Summary of the invention:
The invention provides a kind of mixed gas injecting device of combusting heavy oil, be used to improve oil recovery and low-grade oil fields such as exploitation viscous crude, heavy oil.
This device is formed by mixed gas generater, central controller and by the directly actuated light diesel fuel of central controller and heavy oil converting system, air compressor, water pump, gas analysis system and protection system.
Light diesel fuel is composed as follows with the heavy oil converting system: the heavy oil storage tank is connected centrifugal oil separator, heavy oil tank, electromagnetic valve, heavy oil strainer, heavy oil delivery pump, firing equipment, heavy oil emulsive machine and high-pressure injection pump by pipeline successively, and high-pressure injection pump directly connects mixed gas generater; The emulsification water tank connects electromagnetic valve, emulsified water strainer and one way valve successively and is connected to pipeline between heavy oil delivery pump and the firing equipment by pipeline by pipeline; The light diesel fuel case connects light diesel fuel strainer, light diesel oil transfer pump and electromagnetic valve successively by pipeline and is connected between heavy oil emulsive machine and the high-pressure injection pump by pipeline.
Mixed gas generater, comprise cylinder block, igniter, the loam cake of cylinder block upper end closed is provided with atomizer, compressed air inlet and igniter, the external high-pressure oil pump of atomizer, cylinder block is made up of the combustion chamber on top and the blending vaporizer of bottom, puts in the bottom, combustion chamber the vaporization hole for water spraying is set.Be provided with cooling water cavity in the combustion chamber between the overcoat, cooling water cavity is provided with import and export; Blending vaporizer lower end is the mixed gas injecting spout.
The water pump of central controller controls is a high-pressure hydraulic pump, and high-pressure hydraulic pump is connected with the vaporization hole for water spraying.
Combustion chamber and blending vaporizer adopt integral type or adopt bolted mode, and the combustion chamber diameter is 100-300mm, and blending vaporizer diameter is 80-200mm.
Mixed gas generater of the present invention adopts marine diesel cylinder combustion principle and uses for reference its frame mode, and the cancellation piston becomes the continuous burning mode, produces mist continuously and injects oil well.
Mixed gas injecting device adopts high-pressure injection pump, makes fuel-supplying pressure exceed 2-10 doubly than air supply pressure, and change when big still can the good and fully burning of spray pattern so that fuel is pressed at well, is optimal parameter with the gas of guaranteeing to inject the down-hole.
This device can combusting heavy oil, residual oil, crude oil, oil shale oil, coal tar or other low-quality astatki, and the part cooling water mixes with high-temperature gas after the burning and vaporize injection oil well after the gas analysis system detection.
Mixed gas injecting device is adjusted air compressor, high-pressure injection pump, centrifugal oil separator, heavy oil emulsive machine, firing equipment, electromagnetic valve according to the analysis result of gas analysis system by central controller.The gas of guaranteeing this device operate as normal and injection down-hole is optimal parameter.
The centrifugal oil separator of central controller controls can be separated water and impurity in various low reduced fuel oils, the crude oil, guarantees that fuel oil reaches the requirement of trouble-free burning.
The heavy oil emulsive machine of central controller controls can mix various low reduced fuel oils, crude oil and cuts into emulsified fuel oil with a certain amount of water.Fuel oil is behind Over emulsfication, and the physical action of emulsified fuel oil combustion process promptly so-called " microexplosion " acts on.The water-in-oil type molecular radical, oil is continuous phase, water is decentralized photo, because the boiling point of oil is than water height, the back water that is heated always reaches boiling point earlier and evaporates or seethe with excitement, and when the pressure in the oil droplet during above oil surface tension and environment stress sum, the resistance that steam will break through oil film is blasted oil droplet, form more tiny oil droplet, said microexplosion that Here it is or title secondary-atomizing.Tiny oil droplet after the blast more fully mixes with air, and the result is make the emulsion fuel oil firing more complete, makes this mixed gas injecting device reach more energy-conservation effect.Effect is a water gas reaction.Under hot conditions, part hydrone and imperfect combustion red-hot carbon granule generation water gas reaction form imflammable gas, have reduced the carbon granule in the flame, have improved oily burning degree, have improved combustion position, have improved oily efficiency of combustion.Under anoxia condition, the carbon particle that produces owing to Pintsch process in the fuel, can generate CO and H2 with the steam reaction, carbon particle can fully be burnt, improved combustion rate, reduced the smoke content in the smoke evacuation, on the other hand, because the evaporation of emulsified water, the thermal field during balanced burning, thus suppressed the formation of NOx.By above-mentioned microexplosion and water gas reaction, oil emulsion fuel can obtain the double effects of pollution abatement and energy conservation.
