CN101860228A - Power electronic transformer for high voltage distribution - Google Patents

Power electronic transformer for high voltage distribution Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101860228A
CN101860228A CN 201010172325 CN201010172325A CN101860228A CN 101860228 A CN101860228 A CN 101860228A CN 201010172325 CN201010172325 CN 201010172325 CN 201010172325 A CN201010172325 A CN 201010172325A CN 101860228 A CN101860228 A CN 101860228A
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China
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diode
switch
low pressure
power unit
terminal
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李子欣
李耀华
王平
朱海滨
胜晓松
刘育红
武林
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Institute of Electrical Engineering of CAS
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Institute of Electrical Engineering of CAS
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Priority to CN 201010172325 priority Critical patent/CN101860228A/en
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Abstract

The invention relates to a three-phase power electronic transformer for a high voltage distribution system. An input stage is provided with a cascade connection type modular convertor (1), and an isolation stage comprises a plurality of isolation type DC-DC convertors (2) of which the inputs are connected in series and outputs are connected in parallel. An output stage comprises one or more single-phase or three-phase inverters (3) connected on a common direct current bus. Three input ends of the cascade connection type modular convertor (1) are connected with a three-phase high voltage alternating-current network, and two output ends are respectively connected with an anode and a cathode of a high voltage direct current bus capacitor (4). The isolation type DC-DC convertors (2) comprises two second low voltage power units, and the input end of each isolation type DC-DC convertor (2) is connected with the anode and the cathode of a first low voltage direct current capacitor of the high voltage direct current bus capacitor (4). The output ends of the isolation type DC-DC convertors (2) are connected in parallel and are connected with the anode and the cathode of a second low voltage direct current bus capacitor (5). The anode and the cathode of the second low voltage direct current bus capacitor (5) are connected with one or more single-phase or three-phase inverters (3) of the common direct current bus of the output stage.

Description

Power electronic transformer for high voltage distribution
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric power electric transformer, particularly a kind of high voltage power distribution three-phase power electronic transformer.
Background technology
Traditional power transformer is the basic composition equipment of electric power system, and its outstanding advantage is that manufacture craft is simple, reliability is high, cheap.But traditional power transformer only can be realized single electric pressure conversion, the isolation transmission of electric energy.In addition, because the non-linear distortion that causes line voltage and electric current easily of ferromagnetic element produces harmonic pollution; And load can not to keep secondary voltage when changing constant; Do not possess continuous adjusting and Comprehensive Control ability to voltage, electric current; Can not realize interaction with other equipment of electrical network; Can not satisfy the requirement of following intelligent grid.Electric power electric transformer is the power equipment that can be used for electric power system transformation of electrical energy and transmission of a kind of novel intelligentization of occurring along with the technological progress of power electronics.
In the middle of existing electric power electric transformer topology, U.S. Pat 2006/0221653A1 and US 7050311B2 have adopted three level structures of diode clamp formula at the high pressure outlet side, and this structure has limited its application at system for distribution network of power especially high voltage distribution network greatly.U.S. Pat 2006/0028848A1 has then adopted winding Industrial Frequency Transformer more than three in the high-pressure side, increased the volume and weight of electric power electric transformer greatly.And U.S. Pat 005943229A, European patent EP 0989016A2, Chinese patent 200910025824.3,200910184407.3,02139030.4, utility model patent ZL02290343.7 have all adopted a lot of intermediate frequencies or high frequency transformer, and its high-pressure side all is to be connect by the single-phase converter star to constitute during three-phase transformer, does not bring into play the advantage of 3-phase power converter.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of existing power electronic transformer for high voltage distribution, reduce the volume and weight of device, improve energy conversion efficiency.The present invention not only can realize outside the functions such as the transformation, isolation, energy delivery of traditional distribution transformer, can also provide reactive power compensation for electrical network as required, the assurance secondary output voltage is constant, cut off high-pressure side electrical network and low-pressure side user fault, possess continuous adjusting and Comprehensive Control ability to electric current and voltage, when with the generation of electricity by new energy apparatus interconnection, can realize the user side uninterrupted power supply, realize interaction with other equipment of electrical network.
