机速度已经降到零时，由于低的车辆速度，发动机速度将不会达到点火速度。在这种情况下，发电机被控制为用作电动机，以与发电机的运动方向相反的方向运转。通过将发电机作为电动机，发动机速度可以达到点火速度。然而，如果车辆速度很高，由于图3中示出的电机的速度-转矩特性，施加足以开始启动发动机的转矩的发电机的能力变小。
如果不需要使电动机通过齿轮系32将发动机启动转矩提供到内齿圈，则可以增加全电驱动情况下发动机可以被启动的最大车辆速度。如果电动机上不存在这种负荷，则通过总运行时间的较大百分比，动力系可以以全电模式运行，而不增加电动机和电池的能力。可以通过提供机械动力源以在车辆速度高于校准值时实现发动机启动做到这一点。根据本发明，可替换的动力源是直接起动喷射式发动机，这可以以高车辆速度起动发动机。这会提高燃料经济性，并在给定驱动事件下提高总的全电驱动模式的效能。
使用直接起动喷射式发动机避免了由于这种混合动力系的设计在高车辆速度下出现的发动机起动发电机转矩的约束，例如，从图1中可以看出。所述的约束主要是由发电机的速度/转矩特性造成的，这阻止发电机在与高车辆速度相关的高发电机速度下产生足够的转矩来启动发动机。
如图2中所示，直接喷射式发动机包括多个气缸，所述多个气缸之一为冲程气缸(图2中标号65所示)，多个气缸中的另一个是膨胀冲程气缸67。为了描述的目的，仅示出了多个气缸发动机中的两个气缸。气缸65和67是多气缸直接燃料喷射式发动机的一部分，所述发动机能够不用发动机启动装置(starter motor)而启动发动机。
图1中的用于发动机10的发动机控制使用与发动机转矩命令相应的输入信号。活塞位置传感器用于识别其活塞位置位于用于直接燃料喷射的最佳位置的气缸。在上死点之后以曲柄角度测量所述位置。
使用传感器输入的发动机控制确保通过大致位于上死点和下死点之间的中点的每个活塞使发动机停止。当通过信号指令启动发动机时，燃料被喷射到压缩冲程气缸65中，如图2中的压缩冲程示图“A”所示。当用于压缩冲程气缸的火花塞点火时，如图2中的示图“B”中所示，活塞62使曲轴64轻微地反向旋转，如标号68所示。然后，由于曲轴的后向旋转，导致用于膨胀冲程气缸67的活塞向上移动，如图2中的示图“B”所示。然后，燃料被喷射到膨胀冲程气缸67中，如标号70所示。这使得在膨胀冲程气缸内压缩燃料/空气混合填充物。当填充物被点火时，如图2中的示图“C”中的标号74所示，曲轴反转为正常的方向，如标号76所示，从而使发动机正常运行。
如前面所提到的，通过图3的曲线可以看出，电机(例如，发电机20)没有能力产生足够的转矩从而以高速启动发动机。在高旋转速度下，发电机转矩急剧下降，如图3中的标号78所示。由于这个原因，发电机不能产生足够转矩来使发动机开始启动，从而起动发动机。
所示出的动力系是动力分配混合动力系的一个例子，但是本发明还可以用于具有其他结构的混合动力系，以及用于所谓的插电式混合动力电动车辆动力系，以避免上面提到的转矩约束。当车辆在仅电力驱动模式下高速移动时，不需要依赖电机来提供发动机发动转矩。
前面描述了使用具有直接启动喷射特点的发动机在高速下进行高速起动的特点。然而，当车辆速度很低时，以及当车辆速度位于校准值之上时，也可使用直接起动喷射特点来起动发动机。然后，将出现电动机转矩和发动机转矩的混合，这将对低速的发电机产生更低的负荷。然后发动机将辅助发电机。两个动力源的混合会获得更快的发动机起动。这还会使得从电驱动模式到动力分配运行模式或全机械运行模式的转换更平稳。
在另一运行模式下，可仅在发动机起动事件的开始使用直接起动喷射式发动机，来克服初始发动机惯性转矩和发动机摩擦转矩。这将节省电池能量。然后，直接起动喷射发动机将被用于在发动机启动期间补偿发电机转矩。尽管公开了本发明的实施例，但是，在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以作出修改。权利要求将覆盖所有的这些变型及其等同物。

Claims (3)

