CN101863093A - 一种拉伸、注塑及吹制超轻型瓶子的方法 - Google Patents

一种拉伸、注塑及吹制超轻型瓶子的方法 Download PDF

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CN101863093A
CN101863093A CN200910215357A CN200910215357A CN101863093A CN 101863093 A CN101863093 A CN 101863093A CN 200910215357 A CN200910215357 A CN 200910215357A CN 200910215357 A CN200910215357 A CN 200910215357A CN 101863093 A CN101863093 A CN 101863093A
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莫仁诺·巴瑞儿
埃琳娜·奥尔多
迪诺·恩里科·赞恩
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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Abstract

一种新的，代替简单圆筒状的内颈剖面，它靠近一个内环处，位于与支撑凸耳(A)水平的高度上，并与支撑凸耳(B)下面的区域内的一个特殊剖面相对应。这些剖面使得支撑凸耳与其下面的区域之间的内壁材料可以是具有不同形状和结构(转动形状)，使得颈部不会变成椭圆形，并且在吹制过程中既不用减少重量，也可以使支撑凸耳不发生变形。本发明可以获得一种具有良好物理机械性能的超轻型容也可以通过减少颈部的重量来减少总重量。常用的方法是减小颈部的宽度，但是这样会使颈部变成椭圆形，从而引起不密封的问题，使内容物发生损失。现有技术中对颈部宽度的减小还会带来径向更度过小的问题。在此所述的本发明可以提供由不同原材料制成的各种类型的超轻型容器。

