CN101870474B - Method for preparing quartz sand concentrate by mineral separation of desert aeolian sand - Google Patents
Method for preparing quartz sand concentrate by mineral separation of desert aeolian sand Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to an industrial utilization method of desert aeolian sand, and particularly discloses a method for preparing quartz sand concentrate by mineral separation of desert aeolian sand, which comprises an early-stage iron removal process and a later-stage quartz separation process, wherein the early-stage iron removal process specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, dry magnetic separation is carried out on desert aeolian sand, concentrate obtained after the dry magnetic separation is subjected to gravity separation, the concentrate obtained after the gravity separation is subjected to strong scrubbing and graded desliming, then wet magnetic separation is carried out, and finally the obtained iron-removed concentrate is subjected to later quartz separation process to obtain a quartz sand concentrate product. The process provided by the invention has the advantages of water saving, consumption reduction and cost reduction, and can be used for producing high-quality quartz sand concentrate by fully utilizing the existing aeolian sand resources.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the industrial utilization method of a kind of desert drift-sand, relate in particular to a kind of method of utilizing the desert drift-sand to prepare quartz concentrate.
Background technology
In recent years, with annual more than 60,000 square kilometre speed development expansion, direct threats is to existent environment of people for global Desertification area.According to authoritative document announcement, the NORTHWEST CHINA area just advances to Desertification with the surprising speed in 2000 square kilometres of every year, and the annual financial loss that causes to China reaches more than 500 hundred million yuan, and what more let people's worry is that the ecotope has here received serious destruction.
The desert drift-sand is acknowledged as useless sand, calamity is husky, misfortune is husky, and few people carry out research and utilization to it.Over the years, human improvement desert drift-sand mainly is in the surface layer of desert planting trees and grass, but because the extreme climate environment in the desert, the survival rate of tree planting is low, and the sand control effect is bad.China former drift-sand development corporation, Ltd. has proposed industriallization with new approaches husky, the industriallization sand control, widening the industry approach of desert industrialized utilization, and fundamentally removes disastrous sources of sandstorms, reaches the purpose of effecting a permanent cure.
The staple of desert drift-sand is quartz and feldspar, and its quartz content is generally more than 30%, and feldspar content is generally more than 40%.Aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert main chemical compositions is SiO
2And Al
2O
3, its SiO
2Content generally can reach more than 70%, and Al
2O
3Content is generally more than 10%; Next is Na
2O, Fe
2O
3With compositions such as CaO, content possibly also contain a spot of MgO and TiO basically all more than 1%
2
Quartz is mainly used in industries such as glass, refractory materials, pottery, casting, oil, chemical industry, environmental protection, grinding.Konilite also can be used in cement, glass polishing, fire-resistant mixed earth, coating, pigment and the enamel in industry such as paint, plastics, rubber, also can making filler or extender as filler.Secondly; Quartzy unique physical, the chemical property that is had; Make it in the IT industry of Aeronautics and Astronautics, electronics, machinery and current develop rapidly, occupy critical role; Particularly its inherent molecular chain structure, crystal shape and lattice variations rule; Make its have high temperature resistant, thermal expansivity is little, high-insulation, corrosion-resistant, piezoelectric effect, resonance effect and unique optical characteristics, in many high-tech products (high purity metal silicon, communication with optical fiber etc.), is bringing into play more and more important.Feldspar since fusing point between 1100 ℃～1300 ℃, chemicalstability is good, and characteristics such as fluxing action are arranged with quartz and silicate congruent melting the time, often is used to the fusing assistant making glass and make ceramic base glaze, and can reduces firing temperature.
Usually, sheet glass and float glass are to the higher (SiO of silica sand ingredient requirement
2>=98%, Al
2O
3≤1.0%, Fe
2O
3≤0.1%), ware glass (glassware, container glass) is to the low slightly (SiO of silica sand ingredient requirement
2>=90%, Al
2O
3≤4.0%, Fe
2O
3≤0.35%).Glass industry is generally Fe to felspathic requirement
2O
3＜0.3%, ceramic first class product is generally Fe to felspathic requirement
2O
3＜0.2%.
Therefore; The contrast ware glass is used the sand standard, and aluminium is high in the drift-sand of desert, silicon is low, iron is high, titanium is high, if make full use of desert drift-sand resource and it is carried out ore dressing processing; Then precondition is that can be through reasonably falling iron, falling impurity removal process flow process such as aluminium; Effectively reduce the content of iron, titanium and aluminium in the drift-sand of desert, so just can reach the basic demand of glass industry, for industrial utilization provides a kind of novel mineral deposit resource.