High voltage power distribution of the present invention is made up of input stage, isolation level and three parts of output stage with the three-phase power electronic transformer.Input stage is a three-phase three-wire system, and main circuit is a tandem type modularization current transformer; Three inputs of tandem type modularization current transformer directly link to each other with the three-phase alternating current electrical network, realize the AC-DC conversion.Two outputs of tandem type modularization current transformer are connected to the both positive and negative polarity of the high voltage dc bus electric capacity that is made of a plurality of first low-voltage direct bus capacitor series connection; The both positive and negative polarity of high voltage dc bus electric capacity links to each other with the input of a plurality of isolated form DC-DC converters of the input series and output parallel of isolation level, realizes the DC-DC conversion.Isolation level is made up of a plurality of isolated form DC-DC converters, and the both positive and negative polarity of one first low-voltage direct bus capacitor in the input of each isolated form DC-DC converter of isolation level and the high voltage dc bus electric capacity links to each other; The output of each isolated form DC-DC converter of isolation level all provides DC power supply with the inverter that the both positive and negative polarity of the second low-voltage direct bus capacitor is connected to the common DC bus of one or more single-phase or three-phases, realizes the DC-AC conversion.Output stage is made up of the one or more single-phase or three-phase inverter that is connected on the common DC bus.
High voltage power distribution of the present invention has following characteristics with the three-phase power electronic transformer:
1. can realize transformation, isolation, energy delivery or the like the basic function of conventional electric power distribution transformer;
2. input stage adopts the tandem type modularization current transformer of three-phase structure, as long as the first enough low pressure and low power unit of series connection can bear very high voltage.Simultaneously, the current transformer of three-phase structure can overcome the circulation problem that the outlet side parallel connection brings when constituting 3-phase power converter by the single-phase converter Y-connection.
3. only need adopt a plurality of intermediate frequencies or high frequency transformer when the present invention is used for three-phase system, rather than in three single-phase converters, all adopt intermediate frequency or high frequency transformer in the high voltage direct current side.By constitute the topology of three-phase power electronic transformer at three Monophase electric power electronic transformers, can reduce quantity, volume and the weight of intermediate frequency or high frequency transformer with respect to existing.
4. when constituting the three-phase power electronic transformer by existing Monophase electric power electronic transformer, because the instantaneous active power of single phase circuit certainly exists the fluctuation of line voltage two frequencys multiplication, generally need other additional passive filter to eliminate the voltage fluctuation of line voltage two frequencys multiplication on the AC-DC module dc bus of every phase input stage.And the present invention is owing to directly link to each other with three phase network, and the instantaneous active power of three-phase system is a constant basis when the line voltage balance, and there is not fluctuation in DC bus-bar voltage, does not therefore just need passive filter yet.This has also further reduced the volume and weight of system.
5. the present invention's isolation with electric power system that can realize loading can improve the quality of power supply and the reliability of operation of electric power system as required for grid side provides reactive power compensation or active power filtering function.
6. the present invention can regulate the supply power voltage of output stage automatically, guarantees that the user side supply power voltage does not change with load variations.When power supply grid breaks down or during maintenance of equipment, dc bus of the present invention can be connected with generating equipment such as new forms of energy, guarantees the uninterrupted power supply of user side, can greatly improve the stability and the reliability of user and power consumption equipment.
7. the present invention can realize the on-line monitoring of running status very easily, with the mutual communication of other power consumption equipment and coordinate control, for the construction of digitlization power station and intelligent grid provides more flexibilities with improving.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is high voltage power distribution of the present invention three-phase power electronic transformer overall structure figure;
Fig. 2 is the first low pressure and low power unit U among the present invention K11Circuit when the circuit structure diagram of (K=A, B or C), Fig. 2 a are two switches, two level, the circuit when Fig. 2 b is two switch three levers;
Fig. 3 is inductance module U among the present invention K2The circuit structure diagram of (K=A, B or C), the inductance module of Fig. 3 a for constituting by two discrete inductance; The inductance module of Fig. 3 b for constituting by two coupling inductances;
Fig. 4 is the second low pressure and low power unit U among the present invention 11Circuit structure diagram;
Among the figure: 1 tandem type modularization current transformer, 2 isolated form DC-DC converters, the one or more single-phase or three-phase inverter of 3 common DC buses, 4 high voltage dc bus electric capacity, 5 second low-voltage direct bus capacitors.
