CN101870474A - Method for preparing quartz sand concentrate by mineral separation of desert aeolian sand - Google Patents
Method for preparing quartz sand concentrate by mineral separation of desert aeolian sand Download PDFInfo
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- CN101870474A CN101870474A CN 201010212824 CN201010212824A CN101870474A CN 101870474 A CN101870474 A CN 101870474A CN 201010212824 CN201010212824 CN 201010212824 CN 201010212824 A CN201010212824 A CN 201010212824A CN 101870474 A CN101870474 A CN 101870474A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to an industrial utilization method of desert aeolian sand, and particularly discloses a method for preparing quartz sand concentrate by mineral separation of desert aeolian sand, which comprises an early-stage iron removal process and a later-stage quartz separation process, wherein the early-stage iron removal process specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, dry magnetic separation is carried out on desert aeolian sand, concentrate obtained after the dry magnetic separation is subjected to gravity separation, the concentrate obtained after the gravity separation is subjected to strong scrubbing and graded desliming, then wet magnetic separation is carried out, and finally the obtained iron-removed concentrate is subjected to later quartz separation process to obtain a quartz sand concentrate product. The process provided by the invention has the advantages of water saving, consumption reduction and cost reduction, and can be used for producing high-quality quartz sand concentrate by fully utilizing the existing aeolian sand resources.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the industrial utilization method of a kind of desert drift-sand, relate in particular to a kind of method of utilizing the desert drift-sand to prepare quartz concentrate.
Background technology
In recent years, global Desertification area with annual more than 60,000 square kilometre speed development expansion, directly threatens existent environment of people.According to authoritative document announcement, the NORTHWEST CHINA area just advances to Desertification with the surprising speed in 2000 square kilometres of every year, and the annual financial loss that causes to China reaches more than 500 hundred million yuan, and what more allow people's worry is that the ecotope here has been subjected to serious destruction.
The desert drift-sand is acknowledged as useless sand, calamity is husky, misfortune is husky, and few people carry out research and utilization to it.Over the years, human improvement desert drift-sand mainly is in the surface layer of desert planting trees and grass, but because the extreme climate environment in the desert, the survival rate of tree planting is low, and the sand control effect is bad.China former drift-sand development corporation, Ltd. has proposed industrialization with new approaches husky, the industrialization sand control, widening the industry approach of desert industrialized utilization, and fundamentally removes disastrous sources of sandstorms, reaches the purpose of effecting a permanent cure.
The main component of desert drift-sand is quartz and feldspar, and its quartz content is generally more than 30%, and feldspar content is generally more than 40%.Aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert main chemical compositions is SiO
2And Al
2O
3, its SiO
2Content generally can reach more than 70%, and Al
2O
3Content is generally more than 10%; Next is Na
2O, Fe
2O
3With compositions such as CaO, content may also contain a spot of MgO and TiO substantially all more than 1%
2
Quartz is mainly used in industries such as glass, refractory materials, pottery, casting, oil, chemical industry, environmental protection, grinding.Konilite also can be used in cement, glass polishing, fire-resistant mixed earth, coating, pigment and the enamel also can making filler or extender as filler in industry such as paint, plastics, rubber.Secondly, quartzy unique physical, the chemical property that is had, make it in the IT industry of Aeronautics and Astronautics, electronics, machinery and current develop rapidly, occupy critical role, particularly its inherent molecular chain structure, crystal shape and lattice variations rule, make its have high temperature resistant, thermal expansivity is little, high-insulation, corrosion-resistant, piezoelectric effect, resonance effect and unique optical characteristics, is bringing into play more and more important in many high-tech products (high purity metal silicon, communication with optical fiber etc.).Feldspar since fusing point between 1100 ℃～1300 ℃, chemical stability is good, and characteristics such as fluxing action are arranged with quartz and silicate congruent melting the time, often is used to the fusing assistant making glass and make ceramic base glaze, and can reduces firing temperature.
Usually, sheet glass and float glass are to the higher (SiO of quartz sand ingredient requirement
2〉=98%, Al
2O
3≤ 1.0%, Fe
2O
3≤ 0.1%), ware glass (glassware, container glass) is to the low slightly (SiO of quartz sand ingredient requirement
2〉=90%, Al
2O
3≤ 4.0%, Fe
2O
3≤ 0.35%).Glass industry is generally Fe to felspathic requirement
2O
3＜0.3%, ceramic first class product is generally Fe to felspathic requirement
2O
3＜0.2%.