The method that is used for ore dressing deironing (titanium) in the prior art has magnetic method, gravity separation method, flotation deironing, acidleach deironing, UW deironing and mikrobe deironing or the like, but single ore dressing method for removing iron all exists separately defective and deficiency.For example the acidleach deironing is to utilize quartzy (feldspar) to be insoluble to acid (except for hydrofluoric acid), and ferruginous impure mineral is dissolved by acid, thereby realizes the purpose of deironing; Pickling process acid commonly used has sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, but acid expends the usefulness height, and environmental pollution is big, the enhancing of Along with people's environmental consciousness, and its range of application more and more is restricted.And for example the UW deironing mainly is high frequency (20000 hertz) sound wave that relies on medium to propagate, and when UW conducts in solution, produces many compressions, expansion area; Form countless bubbles, the formation of bubble and break (cavitation phenomenon), liquid internal pressure is undergone mutation; Thereby with shockwave (pressure can reach several thousand to several ten thousand normal atmosphere); Under the effect of this shockwave, the iron-bearing mineral that sticks to particle surface splits away off the entering liquid phase from particle surface, thereby reaches the purpose of deironing; But UW iron removal technology relative complex, cost is higher.The mikrobe deironing is to utilize mikrobe such as black-koji mould that surperficial iron is soaked to remove, and can be used for soaking the film iron on particle-removing surface or contaminating iron, but de-ironing efficiency is lower, and effect also remains further to be improved.Therefore, how to combine and optimize existing deironing (titanium) method, and it effectively is applied in the ore-dressing technique of desert drift-sand, this becomes a prerequisite property condition of the restriction desert drift-sand utilization of resources.
Except above-mentioned deironing (titanium) problem to the desert drift-sand, finally also relate in the drift-sand of desert quartzy and felspathic sorting problem, can this be the final decision sexual factor that utilize quartz mine and feldspar ore deposit in the drift-sand of desert.Domestic main use flotation partition method separates with feldspar quartzy at present, comprises that specifically hydrofluoric acid method, free-floride have acid system and three kinds of methods of floride-free no acid system.The hydrofluoric acid method is to be acvator with hydrofluoric acid, adopts amine cation-collecting agent down at strongly-acid (pH=2～3).The hydrofluoric acid method is widely used because of its effective, easy control, index are stable, but fluorion is to the erosion action in soil and very big to the destruction of ecotope on every side.It is to replace hydrofluoric acid with other acid that free-floride has acid system, solves the pollution problem of fluorion.Floride-free no acid system is under neutral or alkaline condition, through the rational allocation of zwitterion collecting agent, creates the high density flotation of ore pulp environment of a uniqueness, the differential flotation impure mineral, but feldspar and quartzy separating effect difference are bigger.Therefore, how to select for use and optimize existing floatation separation process, and combine with aforementioned deironing (titanium) technology, can this just become a deciding factor that finally realize the desert drift-sand utilization of resources.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is the deficiency that overcomes prior art, provides a kind of water-saving consumption-reduction, cost to reduce, can make full use of the method for utilizing separating and preparing quartz sand concentrate from wind-laid sand in desert that existing resource is produced high-quality quartz concentrate.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above; The technical scheme that the present invention proposes is a kind of method of utilizing separating and preparing quartz sand concentrate from wind-laid sand in desert; This method comprises deferrization process and quartzy separating technology of later stage in earlier stage; Said early stage, deferrization process specifically may further comprise the steps: at first the desert drift-sand is carried out dry type magnetic separation and separate, the concentrate after dry type magnetic separation is separated carries out gravity treatment to be separated, and the concentrate after gravity treatment is separated carries out brute force scouring, graded desliming; Carry out wet magnetic separation then and separate, iron ore concentrate quartzy separating technology postmenstruation that removes after wet magnetic separation separates obtains silica sand concentrate product.
