Background technology
In the crop growth process, easily be subject to various diseases dip-dyes, particularly fungal disease, its kind is many, causes harm serious, and for a long time, chemical control is to prevent and treat the main effective means of disease.Yet, due to single drug and Scientific Usage of Drugs not, caused many pathogens to produce resistance to the agricultural chemicals of current use in recent years.Rice sheath blight disease is one of Major Diseases of paddy rice, generally occurs in the country of the rice cultivations such as Ya Zhou, Mei Zhou, non-state.All there is distribution in each rice of China district, but occurs generally with rice district on the south the Changjiang river, and early, middle and late rice all can occur, and causes that ripening rate and thousand kernel weight significantly reduce, and even the plant lodging is withered.Area is wide owing to occuring, and popular frequency is high, and due to it, loss often surpasses rice blast, the serious field underproduction 60% left and right.All the time, the control of rice sheath blight disease is take the farm antibiotics jinggangmycin as main, but jinggangmycin was just brought into use from the seventies, the time limit is longer, and dosage progressively increases, and resistance strengthens, medication number of times and dosage have been turned over several times, and preventive effect is slow, in case outburst is difficult to control in a short time.
Thifluzamide claims again thiophene fluorine bacterium amine (thifluzamide), is the efficient systemic fungicide of thiazole carboxyl N-benzamides, has strong interior conductivity and the long lasting effect of inhaling.Thifluzamide is the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor, and due to fluorine-containing, its its competitiveness in biochemical pathway is very strong, just is difficult for recovering in case be combined with substrate or enzyme.Thifluzamide all has activity to pathomycetes such as Rhizoctonia, Puccinia, Ustilago, nuclear cavity Pseudomonas, especially the fungus-caused disease of Basidiomycetes such as banded sclerotial blight, damping off has been waited until special efficacy, is applicable to prevent and treat rice sheath blight disease.
Own azoles alcohol (hexaconazole) is azoles fungicide; the mechanism of action and characteristics are sterol methylation inhibitors; destroy and stop the thick biosynthesis of cell membrane important composition composition steroid ergosterol of pathogen; cause cell membrane not form; make germ dead, have interior suction, protection and therapeutic.Suitable crop is that fruit tree, Cereal, ornamental plants are waited until; use under recommended dose; environmentally safe; can effectively prevent and treat disease due to sac fungi, basidiomycetes and imperfect fungus, especially basidiomycetes, sac fungi and the vertical withered microbial disease of silk core such as powdery mildew, rust, banded sclerotial blight etc. be had excellent protection and eradicant action.
Being mixed of different pesticide species is the common methods of the agriculture resistance disease of control.Screening by formulation of pesticide, filter out rational formula, can effectively improve actual control efficiency, reduce dosage, reduce costs, delay the generation of disease drug resistance, is the important means of the disease comprehensive regulation.Thifluzamide and own azoles alcohol are mixed and have obvious synergistic effect, effectively the preventive effect rice sheath blight disease.
Thifluzamide and own azoles alcohol are mixed and there is no at present relevant report be used to preventing and treating rice sheath blight disease.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that solves: in prior art, dosage is large, cost is high in order to overcome, large to ecotope harm, to shortcomings such as crop safety are low, the invention provides a kind of efficient, safety, low toxicity and lasting period long, be conducive to the composition pesticide that contains thifluzamide and own azoles alcohol of comprehensive regulation rice sheath blight disease.
For addressing the above problem, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of composition pesticide that contains thifluzamide and own azoles alcohol, comprise usual auxiliaries, thifluzamide and own azoles alcohol, the ratio of weight and number of thifluzamide and own azoles alcohol is 24: 1-1: 1, and thifluzamide and the percentage by weight of own azoles alcohol weight summation in composition pesticide are 5-80%.
Preferably, the ratio of weight and number of thifluzamide and own azoles alcohol is 10: 1-1: 1, and thifluzamide and the percentage by weight of own azoles alcohol weight summation in composition pesticide are 15-60%.
Composition pesticide of the present invention can according to well known to a person skilled in the art method, be mixed with the application forms of the suitable agricultural uses such as oil-suspending agent, microemulsion, aqueous emulsion, suspending agent, wetting powder or water dispersible granules.
Composition pesticide of the present invention also contains the usual auxiliaries of pesticidal preparations, comprise one or more mixing in solvent, emulsifier, wetting agent, stabilizing agent, dispersant, thickener, defoamer, antifreezing agent, disintegrant, binding agent, filler, filler, medium etc., be known substance, various auxiliary agents commonly used in pesticidal preparations, can change to some extent according to different situations, be not particularly limited.
