CN101870042A - Magnesium alloy welded joint of thick plate AZ31 and single-side welding method thereof - Google Patents
Magnesium alloy welded joint of thick plate AZ31 and single-side welding method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101870042A CN101870042A CN 201010210847 CN201010210847A CN101870042A CN 101870042 A CN101870042 A CN 101870042A CN 201010210847 CN201010210847 CN 201010210847 CN 201010210847 A CN201010210847 A CN 201010210847A CN 101870042 A CN101870042 A CN 101870042A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a magnesium alloy welded joint of a thick plate AZ31 and a single-side welding method thereof, belonging to the technical field of the welding process in the material processing engineering. In particular, the invention provides a high-strength AZ31 magnesium alloy welded joint with the thickness being 15-20mm and a single-side welding method thereof. In the structure of the welded joint, the groove adopts a Y shape, the groove angle is 70-80 degrees, the truncated edge is 1mm, the root gap is 0, and the anti-deformation pad is 2-3mm; the direct penetration of the root part can be achieved through reducing the size of the truncated edge, shortening the root gap and adjusting the energy of the backing weld line, thereby realizing the purpose of single-side welding and double-side formation; due to the additional arrangement of the anti-deformation pad, the invention solves the problem of large deformation during the magnesium alloy welding of the thick plate; and the process parameters can be optimized to obtain a welded joint with the tensile strength up to 86 percent of the base metal. The method has the advantages of low cost, simple process and convenient operation, and provides technical support for application of the magnesium alloy in fields with high requirements for the strength and precision.
Description
Technical field
The invention provides a kind of magnesium alloy welded joint of thick plate AZ 31 and one side welding method thereof, high strength AZ31 magnesium alloy weld joint and one side welding method thereof that particularly a kind of 15～20mm is thick belong to the welding technique field in the Materials Processing Engineering.
Background technology
Characteristics such as magnesium alloy has that chemical activity height, molten boiling point are low, thermal conductivity factor and thermal coefficient of expansion are big, welding process are easy to generate slag inclusion, pore, distortion, crackle and problem such as overheated, have seriously hindered the application of its welding structural element.Domestic and international many scientific research institutions and colleges and universities have all carried out the welding of magnesium alloy, but only limit to the welding of (being less than or equal to 10mm) of its thin plate, and along with the application of high-strength magnesium alloy on lightweight armor, the welding fabrication of slab magnesium alloy begins to receive publicity.
Because magnesium alloy has bigger thermal coefficient of expansion, thereby weld to be easy to generate and shrink and angular deformation, there is bigger distortion in the welding of slab magnesium alloy, and this uses for the higher field of dimension precision requirement is very disadvantageous.
Welding condition is the of paramount importance factors of decision weld job success or failure, and the welding condition that wherein feels secure selects whether rationally directly to have influence on joint quality.Find that through experiment it is improper that technological parameter is selected, slab magnesium alloy bottoming welding is subsided easily and is or lack of penetration.Thereby be necessary to optimize magnesium alloy weld joint structure spy and technological parameter.
Summary of the invention
Still immature at present cut deal magnesium alloy welding procedure, the present situation of the pore that produces in the slab magnesium alloy welding process, incomplete fusion, deformation defect the invention provides a kind of magnesium alloy welded joint of thick plate AZ 31 and one side welding method thereof.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides following technical proposals:
A kind of magnesium alloy welded joint of thick plate AZ 31, groove type Y type is characterized in that: the bevel angle of described welding point is 70 °～80 °, and root face is of a size of 1mm, root gap is 0.
Wherein, the thickness range of described welding point sheet material is 15～20mm.
A kind of one side welding method of magnesium alloy welded joint of thick plate AZ 31 comprises the steps:
(1) prepares before the weldering
Cleaning sheet material and welding wire surface dirt, sheet material is carried out 100～200 ℃ of The pre-heat treatment, time is 1～2 hour, after the taking-up that welding surface is residual chemical spot and oxide-film are cleaned out, the reversible deformation cushion block is put into assembly bench symmetrically and keep every reversible deformation cushion block and weldering bakie center line that 10～13mm distance is arranged, mount is good, welding gun and welding direction keep 100～105 °, wire guiding nipple tilts 20～30 °, the starting the arc is aimed at welding wire before with welding gun tungsten electrode and welding wire guarantees to be positioned at the most advanced and sophisticated bottom of tungsten electrode, at last welding wire is retracted in the wire guiding nipple.
