CN101851025A - Sewage and wastewater pretreatment method for artificial wetland process - Google Patents

Sewage and wastewater pretreatment method for artificial wetland process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101851025A
CN101851025A CN201010222244A CN201010222244A CN101851025A CN 101851025 A CN101851025 A CN 101851025A CN 201010222244 A CN201010222244 A CN 201010222244A CN 201010222244 A CN201010222244 A CN 201010222244A CN 101851025 A CN101851025 A CN 101851025A
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water
sewage
planting groove
planting
plants
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CN101851025B (en
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任勇翔
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Xian University of Architecture and Technology
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Xian University of Architecture and Technology
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Abstract

The invention relates to a sewage and wastewater pretreatment method for an artificial wetland process, which comprises the following steps of: building a water culture tank, and controlling inlet water hydraulic load to determine hydraulic power retention time; according to different varieties of plants, respectively fixing the plants in planting baskets with flexible materials according to different planting densities, and fixing the planting baskets to light materials, or directly fixing the plants to light plate materials floating on water or directly planting the plants in sewage; and guiding the sewages or wastewater subjected to grid and sediment treatment into the water culture tank, putting the prepared plants into the water culture tank, and making the outlet water of the water culture tank directly flowed or pumped to the subsequent artificial wetland. The method can quickly and effectively remove a large quantity of suspended solids and more than a half of organic matters which probably cause the blockage of the artificial wetland in the sewage and wastewater, can obviously improve the dissolved oxygen content in the sewage and wastewater flowing through the water culture tank, improves the efficiency of the wetland of removing pollutants in the water, reduces the area occupied by the artificial wetland, and reduces the investment and operating cost of sewage and wastewater treatment facilities.