By the emulsification of fuel oil and water, can also reduce the viscosity of fuel oil, help spray burning, under the prerequisite that guarantees trouble-free burning, further reduce fuel cost.
The light diesel fuel of central controller controls and heavy oil converting system have heating, filtration and blending equipment, can can pump out and can be suitable for well the atomize state of oil spout of atomizer by high pressure fuel injector heating, filter, adjust to than the heavy oil or the crude oil of thickness, make this device can adapt to multiple heavy oil and direct burn crude, reduce its running cost.
The employed atomizer of mixed gas injecting device is the atomizer of marine diesel, its price of standard fitting as diesel engine is low, reliability is high, atomizer is installed in the central part of mixed gas generater end cap, and the fuel oil of guaranteeing to enter the combustion chamber all is that atomizing is good.
The light diesel fuel of central controller controls and the conversion of heavy oil are used in the mixed gas injecting device cold start-up with before stopping, use light diesel fuel during cold start-up, mobile and flammable good, after each system of device reached normal operating conditions, converting system was converted to heavy oil to fuel oil; Converting system is converted to light diesel fuel to fuel oil again before mixed gas injecting device stops, with positions such as light diesel fuel flushing pump, pipe, valves, so that start easily next time.
Beneficial effect:
Mixed gas injecting device provided by the invention is compared with existing petroleum thermal recovery gas injection steam boiler, the gas that injects the down-hole is not single steam, but the mist of the nitrogen about 350 ℃, steam and carbon dioxide, its gas component ratio changes to some extent when using different fuel, and its ratio is about: nitrogen 50%-55%, steam 30%-40%, carbon dioxide 10%-15%.Because nitrogen remains gas at normal temperatures, and is very strong to the driving effect of down-hole oil reservoir; Steam can bring oil reservoir big heat energy, increases the flowability of oil; Carbon dioxide itself is the good viscosity reduction injecting that recovers the oil, under certain pressure can with the oil mixed phase of down-hole, thereby improve recovery ratio.Mixed gas injecting gas injection device provided by the invention has been compared remarkable advantages with existing petroleum thermal recovery gas injection steam boiler, can save investment 50%, can save energy about 50%, can improve oil recovery factor about 50%.Compare with the mixed gas injecting device of existing burning diesel oil, can save running cost more than 50%.
This device is mainly used in the petroleum thermal recovery gas injection, also can be used for the exploitation of viscous crude, heavy oil and oil-sand.Because this device can burning diesel oil, multiple heavy oil and direct burn crude, running cost is low, fuel source is convenient.Device has in petroleum thermal recovery well should prospect, and particularly being applied to has the place of strict demand to volume, weight.
Mixed gas injecting device volume provided by the invention is little, in light weight, cost is low, reduced investment, and is simple in structure, the reliability height, and maneuverability can skid or vehicle-mounted, is particularly suitable for volume and weight is had the place of strict restriction.
The specific embodiment describes in conjunction with Fig. 1-2.
Example 1: mixed gas generater explanation: mixed gas generater comprises cylinder block 1, atomizer 2, compressed air inlet 4, cooling water inlet 5, coolant outlet 6, igniter 3, cooling water space 9, gas inner cylinder sleeve 7, cylinder lagging 8, combustion chamber 10, blending vaporizer 12, vaporization hole for water spraying 11, mist spout 13.
This mixed gas generater atomizer outlet diameter is 0.5mm, and vaporization hole for water spraying diameter is 0.6mm.The length ratio of combustion chamber and blending vaporizer is 4: 1, and the combustion chamber diameter is 180mm, and blending vaporizer diameter is 100mm.Atomizer is the marine diesel atomizer.