Therefore, contrast ware glass sand standard, aluminium height in the drift-sand of desert, silicon is low, iron is high, titanium is high, if make full use of desert drift-sand resource and it carried out ore dressing processing, then precondition is that can be by reasonably falling iron, falling impurity removal process flow process such as aluminium, effectively reduce the content of iron, titanium and aluminium in the drift-sand of desert, so just can reach the basic demand of glass industry, for industrial utilization provides a kind of novel mineral deposit resource.
The method that is used for ore dressing deironing (titanium) in the prior art has magnetic method, gravity separation method, flotation deironing, acidleach deironing, ultrasonic wave deironing and microorganism deironing or the like, but single ore dressing method for removing iron all exists separately defective and deficiency.For example the acidleach deironing is to utilize quartzy (feldspar) to be insoluble to acid (except for hydrofluoric acid), and ferruginous impure mineral is dissolved by acid, thereby realizes the purpose of deironing; Pickling process acid commonly used has sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, but acid expends the usefulness height, and environmental pollution is big, and along with the enhancing of people's environmental consciousness, its range of application more and more is restricted.And for example the ultrasonic wave deironing mainly is high frequency (20000 hertz) sound wave that relies on medium to propagate, when ultrasonic wave is conducted in solution, produce many compressions, expansion area, form countless bubbles, the formation of bubble and break (cavitation phenomenon), liquid internal pressure is undergone mutation, thereby with shockwave (pressure can reach several thousand to several ten thousand normal atmosphere), under the effect of this shockwave, the iron-bearing mineral that sticks to particle surface splits away off from particle surface and enters liquid phase, thereby reach the purpose of deironing, but ultrasonic wave iron removal technology relative complex, cost is higher.The microorganism deironing is to utilize microorganism such as black-koji mould that surperficial iron is soaked to remove, and can be used for soaking the film iron on particle-removing surface or contaminating iron, but de-ironing efficiency is lower, and effect also remains further to be improved.Therefore, how combination and optimize existing deironing (titanium) method, and it effectively is applied in the ore-dressing technique of desert drift-sand, this becomes a prerequisite property condition of the restriction desert drift-sand utilization of resources.
Except above-mentioned deironing (titanium) problem to the desert drift-sand, finally also relate in the drift-sand of desert quartzy and felspathic sorting problem, can this be the final decision sexual factor that utilize quartz mine and feldspar ore deposit in the drift-sand of desert.Domestic main use flotation partition method separates with feldspar quartzy at present, comprises that specifically hydrofluoric acid method, free-floride have acid system and three kinds of methods of floride-free no acid system.The hydrofluoric acid method is to be activator with hydrofluoric acid, adopts amine cation-collecting agent down at strongly-acid (pH=2～3).The hydrofluoric acid method is widely used because of its effective, easy control, index are stable, but fluorion is to the erosion action in soil and very big to the destruction of ecotope on every side.It is to replace hydrofluoric acid with other acid that free-floride has acid system, solves the pollution problem of fluorion.Floride-free no acid system is under neutral or alkaline condition, by the rational allocation of zwitterion collecting agent, creates the high density flotation of ore pulp environment of a uniqueness, the differential flotation impure mineral, but feldspar and quartzy separating effect difference are bigger.Therefore, how to select for use and optimize existing floatation separation process, and combine with aforementioned deironing (titanium) technology, can this just become a deciding factor that finally realize the desert drift-sand utilization of resources.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of water-saving consumption-reduction, cost to reduce, can make full use of the method for utilizing separating and preparing quartz sand concentrate from wind-laid sand in desert that existing resource is produced high-quality quartz concentrate.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention proposes is a kind of method of utilizing separating and preparing quartz sand concentrate from wind-laid sand in desert, this method comprises deferrization process and quartzy separating technology of later stage in earlier stage, described early stage, deferrization process specifically may further comprise the steps: at first the desert drift-sand is carried out dry type magnetic separation and separate, concentrate after the dry type magnetic separation separation is carried out gravity treatment to be separated, concentrate after the gravity treatment separation is carried out brute force to be cleaned, graded desliming, carry out wet magnetic separation then and separate, iron ore concentrate quartzy separating technology postmenstruation that removes after wet magnetic separation separates obtains quartz sand concentrate product.