The proposition of technique scheme is based on the basis to rigorous composition analysis of desert drift-sand and mineral composition.We have carried out the chemical phase analysis of quantitative spectrometric analysis, multielement chemical composition analysis and iron to aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert, and according to the data results that analysis obtains, we find:
(1) staple in the desert aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit is SiO
2And Al
2O
3, the two content sum reaches more than 80%; Next is Na
2O, K
2O, Fe and CaO etc.;
(2) sample F e in the desert aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit
2O
3Content is more than 1%, TiO
2Content is approximately 0.33%;
(3) Fe all has distribution in the desert aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit in the different sorts mineral; The Fe accounting that wherein is red (brown) iron ore output is up to about 40%; And compose the Fe exist in magnetite and the ilmenite all about 10%, the then main form with the silicates mineral of rest part exists.
In addition, we utilize X-ray diffraction and ESEM that mineral composition and analysis on Content have been carried out in aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert, and result of study shows that the total content of raw ore andesine ore deposit and quartz mine contains iron ore about 1% near 80%.Meet the quartz concentrate that industrial application requires in order to utilize aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert to prepare, at first need fall iron this raw ore.
Analysis through us can be known; The iron mineral that exists in the aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert mainly contains rhombohedral iron ore, ilmenite, magnetite and a small amount of limonite etc. and (composes and exist the total content of iron in these iron minerals to be about 0.7%; Its distribution proportion accounts for more than 60%); And these mineral exist with monomer granulous form mostly; Based on this, mainly comprised the built-up type deironing scheme that a kind of dry type magnetic separation-gravity treatment-brute force scouring-wet magnetic separation combines in the method for the invention described above, can separate through this technical scheme and remove most iron in the raw ore; And its distribution proportion of iron that is present in silicate, the quartz accounts for about 35%; This part iron is mainly with the form output of iron content silicates mineral such as hornblende, pyroxene, chlorite; But their magnetic and proportion are usually less than aforesaid iron mineral; But in heavily magnetic separation process, having part iron equally gets in the mine tailing; Therefore, can make the iron level in the aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert drop to desired level basically, so that carry out follow-up quartzy floatation separation process through technique scheme of the present invention.
On the basis of technique scheme; Later stage, quartzy separating technology can be the floatation separation process of routine; Hydrofluoric acid method floatation separation process etc. for example; But the said later stage, quartzy separating technology preferably included following steps: the advanced row brute force of iron ore concentrate of removing to said early stage, deferrization process obtained is cleaned, and carries out graded desliming then, has acid flotation process to obtain the silica sand concentrate through free-floride at last.Adopt this optimized technical scheme not only can isolate satisfactory quartz concentrate and (make Al
2O
3Content is dropped to below 4.0% by about 15% in the aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert), the more important thing is to have reduced greatly to the pollution of environment with to the destruction of ecology, be the floatation separation process of a kind of environmental protection more, safety.In addition; For the aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert of not carrying out the deferrization process in early stage,, make it compare surface properties with minal and differ bigger because this raw ore surface impurity is more; Can have a strong impact on the isolating effect of quartzy ore dressing; Only carry out the powerful scouring in surface in this case, be difficult to reach the index of product application requirement, therefore in order to remove the raw ore surface impurity; Need carry out ore grinding earlier and dissociate, promptly quartzy separating technology need adopt rod milling-desliming classification-magnetic separation-surperficial scrub process-free-floride that the operation steps of sour flotation is arranged the later stage.And quartzy separating technology of preferred later stage of the present invention is considered just with deferrization process in earlier stage and is matched;, free-floride only need the powerful scouring of increase and two simple operation steps of graded desliming to meet the demands before having acid flotation process; This mainly is that wherein felspathic flotability has obtained large increase because the concentrate after the deironing has carried out removal of impurities and surperficial powerful scrub process.It is thus clear that quartzy separating technology of this preferred later stage can be had complementary advantages with deferrization process formation in early stage of the present invention, and is not only simple to operate, energy-saving and cost-reducing, and separating effect is better.
As further improvement to above-mentioned quartzy separating technology of preferred later stage; Said free-floride has acid flotation process preferably to adopt sulfuric acid as acvator; Preferred coco amine and the petroleum sodium sulfonate of adopting obtains the silica sand concentrate through after roughly selecting and repeatedly scanning then as collecting agent.From our experimental data, scan twice and can satisfy the product industrial application requirements, therefore saw with becoming originally from production efficiency that most preferred work flow was for roughly selecting once, scan twice.
