Background technology
In the crop growth process, be subjected to various diseases dip-dyes, particularly fungal disease easily, its kind is many, and it is serious to cause harm, and for a long time, chemical control is to prevent and treat the main effective means of disease.Yet, in recent years because single drug and the medication of non-science have caused many pathogens that the agricultural chemicals of current use has been produced resistance.Rice sheath blight disease is one of main disease of paddy rice, generally takes place in the country of rice cultivations such as Ya Zhou, Mei Zhou, non-state.All there is distribution in each rice district of China, but takes place generally with rice district on the south the Changjiang river, and early, middle and late rice all can be taken place, and causes that ripening rate and thousand kernel weight significantly reduce, even the plant lodging is withered.Because it is wide that area takes place, popular frequency height, loss often surpasses rice blast, the serious field piece underproduction about 60% due to it.All the time, the control of rice sheath blight disease is based on the farm antibiotics jinggangmycin, but jinggangmycin was just brought into use from the seventies, the time limit is longer, and dosage progressively increases, and resistance strengthens, medication number of times and dosage have been turned over several times, and preventive effect is slow, in case outburst is difficult to control in a short time.
Thifluzamide claims thiophene fluorine bacterium amine (thifluzamide) again, is the efficient systemic fungicide of thiazole carboxyl N-benzamides, has strong interior conductivity and the long lasting effect of inhaling.Thifluzamide is the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor, because fluorine-containing, its its competitiveness in biochemical pathway is very strong, in case combine with regard to difficult recovery with substrate or enzyme.Thifluzamide all has activity to pathomycetes such as Rhizoctonia, Puccinia, Ustilago, nuclear cavity Pseudomonas, especially the fungus-caused disease of Basidiomycetes such as banded sclerotial blight, damping off has been waited until special efficacy, is applicable to and prevents and treats rice sheath blight disease.
Own azoles alcohol (hexaconazole) is azoles fungicide; the mechanism of action and characteristics are sterol methylation inhibitors; destroy and stop the thick biosynthesis of cell membrane important composition composition steroid ergosterol of pathogen; cause cell membrane not form; make germ death, have interior suction, protection and therapeutic.Suitable crop is that fruit tree, cereal class, ornamental plants are waited until; under recommended dose, use; environmentally safe; can effectively prevent and treat disease due to sac fungi, basidiomycetes and the imperfect fungus, especially basidiomycetes, sac fungi and the upright withered microbial disease of silk nuclear such as powdery mildew, rust, banded sclerotial blight etc. be had excellent protection and eradicant action.
Being mixed of different pesticide species is the common methods of the agriculture resistance disease of control.By the formulation of pesticide screening, filter out rational prescription, can effectively improve actual control efficiency, reduce dosage, reduce cost, delay the generation of disease drug resistance, be the important means of the disease comprehensive regulation.Thifluzamide and own azoles alcohol are mixed and have obvious synergistic effect, effectively the preventive effect rice sheath blight disease.
Thifluzamide and own azoles alcohol are mixed and are used to prevent and treat rice sheath blight disease and still do not have relevant report at present.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that is solved: dosage is big in the prior art, cost is high in order to overcome, big to ecotope harm, to shortcomings such as crop safety are low, it is long to the invention provides a kind of efficient, safety, low toxicity and lasting period, helps the composition pesticide that contains thifluzamide and own azoles alcohol of comprehensive regulation rice sheath blight disease.
For addressing the above problem, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of composition pesticide that contains thifluzamide and own azoles alcohol, comprise usual auxiliaries, thifluzamide and own azoles alcohol, the ratio of weight and number of thifluzamide and own azoles alcohol is 24: 1-1: 1, and thifluzamide and the percentage by weight of own azoles alcohol weight summation in composition pesticide are 5-80%.
Preferably, the ratio of weight and number of thifluzamide and own azoles alcohol is 10: 1-1: 1, and thifluzamide and the percentage by weight of own azoles alcohol weight summation in composition pesticide are 15-60%.
Composition pesticide of the present invention can be mixed with the application forms that suitable agricultural such as oil-suspending agent, microemulsion, aqueous emulsion, suspending agent, wetting powder or water dispersible granules is used according to well known to a person skilled in the art method.
Composition pesticide of the present invention also contains the usual auxiliaries of pesticidal preparations, comprise one or more mixing in solvent, emulsifier, wetting agent, stabilizing agent, dispersant, thickener, defoamer, antifreezing agent, disintegrant, binding agent, filler, filler, the medium etc., be known substance, be various auxiliary agents commonly used in the pesticidal preparations, can change to some extent according to different situations, be not particularly limited.