Composition pesticide of the present invention is used for preventing and treating the plant disease on agricultural, is particularly useful for preventing and treating rice sheath blight disease.
Early stage or the use of disease initial stage of origination should occur in disease in composition pesticide of the present invention when using.
Composition pesticide of the present invention adopts the method for spraying to use usually, also can adopt as required upper other operation techniques used of agricultural.
Composition pesticide provided by the invention has following beneficial effect:
1, composition pesticide provided by the invention, show obvious synergistic effect in certain ratio range, the control efficiency of composition is significantly improved than single dose, has reduced the using dosage of agricultural chemicals, reduce drug cost, reduced the adverse effect of agricultural chemicals to ecotope;
2, the combination of two kinds of bactericide of the present invention, enlarged fungicidal spectrum;
3, two of composition pesticide provided by the invention kinds of effective ingredient mechanism of action are different, can overcome the long-term single shortcoming that makes with medicament easily produce resistance, extend the service life of medicament, to the comprehensive regulation important in inhibiting of resisting rice sheath blight.
Embodiment
In order to understand better essence of the present invention, be described further by following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiment.In these embodiments, unless otherwise indicated, all percentages all are weight percentage.
Embodiment 1 (the 25% own azoles alcohol of thifluzamide oil-suspending agent)
Following material all is weight percentage: thifluzamide 24%, own azoles alcohol 1%, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether 5%, agriculture breast 602#4%, sodium lignin sulfonate 10%, styrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether 3%, methylcellulose 3%, epoxidized soybean oil 1%, glycerine 0.5%, xanthan gum 2%, surplus are castor oil.With above-mentioned formula add successively in proportion grind grind in still after, namely make the 25% own azoles alcohol of thifluzamide oil-suspending agent after dropping into the mixer for well-distribution mixing.
Embodiment 2 (20% thifluzamide hexaconazole suspending agent)
Following material all is weight percentage: thifluzamide 18%, own azoles alcohol 2%, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether 4%, calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate 5%, triphenyl vinyl phenol polyoxyethylene poly-oxygen propylene aether 3%, epoxidized soybean oil 1%, sorbierite 0.5%, surplus are castor oil.Above-mentioned formula is pulverized in proportion in advance, then added in sand mill and grind, allotment making 20% thifluzamide hexaconazole suspending agent after high shear mixing.
Embodiment 3 (15% thifluzamide hexaconazole aqueous emulsion)
Following material all is weight percentage: thifluzamide 12%, and own azoles alcohol 3%, 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE 5%, agriculture breast 500#4%, calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate 5%, sodium chloride 1%, glycerine 0.5%, Magnesiumaluminumsilicate 1%, gum Arabic 2%, surplus is deionized water.Above-mentioned formula Central Plains medicine, solvent, emulsifiers dissolve are become even oil phase; In filling a prescription, the mixing of water-soluble component and deionized water makes water; Under high-speed stirred, oil phase and water mixing are made 15% thifluzamide hexaconazole aqueous emulsion.
Embodiment 4 (the 36% own azoles alcohol of thifluzamide wetting powder)
Following material all is weight percentage: thifluzamide 24%, and own azoles alcohol 12%, sodium lignin sulfonate 8%, sodium metnylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate 12%, white carbon 5%, surplus is kaolin.With above-mentioned each component in proportion after coarse crushing, enter in blender and mix, more namely make the 36% own azoles alcohol of thifluzamide wetting powder after air-flow crushing.
Embodiment 5 (40% thifluzamide diniconazole water dispersible granule)
Following material all is weight percentage: thifluzamide 20%, and own azoles alcohol 20%, sodium lignin sulfonate 7%, naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate 5%, sodium chloride 2%, wettable starch 1%, polyvinyl alcohol 4%, white carbon 4%, surplus is kaolin.Dry pulverization process, extruder grain, drying, screening make 40% thifluzamide diniconazole water dispersible granule in proportion with above-mentioned formula.
Embodiment 6 (12% thifluzamide hexaconazole microemulsion)
Following material all is weight percentage: thifluzamide 10%, and own azoles alcohol 2%, ethylene glycol 10%, agriculture breast 500#5%, agriculture breast 1601#5%, surplus is deionized water.Above-mentioned former medicine, solvent, emulsifier are mixed in proportion, make it be dissolved as even oil phase; Water-soluble component mixes with deionized water and makes water; Under agitation that oil phase is mixed with water, namely make 12% thifluzamide hexaconazole microemulsion.