As to the above-mentioned further improvements in methods of utilizing separating and preparing quartz sand concentrate from wind-laid sand in desert; The mass ratio of coco amine and petroleum sodium sulfonate is preferably 1: 5 in the said collecting agent; Saidly roughly select that the consumption of collecting agent is preferably 3000g/t～6000g/t in the operation, saidly scan that the consumption of collecting agent is preferably 1000g/t～2000g/t in the operation.According to the test-results of our collector dosage, collector dosage after a little while, the feldspar float-amount is less, when reaching above-mentioned preferred collector dosage, the flotation concentrate productive rate is comparatively suitable.
In the above-mentioned method of utilizing separating and preparing quartz sand concentrate from wind-laid sand in desert, said dry type magnetic separation separate preferably include before and after twice high intensity magnetic separation separation operation, the magneticstrength during said high intensity magnetic separation sorting is 13000～15000 Gausses.Said dry type magnetic separation separating step generally is in an intensity magnetic separator (like rare earth permanent magnet roll-type dry high-magnetic separation machine), to carry out.According to us to aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert Study on Properties result; The iron-bearing mineral kind is more in the aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert; Have hematite-limonite and the magnetic of the ilmenite of ferromagnetic magnetite, middle magnetic, weak magnetic very weak contain ferrosilicate, therefore, when the sorting magneticstrength is 2000 Gausses; Can remove ferromagnetic magnetite; When the sorting magneticstrength is 5000 Gausses, can remove the ilmenite of ferromagnetic magnetite and middle magnetic, for hematite-limonite with contain weak magnetic mineral such as ferrosilicate, must adopt the high intensity magnetic separation equipment more than 10000 teslas just can reach separating effect preferably.Our magnetic separation testing data has also further been verified this result, when the sorting magneticstrength is 2000 Gausses, and the Fe of magnetic concentrate
2O
3Content is reduced to about 1.2%, has only reduced by 0.3%; And when the sorting magneticstrength is 5000 Gausses, the Fe of magnetic concentrate
2O
3Content is reduced to about 0.9%.In addition; Our contrast test electromagnetism clamping plate Wet-type strong magnetic separators, permanent-magnet chamber type Wet-type strong magnetic separator and rare earth permanent magnet roll-type dry high-magnetic separation machine; Through comparing deironing (titanium) effect of these three kinds of magnetic plants, we propose preferably to adopt rare earth permanent magnet roll-type dry high-magnetic separation machine to carry out the dry type magnetic separation separation earlier.Through a separation operation of this rare earth permanent magnet roll-type dry high-magnetic separation machine, the Fe of magnetic concentrate
2O
3Content can be reduced to about 0.6%, TiO
2Content then is reduced to about 0.12%; Through twice separation operation, Fe
2O
3Can be reduced to about 0.5% TiO
2Content then reduces to 0.11%.The preferred operations of above-mentioned relevant dry type magnetic separation separating step all is the improvement that proposed to desert this special raw ore of drift-sand.
In the above-mentioned method of utilizing separating and preparing quartz sand concentrate from wind-laid sand in desert, said gravity treatment separating step preferably carries out in a spiral concentrator (like spiral chute).Gravity treatment is to utilize mineral grain proportion difference in size to realize light, the isolating a kind of dressing method of heavy mineral.And according to our the ore composition analysis to the desert drift-sand; All contain garnet, hornblende, pyroxene, rutile, zircon, tourmalinite, urdite and various iron heavy minerals such as (titaniums) as the one of which; Therefore the gravity treatment separation is the effective ways in aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, purification desert, and its preferred gravitational separation equipment is a spiral chute.We single-mindedly sweep three times and sort flow test with the sorting test and thick that spiral chute has carried out three kinds of different operating conditions respectively, and test-results shows that raw ore adopts spiral chute to carry out sorting, and iron wherein and titanium have all obtained reduction by a relatively large margin; Test-results shows that also raw ore adopts a spiral chute separation operation, and concentrate yield should be advisable about 90%.From various gravity treatment lock out operation, adopt the one thick one single-minded mode of operation of sweeping and a sorting flow process relatively, the iron of selected concentrate does not obviously reduce; The iron of scavenger concentrate, titanium content are also higher; Therefore, as long as select suitable spiral chute operational condition, there is not necessity of two sections sortings.Certainly, according to the industrial production experience, can consider that scavenger concentrate returns the technical process of choosing again.