Composition pesticide of the present invention is used to prevent and treat the plant disease on the agricultural, is particularly useful for preventing and treating rice sheath blight disease.
Early stage or the use of disease initial stage of origination should take place in disease in composition pesticide of the present invention when using.
Composition pesticide of the present invention adopts the method for spraying to use usually, also can adopt agricultural to go up other operation techniques of using as required.
Composition pesticide provided by the invention has following beneficial effect:
1, composition pesticide provided by the invention, show obvious synergistic effect in certain ratio range, the control efficiency of composition is significantly improved than single agent, has reduced the using dosage of agricultural chemicals, reduced drug cost, reduced the adverse effect of agricultural chemicals ecotope;
2, the combination of two kinds of bactericide of the present invention has enlarged fungicidal spectrum;
3, two of composition pesticide provided by the invention kinds of effective ingredient mechanism of action have nothing in common with each other, and can overcome the long-term single shortcoming that makes with medicament be easy to generate resistance, prolong the service life of medicament, and the comprehensive regulation of resisting rice sheath blight is had significance.
Embodiment
In order to understand essence of the present invention better, be described further by following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiment.In these embodiments, unless otherwise indicated, all percentages all are weight percentage.
Embodiment 1 (the own azoles alcohol of 25% thifluzamide oil-suspending agent)
Following material all is weight percentage: thifluzamide 24%, own azoles alcohol 1%, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether 5%, agricultural newborn 602#4%, sodium lignin sulfonate 10%, styryl phenol APEO 3%, methylcellulose 3%, epoxidized soybean oil 1%, glycerine 0.5%, xanthan gum 2%, surplus are castor oil.With above-mentioned prescription add to grind successively in proportion grind in the still after, promptly make the own azoles alcohol of 25% thifluzamide oil-suspending agent after dropping into homogeneous blender mixing.
Embodiment 2 (20% thifluzamide hexaconazole suspending agent)
Following material all is weight percentage: thifluzamide 18%, own azoles alcohol 2%, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether 4%, calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate 5%, triphenyl vinyl phenol polyoxyethylene poly-oxygen propylene aether 3%, epoxidized soybean oil 1%, sorbierite 0.5%, surplus are castor oil.Above-mentioned prescription is pulverized in proportion in advance, added in the sand mill and grind, allotment makes 20% thifluzamide hexaconazole suspending agent after high shear mixing.
Embodiment 3 (15% thifluzamide hexaconazole aqueous emulsion)
Following material all is weight percentage: thifluzamide 12%, and own azoles alcohol 3%, N-Methyl pyrrolidone 5%, agricultural newborn 500#4%, calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate 5%, sodium chloride 1%, glycerine 0.5%, Magnesiumaluminumsilicate 1%, gum Arabic 2%, surplus is a deionized water.Above-mentioned prescription Central Plains medicine, solvent, emulsifiers dissolve are become even oil phase; The mixed water that gets of water-soluble component and deionized water in will filling a prescription; Under high-speed stirred, with oil phase and the mixed 15% thifluzamide hexaconazole aqueous emulsion that gets of water.
Embodiment 4 (the own azoles alcohol of 36% thifluzamide wetting powder)
Following material all is weight percentage: thifluzamide 24%, and own azoles alcohol 12%, sodium lignin sulfonate 8%, sodium metnylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate 12%, white carbon 5%, surplus is a kaolin.With above-mentioned each component in proportion after the coarse crushing, enter in the blender and mix, behind comminution by gas stream, promptly make the own azoles alcohol of 36% thifluzamide wetting powder again.
Embodiment 5 (40% thifluzamide diniconazole water dispersible granule)
Following material all is weight percentage: thifluzamide 20%, and own azoles alcohol 20%, sodium lignin sulfonate 7%, naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate 5%, sodium chloride 2%, wettable starch 1%, polyvinyl alcohol 4%, white carbon 4%, surplus is a kaolin.Dry pulverization process, extruder grain, drying, screening make 40% thifluzamide diniconazole water dispersible granule in proportion with above-mentioned prescription.
Embodiment 6 (12% thifluzamide hexaconazole microemulsion)
Following material all is weight percentage: thifluzamide 10%, and own azoles alcohol 2%, ethylene glycol 10%, agricultural newborn 500#5%, agricultural newborn 1601#5%, surplus is a deionized water.Above-mentioned former medicine, solvent, emulsifier are mixed in proportion, make it be dissolved as even oil phase; The mixed water that gets of water-soluble component and deionized water; Under agitation that oil phase is mixed with water, promptly make 12% thifluzamide hexaconazole microemulsion.