The proposition of technique scheme is based on the basis to rigorous composition analysis of desert drift-sand and mineral composition.We have carried out the chemical phase analysis of quantitative spectrometric analysis, multielement chemical composition analysis and iron to aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert, and according to the data results that analysis obtains, we find:
(1) main component in the desert aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit is SiO
2And Al
2O
3, the two content sum reaches more than 80%; Next is Na
2O, K
2O, Fe and CaO etc.;
(2) sample F e in the desert aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit
2O
3Content is more than 1%, TiO
2Content is approximately 0.33%;
(3) Fe all has distribution in the desert aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit in the different sorts mineral, the Fe accounting that wherein is red (brown) iron ore output is up to about 40%, and compose the Fe exist in magnetite and the ilmenite all about 10%, rest part then mainly exists with the form of silicates mineral.
In addition, we utilize X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope that mineral composition and analysis on Content have been carried out in aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert, and result of study shows that the total content of raw ore andesine ore deposit and quartz mine contains iron ore about 1% near 80%.Meet the quartz concentrate that industrial application requires in order to utilize aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert to prepare, at first need iron is fallen in this raw ore.
By we analysis as can be known, the iron mineral that exists in the aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert mainly contains rhombohedral iron ore, ilmenite, magnetite and a small amount of limonite etc. and (composes and exist the total content of iron in these iron minerals to be about 0.7%, its distribution proportion accounts for more than 60%), and these mineral exist with monomer granulous form mostly, based on this, mainly comprised the built-up type deironing scheme that a kind of dry type magnetic separation-gravity treatment-brute force scouring-wet magnetic separation combines in the method for the invention described above, can separate by this technical scheme and remove most iron in the raw ore; And its distribution proportion of iron that is present in silicate, the quartz accounts for about 35%, this part iron is mainly with the form output of iron content silicates mineral such as hornblende, pyroxene, chlorite, but their magnetic and proportion are usually less than aforesaid iron mineral, but having part iron in heavily magnetic separation process equally enters in the mine tailing, therefore, can make the iron level in the aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert drop to desired level substantially by technique scheme of the present invention, so that carry out follow-up quartzy floatation separation process.
On the basis of technique scheme, later stage, quartzy separating technology can be the floatation separation process of routine, hydrofluoric acid method floatation separation process etc. for example, but the described later stage, quartzy separating technology preferably included following steps: the advanced row brute force of iron ore concentrate of removing that described early stage, deferrization process obtained is cleaned, carry out graded desliming then, have acid flotation process to obtain the quartz sand concentrate by free-floride at last.Adopt this optimized technical scheme not only can isolate satisfactory quartz concentrate and (make Al
2O
3Content is dropped to below 4.0% by about 15% in the aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert), the more important thing is to have reduced greatly to the pollution of environment with to the destruction of ecology, be the floatation separation process of a kind of environmental protection more, safety.In addition, for the aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert of not carrying out the deferrization process in early stage, because this raw ore surface impurity is more, make it compare surface properties with minal and differ bigger, can have a strong impact on the isolating effect of quartzy ore dressing, only carry out the powerful scouring in surface in this case, be difficult to reach the index of product application requirement, therefore in order to remove the raw ore surface impurity, need carry out ore grinding earlier and dissociate, promptly quartzy separating technology need adopt rod milling-desliming classification-magnetic separation-surperficial scrub process-free-floride that the operation steps of sour flotation is arranged the later stage.And quartzy separating technology of preferred later stage of the present invention is considered just with deferrization process in earlier stage and is matched, before having acid flotation process, free-floride only need the powerful scouring of increase and two simple operation steps of graded desliming to meet the demands, this mainly is that wherein felspathic flotability has obtained large increase because the concentrate after the deironing has carried out removal of impurities and surperficial powerful scrub process.As seen, quartzy separating technology of this preferred later stage can be had complementary advantages with deferrization process formation in early stage of the present invention, and is not only simple to operate, energy-saving and cost-reducing, and separating effect is better.
As further improvement to above-mentioned quartzy separating technology of preferred later stage, described free-floride has acid flotation process preferably to adopt sulfuric acid as activator, preferred coco amine and the petroleum sodium sulfonate of adopting obtains the quartz sand concentrate through after roughly selecting and repeatedly scanning then as collecting agent.From our experimental data, scan twice and can satisfy the product industrial application requirements, therefore from production efficiency with become originally, most preferred work flow is for roughly selecting once, scan twice.
