CN113231193B - Method for preparing high-purity quartz sand from kaolin tailings - Google Patents
Method for preparing high-purity quartz sand from kaolin tailings Download PDFInfo
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing high-purity quartz sand from kaolin tailings, which comprises the following steps: the kaolin tailings are used as raw ores, stirred, scrubbed and screened to obtain a material with the diameter of +0.6mm; classifying the material with the diameter of +0.6mm after grinding, carrying out magnetic separation operation on the mineral material with the diameter of 0.4mm-0.1mm to obtain a magnetic substance and a non-magnetic substance, carrying out gravity separation operation on the non-magnetic substance to obtain a gravity separation light mineral and a gravity separation heavy mineral, and carrying out regrinding operation screening on the gravity separation light mineral to obtain the mineral with the diameter of +0.1 mm; and (3) carrying out flotation operation on minerals with the diameter of +0.1mm to obtain flotation concentrate, removing upper water from the flotation concentrate, carrying out ultrasonic pickling on the flotation concentrate, and screening the flotation concentrate to obtain coarse materials with the diameter of +0.1mm, namely high-purity quartz sand. The method of the invention not only can obtain high-quality quartz concentrate products, but also has the advantages of short processing time, simple process flow, low energy consumption, and high quality of the obtained quartz concentrate, and can meet the quality requirement of high-purity quartz.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of kaolin tailings, in particular to a method for preparing high-purity quartz sand from kaolin tailings.
Background
In recent years, with the progress of technology and the rapid development of economy, the demand for quartz resources has been rapidly increased, and the quartz resources are widely applied to the strategic emerging industries such as new generation information technology (optical fiber communication and electronic packaging), new energy (photovoltaic industry), new materials and the like, as well as precise instruments, optical fiber communication and SiO 2 The high and new technical industries such as film materials, aerospace national defense and the like are also more involved. These industries have high requirements on purity and granularity of quartz sand, and generally require SiO 2 The content is more than 99.9 percent, fe 2 O 3 The content is less than 10 mug/g (Fe content is less than 7 mug/g), the granularity is required to be 0.104mm-0.425mm (140 meshes-40 meshes), and the method is in line with the research and the study of domestic and foreign scholarsThe national product standard of high-purity quartz enterprises requires high-purity quartz. At present, the high-purity quartz is generally processed by pulse quartz and natural quartz, and the two resources account for less than 1% of the total quartz resources and cannot meet the huge demands of the market. Therefore, the production and processing of high purity quartz using common quartz raw materials is a necessary development trend of the quartz industry.
The kaolin resources in China mostly belong to sandy kaolin, the quartz content is higher than 70%, part of quartz particles are purer, and the sandy quality requirements of glass industries with low purity requirements such as high-quality flotation glass, solar photovoltaic glass, photoelectric photo-thermal glass and the like can be met by adopting combined processes of ore grinding, grading, magnetic separation, gravity separation and flotation for purification, and if the sandy quality requirements are further treated by high-temperature roasting-acid leaching, the purity of quartz concentrate can be improved, and SiO can be prepared 2 Purity is more than 99.9%, fe 2 O 3 A high-purity quartz sand product with the content of less than 10 mug/g.
Basic research on preparing high-purity quartz from March (sandy kaolin tailings), shuoshi treatise, china academy of geological sciences, 2020.6) concentrating and purifying quartz in sandy kaolin tailings by using a process of classification, grinding, scrubbing, magnetic separation, gravity separation and two-stage reverse flotation to obtain SiO 2 The content is 99.59 percent, fe 2 O 3 51.6 mug/g quartz sand, roasting at 900 ℃ or directly pickling in mixed acid solution at 80 ℃ for 600min to obtain SiO 2 The content is more than 99.95 percent, al 247 mug/g, fe 3.22 mug/g, na 28.7 mug/g, K54.6 mug/g and Li 23.1 mug/g.
Shandexing (preparation of low-iron quartz sand for photovoltaic glass from kaolin tailings, metal mine, 2019, 12:188-191) carries out mineral separation and purification test research on the kaolin tailings of a certain hydrothermal alteration wind-induced residual accumulation type in Fujian, and the test adopts the processes of ore grinding, classification, gravity separation, magnetic separation, scrubbing and flotation, wherein the grain fraction content of 0.6-0.1mm of the obtained quartz concentrate is more than 95%, and SiO 2 99.29% of Al 2 O 3 The content is 0.27 percent, fe 2 O 3 At a content of 29. Mu.g/g, siO was present 2 Low content of Fe 2 O 3 High content, etc., the purity of the quartz concentrate needs to be further improved.