1.一种用于混合动力电动车辆的动力系，所述混合动力电动车辆具有内燃发动机、电动机、发电机、电池和齿轮组，所述发动机具有位于限定发动机燃烧室的气缸中的往复活塞，电动机和发动机机械结合到齿轮组上；
齿轮组的第一转矩输出元件和电动机通过齿轮系机械连接到车辆牵引轮上；
发电机连接到齿轮组的第二元件上；
发动机连接到齿轮组的第三元件上；
发动机具有直接起动燃料喷射特点，将燃料喷射到发动机燃烧室内，以在高于校准值的车辆速度运行过程中起动发动机，使动力系操作以动力传递运行模式运行，其中，发动机用作机械动力源，电动机是电力动力源的一部分。
2.如权利要求1所述的动力系，其中，在车辆系统控制器的控制下，电池、电动机和发电机电连接，以限定电力动力源，所述控制器用于在仅电力动力源有效的运行模式下控制发动机建立从发动机到牵引轮的机械动力流路径。
3.如权利要求2所述的动力系，其中，车辆系统控制器用于检测活塞在发动机气缸中的上死点附近的最佳位置，所述最佳位置用于在仅电力动力源有效的运行模式下当燃料喷射到气缸内并在气缸内被点火时在高车辆速度下启动发动机。
CN201010136034.5A 2009-04-29 2010-03-11 高车速启动发动机的混合动力电动车辆动力系 Expired - Fee Related CN101875298B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/431,800 US20100276218A1 (en) 2009-04-29 2009-04-29 Hybrid electric vehicle powertrain having high vehicle speed engine starts
US12/431,800 2009-04-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN101875298A true CN101875298A (zh) 2010-11-03
CN101875298B CN101875298B (zh) 2016-12-14

Family

ID=

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102009588A (zh) * 2010-11-10 2011-04-13 清华大学 单电机双离合器混合动力车辆发动机启动协调控制方法
CN103201151A (zh) * 2010-11-08 2013-07-10 丰田自动车株式会社 混合动力汽车
CN103732464A (zh) * 2011-08-09 2014-04-16 丰田自动车株式会社 混合动力车辆的控制装置
CN103889800A (zh) * 2011-10-20 2014-06-25 丰田自动车株式会社 混合动力车辆的发动机起动时控制装置
US9517763B2 (en) 2014-11-18 2016-12-13 Saic Motor Corporation Limited Control systems and methods for transmission of hybrid power vehicle
US9545840B2 (en) 2014-11-18 2017-01-17 Saic Motor Corporation Limited Hybrid-power driving system for a vehicle and a transmission thereof
US9623872B2 (en) 2015-05-29 2017-04-18 Saic Motor Corporation Limited Controlling apparatus and method for electric drive transmission of dual-motor electric vehicle
US9637115B2 (en) 2014-11-18 2017-05-02 Saic Motor Corporation Limited Control systems and methods for transmission of hybrid power vehicle
US9744841B2 (en) 2014-11-18 2017-08-29 Saic Motor Corporation Limited Hybrid-power driving system for a vehicle and a transmission thereof
US9789754B2 (en) 2014-11-14 2017-10-17 Saic Motor Corporation Limited Dual-motor power system and dual-motor hybrid power system for vehicle
CN107628024A (zh) * 2017-09-30 2018-01-26 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 混合动力系统的发动机启动方法及装置
US10144309B2 (en) 2015-05-29 2018-12-04 Saic Motor Corporation Limited Dual motor power system and control method for pure electric vehicle

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6553287B1 (en) * 2001-10-19 2003-04-22 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Hybrid electric vehicle control strategy to achieve maximum wide open throttle acceleration performance
US7013213B2 (en) * 2004-05-12 2006-03-14 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method for controlling starting of an engine in a hybrid electric vehicle powertrain
US20060254564A1 (en) * 2005-05-12 2006-11-16 Lewis Donald J Engine starting for engine having adjustable valve operation and port fuel injection
CN1993258A (zh) * 2004-10-27 2007-07-04 爱信艾达株式会社 混合动力车用驱动装置、其控制方法以及控制装置
CN101389519A (zh) * 2006-02-24 2009-03-18 罗伯特·博世有限公司 具有一个支持直接启动的分离离合器的混合驱动装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6553287B1 (en) * 2001-10-19 2003-04-22 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Hybrid electric vehicle control strategy to achieve maximum wide open throttle acceleration performance
US7013213B2 (en) * 2004-05-12 2006-03-14 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method for controlling starting of an engine in a hybrid electric vehicle powertrain
CN1993258A (zh) * 2004-10-27 2007-07-04 爱信艾达株式会社 混合动力车用驱动装置、其控制方法以及控制装置
US20060254564A1 (en) * 2005-05-12 2006-11-16 Lewis Donald J Engine starting for engine having adjustable valve operation and port fuel injection
CN101389519A (zh) * 2006-02-24 2009-03-18 罗伯特·博世有限公司 具有一个支持直接启动的分离离合器的混合驱动装置