(2) welding
Welding is divided into the bottoming welding, fills welding and cover welding.Every weldering is intact clears up together afterwards, descends welding together after 2～3 minutes, and after single-sided welding was intact, whole welding process finished; Parameters of welding is: arc voltage 10～11V, and AC balance (interchange equilibrium valve) 4.5～5, purity is argon flow amount 14～16L/min of 99.9%; Bottoming welding: electric current 275～290A, speed of welding 32cm/min, wire feed rate 145cm/min; Fill welding: when electric current 275～285A, speed of welding 25～32cm/min, wire feed rate 120～145cm/min; When electric current 265～275A, speed of welding 20～25cm/min, wire feed rate 100～120cm/min; Cover welding: when electric current 275～285A, speed of welding 25～32cm/min, wire feed rate 120～145cm/min; When electric current 265～275A, speed of welding 20～25cm/min, wire feed rate 100～120cm/min.
Wherein, described welding wire is that diameter is the AZ61 magnesium alloy solder wire of 2.4mm; The reversible deformation cushion block is a metal material, and thickness is 2～3mm, is added on the sheet material bottom, is placed on weldering bakie both sides symmetrically, and every reversible deformation cushion block keeps 10～13mm distance with weldering bakie center line respectively.
The welding method that is adopted is argon tungsten-arc welding, tungsten electrode carrying alternating current scope: 240～350A; Tungsten electrode is preferably the cerium tungsten of diameter 4mm, and nozzle diameter is 16mm.
Wherein, the preferred weld technological parameter is: arc voltage 11V, AC balance 4.5, purity is 99.9% argon flow amount 14L/min, bottoming welding: electric current 290A, speed of welding 32cm/min, wire feed rate 145cm/min, fill welding: when electric current 275～285A, speed of welding 25～32cm/min, wire feed rate 120～145cm/min; When electric current 265～275A, speed of welding 20～25cm/min, wire feed rate 100～120cm/min, cover welding: when electric current 275～285A, speed of welding 25～32cm/min, wire feed rate 120～145cm/min; When electric current 265～275A, speed of welding 20～25cm/min, wire feed rate 100～120cm/min, the joint tensile strength for preparing reaches mother metal 86%.
Beneficial effect
1. by adding the reversible deformation cushion block, reduce the root face size and do not stay root gap, make actual welding joint bevel angle increase, the turbulent flow and the heat transmission means of argon gas when having improved low-angle groove bottoming welding, the backing weld seam moulding is attractive in appearance, for follow-up filling welding and cover welding are laid a good foundation;
2. by adding contravariant type cushion block, there is distortion hardly in welding point;
3. pass through fixedly parameters such as wire feed rate, arc voltage, speed of welding, only adjust welding current and control actual input mother metal weld heat input, simple to operation, welding effect is good, can obtain the welding point that tensile strength reaches mother metal 86%.
The specific embodiment
In order to prove absolutely characteristic of the present invention and to implement mode of the present invention, provide embodiment below.In following examples, the groove type of welding point is the Y type, and root face is of a size of 1mm, and root gap is 0; Welding wire adopts the AZ61 magnesium alloy solder wire of diameter 2.4mm; Described reversible deformation cushion block is an aluminum alloy materials, is added on the sheet material bottom; Tungsten electrode adopts the cerium tungsten of diameter 4mm, carrying alternating current scope: 240～350A; Purity of argon is 99.9%.