Feng Haisheng (test study of recovering quartz sand from kaolin ore tailings, uranium mining and metallurgy, 2020, 4:287-291) test study of recovering quartz sand from Jiangxi-kaolin ore tailings is carried out, and a process flow of ore grinding, classification, twice magnetic separation and twice flotation is adopted to obtain quartz sand concentrate SiO 2 The content of Al is 99.53 percent 2 O 3 0.14％，Fe 2 O 3 56ppm, likewise SiO 2 Low content of Fe 2 O 3 High content, etc., the purity of the quartz concentrate needs to be further improved.
Liu Sai (Ore dressing purification test of Quartz sand in North sea certain kaolin tailings, metal mine, 2013,6:161-164, 167), ore dressing purification of Quartz sand in North sea certain kaolin tailings is carried out by adopting scrubbing, classifying, rod grinding, classifying, high gradient strong magnetic separation, reverse flotation and acid scrubbing aiming at North sea certain kaolin tailings, thereby obtaining SiO 2 The content reaches 99.91 percent, fe 2 O 3 Gao Baidan quartz sand with a content of 79.88 mug/g. Although SiO 2 Content of Fe is more than 99.9 percent 2 O 3 The content is higher.
A preparation method of raw materials for ultra-white glass is disclosed in the patent, with the application number: 201811029568.0 ball milling, multiple classification, medium magnetic separation, strong magnetic separation, ultrasonic scrubbing, desliming, strong magnetic separation and floatation are carried out on kaolin tailings to obtain SiO 2 The content is more than 99.2 percent, fe 2 O 3 Less than 80 mug/g.
Patent number: 201910577374.9 for quartz tailings containing kaolin, coarse grains are removed by adopting a tailing water sieve, and then the process flows of magnetic separation, water washing, desliming, flotation, drying, roasting (1000-1100 ℃) and acid are carried out, so that SiO is obtained 2 High-purity quartz sand powder with the content of more than or equal to 4N.
In a word, only adopt processes such as ore grinding, classifying, magnetic separation, gravity separation, floatation and the like to purify SiO 2 Low content of Fe 2 O 3 High content, etc., and only can obtain the sand quality requirement for the middle-low end glass industry, if the quality of quartz sand products is further improved, the roasting and acid leaching are required to be increasedHowever, the roasting process temperature is generally between 900 and 1100 ℃, the acid leaching is required to be over 50 ℃ and the leaching time is over 2 hours, so that the quartz purity obtained by the high-temperature roasting-acid leaching process is higher, but the roasting temperature is higher, the energy consumption is high, the acid leaching time is longer, the operation is complex, and the processing cost is higher. Therefore, most enterprises generally only produce SiO 2 Greater than 99.3%, fe 2 O 3 The photovoltaic glass sand with the content of less than 80 mug/g is not deeply processed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for preparing high-purity quartz sand from kaolin tailings, which can not only obtain high-quality quartz concentrate products for quartz in the kaolin tailings, but also have the advantages of shorter processing time, simple process flow, low energy consumption, higher quality of the obtained quartz concentrate and capability of meeting the quality requirement of high-purity quartz.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the method for preparing the high-purity quartz sand from the kaolin tailings comprises the following steps:
(1) The kaolin tailings are used as raw ores, stirred, scrubbed and screened to obtain +0.6mm materials, 0.6-01.mm materials and-0.1 mm materials;
(2) Grading the material with the diameter of +0.6mm after grinding to obtain mineral materials with the diameter of +0.4mm, mineral materials with the diameter of 0.4mm-0.1mm and mineral materials with the diameter of-0.1mm, returning the mineral materials with the diameter of +0.4mm to grind, carrying out magnetic separation operation on the mineral materials with the diameter of 0.4mm-0.1mm to obtain magnetic substances and non-magnetic substances, carrying out gravity separation operation on the non-magnetic substances to obtain gravity separation light mineral and gravity separation heavy mineral, carrying out regrinding operation on the gravity separation light mineral, grinding for 1-1.5 minutes, and sieving after regrinding to obtain mineral materials with the diameter of +0.1mm and mineral materials with the diameter of-0.1mm;
(3) The mineral with the diameter of +0.1mm enters a flotation operation to obtain flotation concentrate and flotation tailings, the upper water of the flotation concentrate is removed, ultrasonic acid washing is carried out on the flotation concentrate, and then screening is carried out to obtain coarse material with the diameter of +0.1mm and fine material with the diameter of-0.1mm, wherein the coarse material with the diameter of +0.1mm is high-purity quartz sand.