As to the above-mentioned further improvements in methods of utilizing separating and preparing quartz sand concentrate from wind-laid sand in desert, the mass ratio of coco amine and petroleum sodium sulfonate is preferably 1: 5 in the described collecting agent, describedly roughly select that the consumption of collecting agent is preferably 3000g/t～6000g/t in the operation, describedly scan that the consumption of collecting agent is preferably 1000g/t～2000g/t in the operation.According to the test-results of our collector dosage, collector dosage after a little while, the feldspar float-amount is less, when reaching above-mentioned preferred collector dosage, the flotation concentrate productive rate is comparatively suitable.
In the above-mentioned method of utilizing separating and preparing quartz sand concentrate from wind-laid sand in desert, described dry type magnetic separation separate preferably include before and after twice high intensity magnetic separation separation operation, the magneticstrength during described high intensity magnetic separation sorting is 13000～15000 Gausses.Described dry type magnetic separation separating step generally is to carry out in an intensity magnetic separator (as rare earth permanent magnet roll-type dry high-magnetic separation machine).According to our result of study to aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert character, the iron-bearing mineral kind is more in the aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert, ferromagnetic magnetite is arranged, the ilmenite of middle magnetic, the hematite-limonite of weak magnetic and magnetic are very weak contains ferrosilicate, therefore, when the sorting magneticstrength is 2000 Gausses, can remove ferromagnetic magnetite, when being 5000 Gausses, the sorting magneticstrength can remove the ilmenite of ferromagnetic magnetite and middle magnetic, for hematite-limonite with contain weak magnetic mineral such as ferrosilicate, must adopt the high intensity magnetic separation equipment more than 10000 teslas just can reach separating effect preferably.Our magnetic separation testing data has also further been verified this result, when the sorting magneticstrength is 2000 Gausses, and the Fe of magnetic concentrate
2O
3Content is reduced to about 1.2%, has only reduced by 0.3%; And when the sorting magneticstrength is 5000 Gausses, the Fe of magnetic concentrate
2O
3Content is reduced to about 0.9%.In addition, our contrast test electromagnetism clamping plate Wet-type strong magnetic separators, permanent-magnet chamber type Wet-type strong magnetic separator and rare earth permanent magnet roll-type dry high-magnetic separation machine, by comparing deironing (titanium) effect of these three kinds of magnetic plants, we propose preferably to adopt rare earth permanent magnet roll-type dry high-magnetic separation machine to carry out the dry type magnetic separation separation earlier.By a separation operation of this rare earth permanent magnet roll-type dry high-magnetic separation machine, the Fe of magnetic concentrate
2O
3Content can be reduced to about 0.6%, TiO
2Content then is reduced to about 0.12%; By twice separation operation, Fe
2O
3Can be reduced to about 0.5% TiO
2Content then reduces to 0.11%.The preferred operations of above-mentioned relevant dry type magnetic separation separating step all is the improvement that proposed at desert this special raw ore of drift-sand.
In the above-mentioned method of utilizing separating and preparing quartz sand concentrate from wind-laid sand in desert, described gravity treatment separating step preferably carries out in a spiral concentrator (as spiral chute).Gravity treatment is to utilize mineral grain proportion difference in size to realize light, the isolating a kind of dressing method of heavy mineral.And according to our the ore composition analysis to the desert drift-sand, it generally all contains garnet, hornblende, pyroxene, rutile, zircon, tourmalinite, monazite and various iron heavy minerals such as (titaniums), therefore the gravity treatment separation is the effective ways in aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, purification desert, and its preferred gravitational separation equipment is a spiral chute.We single-mindedly sweep three times and sort flow test with the sorting test and thick that spiral chute has carried out three kinds of different operating conditions respectively, and test-results shows that raw ore adopts spiral chute to carry out sorting, and iron wherein and titanium have all obtained reduction by a relatively large margin; Test-results shows that also raw ore adopts a spiral chute separation operation, and concentrate yield should be advisable about 90%.From various gravity treatment lock out operation, adopt the one thick one single-minded mode of operation of sweeping and a sorting flow process relatively, the iron of selected concentrate does not obviously reduce, the iron of scavenger concentrate, titanium content are also higher, therefore, as long as select suitable spiral chute operational condition, there is not necessity of two sections sortings.Certainly, according to the industrial production experience, can consider that scavenger concentrate returns the technical process of choosing again.