Embodiment 1
With bevel angle is 80 °, and thickness is 1 of 20mm
#Sheet material is put into 20% salpeter solution etch 2min, put into preheating cabinet afterwards and carry out 100 ℃ of preheatings, take out after 1 hour, wire brushing groove face and apart from groove center line 30mm plate surface, chemical spot and oxide-film that welding surface is residual are cleaned out; Two thick reversible deformation cushion blocks of 2mm are placed on weldering bakie both sides symmetrically, and every reversible deformation cushion block keeps the 10mm distance with weldering bakie center line respectively; It is good that sheet material is put on the testing stand mount; Welding gun and welding direction keep 105 °, and wire guiding nipple tilts 25 °.Welding is divided into the bottoming welding, fills welding and cover welding, and welding condition is provided with as follows: arc voltage 11V; AC balance 4.5, argon flow amount 14L/min; Bottoming welding: electric current 275A, speed of welding 32cm/min, wire feed rate 145cm/min; Fill welding: electric current 285A, speed of welding 32cm/min, wire feed rate 145cm/min; Cover welding electric current 265A, speed of welding 20cm/min, wire feed rate 120cm/min.After intact one of every weldering, must clear up, descend welding together after 2 minutes with wire brush; After single-sided welding was intact, whole welding process finished.After whole welding process finishes, carry out tension test, the joint tensile sample is processed according to GB GB2651-89.1
#It is 40mm that distance is melted at the sheet material back side, stretch test result such as table 1, and the result shows 1
#Sheet material welding point tensile strength mean value 154MPa is 61% of strength of parent, and elongation after fracture mean value is 2.3.
Embodiment 2
With bevel angle is 75 °, and thickness is 2 of 20mm
#Sheet material is put into 20% salpeter solution etch 2min, put into preheating cabinet and carry out 150 ℃ of preheatings, 1.5 take out after hour, wire brushing groove face and apart from groove center line 30mm plate surface, chemical spot and oxide-film that welding surface is residual are cleaned out; Two thick reversible deformation cushion blocks of 2mm are placed on weldering bakie both sides symmetrically, and every reversible deformation cushion block keeps the 10mm distance with weldering bakie center line respectively; It is good that sheet material is put on the testing stand mount; Welding gun and welding direction keep 100 °, and wire guiding nipple tilts 20 °.Welding is divided into the bottoming welding, fills welding and cover welding, and welding condition is provided with as follows: arc voltage 10V, AC balance 5, argon flow amount 15L/min; Bottoming welding: electric current 280A, speed of welding 32cm/min, wire feed rate 145cm/min; Fill welding: electric current 280A, speed of welding 32cm/min, wire feed rate 145cm/min; Cover welding: electric current 280A, speed of welding 32cm/min, wire feed rate 145cm/min.After intact one of every weldering, must clear up with wire brush, descend welding together after 2 minutes, after single-sided welding was intact, whole welding process finished.After whole welding process finishes, carry out tension test, the joint tensile sample is processed according to GB GB2651-89; 2
#Penetration distance in the sheet material back side is 80mm, stretch test result such as table 1, and welding point tensile strength mean value 200MPa is 79% of strength of parent, elongation after fracture mean value is 3.3, increases than the elongation after fracture of embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
With bevel angle is 70 °, and dimensions is 3 of 20mm
#Sheet material is put into 20% salpeter solution etch 2min, put into preheating cabinet and carry out 200 ℃ of preheatings, take out after 1 hour, wire brushing groove face and apart from groove center line 30mm plate surface, chemical spot and oxide-film that welding surface is residual are cleaned out; Two thick reversible deformation cushion blocks of 3mm are placed on weldering bakie both sides symmetrically, and every reversible deformation cushion block keeps the 13mm distance with weldering bakie center line respectively; It is good that sheet material is put on the testing stand mount; Welding gun and welding direction keep 105 °, and wire guiding nipple tilts 30 °.Welding is divided into the bottoming welding, fills welding and cover welding, and welding condition is provided with as follows: arc voltage 11V, AC balance 4.5, argon flow amount 16L/min; Bottoming welding: electric current 285A, speed of welding 32cm/min, wire feed rate 145cm/min; Fill welding: electric current 285A, speed of welding 32cm/min, wire feed rate 145cm/min; Cover welding: electric current 275A, speed of welding 25cm/min, wire feed rate 145cm/min.After intact one of every weldering, must clear up with wire brush, descend welding together after 2 minutes, after single-sided welding was intact, whole welding process finished.After whole welding process finishes, carry out tension test, the joint tensile sample is processed according to GB GB2651-89.3
#Penetration distance in the sheet material back side is 156mm, stretch test result such as table 1, and welding point tensile strength mean value 186MPa reaches 73% of strength of parent, and elongation after fracture mean value is 4.8, all increases than the elongation after fracture of embodiment 1,2.