Further, in the step (3), the specific ultrasonic pickling method comprises the following steps: in the step (3), the specific ultrasonic pickling method comprises the following steps: adding the dehydrated flotation concentrate into an ultrasonic pickling machine, adding hot water at 40-50 ℃, wherein the weight ratio of the flotation concentrate to the hot water is 1:1.2-1.5, adding mixed acid, the dosage of the mixed acid is 0.3-1mol/L, and the ultrasonic cleaning time is 15-25 minutes, and the power is 400W.
Further, the mixed acid includes three or two of hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid or oxalic acid.
Further, the specific method of the flotation operation in the step (3) is as follows: regulating pH to 4-5, adding laurylamine hydrochloride as collector in the amount of 70-200g/t, and performing reverse flotation to remove mica under the condition of flotation concentration of 38-45% by one roughing twice selection; and then adjusting the pH value to 3-4, adding 200-350g/t hydrofluoric acid as an activating agent, activating feldspar, adding a mixed collector, wherein the dosage of the mixed collector is 800-1500g/t, carrying out primary roughing, carrying out fine selection and reverse flotation for 4-6 times to remove feldspar, and the like, wherein the floated foam is flotation tailings, and the tank bottom minerals enter ultrasonic pickling.
Further, the mixed collector is a mixture of a cationic collector and an anionic collector in a dosage ratio of 1:3-1:4, the cationic collector is one of laurylamine hydrochloride, cocoyl diethanolamine, alkyl trimethyl diamine, octadecylamine and the like, the anionic collector is one of sodium petroleum sulfonate, sodium oleate and modified sodium oleate, the source of the modified sodium oleate is patent CN105597926A, and the modified sodium oleate is a mixture obtained by mixing linoleic acid and linolenic acid after saponification of oleic acid.
Further, the magnetic separation operation in the step (2) comprises first-stage magnetic separation and second-stage magnetic separation, wherein non-magnetic matters subjected to the first-stage magnetic separation enter the second-stage magnetic separation, the first-stage magnetic separation is high-gradient magnetic separation of 0.8T, and the second-stage magnetic separation is high-gradient magnetic separation of 1.2T.
Further, in the step (2), the reselection operation comprises a first-stage reselection and a second-stage reselection, wherein the light mineral subjected to the first-stage reselection enters the second-stage reselection to obtain a reselected light mineral, and the heavy minerals subjected to the first-stage reselection and the second-stage reselection are combined into a reselected heavy mineral.
Further, in the regrinding operation in the step (2), the regrinding concentration is 40-45%, zirconium balls are used as the grinding medium, the regrinding concentration is too low, the grinding effect is not achieved, the concentration is high, the fine powder is high, and the zirconium balls are used for preventing pollution.
Further, in the steps (1) to (3), a-0.1 mm material, -0.1mm mineral and-0.1 mm fine material are combined as a raw material of ceramsite or cement.
Further, in the step (1), 0.6-01 mm materials are used for preparing the common glass sand raw materials.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method adopts magnetic separation and then reselection, and aims to remove heavy minerals such as rutile, zircon, yellow jade and the like with larger specific gravity through subsequent reselection, and remove minerals which are not selected in the magnetic separation operation and have weaker magnetic properties such as quartz intergrowth or package.