In the above-mentioned method of utilizing separating and preparing quartz sand concentrate from wind-laid sand in desert, described powerful the scouring preferably is meant the mechanical scrub of carrying out in vertical stirring scrubber, in the described mechanical scrub step: the consumption of cleaning medicament sodium hydroxide is 0.1%～0.4% (massfraction), the scouring rotating speed is 500r/min～2000r/min, and the scouring time is 30min～60min.Aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert property research shows that quartz particles has small amounts of iron shale dirt pits, and feldspar part particle surface has argillization, iron to dye and sericitization, and particle surface is unholiness; Secondly, by the concentrate Fe after magnetic separation and the gravity treatment
2O
3Content still can not reach industrial application and require index still more than 0.4%, and therefore, it is very necessary as a supplement just that the present invention separates the powerful scouring-graded desliming step of back employing in gravity treatment.The scouring technology comprises rod milling scouring, mechanical scrub etc., and the present invention preferably adopts mechanical scrub.The factor that influences the mechanical scrub effect mainly is constructional feature and the collocation form from scrubber, secondly also has the scouring time, cleans pulp density etc.In general, the efficient of mechanical scrub improves along with the increase of cleaning concentration, because increase scouring concentration the probability of collision between the particle is increased, and the preferred ore pulp of the present invention is cleaned concentration about 65%).According to our requirement to desert drift-sand dressing product quality, the scouring time is unsuitable long, because overlong time can strengthen equipment attrition and energy consumption, preferably the scouring time is 30min～60min in the present invention.Though there is experiment to show that the scrubbing ball medium (for example
The 5mm high aluminium ball) ratio is high more, and it is good more to clean de-ferrous effect, but after the scouring classification+150 linearly downtrendings of order grade product yield; When ball heavy with ore deposit anharmonic ratio example when being 30%, the iron level of+150 order grade products can drop to 0.23%, but productive rate only is 60.74%, does not therefore advise adding ball in the powerful scouring process of the present invention and cleans.
In the above-mentioned method of utilizing separating and preparing quartz sand concentrate from wind-laid sand in desert, described graded desliming is preferably finished on one 150 purpose high frequency shale shakers.
In the above-mentioned method of utilizing separating and preparing quartz sand concentrate from wind-laid sand in desert, described wet magnetic separation separation is preferably carried out in wet type electromagnetism intensity magnetic separator, and the magneticstrength of described wet type electromagnetism intensity magnetic separator sorting is controlled at 11000～14000 Gausses (adjustable).Behind powerful scouring of the present invention and graded desliming, product has new iron mineral and dissociates, has the secondary iron pollution in producing in addition, therefore behind the graded desliming+150 purpose products also need magnetic separation to carry out quality control, consider production practical situation and production cost (drying cost), wet high-intensity magnetic optional equipments such as electromagnetism clamping plate Wet-type strong magnetic separator or permanent-magnet chamber type Wet-type strong magnetic separator are preferably adopted in the magnetic separation of this section.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the present invention is especially at character, composition and the mineral composition in aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert, multimedia associating deferrization process flow processs such as a kind of collection magnetic separation, gravity treatment, scouring have been adopted, compare the technical process of adopting single one or both simple combination, early stage of the present invention, deferrization process can make Fe in the aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert
2O
3And TiO
2Content drops to below the product application required standard; In addition, because water ratio only is about 1% in the raw ore, so the present invention adopts dry type to roughly select earlier to separate and carries out deironing, titanium, carries out technologies such as gravity treatment separates, powerful scourings, graded desliming again, can reduce like this to produce water and consume, and saves production cost; In the raw ore-0.10mm (150 order) content only is 3.83%, according to knowhow, the dry type magnetic separation mine tailing can be taken away major part-0.10mm material, therefore in the concentrate after gravity treatment separates-the 0.10mm material is few, do not need direct 150 order desliming classifications, carry out 150 order desliming classifications again after only need powerfully cleaning and get final product.Test-results shows that also technical scheme of the present invention makes Fe
2O
3And TiO
2Outside content reduces significantly, Al
2O
3Content is decrease to some degree also, simultaneously SiO
2Content obtains raising to a certain degree, and this all has positive meaning to follow-up quartzy floatation separation process.
In addition, optimized technical scheme of the present invention can also realize effectively that quartz effectively separates Al in the quartz concentrate in the aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert with felspathic
2O
3Content can be reduced to below 4%, and the quartz concentrate product that obtains at last can directly be used as glass industry, for a kind of brand-brand-new way has been opened up in the production of industrial quartz concentrate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of preparation method in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the X-ray diffraction analysis collection of illustrative plates of raw ore in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the X-ray diffraction analysis collection of illustrative plates of the heavy sand product by enrichment in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is an embodiment of the invention mid-early stage deferrization process schema.
Fig. 5 is quartzy separation process scheme figure of embodiment of the invention middle and later periods.