Central controller 18 control centrifugal oil separators 24, heavy oil emulsive machine 30, firing equipment 29 etc. are all started working during work, and fuel oil enters from atomizer 2, starts air compressor 14, the compressed air intake 4 of compressed air.Open valve 34, valve-off 26, igniter 3 ignition operation make device burning light diesel fuel.When device and each system thereof all after the operate as normal, valve 26 is opened in central controller 18 controls, valve-off 34, device combusting heavy oil or crude oil.Fuel adopts high-pressure injection pump, makes fuel-supplying pressure exceed 2-10 times, so that still can spray pattern well and by igniter 3 be lighted back abundant burning in combustion chamber 10 when well presses variation big than air supply pressure; With the gas of guaranteeing to inject the down-hole is optimal parameter.Fuel is fully burning in combustion chamber 10, and its burning produces nitrogen, carbon dioxide gas mixture.Cooling water flows back to storage tank through 5 cooling spaces between the overcoat in the cylinder of flowing through that enter the mouth from coolant outlet 6.Central controller 18 control high-pressure hydraulic pumps 15, enter vaporization blending chamber 12 by vaporization hole for water spraying 11, after water and high-temperature gas mixture body meet, give the cooling of high-temperature gas mixture body, the vaporization of water heat absorption simultaneously, at the mist that nitrogen, carbon dioxide and the water vapour of about 350 ℃ of the indoor formation of vaporization blending are formed, its temperature can be adjusted by the mist technological requirement, and the mist that is adjusted into the most suitable thermal recovery gas injection requirement temperature injects well head through spout 13.Gas analysis system 16 is given central controller 18 with the composition information of mist, by adjusting the component state that fuel feed and air quantity delivered guarantee mist, the water yield that enters the blending chamber by adjustment is adjusted the mist temperature of injecting well head, to guarantee that the mist that injects meets the requirement of thermal recovery gas injection technology, realize improving oil recovery.Said process is all realized by central controller FEEDBACK CONTROL igniter control system, air compressor, centrifugal oil separator, heavy oil emulsive machine, firing equipment, valve, high pressure fuel injector oil pump, crude Treatment system, gas analysis system, cooling system, blending system.If fortuitous event, protection system 17 gives and sends alarm signal altogether with fuel shutoff.
Example 2: device comprises heavy oil storage tank 23, centrifugal oil separator 24, heavy oil tank 25, heavy oil emulsive machine 30, emulsification water tank 33, firing equipment 29, heavy oil strainer 27, emulsified water strainer 35, light diesel fuel strainer 20, light diesel oil transfer pump 21, heavy oil delivery pump 28, emulsified water delivery pump 36, counterbalance valve 31, one way valve 37, high-pressure injection pump 32, by the electromagnetic valve 22,26,34 of central controller 18 controls.
When starting working, central controller 18 control electromagnetic valve doors 22 are opened, and electromagnetic valve 26,34 is closed, light diesel oil transfer pump 21 work, and for light diesel fuel, heavy oil delivery pump 28, emulsified water delivery pump 36 are not worked at this moment to mixed gas generater, centrifugal oil separator 24 work.After mixed gas generater is working properly, central controller 18 control electromagnetic valve doors 26 are opened, electromagnetic valve 22 is closed, heavy oil delivery pump 28,36 work of emulsified water delivery pump, one way valve 37 is opened, processing is supplied with the good heavy oil of emulsification by high-pressure injection pump to mixed gas generater through the heavy oil emulsive machine, and this moment, light diesel oil transfer pump 21 was not worked.When mixed gas injecting device is prepared to stop, entering in five minutes in advance stops prepares, central controller 18 control electromagnetic valve doors 22 are opened, electromagnetic valve 26,34 is closed, light diesel oil transfer pump 21 work, for light diesel fuel, clean positions such as relevant pump, pipe, valve to mixed gas generater simultaneously, ready for drive next time.Heavy oil delivery pump 28, emulsified water delivery pump 36 are not worked at this moment, and centrifugal oil separator 24 quits work, and firing equipment stops heating.