Description

一种拉伸、注塑及吹制超轻型瓶子的方法
背景技术
在过去的数年中，人们一直在持续地研究获得超轻型热塑性容器。
在意大利，人们也在研究一种不会降低瓶子物理机械性能的超轻型瓶子/瓶胚体剖面。
后来，超轻型的处理集中在颈部，通过减小尺寸，使用薄壁，厚度小的支撑凸耳等等。一个公知的例子是从PCO 1810改进到PCO 19，最后达到“PCO Corvaglia”。
通过这种方法，在实际上完成了对球形重量的减少。
无论如何，为了经济和环境因素，现在更紧迫，更紧急地需要使用更少的材料。
在某些情况下，也可以使重量非常轻，但是必须加入氮气才能使这些容器具有合适的机械性能。事实上一旦容器被打开，它就变得很难处理。
因此必须要获得那些既具有良好机械性能，并且重量也轻的容器。
对具有最轻的公知颈部的最轻制造瓶进行重量的具体分析后，发现最重要的部分是颈部和支撑凸耳下面的区域。
例如，在某些情况下，该部分聚积了40-26％的材料。
因此一种超轻型颈部，其具有必要的硬度，从而在容器的制造过程中保持其形状，并具有持续阶段的抵抗力，直至消费者的最后使用，这些都不能引起瓶体重量的增加。
通过减小颈部的宽度，可以进一步减少颈部的重量，但是在实际中这会在加热和吹制过程中引起一些问题，如颈部发生变形及/或颈部支撑凸耳发生变形，从而会在后续的装瓶过程中增加难度，如引导运输，填充运输，包覆运输和码垛运输等。颈部会在这些最后的步骤中损毁。
新的瓶胚体/模具可以减小颈部的宽度，使宽度小于实际的限制，这些实际的限制到目前为止被认为是必须的，它可以防止由主要的表面径向阻力引起的椭圆形变形。
这样在最初的分析中，就产生了一种比现有瓶子的重量小30-40％的瓶子。此外，还额外减轻了瓶子14％的重量。在这些容器中，较之最初的考虑，它的颈部及支撑凸耳下面的区域仅占了17％的材料。
此外，还可以制造出防止颈部发生变形的盖子。本发明在减少盖子重量的同时，保持了盖子的硬度。
颈部剖面及支撑凸耳下面的区域所具有的特殊表面可以增加距离Z，使之更有益于盖子的制造及瓶子的运输。
由于表面积最大化，因此该尺寸也可以最大化，运输也可以最简易。该尺寸的增加也可以有益于盖子的制造，使得心轴可以简易地紧夹支撑凸耳。
当颈部表面是转向型时(图1)，该尺寸(z+z1)比传统设计(图2)约大20-100％。此外还证实了本发明中的部分可用表面(z+z 1)既可以减小支撑凸耳的直径，还可以进一步减少颈部的重量。
虽然颈部的重量减轻了，但是由于可用的主要空间增加了安全性，因此直径z到z+z1的减小将有益于大型结构时典型地应用手柄。
本发明另一个重要方面是其可以适用于现有的生产线，包括吹制机械，运输生产线和灌装机械。本发明也能适用于改进的设计和新系统。
通过用支撑凸耳简单地代替瓶颈，就可以使用现有的各种模具。
发明概述
本发明的目的是制造超轻型颈部和超轻型瓶胚体，它不会在瓶子的吹制、灌装、封盖和运输，包括最后的使用过程中影响颈部及支撑凸耳下面区域，而一直保持颈部的支撑凸耳及其下面区域的形状和硬度。
由于在支撑凸耳处的材料具有抗性，从而使颈部可以保持其圆环形。
另一个问题是避免了支撑凸耳发生损坏：在整个加热吹制过程中，由于支撑凸耳非常轻，因此它不可能不向上损坏。
为了防止上述情况的发生，瓶颈靠近于支撑凸耳下面的区域，而在支撑凸耳下面区域的瓶子剖面上具有一个带有弯曲部分(B)的凹环，它可以增加一个抵抗力，来遏制支撑凸耳向上的趋势。实际上，当将材料吹附在弯曲上时，可以在支撑凸耳及其下面的区域之间产生一个内环，来防止支撑凸耳发生向上的移动。由于材料性能已经与模具相关连，因此将对这部分上的移动施加力量，来替代将力量转移到支撑凸耳上。
本发明在轴向拉伸过程中使颈部聚积的材料更小，这是因为在实际中瓶子模具中支撑凸耳下面的圆环使瓶胚中支撑凸耳下面的区域与模具具有一定的距离(图1中的f)，这样可以防止塑料发生冷却，能够被推到瓶底，而不会塞住瓶肩，这在图2所示的结构中很容易发生(传统情况)。尤其是比传统情况减小了非伸展区，使所有材料更好地沿着瓶子分布。
图1为瓶胚体剖面的主视图，其中该瓶胚体剖面位于模具内剖面内，而该模具内剖面用于制造瓶子剖面。
图2为传统的情况。
图3的上述凸耳的优选例。图中，
T：螺纹
N.F.：颈部界限
S.R.：密封环
S.L.：支撑凸耳
U.S.L.：支撑凸耳下的区域
P：支撑凸耳平面
图4、5和6是上述剖面具有不同加固件的示意图。
图7和8是具有肋骨的加固件实施例的示意图。
图9是支撑凸耳下面区域的外剖面图。
本发明的目的是为超轻型容器提供一种新的，在颈部水平的瓶胚体内剖面，用于制造具有适宜物理机械特性的超轻型容器。
该目的可以用于颈部及支撑凸耳下面区域高度上的一个瓶胚体剖面与一个瓶子剖面相结合，使该区域更有力，同时能减少瓶体的重量。
本发明可以应用在任意现有的颈部界限，并可以应用所有的热塑性材料中(PET、OPP、PLA等)。

Claims (26)