In the above-mentioned method of utilizing separating and preparing quartz sand concentrate from wind-laid sand in desert; Said powerful the scouring preferably is meant the mechanical scrub of in vertical stirring scrubber, carrying out; In the said mechanical scrub step: the consumption of cleaning medicament sodium hydroxide is 0.1%～0.4% (massfraction); The scouring rotating speed is 500r/min～2000r/min, and the scouring time is 30min～60min.Aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert property research shows that quartz particles has small amounts of iron shale dirt pits, and feldspar part particle surface has argillization, iron to dye and sericitization, and particle surface is unholiness; Secondly, through the concentrate Fe after magnetic separation and the gravity treatment
2O
3Content still can not reach industrial application and require index still more than 0.4%, and therefore, it is that ten minutes is necessary as replenishing just that the present invention separates the powerful scouring-graded desliming step of back employing in gravity treatment.The scouring technology comprises rod milling scouring, mechanical scrub etc., and the present invention preferably adopts mechanical scrub.The factor that influences the mechanical scrub effect mainly is constructional feature and the collocation form from scrubber, secondly also has the scouring time, cleans pulp density etc.In general, the efficient of mechanical scrub improves along with the increase of cleaning concentration, because increase scouring concentration the probability of collision between the particle is increased, and the preferred ore pulp of the present invention is cleaned concentration about 65%).According to our requirement to desert drift-sand dressing product quality, the scouring time is unsuitable long, because overlong time can strengthen equipment attrition and energy consumption, preferably the scouring time is 30min～60min in the present invention.Though there is experiment to show; Scrubbing ball medium (for example
5mm high aluminium ball) ratio is high more; It is good more to clean de-ferrous effect, but after the scouring classification+150 linearly downtrendings of order grade product yield; When ball heavy with ore deposit anharmonic ratio example when being 30%, the iron level of+150 order grade products can drop to 0.23%, but productive rate is merely 60.74%, does not therefore advise adding ball in the powerful scouring process of the present invention and cleans.
In the above-mentioned method of utilizing separating and preparing quartz sand concentrate from wind-laid sand in desert, said graded desliming is preferably accomplished on one 150 purpose high frequency shale shakers.
In the above-mentioned method of utilizing separating and preparing quartz sand concentrate from wind-laid sand in desert, said wet magnetic separation separation is preferably carried out in wet type electromagnetism intensity magnetic separator, and the magneticstrength of said wet type electromagnetism intensity magnetic separator sorting is controlled at 11000～14000 Gausses (adjustable).Behind powerful scouring of the present invention and graded desliming; Product has new iron mineral and dissociates; Has the secondary iron pollution in producing in addition; Therefore behind the graded desliming+and 150 purpose products also need magnetic separation to carry out quality control, consider production practical situation and production cost (drying cost), and wet high-intensity magnetic optional equipments such as electromagnetism clamping plate Wet-type strong magnetic separator or permanent-magnet chamber type Wet-type strong magnetic separator are preferably adopted in the magnetic separation of this section.
Compared with prior art; The invention has the advantages that: the present invention is directed against character, composition and the mineral composition in aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert especially; Multimedia associating deferrization process flow processs such as a kind of collection magnetic separation, gravity treatment, scouring have been adopted; Compare the technical process of adopting single one or both simple combination, early stage of the present invention, deferrization process can make Fe in the aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert
2O
3And TiO
2Content drops to below the product application required standard; In addition, because water ratio is merely about 1% in the raw ore, so the present invention adopts dry type to roughly select earlier to separate and carries out deironing, titanium, carries out technologies such as gravity treatment separates, powerful scourings, graded desliming again, can reduce like this to produce water and consume, and saves production cost; In the raw ore-0.10mm (150 order) content is merely 3.83%; According to knowhow; The dry type magnetic separation mine tailing can be taken away major part-0.10mm material; Therefore in the concentrate after gravity treatment separates-and the 0.10mm material is few, does not need direct 150 order desliming classifications, and carry out 150 order desliming classifications again after only need powerfully cleaning and get final product.Test-results shows that also technical scheme of the present invention makes Fe
2O
3And TiO
2Outside content reduces significantly, Al
2O
3Content is decrease to some degree also, simultaneously SiO
2Content obtains raising to a certain degree, and this all has positive meaning to follow-up quartzy floatation separation process.