Embodiment
Embodiment
Hair Wu Su desert is positioned at the Inner Mongol, Shaanxi and the Ningxia area that crosses, and about more than 30,000 square kilometres of desert distribution area is one of China's eight nefuds.Present embodiment is a raw material with hair Wu Su desert drift-sand, produces by employing beneficiation method preparation of the present invention as shown in Figure 1 and satisfies the quartz concentrate product (Fe of ware glass industry with the sand standard
2O
3Content≤0.35%, and Al
2O
3Content≤4.0%), concrete preparation method and flow process are as follows:
1, the raw ore sample ore is analyzed
Aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, the desert sample ore that present embodiment is selected for use is the fine sand shape, and the sand grains particle diameter is many below 0.5mm, and is comparatively even; Totally be khaki color under the naked eyes, wherein visible a small amount of black particle.
1.1 the chemical composition analysis of raw ore sample ore
The multielement chemical composition analysis result of above-mentioned raw ore sample ore such as following table 1, the chemical phase analysis result of iron is as shown in table 2 below.
Table 1: the chemical composition analysis result (unit: %) of raw ore sample ore
| Component | ??SiO 2 | ??Al 2O 3 | ??K 2O | ??Na 2O | ??CaO | ??MgO | ??Fe 2O 3 | ??TiO 2 | ??Ig |
| Content | ??73.95 | ??14.06 | ??3.10 | ??3.36 | ??1.10 | ??0.27 | ??1.49 | ??0.33 | ??0.91 |
Table 2: the chemical phase analysis result (unit: %) of iron in the raw ore sample ore
| Iron phase | Fe in red, the limonite | Fe in the magnetite | Fe in the ilmenite | Fe in the sulfide | Fe in the carbonate | Fe in the silicate | Fe adds up to |
| Amount of metal | ??0.42 | ??0.13 | ??0.11 | ??0.012 | ??0.018 | ??0.35 | ??1.04 |
| Distributive law | ??40.38 | ??12.50 | ??10.58 | ??1.15 | ??1.73 | ??33.66 | ??100.00 |
By last table 1～table 2 as can be seen: the main component in (1) present embodiment raw ore sample ore is SiO
2And Al
2O
3, the two content sum is 88.01%; Next is Na
2O, K
2O, Fe and CaO etc.; (2) Fe in the present embodiment raw ore sample ore
2O
3Content is 1.49%, TiO
2Content is 0.33%; (3) iron all has distribution in the present embodiment raw ore sample ore in the different sorts mineral, the iron proportion that wherein is red (brown) iron ore output is up to 40.38%, tax exists the iron in magnetite and the ilmenite to account for 12.50% and 10.58% respectively, and rest part then mainly exists with the form of silicates mineral; It is 63.46% that iron in tax exists red (brown) iron ore, magnetite and the ilmenite adds up to distributive law.
1.2 the composition of raw ore sample ore and content analysis
Sample ore is khaki color fine sand shape under naked eyes, and the sand grains size is comparatively even, visible rare dark minerals particle.Evaluation under mirror, X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscope analysis synthetic study show that the main mineral composition in the raw ore is feldspar and quartz, and next has hornblende, pyroxene, sericite, chlorite and aspidelite etc.; Iron mineral is in the majority with rhombohedral iron ore, and inferior is ilmenite, magnetite and a small amount of limonite.Though other accessory minerals content is very low, of a great variety, comprises pistacite, garnet, zircon, rutile, pyrite, tourmalinite, monazite and organic matter etc.The weight content of essential mineral sees the following form 3 in the raw ore sample ore, and the X-ray diffraction analysis collection of illustrative plates of raw ore and the heavy sand product by enrichment is seen Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3 respectively.
Table 3: the content analysis (unit: %) of essential mineral in the raw ore sample ore
| Mineral | Feldspar | Quartzy | The hornblende pyroxene | Aspidelite | Sericite | Chlorite | Hematite and limonite | Magnetite | Ilmenite | Rutile | Other |
| Content | ??48.5 | ??31.5 | ??4.2 | ??1.8 | ??7.1 | ??4.6 | ??0.6 | ??0.2 | ??0.2 | ??＜0.1 | ??1.2 |
As seen from the above analysis, the essential mineral in the aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert in the present embodiment is quartz and feldspar, can be used as the raw material of preparation quartz concentrate, in addition the A1 that contains in the raw ore
2O
3, Fe
2O
3And TiO
2Content is higher, need carry out ore dressing to its raw ore and handle.