2. The method adopts the process steps of screening, grinding, screening, magnetic separation, gravity separation, regrinding, screening, floatation and the like, and the regrinding-screening process is added before floatation, so that clay minerals which are close to quartz particles in size, close in specific gravity, small in hardness and easy to mud are removed, adhesion force of adhered minerals on the surfaces and gaps of the quartz particles is reduced, subsequent further purification is facilitated, ultrasonic pickling is matched, and the purposes of removing clay minerals which are low in content and contain iron and are embedded on the surfaces of the quartz particles in scattered points or adsorbed on the surfaces and gaps of quartz sand in particle groups and film impurities which are impregnated on the surfaces of quartz are extremely poor in existence of bodies, the quality of quartz sand is seriously influenced, and the clay minerals and the film impurities are difficult to remove by a magnetic separation-gravity separation-floatation method, and the flotation method generally need to be adopted at 50-80 ℃ for more than 2 hours in the prior art;
3. if ultrasonic acid washing is adopted only after flotation, ore grinding-screening operation is not added before flotation, the removal effect of clay minerals and film impurities is limited, and SiO still exists 2 Low content of Fe 2 O 3 The invention uses cavitation bubbles with high velocity gradient and viscous stress generated by ultrasonic wave to act on the quartz particles after flotation on the basis of regrinding-screening pretreatment, generates high-velocity micro-jet on the surface of the quartz particles, and removes or separates impurity particles adsorbed on the surface of quartz sand and among cracksThe adhesion is weakened, so that the pickling efficiency is enhanced, the pickling time can be effectively shortened, and the acid consumption can be reduced.
4. The quartz sand concentrate obtained by the method has higher silicon content and lower iron content, and reaches the research results of domestic and foreign scholars and the product standard SiO of domestic high-purity quartz enterprises 2 The content is more than 99.9%, the Fe content is less than 7ppm, the operation is simple, the cost is low, and a new method is provided for the high-value utilization of quartz sand in kaolin tailings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the kaolin tailing of the present invention for preparing high purity silica sand.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for preparing high-purity quartz sand from kaolin tailings comprises the following steps:
(1) The kaolin tailings are used as raw ores, and are stirred, scrubbed and screened to obtain materials with the particle size of +0.6mm, 0.6-01.mm and-0.1 mm, wherein the yield of the materials with the particle size of three particle sizes is 55-70%,20-30% and 10-15% respectively; the +0.6mm material contains about 80% of quartz, is the raw material of the method, the 0.60mm-0.10mm grade material contains about Dan Yingyao%, gangue minerals mainly comprise feldspar, mica, kaolinite and the like, and the grain grade material can obtain common glass raw materials through scrubbing-classifying-magnetic separation-flotation processes; the material with the level of less than 0.10mm contains about 45 percent of quartz, the main minerals of gangue are kaolinite, mica, gibbsite and the like, the quartz content is low, the recovery rate is not easy, and the material can be used as ceramsite or cement raw materials;
(2) Grinding the material with the length of +0.6mm by a rod mill, grading to obtain mineral materials with the length of +0.4mm, mineral materials with the length of 0.4mm-0.1mm and mineral materials with the length of-0.1mm, returning the mineral materials with the length of +0.4mm-0.1mm to the rod mill for continuous grinding, carrying out magnetic separation twice by a high gradient magnetic separator with the field intensity of 0.8T and 1.2T on the mineral materials with the length of 0.4mm-0.1mm, removing iron impurity minerals such as mica, magnetite and ilmenite, carrying out spiral chute reselection operation on the non-magnetic materials after the magnetic separation, wherein the reselection operation comprises first-stage reselection and second-stage reselection, the light mineral materials with the first-stage reselection enter the second-stage reselection to obtain the light mineral with the weight of reselection, the heavy rutile, tourmaline and the heavy mineral with extremely weak magnetism enter the regrinding operation, the grinding time is 1-1.5 minutes, the purposes of removing single kaolinite, the continuous body and the intermittent gangue, and carrying out sieving after regrinding, and obtaining the mineral materials with the length of +0.1mm and-0.1mm; if the ore grinding time is more than 1.5 minutes, overgrinding is easy to occur, and if the ore grinding time is less than 1 minute, ore grinding is insufficient;
(3) Adding sulfuric acid into the minerals with the diameter of +0.1mm to adjust the pH value to 4-5, adding laurylamine hydrochloride as a collector, using 70-200g/t, carrying out rough concentration twice under the condition of flotation concentration of 38-45%, performing reverse flotation to remove mica, adding sulfuric acid to adjust the pH value to 3-4, adding hydrofluoric acid with the pH value of 200-350g/t as an activator, activating feldspar, adding one of laurylamine hydrochloride, coco diethanol amine, alkyl trimethyl diamine and octadecylamine as a cationic collector and one of sodium petroleum sulfonate, sodium oleate and modified sodium oleate (the medicament developed by the patent CN 105597926A), mixing the cationic collector and the anionic collector according to the weight ratio of 1:3-1:4, performing rough concentration once, 4-6 times of fine concentration, removing gangue minerals such as feldspar, wherein the foam of the flotation tailings is flotation tailings, the bottom mineral concentrate, removing upper layer water of the flotation concentrate enters a ultrasonic mixer for ultrasonic cleaning at the ultrasonic power of 1:1-5 mm, the ultrasonic cleaning ratio of three-1.5 mm, and the ultrasonic cleaning of three-1.5 mm, and the three-5 mm, wherein the total consumption of the cationic collector and the anionic collector is 800-1500g/t, the ultrasonic cleaning is carried out, the ultrasonic cleaning of the three-1.1 mm, the three-5 mm, the fine hydrochloric acid is obtained after the three-step material is washed, and the three-1 mm is washed, and the three-1.1 mm is washed, and the three-1 mm is washed, and the three-5 mm is the fine acid, and the fine mineral ore is the fine, and the fine acid.