Description

A kind of sewage and wastewater pretreatment method of artificial wetland process
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sewage and wastewater pretreatment method, particularly utilize the sewage and wastewater pretreatment method of artificial wetland process.
Background technology
In recent years, utilize artificial wetland process to handle sanitary sewage and trade effluent and its treating water is more and more as the technology of reuse water, be the gesture parallel abroad with the main process activated sludge process of sewage disposal.At present, use maximum novel artificial wetlands and be mainly current wetland and vertical-flow wetland, compare with traditional free surface flow wetland, the two is improving contaminant removal efficiency, is reducing aspect such as floor space and have clear superiority; But compare with activated sludge process, still needing further improvement aspect the removal of nutritive salt such as nitrogen phosphorus and the system's operation stability.About the technology upgrading of artificial swamp mainly concentrates on the permanent stability of maintenance system at present and improves processing efficiency two aspects of system.The former mainly puts forth effort on and prevents from or reduce wet land system to pass in and out the pool and plant the latch up phenomenon of planting the bed medium hole, to avoid the wet land system paralysis; The latter mainly puts forth effort on the raising wetland and plants the dissolved oxygen concentration of planting in bed or the water, to strengthen the aerobic treatment effect.
The excessive concentration of suspended solids can make the turnover pool of wet land system or plant and plant a hole and stop up in the dirty waste water, finally cause whole wet land system paralysis, so all be provided with the pre-treatment facility in the present artificial wetland process flow process, comprise grid, preliminary sedimentation tank, anaerobic reactor or (with) oxidation pond etc.But, many bibliographical informations are arranged,, big area still having taken place planted and plant a hole latch up phenomenon after the operation long period (be many with 7-10) through above-mentioned pretreated artificial wet land system, needs develop to the higher artificial swamp pretreatment process of suspended solids removal efficient.In addition, current main body pre-treatment structures commonly used in the world are mainly anaerobic reactor, though it is convenient to have management maintenance, advantages such as running cost is low, still, the concentration of dissolved oxygen mostly is zero greatly in the water outlet, the aerobic degradation that is unfavorable for pollutent in the follow-up wetland, and it is limited to treatment of organic matters of organic efficient, and ammonia nitrogen is not almost had Degradation, can not effectively reduce the floor space of artificial swamp thereafter.
Summary of the invention
Defective or deficiency at above-mentioned prior art exists the objective of the invention is to, and a kind of sewage and wastewater pretreatment method of new artificial wetland process is provided.This method can not only fast and effeciently be removed a large amount of suspended solidss and the organism over half that may cause constructed wetland plant cultivation bed hole to stop up in the dirty waste water, also can significantly improve the dissolved oxygen content in the dirty waste water, thereby improve the removal efficient of wetland to water pollutant, reduce the artificial swamp floor space, reduce the investment and the running cost of sewage treatment facility.
For realizing above-mentioned task, the present invention adopts following technical solution:
1. build the water planting groove, and do antiseepage and handle, the water planting groove be shaped as rectangle or square, groove depth is not more than 0.1m, the bottom land gradient is not less than 2 ‰;
2. control water inlet hydraulic load is 0.01-0.5m 3/ m 2D can determine the length and the width of water planting groove and then definite hydraulic detention time in view of the above according to field condition;
3. the aquatic or terrestrial plant root earth of children's phase is rinsed well, different sorts according to plant, press different densities respectively, with flexible materials the plan thing of planting is fixed in the field planting basket, then the field planting basket is fixed on the light material, the thing of also plan can being planted directly is fixed on the lightweight board-like material that can bubble through the water column, also can directly be inoculated in pleuston in the sewage;
4. will go into the water planting groove through the sewage or waste water water conservancy diversion of grid and precipitation process, 3. ready plant is put into the water planting groove set by step then, and the water outlet of water planting groove flows directly into or pump into follow-up artificial swamp.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention compares with domestic and international existing processes technology, has the following advantages:
1, duration weak point, less investment.Because used water planting groove is extremely shallow type, the degree of depth is not more than 10cm, and the engineering earth volume is significantly smaller than other degree of depth water planting grooves and other artificial swamp pre-treatment facilities, and masonry and impervious material easy construction, so the duration shortens dramatically, can significantly reduce construction investment and labour cost; In addition, because the oxygen effect of secreting of root system of plant is strong in the extremely shallow type water planting groove, in the process of disposing of sewage, can significantly increase the content of dissolved oxygen in its water outlet, organic matter degradation and nitrated aerobic environment in the follow-up artificial swamp have been optimized, thereby reduce the quantity of artificial swamp effectively, thereby further reduce construction investment.
2, pollutants removal rate height helps reducing the floor space that wetland stops up risk and reduces wetland.With regard to suspended substance and organic average removal rate, compare with water planting groove or other artificial swamp pre-treatment facilities such as anaerobic type pre-treatment structures, oxidation pond of other bigger degree of depth, extremely shallow type water planting groove shows performance more efficient or that remain basically stable, can reach more than 90% and 65% respectively, can effectively reduce the wetland medium risk of stopping up and the total amount of organic that enters wetland that cause because of suspended solids, thereby significantly reduce the floor space of wetland, economize the land resource.
3, manageability is safeguarded, running cost is extremely low.Because of water planting groove simple structure, have only cell body and impervious material, do not need any mechanical oxygenation and stir facility.Or else run duration except that changing one to twice cultivated plant of kind and daily cleaning plant rotted leaf every year, almost needs other artificial, therefore can significantly reduce management maintenance cost and working cost.
4, be of value to the conversion of pollutent in follow-up artificial swamp, improve total clearance of each pollutent.Because the high-solubility oxygen environment in the water planting groove impels the most of organism in the water just to be able to rapid degraded in the water planting groove, and has considerable ammonia nitrogen by nitrated, this is that other any anaerobic type pre-treatment facilities are not available.In addition, the organism of some difficult degradations can be converted into easily biodegradable organics in the water planting groove, makes it easier being removed in wetland; In the water outlet of water planting groove residual ammonia nitrogen after entering wetland since organic concentration reduced to very low, dissolved oxygen abundance in addition, nitrated meeting is more thorough, thereby has improved the removal effect of pollutent.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment that the contriver provides.
Embodiment 1:
1. planning to build water planting groove place excavation ground to the degree of depth 10cm, width is not more than the rectangular slot of 1m, compacting groove sidewall and trench bottom, lay flexible waterproof materials such as thick waterproof geotextile of 0.1-0.5mm or high density polyethylene(HDPE) anti seepage membrane, the flexible waterproof material edge is fixed with spoil or plain concrete compacting.The bottom land gradient is not less than 2 ‰;