Embodiment
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Figure 1 shows that high voltage power distribution of the present invention three-phase power electronic transformer overall structure.The tandem type modularization current transformer 1 of its input stage is made of three identical brachium pontis of structure, and the upper end of three brachium pontis is connected same point P, and the lower end of three brachium pontis is connected same point N.First brachium pontis of K (K=A, B or C) phase brachium pontis is by low pressure and low power module U K11~U K1nCascade constitutes, i.e. U K1jTerminal 11 and U K1 (j-1)Terminal 12 link to each other and U K1jTerminal 12 and U K1 (j+1)The terminal 11 (2≤j≤n-1) that links to each other; Second brachium pontis of K (K=A, B or C) phase brachium pontis is by the first low pressure and low power module U K21~U K2nCascade constitutes, i.e. U K2jTerminal 11 and U K2 (j-1)Terminal 12 link to each other and U K2jTerminal 12 and U K2 (j+1)The terminal 11 (2≤j≤n-1) that links to each other; U K1111 terminals be connected to the P point; U K1n12 terminals be connected to inductance module U K221 terminals; U K2111 terminals be connected to inductance module U K223 terminals; U K2n12 terminals be connected to the N point; Inductance module U K222 terminals as the input terminal K of K (K=A, B or C) phase brachium pontis.The first low pressure and low power unit U K11~U K1nAnd U K21~U K2nCircuit structure identical and can mutual alternative.The tie point P of three brachium pontis upper ends links to each other with the positive pole of high voltage dc bus electric capacity 4, and the lower end tie point N of three brachium pontis links to each other with the negative pole of high voltage dc bus electric capacity 4.High voltage dc bus electric capacity 4 is composed in series by the individual first low-voltage direct electric capacity of m (m 〉=1), and the positive pole of each first dc capacitor links to each other with the input of an isolated form DC-DC converter 2 respectively with negative pole; The output of m (m 〉=1) isolated form DC-DC converter 2 links to each other with the both positive and negative polarity of the second low-voltage direct bus capacitor 5.(the individual isolated form DC-DC converter 2 of 1≤w≤m) is by two second low pressure and low power unit U for w W1, U W2, an intermediate frequency or a high frequency transformer T wWith two series resonance capacitor C W1, C W2Constitute; U W1Terminal 31 and terminal 32 by the first series resonance capacitor C W1With intermediate frequency transformer T wFormer limit be connected in series; U W2Terminal 31 and terminal 32 by the second series resonance capacitor C W2With intermediate frequency transformer T wSecondary be connected in series; U W1Terminal 33 and terminal 34 as the input terminal of isolated form DC-DC converter 2; U W2Terminal 33 and 34 lead-out terminals as isolated form DC-DC converter 2.Another type of attachment of isolated form DC-DC converter 2 is a cancellation series resonance capacitor C W1And C W2, with U W1Terminal 31 and 32 and intermediate frequency transformer T wFormer limit directly link together; U W2Terminal 31 and 32 and intermediate frequency transformer T wSecondary directly link together.The lead-out terminal of all isolated form DC-DC converters 2 is connected in parallel and links together with the both positive and negative polarity of the second low-voltage direct bus capacitor 5, for the one or more single-phase or three-phase inverter 3 of common DC bus provides DC power supply.The one or more single-phase or three-phase inverter 3 of common DC bus is the single-phase or three-phase alternating current of low pressure is used the three-phase power electronic transformer as high voltage power distribution output with the low-voltage DC inversion.