Embodiment 7 (the 5% own azoles alcohol of thifluzamide oil-suspending agent)
Following material all is weight percentage: thifluzamide 4%, own azoles alcohol 1%, polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl propyl group APEO 8%, agriculture breast 1602#5%, sodium lignin sulfonate 10%, methylcellulose 3%, epoxidized soybean oil 2%, glycerine 1.5%, xanthan gum 4%, surplus is castor oil.With above-mentioned formula add successively in proportion grind grind in still after, namely make the 5% own azoles alcohol of thifluzamide oil-suspending agent after dropping into the mixer for well-distribution mixing.
Embodiment 8 (60% thifluzamide hexaconazole suspending agent)
Following material all is weight percentage: thifluzamide 40%, own azoles alcohol 20%, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether 1%, calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate 2%, styrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether 2%, epoxidized soybean oil 1%, bentonite 2%, Magnesiumaluminumsilicate 1%, sorbierite 0.5%, surplus are castor oil.Above-mentioned formula is pulverized in proportion in advance, then added in sand mill and grind, allotment making 60% thifluzamide hexaconazole suspending agent after high shear mixing.
Embodiment 9 (80% thifluzamide diniconazole water dispersible granule)
Following material all is weight percentage: thifluzamide 70%, and own azoles alcohol 10%, sodium butylnaphthalenesulfonate 4%, lauryl sodium sulfate 5%, sodium chloride 1%, polyvinyl alcohol 2%, white carbon 2%, surplus is kaolin.Dry pulverization process, extruder grain, drying, screening make 80% thifluzamide diniconazole water dispersible granule in proportion with above-mentioned formula.
Biologicall test embodiment one: the be mixed field control effectiveness test of composition for preventing and controlling rice sheath blight disease of the own azoles alcohol of thifluzamide
Reagent agent and dispenser dosage:
(1) the 25% own azoles alcohol of thifluzamide oil-suspending agent (24% thifluzamide: 1% own azoles alcohol), mu preparation 20 grams (1#).
(2) 20% thifluzamide hexaconazole suspending agents (thifluzamide 18%: own azoles alcohol 2%), mu preparation 30 grams (2#).
(3) 15% thifluzamide hexaconazole aqueous emulsions (thifluzamide 12%: own azoles alcohol 3%), mu preparation 40 grams (3#).
(4) the 36% own azoles alcohol of thifluzamide wetting powders (thifluzamide 24%: own azoles alcohol 12%), mu preparation 15 grams (4#).
(5) 40% thifluzamide diniconazole water dispersible granules (thifluzamide 20%: own azoles alcohol 20%), mu preparation 10 grams (5#).
(6) 12% thifluzamide hexaconazole microemulsions (thifluzamide 10%: own azoles alcohol 2%), mu preparation 50 grams (6#).
Contrast medicament and dispenser dosage:
(1) 24% thifluzamide suspending agent, mu preparation 30 grams (7#).
(2) 10% hexaconazole suspending agents, mu preparation 30 grams (8#).
Spraying time and application method: the rice sheath blight disease their early stage is watered even spraying.
Result of the test: see Table 1, as can be seen from the test results: after dispenser 14 days, thifluzamide of the present invention and own azoles alcohol be mixed composition to the rice sheath blight disease preventive effect all more than 88%, significantly better than the single dose of contrast; After dispenser 21 days, thifluzamide of the present invention and own azoles alcohol be mixed composition to the rice sheath blight disease preventive effect all more than 92%, also significantly better than the single dose of contrast; In process of the test, each medicament is showed no the poisoning generation, to rice safety.Illustrate that thifluzamide of the present invention and the own azoles alcohol composition that is mixed is better than single dose, improve actual control efficiency, reduce dosage, reduce costs, reduce medicament to the adverse effect of environment, delay the generation of disease drug resistance, improvement has great significance to agricultural synthesis.
Table 1: the field control effectiveness test result of preventing and treating rice sheath blight disease
Reagent agent |
The preparation usage amount (g/acre) |
14 days preventive effects (%) after medicine |
21 days preventive effects (%) after medicine |
1# |
20 |
88.9 |
92.3 |
2# |
30 |
90.5 |
94.7 |
3# |
40 |
91.6 |
94.0 |
4# |
15 |
88.5 |
92.1 |
5# |
10 |
92.9 |
95.6 |
6# |
50 |
90.6 |
97.3 |
7# |
30 |
81.2 |
87.7 |
8# |
30 |
80.4 |
85.4 |
Biologicall test embodiment two: thifluzamide and own azoles alcohol are mixed to make up the rice sheath blight disease virulence are measured
Be mixed to the virulence of Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn for further understanding thifluzamide and own azoles alcohol, the inventor is mixed to thifluzamide and own azoles alcohol and has carried out a large amount of formulation screening tests.