Embodiment 7 (the own azoles alcohol of 5% thifluzamide oil-suspending agent)
Following material all is weight percentage: thifluzamide 4%, own azoles alcohol 1%, polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl propyl group APEO 8%, agricultural newborn 1602#5%, sodium lignin sulfonate 10%, methylcellulose 3%, epoxidized soybean oil 2%, glycerine 1.5%, xanthan gum 4%, surplus is a castor oil.With above-mentioned prescription add to grind successively in proportion grind in the still after, promptly make the own azoles alcohol of 5% thifluzamide oil-suspending agent after dropping into homogeneous blender mixing.
Embodiment 8 (60% thifluzamide hexaconazole suspending agent)
Following material all is weight percentage: thifluzamide 40%, own azoles alcohol 20%, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether 1%, calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate 2%, styryl phenol APEO 2%, epoxidized soybean oil 1%, bentonite 2%, Magnesiumaluminumsilicate 1%, sorbierite 0.5%, surplus are castor oil.Above-mentioned prescription is pulverized in proportion in advance, added in the sand mill and grind, allotment makes 60% thifluzamide hexaconazole suspending agent after high shear mixing.
Embodiment 9 (80% thifluzamide diniconazole water dispersible granule)
Following material all is weight percentage: thifluzamide 70%, and own azoles alcohol 10%, sodium butylnaphthalenesulfonate 4%, lauryl sodium sulfate 5%, sodium chloride 1%, polyvinyl alcohol 2%, white carbon 2%, surplus is a kaolin.Dry pulverization process, extruder grain, drying, screening make 80% thifluzamide diniconazole water dispersible granule in proportion with above-mentioned prescription.
Biologicall test embodiment one: the be mixed field control effectiveness test of composition for preventing and controlling rice sheath blight disease of the own azoles alcohol of thifluzamide
Reagent agent and dispenser dosage:
(24% thifluzamide: 1% own azoles alcohol), mu restrains (1#) with preparation 20 to the own azoles alcohol of (1) 25% thifluzamide oil-suspending agent.
(thifluzamide 18%: own azoles alcohol 2%), mu restrains (2#) with preparation 30 to (2) 20% thifluzamide hexaconazole suspending agents.
(thifluzamide 12%: own azoles alcohol 3%), mu restrains (3#) with preparation 40 to (3) 15% thifluzamide hexaconazole aqueous emulsions.
(thifluzamide 24%: own azoles alcohol 12%), mu restrains (4#) with preparation 15 to the own azoles alcohol of (4) 36% thifluzamides wetting powder.
(thifluzamide 20%: own azoles alcohol 20%), mu restrains (5#) with preparation 10 to (5) 40% thifluzamide diniconazole water dispersible granules.
(thifluzamide 10%: own azoles alcohol 2%), mu restrains (6#) with preparation 50 to (6) 12% thifluzamide hexaconazole microemulsions.
Contrast medicament and dispenser dosage:
(1) 24% thifluzamide suspending agent, mu restrains (7#) with preparation 30.
(2) 10% hexaconazole suspending agents, mu restrains (8#) with preparation 30.
Spraying time and application method: the rice sheath blight disease their early stage, convert the water even spraying.
Result of the test: see Table 1, as can be seen from the test results: after the dispenser 14 days, thifluzamide of the present invention and own azoles alcohol be mixed composition to the rice sheath blight disease preventive effect all more than 88%, significantly better than single agent of contrast; After the dispenser 21 days, thifluzamide of the present invention and own azoles alcohol be mixed composition to the rice sheath blight disease preventive effect all more than 92%, also significantly better than single agent of contrast; Each medicament there is no the poisoning generation in the process of the test, to rice safety.Illustrate that thifluzamide of the present invention and the own azoles alcohol composition that is mixed is better than single agent, improve actual control efficiency, reduce dosage, reduce cost, reduce the adverse effect of medicament to environment, delay the generation of disease drug resistance, improvement has great significance to agricultural synthesis.
Table 1: the field control effectiveness test result who prevents and treats rice sheath blight disease
Reagent agent |
Preparation usage amount (gram/mu) |
14 days preventive effects (%) behind the medicine |
21 days preventive effects (%) behind the medicine |
??1# |
??20 |
??88.9 |
??92.3 |
??2# |
??30 |
??90.5 |
??94.7 |
??3# |
??40 |
??91.6 |
??94.0 |
??4# |
??15 |
??88.5 |
??92.1 |
??5# |
??10 |
??92.9 |
??95.6 |
??6# |
??50 |
??90.6 |
??97.3 |
??7# |
??30 |
??81.2 |
??87.7 |
??8# |
??30 |
??80.4 |
??85.4 |
Biologicall test embodiment two: thifluzamide and own azoles alcohol are mixed combination to rice sheath blight disease germ toxicity test
Be mixed to the virulence of Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn for further understanding thifluzamide and own azoles alcohol, the inventor is mixed to thifluzamide and own azoles alcohol and has carried out a large amount of formulation screening tests.