Embodiment 4
With bevel angle is 70 °, and dimensions is 4 of 20mm
#Sheet material is put into 20% salpeter solution etch 2min, put into preheating cabinet and carry out 100 ℃ of preheatings, take out after 2 hours, wire brushing groove face and apart from groove center line 30mm plate surface, chemical spot and oxide-film that welding surface is residual are cleaned out; Two thick reversible deformation cushion blocks of 3mm are placed on weldering bakie both sides symmetrically, and every reversible deformation cushion block keeps the 13mm distance with weldering bakie center line respectively; It is good that sheet material is put on the testing stand mount; Welding gun and welding direction keep 100 °, and wire guiding nipple tilts 20 °.Welding is divided into the bottoming welding, fills welding and cover welding, and welding condition is provided with as follows: arc voltage 10V, AC balance 5, argon flow amount 14L/min; Bottoming welding current 290A, speed of welding 32cm/min, wire feed rate 145cm/min; Fill welding current 275A, speed of welding 32cm/min, wire feed rate 145cm/min; Cover welding electric current 275A, speed of welding 32cm/min, wire feed rate 120cm/min; After intact one of every weldering, must clear up with wire brush, descend welding together after 2 minutes, after single-sided welding was intact, whole welding process finished.After whole welding process finishes, carry out tension test, the joint tensile sample is processed according to GB GB2651-89; The whole penetrations in the 4# sheet material back side, stretch test result sees Table 1, and the result shows, tensile strength mean value rises to 217MPa, reaches mother metal 86%, and elongation after fracture mean value is 10.5, elongation after fracture than embodiment 1,2 and 3 all increases, and has received good effect.
Table 1 welding joint mechanical property
Annotate: tensile strength, regulation disproportional extension strength, elongation after fracture and joint efficiency are 1 in the table 1
#3 samples of sheet material, 2
#3 samples of sheet material, 3
#3 samples of sheet material and 4
#The mean value of 3 samples of sheet material.
The present invention includes but be not limited to above embodiment, every any being equal to of carrying out under the spirit and principles in the present invention, replace or local improvement, all will be considered as within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. magnesium alloy welded joint of thick plate AZ 31, groove type is the Y type, it is characterized in that: the bevel angle of described welding point is 70 °～80 °, and root face is of a size of 1mm, root gap is 0.
2. a kind of magnesium alloy welded joint of thick plate AZ 31 according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described welding point sheet metal thickness size range is 15～20mm.
3. the one side welding method of a magnesium alloy welded joint of thick plate AZ 31, it is characterized in that: welding method comprises the steps:
(1) prepares before the weldering
Cleaning sheet material and welding wire surface dirt, sheet material is carried out 100～200 ℃ of The pre-heat treatment, time is 1～2 hour, after the taking-up that welding surface is residual chemical spot and oxide-film are cleaned out, the reversible deformation cushion block is put into assembly bench symmetrically and keep every reversible deformation cushion block and weldering bakie center line that 10～13mm distance is arranged, mount is good, welding gun and welding direction keep 100～105 °, wire guiding nipple tilts 20～30 °, the starting the arc is aimed at welding wire before with welding gun tungsten electrode and welding wire guarantees to be positioned at the most advanced and sophisticated bottom of tungsten electrode, at last welding wire is retracted in the wire guiding nipple;
(2) welding
Welding is divided into the bottoming welding, fills welding and cover welding; Every weldering is intact clears up together afterwards, descends welding together after 2～3 minutes, and after single-sided welding was intact, whole welding process finished; Parameters of welding is: arc voltage 10～11V, and AC balance 4.5～5, purity is argon flow amount 14～16L/min of 99.9%; Bottoming welding: electric current 275～290A, speed of welding 32cm/min, wire feed rate 145cm/min fills welding: when electric current 275～285A, speed of welding 25～32cm/min, wire feed rate 120～145cm/min is when electric current 265～275A, speed of welding 20～25cm/min, wire feed rate 100～120cm/min; Cover welding: when electric current 275～285A, speed of welding 25～32cm/min, wire feed rate 120～145cm/min; When electric current 265～275A, speed of welding 20～25cm/min, wire feed rate 100～120cm/min.