In the steps (1) - (3), the materials with the diameter of-0.1 mm, the mineral materials with the diameter of-0.1 mm, the minerals with the diameter of-0.1 mm and the fine materials with the diameter of-0.1 mm are combined to be used as raw materials of ceramsite or cement.
Specific examples are as follows:
example 1
The main minerals of the Jiangxi kaolin tailings are quartz, mica, feldspar, kaolinite and the like, the small amount of minerals are rutile, tourmaline and the like, and the analysis of the main elements of the raw ores is shown in Table 1. The raw ore is firstly stirred, scrubbed and classified, the +0.60mm grain fraction is separated, the yields of the +0.60mm grain fraction are 63.52 percent respectively, and the raw ore contains SiO 2 82.0％，Al 2 O 3 9.95％,Fe 2 O 3 0.73%. Grinding the classified material with the diameter of +0.6mm by a rod mill, re-classifying, continuously grinding the material with the diameter of +0.4mm by a return mill, throwing the tail of the material with the diameter of-0.1 mm for manufacturing haydite or cement, carrying out magnetic separation twice by a high gradient magnetic separator with the field intensity of 0.8T and 1.2T on the material with the diameter of 0.4mm-0.1mm, removing impurity minerals such as mica, magnetite, ilmenite and the like, re-selecting non-magnetic matters after magnetic separation by a two-stage spiral chute, throwing heavy minerals such as rutile, tourmaline and quartz bodies of weaker magnetic minerals, re-grinding light minerals after the re-selecting by the spiral chute, sieving the materials after re-grinding, and feeding the minerals with the diameter of more than 0.1mm into a flotation operation.
The concentration of the flotation ore pulp is 42%, sulfuric acid is added to adjust the pH value to 4, laurylamine hydrochloride is added to be used as a collector, once roughing and twice concentration are carried out, reverse flotation is carried out to remove mica, sulfuric acid is added to adjust the pH value of the tank bottom mineral to 4, hydrofluoric acid is added to activate feldspar, then laurylamine hydrochloride and petroleum sodium sulfonate are added to be mixed to be used as a collector, once roughing and five times concentration are carried out to remove gangue such as feldspar (the dosage of the flotation agent is shown in Table 2, the flotation foam is tailings, the tank bottom mineral is subjected to upper water removal, then enters an ultrasonic pickling machine, the hot water is added, the ratio of the flotation concentrate to the hot water is 1:1.5, hydrochloric acid is added to be 0.3mol/L, hydrofluoric acid is added to be 0.3mol/L, ultrasonic pickling is carried out for 25 minutes, the power is 400 watts, the ultrasonic material purified water is washed three times, and the fine material of-0.1 mm is screened out to obtain high-purity quartz sand, and the result is shown in Table 3.