2, the early stage deferrization process
2.1 dry type magnetic separation separates
At first dry type magnetic separation being carried out in above-mentioned aeolian accumulation sand plain ore deposit, desert separates, dry type magnetic separation separates and comprises the twice high intensity magnetic separation separation operation in front and back, the dry type magnetic separation separating step is to carry out in a rare earth permanent magnet roll-type dry high-magnetic separation machine, the magneticstrength on the magnetic roller surface of this rare earth permanent magnet roll-type dry high-magnetic separation machine is 13000 Gausses, and the separating effect after dry type magnetic separation separates is as shown in table 4 below.
Table 4: the isolating separating effect of dry type magnetic separation
By last table 4 as seen, rare earth permanent magnet roll-type dry high-magnetic separation machine deironing (titanium) effect is obvious, by a separation operation, the Fe of magnetic concentrate
2O
3Content can be reduced to about 0.61%, TiO
2Content is 0.13%; By twice separation operation, Fe
2O
3Content can be reduced to about 0.55%, TiO
2Content is 0.11%.This mainly is because the sorting magneticstrength of one side equipment height own, the dry high-magnetic separation machine of the relatively more suitable opening magnetic system structure of raw ore sample ore on the other hand.
2.2 gravity treatment separates
Concentrate after the dry type magnetic separation separation is carried out gravity treatment separate, the gravity treatment separating step is to carry out in a spiral chute (LL610 type).Spiral chute is to utilize the method for carrying out ore dressing along the inclined-plane flowing water flow, ore pulp is after top feeds, grain mass-sending layer estranged in moving process along concentrated flow, the heavy suite that enters bottom trends towards the inner edge motion of groove, light mineral then is thrown toward outer rim in turning motion fast, thereby realizes separation light, heavy mineral.The gravity treatment separating resulting of present embodiment sees Table 5.
Table 5: the raw ore spiral chute sorts the technological effect after the operation
To separate what select for use be only through the charging as follow-up step of the concentrate that obtains after the sorting in the dry type magnetic separation separating step in gravity treatment in the present embodiment; When the concentrate after the sorting still can be prepared satisfactory quartz sand concentrate by subsequent step when, obviously select for use the concentrate after the above-mentioned secondary sorting just can prepare the better quartz sand concentrate of quality.
2.3 powerful scouring, graded desliming
Concentrate after the above-mentioned gravity treatment separation is carried out brute force scouring, graded desliming.The powerful scouring is meant the mechanical scrub of carrying out in vertical stirring scrubber, the rotating speed of scrubber is 2000r/min, the consumption of cleaning medicament NaOH is 0.3%, it is 65% that ore pulp is cleaned concentration, the scouring time is 30min, clean the back and adopted high frequency shale shaker (150 order) to carry out graded desliming, behind the graded desliming+Fe of 150 order products
2O
3Grade is reduced to 0.35% by above-mentioned 0.43%.
2.4 wet magnetic separation separates
Concentrate behind above-mentioned brute force scouring, the graded desliming is carried out wet magnetic separation separate, the magneticstrength of Wet-type strong magnetic separator is 13000 Gausses (adjustable), and after wet magnetic separation separated end, finishing in earlier stage, the deferrization process process obtained except that iron ore concentrate.As shown in table 6 below through the technological effect of early stage after the deferrization process process as shown in Figure 4.
Table 6: early stage the technological effect behind the deferrization process
By last table 6 as seen, after the process deferrization process in early stage, the deironing concentrate yield is about 80%, Fe
2O
3Content can be reduced to below 0.3%, TiO
2Content can be reduced to below 0.08%.
3, quartzy separating technology of later stage
The quartzy flotation separation that iron ore concentrate is proceeded the later stage of removing to obtaining after the above-mentioned deironing in early stage.
3.1 powerful scouring, graded desliming
As shown in Figure 5, earlier the concentrate product that obtains after the deironing in early stage is carried out brute force and clean, the consumption of cleaning with NaOH is 0.1%, and graded desliming is carried out after cleaning 30min again in the surface, adopts high frequency shale shaker (150 order) to carry out graded desliming.