2. according to influent quality, control hydraulic load 0.01-0.5m 3/ m 2D, when entering organic matter of water and suspended sediment concentration are high (as being higher than 200mg/L) get low value, (as being lower than 100mg/L) got high value when concentration was hanged down.In addition, north of china in winter is distinguished more longways and should be got low value.Determine the total length of water planting groove according to selected hydraulic load, intend with place length when not enough the water planting groove and can build into Zigzag type that partition wall thickness is not less than 10cm;
3. water planting groove water-in can adopt submerged, also can adopt the non-submersion formula; Can adopt pipe water, also can adopt perforation tracery wall water distribution.Water outlet can adopt the header water outlet, also can adopt effluent weir;
4. in spring or summer reed root earth is rinsed well, with flexible materials reed is fixed in the field planting basket, press the density of seeding row spacing 0.2m respectively, again the field planting basket is fixed on the framework that rough ground or bamboo chip make, frame width is less than water planting well width 3-5cm, length is generally 1-2m, can set flexibly according to the water planting slot length;
5. treatment sewage or waste water are imported the water planting groove, to the half of the depth of water near the water planting groove depth, with step 4. the reed of field planting put into the water planting groove, the flexible materials with good endurance such as nylon ropes links to each other rough ground or bamboo chip with the timber wedge of being located at the water planting trough rim in advance then, makes its relative fixed;
6. operation scheme can adopt continuous operation or intermittent operation.
Set by step 4., step working method 5. 7. after treating at the beginning of the winter that reed is withered,, reed changed kind be winter wheat, the plant height of winter wheat should be greater than 5cm during transplanting.The spring reed plant height of waiting for the coming year reaches 20cm when above, winter wheat is changed kind to be reed again, perhaps treats after the wheat maturation it is changed kind to be reed.Clear up the heavy mud in the water planting groove when changing kind of plant simultaneously, landfill or the burning after the mummification on the spot of heavy mud perhaps is transported to and adopts activated sludge process sludge of sewage treatment plants digester.
Embodiment 2:
1. 1. with the step of embodiment 1.
2. 2. with the step of embodiment one;
3. 3. with the step of embodiment one;
4. in spring or summer Canna generalis Bailey root earth is rinsed well, with flexible materials Canna generalis Bailey is fixed in the field planting basket, press the density of seeding row spacing 0.2-0.3m respectively, again the field planting basket is fixed on the framework that rough ground or bamboo chip make, frame width is less than water planting well width 3-5cm, length is generally 1-2m, can set flexibly according to flute length;
5. 5. with the step of embodiment one;
6. 6. with the step of embodiment one.
7. after treating at the beginning of the winter that Canna generalis Bailey is withered, set by step 4., step working method 5., Canna generalis Bailey changed kind be winter wheat, the spring Canna generalis Bailey plant height of waiting for the coming year reaches 20cm when above, again winter wheat is changed kind and to be Canna generalis Bailey, perhaps treat after the winter wheat maturation it is changed and kind be Canna generalis Bailey.Heavy mud method of disposal in the water planting groove is with embodiment 1.
8. the area in China's located in subtropical zone and the torrid zone, can be between annual June to July wrong row or burst cut the Canna generalis Bailey of cutting in the water planting groove, treat that New Development Canna generalis Bailey plant height grows to 20cm and will remain Canna generalis Bailey when above again and cut and cut, the height for the stubble left is 8-10cm; Other areas of China can be between annual July to August be cut Canna generalis Bailey and are cut regeneration, so that increase plant picked-up nitrogen phosphorus total amount, improve wastewater purification efficiency.
Embodiment 3:
1. planning to build water planting groove place excavation ground to the degree of depth 10cm, width is not more than the rectangular slot of 1m, and the impervious grade that compacting pit sidewall and bottom land are built thick about 10cm is equal to or greater than the concrete of S6 standard.The bottom land gradient is not less than 2 ‰;
2. according to influent quality, control hydraulic load 0.01-0.3m 3/ m 2D, when entering organic matter of water and suspended sediment concentration are high (as being higher than 200mg/L) get low value, (as being lower than 100mg/L) got high value when concentration was hanged down.In addition, north of china in winter is distinguished more longways and should be got low value.Determine the total length of water planting groove according to selected hydraulic load, intend with place length when not enough the water planting groove and can build into Zigzag type that partition wall thickness is not less than 10cm;
3. 3. with the step of embodiment 1;
4. in non-winter plant height is rinsed well greater than perennial meadow annual bluegrass and English ryegrass (quantity is than about 3:7) the root earth of 15cm, density by seeding row spacing 0.05-0.1m is holed on the lightweight board-like material, the aperture is not more than 3cm, then English grass and rye grass are planted in the hole, about 10 strains of every hole plant quantity, light flexible material such as space available polyethylene foam is filled fixing between grass and hole.Plate is wide, and length is generally 1-2m less than water planting well width 3-5cm, can set flexibly according to flute length;
5. treatment sewage or waste water are imported the water planting groove, to the depth of water near groove depth one half, with 4. the English grass of field planting and rye grass are put into the water planting groove set by step, flexible materials with good endurance such as nylon ropes links to each other the lightweight board-like material with the timber wedge of being located at the water planting trough rim in advance then, makes its relative fixed;
6. 6. with the step of embodiment 1;
When treating that 7. English grass and rye grass highly grow to the 50cm left and right sides, it is all cut cut, the height for the stubble left is 6-8cm;
8. when the plant growing way dies down, adopt its rhizomatic method of cut-out, upgrade fixed grass roots, avoid English grass and rye grass to occur aging too early.Behind the 3-5, change kind of English grass and rye grass, working method with step 4..
Embodiment 4:
1. planning to build water planting groove place excavation ground to the degree of depth 10cm, width is not more than the rectangle groove of 1m, the compacting trench bottom, and the pond sidewall adopts brick.Lay flexible waterproof materials such as 0.1-0.5mm thick polyester spun-bonded non-woven fabrics or high density polyethylene(HDPE) anti seepage membrane, the water-proof material edge is fixed with plain concrete or spoil compacting.In addition, also available plain concrete is floating with brick face and bottom land, then at concrete surface brush waterproof paint.The bottom land gradient is not less than 2 ‰;
2. 2. with the step of embodiment 1;
3. 3. with the step of embodiment 1;
4. press 10-20 strain/m in spring or summer 2Density prepare Herba Eichhorniae, the plant size is not limit;
5. treatment sewage or waste water are imported the water planting groove, to the depth of water near groove depth one half, the Herba Eichhorniae of 4. getting ready is set by step directly put into the water planting groove;
6. 6. with the step of embodiment 1.
7. after treating at the beginning of the winter that Herba Eichhorniae is withered, by step among the embodiment 1 4., step method 5. changes Herba Eichhorniae and kind is winter wheat, again wheat is changed the spring of waiting for the coming year kind to be Herba Eichhorniae.
The different mode of construction of water planting groove do not exert an influence with the different impervious material decontamination effect improving to the water planting groove sewage of flowing through in the foregoing description 1,2,3,4, purification efficiency depends on the hydraulic load of kind and planting density and the system of the cultivated plant in the groove, as long as plant corresponding plant and, all can satisfy the requirement of the long-term efficient stable operation of artificial swamp by its corresponding system's waterpower load operation according to different planting densities cited among each embodiment.