In addition, optimized technical scheme of the present invention can also realize effectively that quartz effectively separates Al in the quartz concentrate in the aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert with felspathic
2O
3Content can be reduced to below 4%, and the quartz concentrate product that obtains at last can directly be used as glass industry, for a kind of brand-brand-new way has been opened up in the production of industrial quartz concentrate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is preparing method's in the embodiment of the invention a process flow sheet.
Fig. 2 is the X-ray diffraction analysis collection of illustrative plates of raw ore in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the X-ray diffraction analysis collection of illustrative plates of the heavy sand product through enrichment in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is an embodiment of the invention mid-early stage deferrization process schema.
Fig. 5 is quartzy separation process scheme figure of embodiment of the invention middle and later periods.
Embodiment
Embodiment
Hair Wu Su desert is positioned at the Inner Mongol, Shaanxi and the Ningxia area that crosses, and about more than 30,000 square kilometres of desert distribution area is one of China's eight nefuds.Present embodiment is a raw material with hair Wu Su desert drift-sand, satisfies the quartz concentrate product (Fe of ware glass industry with the sand standard through adopting beneficiation method preparation of the present invention as shown in Figure 1 to produce
2O
3Content≤0.35%, and Al
2O
3Content≤4.0%), concrete preparation method and flow process are following:
1, the raw ore sample ore is analyzed
Aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, the desert sample ore that present embodiment is selected for use is the fine sand shape, and the sand grains particle diameter is many below 0.5mm, and is comparatively even; Totally be khaki color under the naked eyes, wherein visible a small amount of black particle.
1.1 the chemical composition analysis of raw ore sample ore
The multielement chemical composition analysis result of above-mentioned raw ore sample ore such as following table 1, the chemical phase analysis result of iron is as shown in table 2 below.
Table 1: the chemical composition analysis result (unit: %) of raw ore sample ore
| Component | SiO 2 | Al 2O 3 | K 2O | Na 2O | CaO | MgO | Fe 2O 3 | TiO 2 | Ig |
| Content | 73.95 | 14.06 | 3.10 | 3.36 | 1.10 | 0.27 | 1.49 | 0.33 | 0.91 |
Table 2: the chemical phase analysis result (unit: %) of iron in the raw ore sample ore
| Iron phase | Fe in red, the limonite | Fe in the magnetite | Fe in the ilmenite | Fe in the sulfide | Fe in the carbonate | Fe in the silicate | Fe adds up to |
| Amount of metal | 0.42 | 0.13 | 0.11 | 0.012 | 0.018 | 0.35 | 1.04 |
| Distributive law | 40.38 | 12.50 | 10.58 | 1.15 | 1.73 | 33.66 | 100.00 |
Can be found out by last table 1～table 2: the staple in (1) present embodiment raw ore sample ore is SiO
2And Al
2O
3, the two content sum is 88.01%; Next is Na
2O, K
2O, Fe and CaO etc.; (2) Fe in the present embodiment raw ore sample ore
2O
3Content is 1.49%, TiO
2Content is 0.33%; (3) iron all has distribution in the present embodiment raw ore sample ore in the different sorts mineral; The iron proportion that wherein is red (brown) iron ore output is up to 40.38%; Tax exists the iron in magnetite and the ilmenite to account for 12.50% and 10.58% respectively, and rest part then mainly exists with the form of silicates mineral; It is 63.46% that iron in tax exists red (brown) iron ore, magnetite and the ilmenite adds up to distributive law.
1.2 the composition of raw ore sample ore and content analysis
Sample ore is khaki color fine sand shape under naked eyes, and the sand grains size is comparatively even, visible rare dark minerals particle.Evaluation under mirror, X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscope analysis synthetic study show that the main mineral composition in the raw ore is feldspar and quartz, and next has hornblende, pyroxene, sericite, chlorite and aspidelite etc.; Iron mineral is in the majority with rhombohedral iron ore, and inferior is ilmenite, magnetite and a small amount of limonite.Though other accessory minerals content is very low, of a great variety, comprises pistacite, garnet, zircon, rutile, pyrite, tourmalinite, urdite and organic matter etc.The weight content of essential mineral sees the following form 3 in the raw ore sample ore, and the X-ray diffraction analysis collection of illustrative plates of raw ore and the heavy sand product through enrichment is seen Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3 respectively.
