CN101825279A - Method for achieving water-injecting high-pressure combustion through pipeline of fuel nozzle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a water injection type high-pressure combustion method for an oil nozzle pipeline. Fuel oil enters a combustion chamber (10) from an oil nozzle (3), compressed air enters the combustion chamber (10) from an air distribution device (2), and flows from a water injection port (4 ) inject a certain amount of water from the oil nozzle (3) into the combustion chamber (10) through the oil nozzle pipeline, so that the working temperature in the combustion chamber (10) drops from about 2000°C to 1500-1600°C; the igniter (5 ) is also leading to the combustion chamber (10). After entering the combustion chamber (10), the fuel and air are atomized and mixed, ignited by the igniter (5), and high-temperature and high-pressure smoke is generated after complete combustion. A certain amount of water is injected into the nozzle (4) to absorb part of the heat of combustion, so that the working temperature in the combustion chamber (10) is stabilized at 1500-1600°C. The method has strong reliability, is easy to operate, and significantly prolongs the service life of the equipment.

Description

Oil nozzle pipeline water injection high pressure combustion method

technical field

The invention relates to a method for a high-pressure mixed gas generating device used in petroleum thermal exploitation, and belongs to the technical field of petroleum exploitation equipment.

Background technique

The oil extraction process can be roughly divided into primary oil recovery, secondary oil recovery and multiple oil recovery. Steam recovery is a typical multiple oil recovery process. Steam oil recovery uses the heating effect of thermal energy to reduce the viscosity of crude oil, and at the same time increase the pressure of the oil layer to a certain extent, thereby improving the oil recovery rate of the oil well.

Since the early 1980s, the practice of using steam thermal recovery technology in my country's oilfields has shown that this technology is more suitable for the low production cycle range of oil layers in formations above 800m. During the production process, the formation pressure continues to drop. After 6 to 8 cycles of production, the formation pressure of the oil well loses 70% to 90%, that is, the potential energy necessary for thermal recovery is lost, resulting in low recovery energy of the oil well, especially a large number of dense oil wells. After the oil well entered the high cycle of thermal recovery, it was forced to shut down the well because it was lower than the economic limit of thermal recovery.

There are still many deficiencies in the steam thermal recovery technology characterized by high-pressure steam boilers. For example: smoke exhaust not only causes large heat loss, but also causes environmental pollution; equipment investment and operating costs are high; especially the mobility of the whole set of equipment is extremely poor, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of dispersed oil well operations.

In view of the shortcomings of steam thermal recovery technology in the recovery of high-period thermal recovery, deep oil layers, and viscous oil reservoirs, in recent years, a new crude oil thermal recovery technology-composite media (that is, a mixture of flue gas and water vapor) has been proposed. ) thermal recovery method, also known as gas-steam thermal recovery, or simply referred to as mixed gas thermal recovery.

Compared with the above-mentioned steam boiler thermal recovery technology, the Chinese patent application number is CN00210830.5, and the name is "Heavy Oil Thermal Recovery Steam and Gas Mixed Gas Injection Device", and the Chinese patent application number is CN03278103.2, and the name is "Petroleum Thermal Recovery Mixed gas injection device", the Chinese patent application number is CN200420054883.6, and the name is called "multifunctional high-pressure high-efficiency burner" and has been improved in various aspects. However, these patented devices still have deficiencies in structural design, which brings many difficulties to practical applications. Typically: the temperature in the combustion chamber is too high (about 2000°C), and under the condition of high oil well back pressure (as is usually the case in practice), ① the high temperature center of the flame in the combustion chamber gradually moves to the fire-facing surface of the head, and the head The parts are easily burned (such as the end face of the fire, the ignition head of the igniter, the atomizer of the oil nozzle, etc.); The use effect of the lining is significantly reduced, thus greatly shortening the service life of the burner (or gas injector) (sometimes less than one gas injection working day). And so on, eventually leading to the reliability and economy of the operation of the gas injection device are seriously affected.

Contents of the invention

Technical problem: The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a water-injection high-pressure combustion method with high reliability, easy operation and long service life for the exploitation of petroleum, especially heavy oil.