Fig. 2 is the first low pressure and low power unit U among the present invention K11The particular circuit configurations of (K=A, B or C) has provided two kinds of concrete execution modes here.Wherein, Fig. 2 a is depicted as two switches, two level circuits.Shown in Fig. 2 a, the first low pressure and low power unit U K11By the 11 switch T 11, twelvemo closes T 12, the 11 diode D 11With the 12 D 12Form; The 11 switch T 11With the 11 diode D 11Inverse parallel, twelvemo is closed T 12With the 12 diode D 12Inverse parallel, the 11 switch T 11Close T with twelvemo 12Series connection, the 11 switch T 11Lower end and twelvemo close T 12The common tie point in upper end as the first low pressure and low power unit U K11Terminal 11, the 11 switch T 11The upper end and first capacitor C 1Positive pole link to each other, twelvemo is closed T 12The lower end and first capacitor C 1Negative pole link to each other first capacitor C 1Negative pole as the first low pressure and low power unit U K11Terminal 12.By control switch T 11And T 12, can make the first low pressure and low power unit produce two level output voltages.The first low pressure and low power unit U K12~U K1nAnd U K21~U K2nThe structure of (K=A, B or C) and the first low pressure and low power unit U K11Identical.
Fig. 2 b is depicted as the first low pressure and low power unit U K11The concrete structure of (K=A, B or C) two switch three lever circuit.Shown in Fig. 2 b, the first low pressure and low power unit U K11By the 13 switch T 13, the 14 switch T 14, the 13 diode D 13, the 14 diode D 14, the 15 diode D 15, the 16 diode D 16Constitute; The 13 switch T 13Collector electrode and the 13 diode D 13Negative pole link to each other the 13 switch T 13Emitter and the 13 diode D 13Positive pole link to each other; The 14 switch T 14Collector electrode and the 14 diode D 14Negative pole link to each other the 14 switch T 14Emitter and the 14 diode D 14Positive pole link to each other; The 13 diode D 13With the 15 diode D 15The forward series connection, both common tie points link to each other along the points of common connection terminal that connects non-two inductance of series coupled inductance with two; The 14 diode D 14With the 16 diode D 16The forward series connection, both common tie points link to each other along the points of common connection terminal that connects another non-two inductance of series coupled inductance with two; The 13 diode D 13The negative pole and first capacitor C 1Positive pole link to each other the 15 diode D 15The positive pole and first capacitor C 1Negative pole link to each other; The 16 diode D 16The negative pole and first capacitor C 1Positive pole link to each other the 14 diode D 14The positive pole and first capacitor C 1Negative pole link to each other; The points of common connection of two coupling inductances is as terminal 11, the first capacitor C of the first low pressure and low power unit 1Negative pole as the terminal 12 of the first low pressure and low power unit.By control switch T 13And T 14, can make the first low pressure and low power unit produce three level output voltages.Here, the first low pressure and low power unit U K12~U K1nAnd U K21~U K2nThe structure of (K=A, B or C) and the first low pressure and low power unit U K11Also all identical.
Fig. 3 is inductance module U of the present invention K2The physical circuit figure of (K=A, B or C).Here two kinds of concrete execution modes have been provided.Wherein, Fig. 3 a is directly connected by two discrete inductance and constitutes inductance module U K2The common tie point of two inductance is as inductance module U K2Terminal 22, the terminal 22 here is also as the input terminal K of K brachium pontis; Two remaining two terminals of inductance are as inductance module U K2Terminal 21 and 23, and terminal 21 and 23 can transposition.
Inductance module U of the present invention shown in Fig. 3 b K2(K=A, B or C) is made of along connecing series connection two inductance that intercouple, and promptly the end of the same name of first inductance connects the non-same polarity of another one inductance; The points of common connection of two coupling inductances is as inductance module U K2Terminal 22, the terminal 22 here is also as the input terminal K of K brachium pontis; Two remaining two terminals of coupling inductance are as inductance module U K2Terminal 21 and 23, and terminal 21 and 23 can transposition.