Table 3: the content analysis (unit: %) of essential mineral in the raw ore sample ore
| Mineral | Feldspar | Quartzy | The hornblende pyroxene | Aspidelite | Sericite | Chlorite | Hematite and limonite | Magnetite | Ilmenite | Rutile | Other |
| Content | 48.5 | 31.5 | 4.2 | 1.8 | 7.1 | 4.6 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.2 | ＜0.1 | 1.2 |
Visible by above-mentioned analysis, the essential mineral in the aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert in the present embodiment is quartz and feldspar, can be used as the raw material of preparation quartz concentrate, the A1 that contains in the raw ore in addition
2O
3, Fe
2O
3And TiO
2Content is higher, need carry out ore dressing to its raw ore and handle.
2, the early stage deferrization process
2.1 dry type magnetic separation separates
At first dry type magnetic separation being carried out in above-mentioned aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert separates; Dry type magnetic separation separates and comprises the twice high intensity magnetic separation separation operation in front and back; The dry type magnetic separation separating step is in a rare earth permanent magnet roll-type dry high-magnetic separation machine, to carry out; The magneticstrength on the magnetic roller surface of this rare earth permanent magnet roll-type dry high-magnetic separation machine is 13000 Gausses, and the separating effect after dry type magnetic separation separates is as shown in table 4 below.
Table 4: the isolating separating effect of dry type magnetic separation
Visible by last table 4, rare earth permanent magnet roll-type dry high-magnetic separation machine deironing (titanium) effect is obvious, through a separation operation, the Fe of magnetic concentrate
2O
3Content can be reduced to about 0.61%, TiO
2Content is 0.13%; Through twice separation operation, Fe
2O
3Content can be reduced to about 0.55%, TiO
2Content is 0.11%.This mainly is that the raw ore sample ore relatively is fit to the dry high-magnetic separation machine of opening magnetic system structure on the other hand because the sorting magneticstrength of equipment own is high on the one hand.
2.2 gravity treatment separates
Concentrate after the dry type magnetic separation separation is carried out gravity treatment separate, the gravity treatment separating step is in a spiral chute (LL610 type), to carry out.Spiral chute is to utilize the method that flowing water flow is carried out ore dressing along the inclined-plane; Ore pulp is after top feeds; Grain mass-sending layer estranged in moving process along concentrated flow; The heavy suite that gets into bottom trends towards the inner edge motion of groove, and light mineral then is thrown toward outer rim in turning motion fast, thereby realizes separation light, heavy mineral.The gravity treatment separating resulting of present embodiment is seen table 5.
Table 5: the raw ore spiral chute sorts the technological effect after the operation
To separate what select for use be only through the charging as follow-up step of the concentrate that obtains after the sorting in the dry type magnetic separation separating step in gravity treatment in the present embodiment; When the concentrate after the sorting still can be prepared satisfactory silica sand concentrate through subsequent step when, obviously select for use the concentrate after the above-mentioned secondary sorting just can prepare the better silica sand concentrate of quality.
2.3 powerful scouring, graded desliming
Concentrate to after the above-mentioned gravity treatment separation carries out brute force scouring, graded desliming.The powerful scouring is meant the mechanical scrub of in vertical stirring scrubber, carrying out; The rotating speed of scrubber is 2000r/min; The consumption of cleaning medicament NaOH is 0.3%, and it is 65% that ore pulp is cleaned concentration, and the scouring time is 30min; Clean the back and adopted high frequency shale shaker (150 order) to carry out graded desliming, behind the graded desliming+Fe of 150 order products
2O
3Grade is reduced to 0.35% by above-mentioned 0.43%.
2.4 wet magnetic separation separates
Concentrate behind above-mentioned powerful scouring, the graded desliming is carried out wet magnetic separation separate, the magneticstrength of Wet-type strong magnetic separator is 13000 Gausses (adjustable), and after wet magnetic separation separated end, accomplishing in earlier stage, the deferrization process process obtained removing iron ore concentrate.Technological effect through after the as shown in Figure 4 early stage deferrization process process is as shown in table 6 below.
Table 6: early stage the technological effect behind the deferrization process
Visible by last table 6, after the process deferrization process in early stage, the deironing concentrate yield is about 80%, Fe
2O
3Content can be reduced to below 0.3%, TiO
2Content can be reduced to below 0.08%.
3, quartzy separating technology of later stage
The quartzy flotation separation that iron ore concentrate is proceeded the later stage of removing to obtaining after the above-mentioned deironing in early stage.