Technical solution: In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the invention is:

A water-injection high-pressure combustion method for an oil nozzle pipeline, characterized in that the method is used in a water-injection high-pressure combustion device, and the water-injection high-pressure combustion device includes three parts: a head, a combustion section, and a mixing section, wherein the combustion section Located in the middle of the water-injection high-pressure burner, one end of the combustion section is connected to the head, and the other end is connected to the mixing section; the head is equipped with an air distributor, an oil nozzle, and a water injection port on the oil nozzle pipeline. The combustion section is a cylindrical structure, the middle of which is the combustion chamber, the outside of the combustion chamber is a heat insulation jacket, the outside of the heat insulation jacket is a cooling water jacket, and the cooling water jacket is equipped with a cooling water jacket inlet joint; the mixing section It is a hollow column, and the hollow part in the middle is a mixing chamber, which is equipped with a muffler cover. The end of the mixing section connected with the combustion section is equipped with a thermostat, and a thermostat inlet is provided at the thermostat. Joints, shrink bushings, one end of the shrinking bush is connected with the inlet joint of the thermostat, and the other end is connected with the muffler cover; the outlet flange is located at the outer end of the mixing section;

The water injection type high pressure combustion method comprises the following steps:

Fuel enters the combustion chamber from the oil nozzle, compressed air enters the combustion chamber from the air distributor, and a certain amount of water is injected from the oil nozzle into the combustion chamber from the water injection port through the oil nozzle pipeline, so that the working temperature in the combustion chamber drops from about 2000 °C to 1500-1600°C; the working end of the igniter also leads to the combustion chamber, and the fuel and air enter the combustion chamber and are atomized and mixed, ignited by the igniter, and after complete combustion, high-temperature and high-pressure smoke is generated, which is injected from the water injection port on the fuel pipeline After a certain amount of water absorbs part of the combustion heat, the working temperature in the combustion chamber is stabilized at 1500-1600°C, and then enters the thermostat to meet the cooling water, and another stream of water enters from the inlet joint of the cooling water jacket set in the combustion section The cooling water jacket, and then the outlet of the cooling water jacket enters the thermostat through the nozzle hole of the thermostat and merges with the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas. , after mixing evenly, enter the oil well pipeline from the outlet flange.

Preferably, after the water is injected, the working temperature in the combustion chamber can be maintained at 1500°C-1600°C.

Beneficial effect:

1. Since the amount of water injected absorbs a certain amount of combustion heat, the working temperature in the combustion chamber is greatly reduced (from about 2000°C when no water is injected to 1500-1600°C after water injection), so that the head and the body of the combustion section and the mixture The operating temperature of the main components of the gas generating device can be kept within the allowable range of the material, thereby effectively improving the working stability of the device, prolonging the continuous working cycle, and making the device a finalized product that can be effectively put on the market.

2. After water injection, since the working temperature in the combustion chamber can be maintained at 1500-1600°C, the temperature level in the combustion chamber can still be guaranteed, thereby ensuring the full combustion of the fuel, and its combustion efficiency can still reach almost 100%. Moreover, the amount of injected water and the heat contained in it are still kept in the gas mixture, therefore, the thermal efficiency of the device is still maintained, so that the device can realize high efficiency, energy saving and long-term safe operation.

3. The water injection port is arranged on the fuel injection nozzle pipeline, which can avoid opening additional holes in the burner head, so that the structure of the burner head can be simplified, thereby improving the reliability of the burner, that is, the mixed gas generating device.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Head 1, air distributor 2, oil nozzle 3, water injection port 4, igniter 5, wind cap 6, combustion section 7, heat insulation jacket 8, cooling water jacket 9, combustion chamber 10, thermostat inlet joint 11, mixing Section 12, muffler cover 13, mixing chamber 14, outlet flange 15, shrink bush 16, thermostat 17, cooling water jacket inlet joint 18;

Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged structural schematic diagram of the burner head 1 in Fig. 1 of the present invention;

In the figure there are: head 1, air distributor 2, oil nozzle 3, water injection port 4, igniter 5, wind cap 6.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new method for the oil thermal recovery gas injection high-pressure mixed gas generating device, which can create a reliable, easy-to-operate, long service life (main components can be continuous) for the recovery of oil, especially heavy oil. Work 8000 hours), energy-saving and efficient alternative new technology.