TABLE 1 multiple analyses of crude ore of certain kaolin tailings in Jiangxi province
| Composition of the components | SiO 2 | Al 2 O 3 | Fe 2 O 3 | CaO | MgO | K 2 O | Na 2 O | TiO 2 |
| Content (%) | 73.25 | 17.08 | 0.84 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 4.46 | 0.07 | 0.13 |
TABLE 2 flotation reagent dosage
TABLE 3 high purity silica sand results
Example 2
The main minerals of the tailing of some kaolin in Jiangxi are quartz, mica, feldspar, diasporite, kaolinite and the like, the small amount of minerals are rutile, tourmaline, zircon and the like, and the multi-term analysis of the main elements of the raw ore is shown in Table 4. The raw ore is firstly stirred, scrubbed and classified, the +0.60mm size fraction is separated, the yields of the +0.60mm size fraction are 55.93 percent respectively, and the raw ore contains SiO 2 85.30％，Al 2 O 3 7.98％,Fe 2 O 3 0.51%. Grinding the classified material with the diameter of +0.6mm by a rod mill, re-classifying, continuously grinding the material with the diameter of +0.4mm by a return mill, throwing the tail of the material with the diameter of-0.1 mm for manufacturing haydite or cement, carrying out magnetic separation twice by a high-gradient magnetic separator with the field intensity of 0.8T and 1.2T on the material with the diameter of 0.4mm-0.1mm, removing impurity minerals such as mica, magnetite, ilmenite and the like, re-selecting non-magnetic matters after magnetic separation, throwing heavy minerals such as rutile, tourmaline, quartz continuous bodies of weaker magnetic minerals and the like, re-grinding light minerals after the re-selecting by the spiral chute, sieving the light minerals after re-grinding, and feeding the minerals with the diameter of more than 0.1mm into a flotation operation.
The concentration of the flotation ore pulp is 38%, sulfuric acid is added to adjust the pH value to 4, laurylamine hydrochloride is added to be used as a collector, once roughing and twice concentration are carried out, reverse flotation is carried out to remove mica, sulfuric acid is added to adjust the pH value of the tank bottom mineral to 3, hydrofluoric acid is added to activate feldspar, then laurylamine hydrochloride and modified sodium oleate are added to be mixed to be used as a collector, once roughing and four times concentration are carried out to remove gangue such as feldspar (the dosage of the flotation agent is shown in Table 5, the flotation foam is tailings, tank bottom minerals enter an ultrasonic pickling machine after upper water is removed, hot water is added at 40 ℃, the ratio of flotation concentrate to hot water is 1:1.3, hydrochloric acid is added to 0.5mol/L, hydrofluoric acid is 0.2mol/L, oxalic acid is 0.3mol/L, ultrasonic pickling is carried out for 15 minutes, the power is 400 watts, the ultrasonic material is washed with purified water for three times, and the fine material is screened out to remove-0.1 mm, and the result is shown in Table 6.
TABLE 4 multiple analyses of crude ore of certain kaolin tailings in Jiangxi provinces
TABLE 5 flotation reagent dosage
TABLE 6 high purity silica sand results
| Element(s) | SiO 2 (％) | Fe | Al | Ti | K | Na | Ca | Mg |
| Content (μg/g) | 99.94 | 3.89 | 384 | 6.71 | 7.68 | 23.8 | 8.36 | 0.52 |
| Element(s) | B | Cu | Cr | Mn | Li | Ni | Zr | |
| Content (μg/g) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.91 | 53.9 | 0.20 | 0.32 |
Example 3
This embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 1 except that: in the step (3), the concentration of the flotation ore pulp is 45%, sulfuric acid is added to adjust the pH value to 5 in the mica reverse flotation, the pH value of the tank bottom minerals is adjusted to 4 in the process of adding sulfuric acid, and the flotation reagent and the dosage are shown in Table 7.
TABLE 7 flotation reagent dosage
Example 4
This embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 1 except that: in the step (3), the concentration of the flotation pulp is 45%, sulfuric acid is added to adjust the pH value to 4.5 in the mica reverse flotation, and sulfuric acid is added to the minerals at the bottom of the tank to adjust the pH value to 3.5, so that the flotation reagent and the dosage are shown in Table 8.