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103201151A (zh) * 2010-11-08 2013-07-10 丰田自动车株式会社 混合动力汽车
CN102009588B (zh) * 2010-11-10 2013-03-06 清华大学 单电机双离合器混合动力车辆发动机启动协调控制方法
CN102009588A (zh) * 2010-11-10 2011-04-13 清华大学 单电机双离合器混合动力车辆发动机启动协调控制方法
CN103732464A (zh) * 2011-08-09 2014-04-16 丰田自动车株式会社 混合动力车辆的控制装置
US9260111B2 (en) 2011-08-09 2016-02-16 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Hybrid vehicle control device
CN103732464B (zh) * 2011-08-09 2016-12-14 丰田自动车株式会社 混合动力车辆的控制装置
CN103889800A (zh) * 2011-10-20 2014-06-25 丰田自动车株式会社 混合动力车辆的发动机起动时控制装置
US9789754B2 (en) 2014-11-14 2017-10-17 Saic Motor Corporation Limited Dual-motor power system and dual-motor hybrid power system for vehicle
US9517763B2 (en) 2014-11-18 2016-12-13 Saic Motor Corporation Limited Control systems and methods for transmission of hybrid power vehicle
US9637115B2 (en) 2014-11-18 2017-05-02 Saic Motor Corporation Limited Control systems and methods for transmission of hybrid power vehicle
US9744841B2 (en) 2014-11-18 2017-08-29 Saic Motor Corporation Limited Hybrid-power driving system for a vehicle and a transmission thereof
US9545840B2 (en) 2014-11-18 2017-01-17 Saic Motor Corporation Limited Hybrid-power driving system for a vehicle and a transmission thereof
US9623872B2 (en) 2015-05-29 2017-04-18 Saic Motor Corporation Limited Controlling apparatus and method for electric drive transmission of dual-motor electric vehicle
US10144309B2 (en) 2015-05-29 2018-12-04 Saic Motor Corporation Limited Dual motor power system and control method for pure electric vehicle
CN107628024A (zh) * 2017-09-30 2018-01-26 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 混合动力系统的发动机启动方法及装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20100276218A1 (en) 2010-11-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US8147366B2 (en) Power output apparatus and vehicle
CN102869526B (zh) 混合动力车辆的驱动装置
US6612963B2 (en) Power transmission system of an automobile
JP4317536B2 (ja) ハイブリッド二輪車の駆動装置及びこれを搭載するハイブリッド二輪車
US20100276218A1 (en) Hybrid electric vehicle powertrain having high vehicle speed engine starts
CN101700737B (zh) 增程型电动轿车发电机控制系统
CN101209666A (zh) 混合动力输出装置
CN100519246C (zh) 混合动力汽车的驱动系统及其操作方法
CN102815198A (zh) 基于无级变速传动的混合动力汽车驱动系统
CN102733965A (zh) 用于尤其在混合动力车中无起动器地起动内燃发动机的方法和装置
CN101152837B (zh) 混合动力车驱动装置
US20070251736A1 (en) Hydrostatic-electric drive
KR102406142B1 (ko) 마일드 하이브리드 차량의 제어 방법
US8214094B2 (en) Hybrid system for motor vehicle with internal combustion engine and motor-generator
WO2008122783A2 (en) Hybrid vehicle
CN1910356A (zh) 内燃机的控制装置以及装载有该内燃机控制装置的汽车
US10099681B2 (en) User interface apparatus of non-uniform displacement engine control system and control method of the user interface apparatus of non-uniform displacement engine control system
CN202510221U (zh) 一种混合动力发动机附件驱动系统
CN104442804A (zh) 用于控制混合动力车辆的装置和方法
CN101659204B (zh) 一种混合动力驱动系统及其驱动方法
CN111989236A (zh) 用于机动车、尤其是用于汽车的动力传动系以及用于运行这种动力传动系的方法
EP2529969B1 (en) Motor generator
CN101830220B (zh) 增程型电动轿车发电机多模式控制系统
CN201566616U (zh) 增程型电动轿车车载发电机多模式控制系统
CN201151342Y (zh) 带发动和发电一体化电机的多轴驱动混合动力汽车驱动系统

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20161214

Termination date: 20200311

CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee