CN101870778A - Pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex/chitosan blended membrane material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex/chitosan blended membrane material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex/chitosan blended membrane material and a preparation method thereof. The blended membrane material comprises the following components in part by dry weight: 100 parts of pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex and 1 to 20 parts of chitosan. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: pre-vulcanizing condensed natural rubber latex, fully stabilizing the pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex by using a stabilizing agent, then regulating the pH value of the pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex to 4 by using a regulator, then adding acetic acid solution of the chitosan into the pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex, and preparing the pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex/chitosan blended membrane material by a conventional process for producing rubber latex products with consolidation forming, leaching, drying and the like. The material has better tensile property, tearing resistance, ageing resistance, hydrophilic property and biocompatibility than the natural rubber latex, and can be used for the production of medicinal rubber latex products such as surgery gloves, medicinal examination gloves, catheters, condoms, drainage tubes and the like.
Description
[invention field]
The present invention relates to natural rubber based intermingling material and preparation method thereof, particularly a kind of pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex/chitosan blended membrane material and preparation method thereof.
[technical background]
Natural rubber latex is a kind of mainly from the biosynthesizing macromolecular material of Brazilian para ruber, and fresh natural rubber latex is weakly alkaline, and is electronegative.For the ease of transportation, store and use, be condensed into drc and be the concentrated natural latex 60% or more, add usually a certain amount of ammonia as preservatives in case latex go bad.The pH of concentrated natural latex is more than 9.Natural rubber latex has excellent film forming properties, wet gel strength, elasticity, film brute force and elongation and is easy to over-all properties such as sulfuration, therefore obtain widespread use, be particularly useful for making film article and all kinds of medical drainage tubes such as catheter and T type T-type drainage tube such as medical device product such as condom, surgical gloves, surgical examination gloves.In order to obtain preferable performance, natural rubber latex through prevulcanized (method for pre-sulphuration has sulfur vulcanization method, thiuram sulfuration method, organic peroxide sulfuration method and radiation vulanization method), is prepared into prevulcanized latex, and then carries out the production of goods usually.Yet, itself there are shortcomings such as tear resistance is poor, not ageing-resistant, not hydrophilic in the natural rubber latex goods, the residual protein of natural rubber latex goods and nitrosamine etc. have potential allergy or carcinogenic risk, natural rubber latex also less than synthetic materialss such as urethane and silicon rubber, is further used it and has been subjected to considerable restraint on biocompatibility.Improve the ageing-resistant and tear resistance of natural rubber latex goods, improve the research emphasis that its biocompatibility is this area always.
Chitosan be a kind of from shrimp, crab or pupa maggot animal shell chitin extraction, handle the natural positively charged ion biological polyoses obtain through chemical process again.Chitosan has superior biocompatibility and biodegradability, in vivo can be by slowly degradeds such as N,O-Diacetylmuramidases, degraded product is small molecules such as glucosamine, do not produce immune response,, nonirritant nontoxic, non-carcinogenesis to human body, and can promote the synthetic of human body mucopolysaccharide, have tangible hemostasis and anti-inflammatory analgesic and anti-microbial effect, have a wide range of applications in technical field of biological material.Chitosan is water insoluble, only is dissolved in mineral acids such as dilute hydrochloric acid, rare nitric acid and the most rare organic acid.
Chitosan and other polymkeric substance are carried out blending and modifying, can keep the fundamental property of these polymkeric substance, can obtain the biological property of chitosan excellence again, make intermingling material have good comprehensive performances.[the mechanical property research of chitosan micro mist/bio-medical polyurethane mixture film such as Chen Yubo, synthesis material aging and application, 2008,37 (1): 35-37] chitosan micro mist and the bio-medical polyurethane solution blend film for preparing with casting method, have enough mechanical properties, can obtain desirable water-absorbent again; Meng Xiaorong etc. [the extracorporeal blood consistency of chitosan-poly butyric ester blend film is estimated, functional materials, 2009,40 (3): 435-437] with chitosan and poly butyric ester blend, have improved blood compatibility; The quick grade of power (CN 200610042430.5) is mixed and made into chitose coating with medical biological material (natural rubber latex and glycerine are as softening agent) with chitosan, polyhexamethylene guanidine polymer derivant, natural rubber latex, glycerine.Natural rubber latex is not carried out vulcanization crosslinking, mechanical property is relatively poor.And chitosan is to add in the natural rubber latex with the water dispersion form, and dispersion effect is also bad.Rao V etc. are with natural rubber latex and chitosan blend and after solidifying, utilize hydraulic pressure vulcanizing machine again, the thermoplastic material of mold pressing certain hour (10min) preparation under 10 tons pressure, has favorable mechanical performance and thermostability [Mechanical properties of thermoplastic elastomeric blends of chitosan and natural rubberlatex, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2007,107 (4): 2217-2223; Thermal behaviour ofchitosan/natural rubber latex blends-TG and DSC analysis, Journal of Thermal Analysis andCalorimetry, 2008,92 (3): 801-806; Characterization of natural rubber latex/chitosan blends, International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization, 2008,13 (4): 280-291; Mechanical properties and swelling behaviour of crosslinked natural rubber/chitosan blend, International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization, 2009,14 (6): 508-526].This method relates to main equipments such as using vulcanizer, is applicable to dried glue production of articles, but is not suitable for the latex product that ionic depositing method or straight dipping process or injection molding or extruding process etc. are made than simple process.
[summary of the invention]
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of have good tensile property, tear resistance, ageing-resistant performance, and hydrophilicity and physiologically acceptable performance, and be applicable to medical latex products such as ionic depositing method or injection molding or straight dipping process or heat sensitive process production surgical gloves, surgical examination gloves, catheter, condom, drainage tube, and latex product production such as tourniquet bandage, also can be used as the pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex/chitosan blended membrane material and preparation method thereof that coated material improves the surface property of latex product simultaneously.
Pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex/chitosan blended membrane material of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises following component by dry weight part:
By 100 parts of the pre-vulcanized natural latexes of dried glue;
1～20 part of chitosan.
In order to prepare pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex/chitosan blended membrane material of the present invention, also can add the stablizer of 2～3 parts of weight parts and an amount of conditioning agent and diluted acid.
Weight part of the present invention can be known content units such as gram or kilogram.
Pre-vulcanized natural latex of the present invention, be to be 60% with drc, ammonia content is that 0.7% concentrated natural latex is a raw material, can adopt the sulfur vulcanization method, thiuram sulfuration method, organic peroxide sulfuration method and the preparation of radiation vulanization method, preferably adopt by Sulfur, promotor ZDC and zinc oxide are formed, consumption is respectively 0.8% of concentrated natural latex drc, the sulfur vulcanization method preparation that 0.4% and 0.4% sulfur sulfide system was made in 60 ℃ of sulfurations in 2 hours, and in the pre-vulcanized natural latex of making, add 1.0% the anti-aging agent Wingstay L that consumption is the concentrated natural latex drc; Chitosan of the present invention, its deacetylation should be greater than 75%, and first-selected deacetylation is greater than 90% chitosan; Stablizer of the present invention, optional fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether or casein or cetrimonium bronmide or chlorination dodecyl pyridine or dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium bromide, preferred fat polyoxyethylenated alcohol; Conditioning agent of the present invention, optional mineral acid or organic acid, preferred concentration are 36% acetate; Diluted acid of the present invention, organic acid and faintly acid dilute solutions such as optional acetate, formic acid, Whitfield's ointment, tartrate, lactic acid, succsinic acid, oxalic acid, oxysuccinic acid, xitix, preferred acetic acid,diluted.
The preparation method of pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex/chitosan blended membrane material of the present invention comprises the steps:
A, adopt the sulfur vulcanization legal system to be equipped with pre-vulcanized natural latex concentrated natural latex;
B, under agitation add the stablizer fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, after continuing to stir 0.5～1.0h, under high-speed stirring, add conditioning agent acetate rapidly, its pH value is adjusted to 4, obtain the acidifying pre-vulcanized natural latex;
C, chitosan is dissolved into concentration with acetic acid solution is 2% chitosan acetic acid,diluted solution;
D. the chitosan acetic acid,diluted solution with " c " preparation adds in the acidifying pre-vulcanized natural latex of " b " preparation, stirs 2～3h, filters then, leaves standstill froth breaking, obtains pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex/chitosan blended emulsion;
E. with the pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex/chitosan blended emulsion of " d " preparation with injection molding or ionic depositing method moulding, at air drying, obtain the blend glued membrane, with the blend glued membrane in deionized water under room temperature leaching 24h, and then 50 ℃ of down oven dry.
[the key problem in technology point of invention]
Key problem in technology point of the present invention is:
Solve the blend problem of natural rubber latex and powdery chitosan preferably, obtained significant effect.Because directly the powdery chitosan is joined in the natural rubber latex, not only because of particle diameter is big, wettability is bad, and dispersity is very poor in latex, and can cause rubber particles dehydration and solidify; Because natural rubber latex is alkalescence, and chitosan is only soluble in rare organic acid and mineral acid such as formic acid, acetate and hydrochloric acid etc., if directly the chitosan dilute acid soln is added in the pre-vulcanized natural latex, also will inevitably cause solidifying of latex, subsequent handling can't be carried out.After the present invention fully stablizes pre-vulcanized natural latex with stablizer, under agitation be transferred to acidity with the pH regulator agent, and with latex with negative charge change into positive charge, add the chitosan dilute acid soln then, leave standstill froth breaking after fully stirring, obtain pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex/chitosan blended membrane material with injection molding, ionic depositing method or straight dipping process or extruding process, carry out the production of latex product.
The pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex/chitosan blended membrane material of the present invention's preparation has following unusual effect:
-kept the tensile strength of pre-vulcanized natural latex glued membrane, be 15.8～25MPa;
-500% stress at definite elongation is 3.2～14.7MPa, and tear strength is 48.8～69.3kN/m, and shore a hardness is 38～68, all improves a lot than pure pre-vulcanized natural latex, and elongation rate of tensile failure is 550～850%, has kept extending preferably performance substantially;
-after 70 ℃ * 72h was aging, stretching strength retentivity was 93%～133%, the elongation rate of tensile failure conservation rate is 105%～122%, has good durability energy.
-water-intake rate is 2.2～14.2 times of pre-vulcanized natural latex glued membrane, shows excellent hydrophilicity.
[embodiment]
The present invention will be described hereinafter to adopt indefiniteness embodiment.Except as otherwise noted, the umber that hereinafter adopts is a weight part.
Embodiment 1
A. with drc be 100 parts concentrated natural latex stable after, add and mix the sulfuration agent dispersion, in 60 ℃ of heating 2h down, after parking 3 days, filter, obtain pre-vulcanized natural latex, add consumption and be 1.0% anti-aging agent Wingstay L of concentrated natural latex drc, standby.
B. with " a " preparation prevulcanized latex, under agitation add 2.0 parts of concentration and be 10% fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, after continuing to stir 0.5h, under high-speed stirring, add concentration rapidly and be 36% acetate, with its pH regulator is 4, obtains the acidifying pre-vulcanized natural latex.
C. with deacetylation greater than 1 part, 3 parts, 5 parts of 90% chitosans, being dissolved into concentration with 1% acetic acid solution respectively is 2% chitosan acetic acid solution.
D. the chitosan acetic acid,diluted solution with " c " preparation adds in the acidifying pre-vulcanized natural latex of " b " preparation, stirs 2h, filters then, leaves standstill froth breaking, obtains pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex/chitosan blended emulsion;
E. the pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex/chitosan blended emulsion that " d " prepared at air drying, obtains the blend glued membrane with injection molding or ionic depositing method moulding.The blend glued membrane in the mobile deionized water under room temperature leaching 24h, then 50 ℃ of down oven dry.
Adopt the pre-vulcanized natural latex in contrast of " a " preparation,, do not add chitosan, handle as stated above, be prepared into the pre-vulcanized natural latex glued membrane, obtain the blank sample without acidifying.
Embodiment 2
A. with drc be 100 parts concentrated natural latex stable after, add and mix the sulfuration agent dispersion, in 60 ℃ of heating 2h down, after parking 3 days, filter, obtain pre-vulcanized natural latex, add consumption and be 1.0% anti-aging agent Wingstay L of concentrated natural latex drc, standby.
B. with " a " preparation prevulcanized latex, under agitation add 2.5 parts of concentration and be 10% fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, after continuing to stir 0.5～1.0h, under high-speed stirring, add concentration rapidly and be 36% acetate, with its pH regulator is 4, obtains the acidifying pre-vulcanized natural latex.
C. with deacetylation greater than 7 parts, 10 parts of 90% chitosans, being dissolved into concentration with 1% acetic acid solution respectively is 2% chitosan acetic acid solution.
D. the chitosan acetic acid,diluted solution with " c " preparation adds in the acidifying pre-vulcanized natural latex of " b " preparation, stirs 2.5h, filters then, leaves standstill froth breaking, obtains pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex/chitosan blended emulsion;
E. the pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex/chitosan blended emulsion that " d " prepared at air drying, obtains the blend glued membrane with injection molding or ionic depositing method moulding.The blend glued membrane in the mobile deionized water under room temperature leaching 24h, then 50 ℃ of down oven dry.
Embodiment 3
A. with drc be 100 parts concentrated natural latex stable after, add and mix the sulfuration agent dispersion, in 60 ℃ of heating 2h down, after parking 3 days, filter, obtain pre-vulcanized natural latex, add consumption and be 1.0% anti-aging agent Wingstay L of concentrated natural latex drc, standby.
B. with " a " preparation prevulcanized latex, under agitation add 3.0 parts of concentration and be 10% fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, after continuing to stir 0.5～1.0h, under high-speed stirring, add concentration rapidly and be 36% acetate, with its pH regulator is 4, obtains the acidifying pre-vulcanized natural latex.
C. with deacetylation greater than 15 parts and 20 parts of 90% chitosans, being dissolved into concentration with 1% acetic acid solution respectively is 2% chitosan acetic acid solution.
D. the chitosan acetic acid,diluted solution with " c " preparation adds in the acidifying pre-vulcanized natural latex of " b " preparation, stirs 3h, filters then, leaves standstill froth breaking, obtains pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex/chitosan blended emulsion;
E. the pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex/chitosan blended emulsion that " d " prepared at air drying, obtains the blend glued membrane with injection molding or ionic depositing method moulding.The blend glued membrane in the mobile deionized water under room temperature leaching 24h, then 50 ℃ of down oven dry.
[subordinate list explanation]
Table 1 is the physical and mechanical property measurement result of the pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex/chitosan blended glued membrane of embodiment 1, example 2 and example 3 described method preparations.As seen from Table 1, along with the adding of chitosan, the stress at definite elongation of blend glued membrane, tear strength and Shore A hardness all significantly improve.When the chitosan add-on was 15 parts, stress at definite elongation and tear strength reached maximum value, and be on a declining curve subsequently, but all be superior to blank sample; Shore A hardness then is linear increase trend with the adding of chitosan.When the add-on of chitosan below 10 parts the time, little to the tensile strength influence of glued membrane, have higher elongation rate of tensile failure simultaneously; And tensile strength and the elongation rate of tensile failure of 70 ℃ * 72h after aging is respectively 93%～133% and 105%～122%, shows that the adding of chitosan can improve the ageing-resistant performance of pre-vulcanized natural latex glued membrane.
Table 2 is water absorbing properties measurement results of the pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex/chitosan blended glued membrane of embodiment 1, example 2 and example 3 described method preparations.As can be seen from Table 2, along with the adding of chitosan, the water-intake rate of blend glued membrane significantly improves.The hydrophilicity that shows the blend glued membrane has obtained tangible improvement.
Table 1 adds the physical and mechanical property of the pre-vulcanized natural latex glued membrane of different amount chitosans
Table 2 adds the equilibrium water absorption of the pre-vulcanized natural latex glued membrane of different amount chitosans
| Chitosan content (to the umber of per 100 parts of dried glue) | ??0 | ??1 | ??3 | ??5 | ??7 | ??10 | ??15 | ??20 |
| Equilibrium water absorption (%) | ??1.2 | ??2.6 | ??5.2 | ??8.0 | ??10.3 | ??12.0 | ??15.4 | ??17.1 |
Claims (5)
1. pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex/chitosan blended membrane material is characterized in that comprising following component by dry weight part:
By 100 parts of the pre-vulcanized natural latexes of dried glue;
1～20 part of chitosan.
2. pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex/chitosan blended membrane material according to claim 1 also can add the stablizer of 2～3 parts of weight parts and an amount of conditioning agent and diluted acid when it is characterized in that preparing.
3. the preparation method of pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex/chitosan blended membrane material according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
A, adopt the sulfur vulcanization legal system to be equipped with pre-vulcanized natural latex in concentrated natural glue;
B, under agitation add the stablizer fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, after continuing to stir 0.5～1.0h, under high-speed stirring, add conditioning agent acetate rapidly, its pH value is adjusted to 4, obtain the acidifying pre-vulcanized natural latex;
C, chitosan is dissolved into concentration with acetic acid solution is 2% chitosan acetic acid,diluted solution;
D. the chitosan acetic acid,diluted solution with " c " preparation adds in the acidifying pre-vulcanized natural latex of " b " preparation, stirs 2～3h, filters then, leaves standstill froth breaking, obtains pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex/chitosan blended emulsion;
E. with the pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex/chitosan blended emulsion of " d " preparation with injection molding or ionic depositing method moulding, at air drying, obtain the blend glued membrane, with the blend glued membrane in deionized water under room temperature leaching 24h, and then 50 ℃ of down oven dry.
4. pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex/chitosan blended membrane material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described pre-vulcanized natural latex be with drc be 60%, ammonia content is that 0.7% concentrated natural latex is a raw material, adopts by Sulfur, promotor ZDC and zinc oxide is formed, consumption is respectively the concentrated natural latex drc that 0.8%, 0.4% and 0.4% sulfur sulfide system vulcanizes in 60 ℃ made in 2 hours.
5. pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex/chitosan blended membrane material according to claim 1, the deacetylation that it is characterized in that described chitosan is greater than 90%.
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| CN113150405A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-07-23 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | Low-hardness high-tear-resistance natural latex material suitable for space environment and preparation method thereof |
| CN113788971A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2021-12-14 | 华东理工大学 | Deproteinized natural rubber/chitosan composite membrane and preparation method thereof |
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