First use the acetone solution 95% former medicine of thifluzamide and the 95% former medicine of own azoles alcohol, result according to preliminary experiment, two appropriate former medicines are made into different proportionings, then with the Tween 80 aqueous solution that contains surfactant 0.1%, each processing are diluted to respectively 5 series mass concentration solution for later use respectively.Thifluzamide is diluted to 32mg/L, 16mg/L, 8mg/L, 4mg/L, 2mg/L; The dilution of own azoles alcohol is 16mg/L, 8mg/L, 4mg/L, 2mg/L, 1mg/L; Thifluzamide is 16mg/L, 8mg/L, 4mg/L, 2mg/L, 1mg/L from own azoles five kinds of different proportionings of alcohol (ratio of effective ingredient is 24: 1,16: 2,12: 3,12: 6,12: 12) dilution.Each processes 24h inoculation after the spray medicine.In the rice leaf back side, each processes 8 basins with fresh banded sclerotial blight sporangia suspension spray inoculation, repeats for 3 times, and establishes and do not contain medicament but contain corresponding organic solvent and contrast is done in the processing of the 0.1% Tween 80 aqueous solution.The continuous illumination in every day after inoculation/each 12h of dark replaces, and temperature is 26-28 ℃, relative moisture 80-90%.According to the contrast incidence, the inoculation blade is carried out the classification investigation after 21d, adopts following stage division:
0 grade: anosis;
1 grade: lesion area accounts for below 5% of one-piece blade area;
3 grades: lesion area accounts for the 6%-10% of one-piece blade area;
5 grades: lesion area accounts for the 11%-25% of one-piece blade area;
7 grades: lesion area accounts for the 26-%50% of one-piece blade area;
9 grades: lesion area accounts for more than 50% of one-piece blade area.
According to survey data, calculate disease index and control efficiency that each is processed.Computing formula is:
N
i: the sick numbers of sheets at different levels; I: relative level numerical value; N: investigate total number of sheets.
Take the logarithm value of drug concentration (mg/L) as independent variable x, take the probit value of control efficiency as dependent variable y, set up respectively the virulence regression equation formula, adopt DPS software to calculate the EC of single dose and each proportioning mixture
50The co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) of (95% confidence limit) and mixture.
According to the NY/T1156.6-2006 bactericide synergy criteria for classifying: co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) 〉=120 shows as synergistic effect; Co-toxicity coefficient (CTC)≤80 shows as antagonism; 80<co-toxicity coefficient (CTC)<120 shows as summation action.
Can find out from result of the test table 2, the composition pesticide of thifluzamide and own azoles alcohol is between 24: 1~1: 1 at ratio of quality and the number of copies, and co-toxicity coefficient (CTC value) namely all shows obvious synergistic effect all greater than 120.Thifluzamide and own azoles alcohol are mixed and have reasonability and feasibility.
Table 2: thifluzamide and own azoles alcohol and the different proportionings toxicity test result to Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn
Reagent agent (active ingredient ratio of quality and the number of copies) |
Virulence regression equation y=a+bx |
Correlation coefficient |
EC
50(mg/L) (95% confidence limit)
|
Co-toxicity coefficient (CTC value) |
Thifluzamide |
y=2.7359+1.7656x |
0.9983 |
19.16 (17.97-20.42) |
- |
Own azoles alcohol |
Y=2.4855+1.7680x |
0.9993 |
26.44 (25.34-27.59) |
- |
Thifluzamide: own azoles alcohol (24: 1) |
y=2.5171+1.9009x |
0.9994 |
20.24 (19.49-21.02) |
124.29 |
Thifluzamide: own azoles alcohol (8: 1) |
y=2.6528+1.9095x |
0.9973 |
16.95 (15.54-18.49) |
128.84 |
Thifluzamide: own azoles alcohol (4: 1) |
y=2.7670+1.9168x |
0.9909 |
14.62 (13.99-15.28) |
131.35 |
Thifluzamide: own azoles alcohol (2: 1) |
y=2.8360+1.7902x |
0.9949 |
16.17 (14.32-18.26) |
140.41 |
Thifluzamide: own azoles alcohol (1: 1) |
y=2.7248+1.7886x |
0.9971 |
18.71 (17.14-20.43) |
136.52 |