Fig. 4 is the second low pressure and low power unit U among the present invention 11The physical circuit schematic diagram, this circuit is by the 31 switch T 31, the three or two switch T 32, the three or three switch T 33, the three or four switch T 34, the 31 diode D 31, the three or two diode D 32, the three or three diode D 33, the three or four diode D 34Constitute.Wherein, the 31 switch T 31With the 31 diode D 31Inverse parallel, the three or two switch T 32With the three or two diode D 32Inverse parallel, the three or three switch T 33With the three or three diode D 33Inverse parallel, the three or four switch T 34With the three or four diode D 34Inverse parallel; The 31 diode D 31Positive pole and the three or two diode D 32Negative pole link to each other as the second low pressure and low power unit U 11Terminal 31; The three or three diode D 33Positive pole and the three or four diode D 34Negative pole link to each other as the second low pressure and low power unit U 11Terminal 32; The 31 diode D 31Negative pole and the three or three diode D 33Negative pole link to each other as the second low pressure and low power unit U 11Terminal 33; The three or two diode D 32Positive pole and the three or four diode D 34Positive pole link to each other as the second low pressure and low power unit U 11Terminal 34.The second low pressure and low power unit U 12~U M2And U 21~U M1The structure and the second low pressure and low power unit U 11Identical.
The above, it is electronic power switch device of the present invention a kind of preferable embodiment when adopting IGBT, adopt other full-controlled switch device as for the electronic power switch device, situation during as MOSFET, IGCT, GTO etc. only need replace to the IGBT in the above-mentioned embodiment corresponding switching device and get final product.

Claims (7)

1. high voltage power distribution three-phase power electronic transformer, it is characterized in that: described electric power electric transformer is made up of input stage, isolation level and output stage; Described input stage is a tandem type modularization current transformer (1), three inputs of tandem type modularization current transformer (1) link to each other with the three-phase high-voltage AC network, and two outputs of tandem type modularization current transformer (1) link to each other respectively with the both positive and negative polarity of high voltage dc bus electric capacity (4); High voltage dc bus electric capacity (4) is in series by m the first low-voltage direct electric capacity; Isolation level is made up of m isolated form DC-DC converter (2), m 〉=1, and m isolated form DC-DC converter (2) is made of two second low pressure and low power unit, its input series connection output parallel connection; The both positive and negative polarity of one first low-voltage direct electric capacity in the input of each isolated form DC-DC converter (2) of isolation level and the high voltage dc bus electric capacity (4) links to each other; The output of all isolated form DC-DC converters (2) is in parallel and link to each other with the both positive and negative polarity of the second low-voltage direct bus capacitor (5); The both positive and negative polarity of the second low-voltage direct bus capacitor (5) is connected to the output stage of one or more single-phase or three-phase inverter (3) composition of common DC bus.
2. high voltage power distribution three-phase power electronic transformer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the tandem type modularization current transformer (1) of described input stage is made of three identical brachium pontis of structure, one phase of the corresponding input side electrical network of each brachium pontis, every phase brachium pontis refer to every mutually pairing each brachium pontis of importing.Each brachium pontis constitutes n 〉=1, but the identical and mutual alternative of each first low pressure and low power element circuit structure by 2n the first low pressure and low power unit and an inductance module series connection; Described inductance module is made of two discrete inductances or coupling inductance series connection, and the points of common connection of two inductance is as the output of a brachium pontis; The upper end of three brachium pontis all links to each other with the positive pole of high voltage dc bus electric capacity (4), and the lower end of three brachium pontis all links to each other with the negative pole of high voltage dc bus electric capacity (4).
3. high voltage power distribution three-phase power electronic transformer as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the described first low pressure and low power unit is by the 11 switch (T 11), twelvemo closes (T 12), the 11 diode (D 11) and the 12 diode (D 12) form; The 11 switch (T 11) and the 11 diode (D 11) inverse parallel, twelvemo is closed (T 12) and the 12 diode (D 12) inverse parallel, the 11 switch (T 11) and twelvemo pass (T 12) series connection, the 11 switch (T 11) lower end and twelvemo close (T 12) upper end common tie point as the first terminal of the first low pressure and low power unit ( 11); The 11 switch (T 11) the upper end and the first electric capacity (C 1) positive pole link to each other, twelvemo is closed (T 12) the lower end and the first electric capacity (C 1Negative pole link to each other the first electric capacity (C 1) negative pole as second terminal (12) of the first low pressure and low power unit; By controlling the 11 switch (T 11) and twelvemo pass (T 12), make the first low pressure and low power unit produce two level output voltages.