3.1 powerful scouring, graded desliming
As shown in Figure 5, earlier the concentrate product that obtains after the deironing in early stage is carried out brute force and clean, cleaning and using the consumption of NaOH is 0.1%, graded desliming is carried out after cleaning 30min again in the surface, adopts high frequency shale shaker (150 order) to carry out graded desliming.
3.2 free-floride has the acid system flotation separation
Concentrate behind the graded desliming is carried out free-floride the acid system flotation separation is arranged; It is to adopt sulfuric acid as acvator that free-floride has acid flotation process; The compsn that adopts coco amine and petroleum sodium sulfonate is as collecting agent; The mass ratio of coco amine and petroleum sodium sulfonate is 1: 5 in the collecting agent, obtains quartz concentrate through one roughing, secondary after scanning in the flotation separation process, feldspar mineral aggregate (being 1+ feldspar ore deposit, feldspar ore deposit 2) in the middle of also can obtaining simultaneously.The consumption of roughly selecting collecting agent in the operation is 6000g/t, and the consumption of scanning collecting agent in the operation is 2000g/t.Free-floride has the technological effect of acid system floatation separation process as shown in table 7 below.
Table 7: free-floride has the process results of acid system flotation separation
Technological effect by last table 7 can be known: sweep three subjobs, the Al of quartzy product through one thick two
2O
3Grade is reduced to 1.65%.The chemical composition analysis of the quartz that obtains at last, is as shown in table 8 below.
Table 8: the main chemical compositions analysis (unit: %) of quartz concentrate product
| Composition | SiO 2 | Al 2O 3 | Fe 2O 3 | K 2O | Na 2O | TiO 2 | CaO | MgO |
| Quartzy | 95.47 | 1.65 | 0.093 | 0.12 | 0.23 | 0.018 | 0.13 | 0.026 |
Chemical composition analysis by last table 8 is visible, and the chemical ingredients of quartz concentrate product has reached the requirement of container glass.
Claims (3)
1. method of utilizing separating and preparing quartz sand concentrate from wind-laid sand in desert; This method comprises deferrization process and quartzy separating technology of later stage in earlier stage; Said early stage, deferrization process specifically may further comprise the steps: at first the desert drift-sand is carried out dry type magnetic separation and separate; Said dry type magnetic separation separate comprise before and after twice high intensity magnetic separation separation operation, the magneticstrength during said high intensity magnetic separation sorting is 13000～15000 Gausses; Concentrate after the dry type magnetic separation separation is carried out gravity treatment separate, said gravity treatment separating step is in a spiral concentrator, to carry out; Concentrate after the gravity treatment separation is carried out brute force scouring, graded desliming; Said powerful the scouring is meant the mechanical scrub of in vertical stirring scrubber, carrying out; The consumption of cleaning medicament sodium hydroxide in the mechanical scrub step counts 0.1%～0.4% by massfraction; The scouring rotating speed is 500r/min～2000r/min, and the scouring time is 30min～60min, and graded desliming is on high frequency shale shaker, to accomplish; Carry out wet magnetic separation then and separate, it is in wet type electromagnetism intensity magnetic separator, to carry out that said wet magnetic separation separates, and the high magnetic field intensity scope of said wet type electromagnetism intensity magnetic separator sorting is 11000～14000 Gausses; The iron ore concentrate that removes after wet magnetic separation separates carries out quartzy separating technology of later stage; Quartzy separating technology of said later stage comprises cleans, carries out graded desliming then the advanced row brute force of iron ore concentrate of removing that said early stage, deferrization process obtained, and has acid flotation process to obtain the silica sand concentrate through free-floride at last.
2. the method for utilizing separating and preparing quartz sand concentrate from wind-laid sand in desert according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; It is to adopt sulfuric acid as acvator that said free-floride has acid flotation process; Adopt coco amine and petroleum sodium sulfonate as collecting agent, obtain the silica sand concentrate through after roughly selecting and repeatedly scanning then.
3. the method for utilizing separating and preparing quartz sand concentrate from wind-laid sand in desert according to claim 2; It is characterized in that; The mass ratio of coco amine and petroleum sodium sulfonate is 1 ︰ 5 in the said collecting agent; The said consumption of roughly selecting collecting agent in the operation is 3000g/t～6000g/t, and the said consumption of scanning collecting agent in the operation is 1000g/t～2000g/t.
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