The device uses diesel oil, crude oil, natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas and compressed air to produce high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas mixed with water, thereby producing temperature and humidity that can be adjusted according to requirements, mainly composed of N2, CO2, water vapor (H2O) of the gas mixture. The mixed gas generating device is mainly used in the thermal exploitation of petroleum. The mixed gas generated by the mixed gas generating device can be directly injected into the oil well, which can effectively improve the recovery rate of oil, especially heavy oil, and is an alternative to the traditional high-pressure steam Boiler is a new oil extraction process with technical characteristics.

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, a kind of oil nozzle pipeline water injection type high pressure combustion method provided by the present invention, this method is used in a water injection type high pressure combustion device, this water injection type high pressure combustion device includes head 1, combustion section 7, mixing Section 12 has three parts, wherein, the combustion section 7 is located in the middle of the water injection high-pressure burner, one end of the combustion section 7 is connected to the head 1, and the other end is connected to the mixing section 13; an air distributor is provided in the head 1 2. Oil nozzle 3, water injection port 4 set on the pipeline of oil nozzle 3, igniter 5, wind cap 6; combustion section 7 is a cylindrical structure, in the middle of which is a combustion chamber 10, and the outside of the combustion chamber 10 is a heat insulation sleeve 8. The outer side of the heat insulation jacket 8 is a cooling water jacket 9, and the cooling water jacket 9 is provided with a cooling water jacket inlet joint 18; the mixing section 12 is a hollow column, and the hollow part in the middle is a mixing chamber 14, and the mixing chamber 14 A muffler cover 13 is provided, and the end of the mixing section 13 connected to the combustion section 7 is provided with a thermostat 17, and the thermostat 17 is provided with a thermostat inlet joint 11, a shrinking bush 16, and a shrinking bushing One end of 16 is connected to the inlet joint 11 of the thermostat, and the other end is connected to the muffler cover 13; the outlet flange 15 is located at the outer end of the mixing section 13;

The water injection type high pressure combustion method comprises the following steps:

Fuel oil enters the combustion chamber 10 from the oil nozzle 3, compressed air enters the combustion chamber 10 from the air distributor 2, and a certain amount of water is injected from the oil nozzle 3 into the combustion chamber 10 from the water injection port 4 through the oil nozzle pipeline, so that the combustion chamber 10 The working temperature inside drops from around 2000°C to 1500-1600°C; the working end of the igniter 5 also leads to the combustion chamber 10, and the fuel and air enter the combustion chamber 10 and are atomized and mixed, ignited by the igniter 5, and produce The high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas injects a certain amount of water from the water injection port 4 on the fuel pipeline to absorb part of the combustion heat, so that the working temperature in the combustion chamber 10 is stabilized at 1500-1600°C, and then enters the thermostat 17 to merge with cooling water. Another stream of water enters the cooling water jacket 9 from the inlet joint 18 of the cooling water jacket 9 provided in the combustion section 7, and then enters the thermostat 17 from the outlet of the cooling water jacket 9 through the spray hole of the thermostat 17 to meet the high temperature and high pressure. When the flue gas converges, the mixed gas enters the muffler cover 13 through the necking bush 16, and enters the mixing chamber 14 after muffled noise and vibration, and enters the oil well pipeline through the outlet flange 15 after mixing evenly.

After the water is injected, the working temperature in the combustion chamber 10 can be maintained at 1500°C-1600°C.

Referring to Fig. 1, the method provided by the present invention is as follows. Set a water injection port 4 on the oil nozzle 3 pipeline of the burner head 1, inject a certain amount of water, and the injected water is sprayed into the combustion chamber together with the fuel, so that the temperature in the combustion chamber drops from about 2000°C to 1500-1600°C ℃, so as to ensure the long-term safe and stable operation of the device. Fuel enters the combustion chamber 10 from the oil nozzle 3 , compressed air enters the combustion chamber 10 from the air distributor 2 , and the working end of the igniter 5 also leads to the combustion chamber 10 .