Earlier with former medicine of acetone solution 95% thifluzamide and the former medicine of 95% own azoles alcohol, result according to preliminary experiment, two an amount of former medicines are made into different proportionings, with the Tween 80 aqueous solution that contains surfactant 0.1% each are handled being diluted to 5 series mass concentration solution for later use respectively more respectively.Thifluzamide is diluted to 32mg/L, 16mg/L, 8mg/L, 4mg/L, 2mg/L; The dilution of own azoles alcohol is 16mg/L, 8mg/L, 4mg/L, 2mg/L, 1mg/L; Thifluzamide is 16mg/L, 8mg/L, 4mg/L, 2mg/L, 1mg/L with own azoles five kinds of different proportionings of alcohol (ratio of effective ingredient is 24: 1,16: 2,12: 3,12: 6,12: 12) dilution.Each handles 24h inoculation behind the spray medicine.In the rice leaf back side, each handles 8 basins with fresh banded sclerotial blight sporangia suspension spray inoculation, repeats for 3 times, and establishes and do not contain medicament but contain corresponding organic solvent and contrast is done in the processing of the 0.1% Tween 80 aqueous solution.Inoculation back continuous illumination in every day/each 12h of dark replaces, and temperature is 26-28 ℃, relative moisture 80-90%.According to the contrast incidence, the inoculation blade is carried out the classification investigation behind the 21d, adopts following stage division:
0 grade: anosis;
1 grade: lesion area accounts for below 5% of one-piece blade area;
3 grades: lesion area accounts for the 6%-10% of one-piece blade area;
5 grades: lesion area accounts for the 11%-25% of one-piece blade area;
7 grades: lesion area accounts for the 26-%50% of one-piece blade area;
9 grades: lesion area accounts for more than 50% of one-piece blade area.
According to survey data, calculate disease index and control efficiency that each is handled.Computing formula is:
N
i: the sick numbers of sheets at different levels; I: relative level numerical value; N: investigate total number of sheets.
Logarithm value with drug concentration (mg/L) is independent variable x, is dependent variable y with the probit value of control efficiency, sets up the virulence regression equation formula respectively, adopts DPS software to calculate the EC of single agent and each proportioning mixture
50The co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) of (95% confidence limit) and mixture.
According to the NY/T1156.6-2006 bactericide synergy criteria for classifying: co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) 〉=120 shows as synergistic effect; Co-toxicity coefficient (CTC)≤80 shows as antagonism; 80<co-toxicity coefficient (CTC)<120 shows as summation action.
From result of the test table 2 as can be seen, the composition pesticide of thifluzamide and own azoles alcohol is between 24: 1~1: 1 at ratio of quality and the number of copies, and co-toxicity coefficient (CTC value) promptly all shows obvious synergistic effect all greater than 120.Thifluzamide and own azoles alcohol are mixed and have reasonability and feasibility.
Table 2: thifluzamide and own azoles alcohol and different proportionings are to the toxicity test result of Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn
Reagent agent (active ingredient ratio of quality and the number of copies) |
Virulence regression equation y=a+bx |
Correlation coefficient |
??EC
50(mg/L) (95% confidence limit)
|
Co-toxicity coefficient (CTC value) |
Thifluzamide |
??y=2.7359+1.7656x |
??0.9983 |
??19.16??(17.97-20.42) |
??- |
Own azoles alcohol |
??Y=2.4855+1.7680x |
??0.9993 |
??26.44??(25.34-27.59) |
??- |
Thifluzamide: own azoles alcohol (24: 1) |
??y=2.5171+1.9009x |
??0.9994 |
??20.24??(19.49-21.02) |
??124.29 |
Thifluzamide: own azoles alcohol (8: 1) |
??y=2.6528+1.9095x |
??0.9973 |
??16.95??(15.54-18.49) |
??128.84 |
Thifluzamide: own azoles alcohol (4: 1) |
??y=2.7670+1.9168x |
??0.9909 |
??14.62??(13.99-15.28) |
??131.35 |
Thifluzamide: own azoles alcohol (2: 1) |
??y=2.8360+1.7902x |
??0.9949 |
??16.17??(14.32-18.26) |
??140.41 |
Thifluzamide: own azoles alcohol (1: 1) |
??y=2.7248+1.7886x |
??0.9971 |
??18.71??(17.14-20.43) |
??136.52 |