4. the one side welding method of a kind of magnesium alloy welded joint of thick plate AZ 31 according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described welding wire is that diameter is the AZ61 magnesium alloy solder wire of 2.4mm.
5. the one side welding method of a kind of magnesium alloy welded joint of thick plate AZ 31 according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described reversible deformation cushion block is a metal material, thickness is 2～3mm, be added on the sheet material bottom, be placed on weldering bakie both sides symmetrically, every reversible deformation cushion block keeps 10～13mm distance with weldering bakie center line respectively.
6. the one side welding method of a kind of magnesium alloy welded joint of thick plate AZ 31 according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the welding method that is adopted is argon tungsten-arc welding, tungsten electrode carrying alternating current scope: 240～350A.
7. according to the one side welding method of claim 3 or 6 described a kind of magnesium alloy welded joint of thick plate AZ 31, it is characterized in that: described tungsten electrode is preferably the cerium tungsten of diameter 4mm, and nozzle diameter is 16mm.
8. the one side welding method of a kind of magnesium alloy welded joint of thick plate AZ 31 according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the preferred weld technological parameter is: arc voltage 11V, AC balance 4.5, purity is 99.9% argon flow amount 14L/min, bottoming welding: electric current 290A, speed of welding 32cm/min, wire feed rate 145cm/min, fill welding: when electric current 275～285A, speed of welding 25～32cm/min, wire feed rate 120～145cm/min; When electric current 265～275A, speed of welding 20～25cm/min, wire feed rate 100～120cm/min; Cover welding: when electric current 275～285A, speed of welding 25～32cm/min, wire feed rate 120～145cm/min; When electric current 265～275A, speed of welding 20～25cm/min, wire feed rate 100～120cm/min, the joint tensile strength for preparing reaches mother metal 86%.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103586568A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-02-19 | 国家电网公司 | Aluminum alloy thick plate welding process |
| CN105328310A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-02-17 | 山东省科学院新材料研究所 | Automatic argon arc slotting and filler wire welding method for magnesium alloy lap welding |
| CN105397247A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-03-16 | 山东银光钰源轻金属精密成型有限公司 | Welding technology of dissimilar magnesium alloy profile |
| CN105499759A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-04-20 | 天津东义镁制品股份有限公司 | Processing method for improving performance of welding joint of AZ31B magnesium alloy plate |
| CN106513981A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-03-22 | 上海航天设备制造总厂 | Special backing plate for friction-stir welding and welding method adopting backing plate |
| CN109514113A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-03-26 | 西安飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of reversible deformation method for the welding of Invar alloy material |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103586568A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-02-19 | 国家电网公司 | Aluminum alloy thick plate welding process |
| CN105499759A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-04-20 | 天津东义镁制品股份有限公司 | Processing method for improving performance of welding joint of AZ31B magnesium alloy plate |
| CN105328310A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-02-17 | 山东省科学院新材料研究所 | Automatic argon arc slotting and filler wire welding method for magnesium alloy lap welding |
| CN105397247A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-03-16 | 山东银光钰源轻金属精密成型有限公司 | Welding technology of dissimilar magnesium alloy profile |
| CN106513981A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-03-22 | 上海航天设备制造总厂 | Special backing plate for friction-stir welding and welding method adopting backing plate |
| CN109514113A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-03-26 | 西安飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of reversible deformation method for the welding of Invar alloy material |
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