4. high voltage power distribution three-phase power electronic transformer as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the described first low pressure and low power unit is by the 13 switch (T 13), the 14 switch (T 14), the 13 diode (D 13), the 14 diode (D 14), the 15 diode (D 15) and the 16 diode (D 16) constitute; The 13 switch (T 13) collector electrode and the 13 diode (D 13) negative pole link to each other the 13 switch (T 13) emitter and the 13 diode (D 13) positive pole link to each other; The 14 switch (T 14) collector electrode and the 14 diode (D 14) negative pole link to each other the 14 switch (T 14) emitter and the 14 diode (D 14) positive pole link to each other; The 13 diode (D 13) and the 15 diode (D 15) the forward series connection, the 13 diode (D 13) and the 15 diode (D 16) common tie point link to each other along the points of common connection terminals that connect non-two inductance of series coupled inductance with two; The 14 diode (D 14) and the 16 diode (D 16) the forward series connection, the 14 diode (D 14) and the 16 diode (D 16) common tie point link to each other along the points of common connection terminals that connect another non-two inductance of series coupled inductance with two; The 13 diode (D 13) the negative pole and the first electric capacity (C 1) positive pole link to each other the 15 diode (D 15) the positive pole and the first electric capacity (C 1) negative pole link to each other; The 16 diode (D 16) the negative pole and the first electric capacity (C 1) positive pole link to each other the 14 diode (D 14) the positive pole and the first electric capacity (C 1) negative pole link to each other; The points of common connection of two coupling inductances is as the first terminal (11) of the first low pressure and low power unit, the first electric capacity (C 1) negative pole as second terminal (12) of the first low pressure and low power unit; By control switch (T 13) and (T 12), make the first low pressure and low power unit produce two level output voltages.
5. high voltage power distribution three-phase power electronic transformer as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the described second low pressure and low power unit is by the 31 switch (T 31), the three or two switch (T 32), the three or three switch (T 33), the three or four switch (T 34), the 31 diode (D 31), the three or two diode (D 32), the three or three diode (D 33), the three or four diode (D 34) constitute; The 31 switch (T 31) and the 31 diode (D 31) inverse parallel, the three or two switch (T 32) and the three or two diode (D 32) inverse parallel, the three or three switch (T 33) and the three or three diode (D 33) inverse parallel, the three or four switch (T 34) and the three or four diode (D 34) inverse parallel; The 31 diode (D 31) positive pole and the three or two diode (D 32) negative pole link to each other as the first terminal (31) of the second low pressure and low power unit; The three or three diode (D 33) positive pole and the three or four diode (D 34Negative pole link to each other as second terminal (32) of the second low pressure and low power unit; The 31 diode (D 31) negative pole and the three or three diode (D 33) negative pole link to each other as the 3rd terminal (33) of the second low pressure and low power unit; The three or two diode (D 32) positive pole and the three or four diode (D 34) positive pole link to each other as the 4th terminal (34) of the second low pressure and low power unit.
6. high voltage power distribution three-phase power electronic transformer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: isolated form DC-DC converter (2) is by the second low pressure and low power unit (U W1), the second low pressure and low power unit (U W2), intermediate frequency or high frequency transformer (T w) and the first series resonance electric capacity (C W1), the second series resonance electric capacity (C W2) constitute; The second low pressure and low power unit (U W1) the first terminal (31) and second terminal (32) by the first series resonance electric capacity (C W1) and intermediate frequency transformer (T w) former limit be connected in series; The second low pressure and low power unit (U W2) the first terminal (31) and second terminal (32) by the second series resonance electric capacity (C W2) and intermediate frequency transformer (T w) secondary be connected in series; The second low pressure and low power unit (U W1) the 3rd terminal (33) and the 4th terminal (34) as the input terminal of isolated form DC-DC converter (2); The second low pressure and low power unit (U W2) terminal (33) and (34) as the lead-out terminal of isolated form DC-DC converter (2).
7. high voltage power distribution three-phase power electronic transformer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that quantity, realize the different level number of input voltage by the first low pressure and low power unit of connecting on each brachium pontis of tandem type modularization current transformer (1) that changes input stage.
CN 201010172325 2010-05-07 2010-05-07 Power electronic transformer for high voltage distribution Pending CN101860228A (en)

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Application publication date: 20101013