3.2 free-floride has the acid system flotation separation
Concentrate behind the graded desliming is carried out free-floride the acid system flotation separation is arranged, it is to adopt sulfuric acid as activator that free-floride has acid flotation process, the composition that adopts coco amine and petroleum sodium sulfonate is as collecting agent, the mass ratio of coco amine and petroleum sodium sulfonate is 1: 5 in the collecting agent, obtain quartz concentrate through one roughing, secondary after scanning in the flotation separation process, feldspar mineral aggregate (being 1+ feldspar ore deposit, feldspar ore deposit 2) in the middle of also can obtaining simultaneously.The consumption of roughly selecting collecting agent in the operation is 6000g/t, and the consumption of scanning collecting agent in the operation is 2000g/t.Free-floride has the technological effect of acid system floatation separation process as shown in table 7 below.
Table 7: free-floride has the process results of acid system flotation separation
By the technological effect of last table 7 as can be known: sweep three subjobs, the Al of quartzy product through one thick two
2O
3Grade is reduced to 1.65%.The chemical composition analysis of the quartz that obtains at last, is as shown in table 8 below.
Table 8: the main chemical compositions analysis (unit: %) of quartz concentrate product
| Composition | ??SiO 2 | ??Al 2O 3 | ??Fe 2O 3 | ??K 2O | ??Na 2O | ??TiO 2 | ??CaO | ??MgO |
| Quartzy | ??95.47 | ??1.65 | ??0.093 | ??0.12 | ??0.23 | ??0.018 | ??0.13 | ??0.026 |
By the chemical composition analysis of last table 8 as seen, the chemical ingredients of quartz concentrate product has reached the requirement of container glass.
Claims (9)
1. method of utilizing separating and preparing quartz sand concentrate from wind-laid sand in desert, this method comprises deferrization process and quartzy separating technology of later stage in earlier stage, described early stage, deferrization process specifically may further comprise the steps: at first the desert drift-sand is carried out dry type magnetic separation and separate, concentrate after the dry type magnetic separation separation is carried out gravity treatment to be separated, concentrate after the gravity treatment separation is carried out brute force scouring, graded desliming, carry out wet magnetic separation then and separate, iron ore concentrate quartzy separating technology postmenstruation that removes after wet magnetic separation separates obtains quartz sand concentrate product.
2. the method for utilizing separating and preparing quartz sand concentrate from wind-laid sand in desert according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described later stage, quartzy separating technology may further comprise the steps: the advanced row brute force of iron ore concentrate of removing that described early stage, deferrization process obtained is cleaned, carry out graded desliming then, have acid flotation process to obtain the quartz sand concentrate by free-floride at last.
3. the method for utilizing separating and preparing quartz sand concentrate from wind-laid sand in desert according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, it is to adopt sulfuric acid as activator that described free-floride has acid flotation process, adopt coco amine and petroleum sodium sulfonate as collecting agent, obtain the quartz sand concentrate through after roughly selecting and repeatedly scanning then.
4. the method for utilizing separating and preparing quartz sand concentrate from wind-laid sand in desert according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the mass ratio of coco amine and petroleum sodium sulfonate is 1: 5 in the described collecting agent, the described consumption of roughly selecting collecting agent in the operation is 3000g/t～6000g/t, and the described consumption of scanning collecting agent in the operation is 1000g/t～2000g/t.
5. according to each described method of utilizing separating and preparing quartz sand concentrate from wind-laid sand in desert in the claim 1～4, it is characterized in that, described dry type magnetic separation separate comprise before and after twice high intensity magnetic separation separation operation, the magneticstrength during described high intensity magnetic separation sorting is 13000～15000 Gausses.
6. according to each described method of utilizing separating and preparing quartz sand concentrate from wind-laid sand in desert in the claim 1～4, it is characterized in that described gravity treatment separating step is to carry out in a spiral concentrator.
7. according to each described method of utilizing separating and preparing quartz sand concentrate from wind-laid sand in desert in the claim 1～4, it is characterized in that, described powerful the scouring is meant the mechanical scrub of carrying out in vertical stirring scrubber, in the described mechanical scrub step: the consumption of cleaning medicament sodium hydroxide is 0.1%～0.4%, the scouring rotating speed is 500r/min～2000r/min, and the scouring time is 30min～60min.
8. according to each described method of utilizing separating and preparing quartz sand concentrate from wind-laid sand in desert in the claim 1～4, it is characterized in that described graded desliming is to finish on high frequency shale shaker.
9. according to each described method of utilizing separating and preparing quartz sand concentrate from wind-laid sand in desert in the claim 1～4, it is characterized in that, it is to carry out in wet type electromagnetism intensity magnetic separator that described wet magnetic separation separates, and the high magnetic field intensity scope of described wet type electromagnetism intensity magnetic separator sorting is 11000～14000 Gausses.
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