1.一种瓶胚体剖面，其特征在于起始于支撑凸耳的高度或是稍微高于支撑凸耳的高度，而不是如常见的起始于支撑凸耳平面；基于此，该瓶胚体剖面减少了向下的剖面直径，于是获得了一个类似四分之一环的剖面部分，它起始于颈部的里面，并延伸到瓶胚体(A)的整个宽度；同时，为该瓶子设计一个模具，使瓶子在支撑凸耳下面的区域具有一个凹环，该凹环有一部分与瓶胚体的剖面尽量匹配；此外，瓶子的支撑凸耳起始于接触点(T)。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种瓶胚体剖面，其特征在于其有一个剖面是四分之一的圆环(A)，该剖面的最小宽度等于支撑凸耳的最大宽度。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种瓶胚体剖面，其特征在于所述的四分之一圆环的剖面具有一个与颈部内剖面相连的内剖面。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种瓶胚体剖面，其特征在于所述的四分之一圆环的剖面具有一个与颈部内剖面相切地连接的内剖面。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种瓶胚体剖面，其特征在于所述的四分之一圆环的剖面具有一个与瓶胚体内剖面相切地连接的内剖面。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种瓶胚体剖面，其特征在于所述的四分之一圆环的剖面具有一个与靠着支撑凸耳的水平切线相连，并与瓶胚体外剖面相切地连接的外剖面。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种瓶胚体剖面，其特征在于其在支撑凸耳下的一个外直径最多比颈部内直径小0-20％。
8.如权利要求1所述的一种瓶胚体剖面，其特征在于其在支撑凸耳下的一个直径比瓶胚体位于支撑凸耳处，或是比瓶胚体位于T点切线处的外直径大十分之一毫米。
9.如权利要求1所述的一种瓶胚体剖面，其特征在于其恰在支撑凸耳下具有一个与支撑凸耳的表面平行的凹环，其中一部分凹环具有两个与环的内剖面倾度相匹配的直径，直径间隔十分之一毫米，并且所述的环是位于瓶胚体上支撑凸耳下面的区域。
10.如权利要求7所述的一种瓶胚体剖面，其特征在于所述的圆环剖面具有一个起始于切点T的半径Re，它稍大于与之相连的一个半径Rb，而半径Rb等于与之其后相连的一个半径Rd，从而得到如图1所示的剖面。
11.如权利要求1所述的一种瓶胚体剖面，其特征在于其减小了颈部的宽度，使之小于现在技术中对其的底限，并避免了颈部发生椭圆形变形。
12.如权利要求1所述的一种瓶胚体剖面，其特征在于其减小了支撑凸耳的直径，使支撑凸耳下有适于运输和瓶子封盖的位置，如图1和2中所示的尺寸Z。
13.如权利要求1所述的一种瓶胚体剖面，其特征在于其颈部的直径足够大，从而在瓶胚体中拉伸出弯曲的内壁，必要地用于在注入过程抽出中心，并临时性地保持了一个足够的瓶胚体厚度。
14.如权利要求1所述的一种瓶胚体剖面，其特征在于其应用于任意类型的支撑凸耳。
15.如权利要求1所述的一种瓶胚体剖面，其特征在于其应用于任意类型的瓶颈。
16.如权利要求1所述的一种瓶胚体剖面，其特征在于其应用于任意类型的热塑性材料。
17.如权利要求1所述的一种瓶胚体剖面，其特征在于其位于支撑凸耳处的瓶颈具有一种变化的内部厚度，及/或该剖面进一步向上延伸到瓶颈的一个更大的内表面，如图4和5所示。
18.如权利要求1所述的一种瓶胚体剖面，其特征在于在支撑凸耳处的颈部内剖面具有不同形状，如图6所示。
19.如权利要求13所述的一种瓶胚体剖面，其特征在于其具有一个加固件，该加固件仅在具有与剖面相似的肋骨时，减少了所增加的重量，如图7和8所示。
20.如权利要求1所述的一种瓶胚体剖面，其特征在于支撑凸耳的外剖面具有各种形状，如图9所示。
21.如权利要求1所述的一种瓶胚体剖面，其特征在于其在吹制步骤之后，支撑凸耳下的部位聚积了最少的材料。
22.如权利要求1所述的一种瓶胚体剖面，其特征在于吹制机械不需进行实际的修改。
23.如权利要求1所述的一种瓶胚体剖面，其特征在于其使得相同重量的瓶子能承受一个更重负载的堆垛。
24.如权利要求1所述的一种瓶胚体剖面，其特征在于其为大型结构时，设有额外的空间z1，从而更简便地应用塑料手柄。
25.如权利要求1所述的一种瓶胚体剖面，其特征在于其利用了一个更轻的盖子。
26.如权利要求1所述的一种瓶胚体剖面，其特征在于其避免了在轻型瓶胚体中常见的嵌套现象。
CN200910215357.0A 2008-12-30 2009-12-22 一种拉伸、注塑及吹制超轻型瓶子的装置 Expired - Fee Related CN101863093B (zh)

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