When this embodiment is working, fuel and air enter the combustion chamber 10, atomize and mix, and are ignited by the igniter 5. After complete combustion, high-temperature and high-pressure smoke is generated, and a certain amount of water is injected from the fuel pipeline to absorb part of the combustion heat to make the combustion The working temperature in section 7 is stable at 1500-1600°C, and then enters the thermostat to merge with the cooling water. Another stream of water enters the cooling water jacket 9 from the inlet joint 18 of the cooling water jacket 9 provided in the combustion section 7, and then enters the thermostat from the outlet of the cooling water jacket 9 through the nozzle hole of the thermostat 17 to be mixed with the high-temperature and high-pressure smoke. Qi confluence. This mixed gas enters the muffler cover 13 through the necking bush 16, and enters the mixing chamber 14 after the muffler and vibration reduction, and enters the oil well pipeline through the outlet flange 15 after mixing evenly.

Claims (2)

1. A water-injection high-pressure combustion method for an oil nozzle pipeline, characterized in that: the method is used for a water-injection high-pressure combustion device, and the water-injection high-pressure combustion device comprises a head (1), a combustion section (7), a mixing section (12) Three parts, wherein the combustion section (7) is located in the middle of the water injection high-pressure burner, one end of the combustion section (7) is connected to the head (1), and the other end is connected to the mixing section (13); The head (1) is equipped with an air distributor (2), an oil nozzle (3), a water injection port (4) arranged on the pipeline of the oil nozzle (3), an igniter (5), and an air cap (6); the combustion section (7) is a cylindrical structure with a combustion chamber (10) in the middle, a heat insulation jacket (8) on the outside of the combustion chamber (10), and a cooling water jacket (9) on the outside of the heat insulation jacket (8). The sleeve (9) is provided with a cooling water jacket inlet joint (18); the mixing section (12) is a hollow column, and the hollow part in the middle is a mixing chamber (14), and the mixing chamber (14) is provided with a muffler cover ( 13), the end of the mixing section (13) connected to the combustion section (7) is provided with a thermostat (17), and the thermostat (17) is provided with a thermostat inlet joint (11), a necking liner sleeve (16), one end of the shrink bush (16) is connected with the thermostat inlet joint (11), and the other end is connected with the muffler cover (13); the outlet flange (15) is located at the mixing section (13) outer end; The water injection type high pressure combustion method comprises the following steps: Fuel enters the combustion chamber (10) from the oil nozzle (3), compressed air enters the combustion chamber (10) from the air distributor (2), and flows from the oil nozzle (3) to the combustion chamber from the water injection port (4) through the oil nozzle pipeline. A certain amount of water is injected into (10), so that the working temperature in the combustion chamber (10) drops from about 2000°C to 1500～1600°C; the working end of the igniter (5) also leads to the combustion chamber (10), fuel and After entering the combustion chamber (10), the air is atomized and mixed, ignited by the igniter (5), and generates high-temperature and high-pressure smoke after complete combustion. A certain amount of water is injected from the water injection port (4) on the fuel pipeline to absorb part of the combustion heat. Make the working temperature in the combustion chamber (10) stable at 1500-1600°C, then enter the thermostat (17) and merge with the cooling water, and another stream of water flows from the cooling water jacket (9) provided in the combustion section (7) The inlet joint (18) enters the cooling water jacket (9), and then the outlet of the cooling water jacket (9) enters the thermostat (17) through the spray hole of the thermostat (17) and merges with the high-temperature and high-pressure flue gas. The mixed gas enters the muffler cover (13) through the necking bush (16), enters the mixing chamber (14) after noise reduction and vibration reduction, and enters the oil well pipeline through the outlet flange (15) after mixing evenly. 2. The oil nozzle pipeline water injection high-pressure combustion method according to claim 1, characterized in that after injecting water, the working temperature in the combustion chamber (10) is kept at 1500°C-1600°C.

Images