TABLE 8 flotation reagent dosage
The alkyltrimethyldiamine in this example may also be replaced with octadecylamine.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. The method for preparing the high-purity quartz sand from the kaolin tailings is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) The kaolin tailings are used as raw ores, stirred, scrubbed and screened to obtain materials with the diameter of +0.6mm, materials with the diameter of 0.6-0.1mm and materials with the diameter of-0.1 mm;
(2) Grading the material with the diameter of +0.6mm after grinding to obtain mineral materials with the diameter of +0.4mm, mineral materials with the diameter of 0.4mm-0.1mm and mineral materials with the diameter of-0.1mm, returning the mineral materials with the diameter of +0.4mm to grind, carrying out magnetic separation operation on the mineral materials with the diameter of 0.4mm-0.1mm to obtain magnetic substances and non-magnetic substances, carrying out gravity separation operation on the non-magnetic substances to obtain gravity separation light mineral and gravity separation heavy mineral, carrying out regrinding operation on the gravity separation light mineral, grinding for 1-1.5 minutes, and screening to obtain mineral materials with the diameter of +0.1mm and mineral materials with the diameter of-0.1mm;
the magnetic separation operation comprises first-stage magnetic separation and second-stage magnetic separation, wherein non-magnetic matters subjected to the first-stage magnetic separation enter the second-stage magnetic separation, the first-stage magnetic separation is high-gradient magnetic separation with the temperature of 0.8T, and the second-stage magnetic separation is high-gradient magnetic separation with the temperature of 1.2T;
the heavy mineral separation operation comprises a first-stage heavy mineral separation operation and a second-stage heavy mineral separation operation, wherein the first-stage heavy mineral separation operation comprises a first-stage heavy mineral separation operation and a second-stage heavy mineral separation operation, the first-stage heavy mineral separation operation comprises a second-stage heavy mineral separation operation, and the second-stage heavy mineral separation operation comprises a first-stage heavy mineral separation operation and a second-stage heavy mineral separation operation, so that heavy mineral separation is obtained;
(3) The mineral with the diameter of +0.1mm enters a flotation operation to obtain flotation concentrate and flotation tailings, the upper water of the flotation concentrate is removed, ultrasonic acid washing is carried out on the flotation concentrate, and then screening is carried out on the flotation concentrate to obtain coarse material with the diameter of +0.1mm and fine material with the diameter of-0.1mm, wherein the coarse material with the diameter of +0.1mm is high-purity quartz sand;
in the step (3), the specific ultrasonic pickling method comprises the following steps: adding the dehydrated flotation concentrate into an ultrasonic pickling machine, adding hot water at 40-50 ℃, wherein the weight ratio of the flotation concentrate to the hot water is 1:1.2-1.5, adding mixed acid, the dosage of the mixed acid is 0.3-1mol/L, the ultrasonic cleaning time is 15-25 minutes, the power is 400W, and the mixed acid comprises three or two of hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid or oxalic acid;
the specific method of the flotation operation in the step (3) is as follows: regulating pH to 4-5, adding laurylamine hydrochloride as collector in the amount of 70-200g/t, and performing roughing twice-concentrating reverse flotation to remove mica under the condition that the flotation concentration is 38-45%; then adjusting the pH value to 3-4, adding 200-350g/t hydrofluoric acid as an activating agent to activate feldspar, adding a mixed collector, wherein the dosage of the mixed collector is 800-1500g/t, carrying out primary roughing, carrying out fine selection and reverse flotation for 4-6 times to remove feldspar, wherein the flotation froth is flotation tailings, the tank bottom mineral is flotation concentrate, and carrying out ultrasonic pickling after removing upper water;
the mixed collector is formed by mixing a cationic collector and an anionic collector according to the weight ratio of 1:3-1:4, wherein the cationic collector is one of laurylamine hydrochloride, cocoyl diethanolamine, alkyl trimethyl diamine and octadecylamine, and the anionic collector is one of petroleum sodium sulfonate, sodium oleate and modified sodium oleate.
2. The method for preparing high-purity quartz sand from kaolin tailings according to claim 1, wherein the regrinding operation in step (2) has regrinding concentration of 40-45%, and zirconium balls are used as the grinding medium.
3. The method for preparing high purity silica sand according to claim 1, wherein, -0.1mm materials, -0.1mm mineral materials, -0.1mm minerals and-0.1 mm fine materials are combined as raw materials of ceramsite or cement in the steps (1) - (3).
4. The method for preparing high-purity quartz sand from kaolin tailing according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), 0.6-0.1mm of material is used for preparing common glass sand raw material.
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