Claims (2)

1. the sewage and wastewater pretreatment method of an artificial wetland process is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1 is built the water planting groove, and does antiseepage and handle; The water planting groove be shaped as rectangle or square, groove depth is not more than 0.1m, the bottom land gradient is not less than 2 ‰;
Step 2, control water inlet hydraulic load is 0.01-0.5m 3/ m 2D can determine the length and the width of water planting groove and then definite hydraulic detention time in view of the above according to field condition;
Step 3, aquatic or the terrestrial plant root earth of children's phase is rinsed well, different sorts according to plant, respectively by different planting densities, with flexible materials the plan thing of planting is fixed in the field planting basket, then the field planting basket is fixed on the light material, the thing of also plan can being planted directly is fixed on the lightweight board-like material that can bubble through the water column, perhaps directly is inoculated in pleuston in the sewage;
Step 4 will be gone into the water planting groove through the sewage or waste water water conservancy diversion of grid and precipitation process, and three ready plants are put into the water planting groove set by step then, and the water outlet of water planting groove flows directly into or pump into follow-up artificial swamp.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described aquatic or terrestrial plant is wherein one or more of reed, winter wheat, Canna generalis Bailey, English grass, rye grass, Herba Eichhorniae.
CN2010102222446A 2010-07-09 2010-07-09 Sewage and wastewater pretreatment method for artificial wetland process Expired - Fee Related CN101851025B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105540864A (en) * 2016-03-01 2016-05-04 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 Industrial construction method of constructed wetland
CN116957200A (en) * 2023-07-25 2023-10-27 中国环境科学研究院 Cost and carbon footprint accounting method for sewage treatment plant tail water constructed wetland

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4872985A (en) * 1986-11-10 1989-10-10 Ray Dinges Method for application of wastewater to plants for improved wastewater treatment
JPH04146000A (en) * 1990-10-06 1992-05-19 Toshiro Sekine Method and apparatus for completely treating organic waste water
CN101624233A (en) * 2009-08-06 2010-01-13 上海交通大学 Gravity-flow type semi-matrix artificial water culture wetland device

Patent Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4872985A (en) * 1986-11-10 1989-10-10 Ray Dinges Method for application of wastewater to plants for improved wastewater treatment
JPH04146000A (en) * 1990-10-06 1992-05-19 Toshiro Sekine Method and apparatus for completely treating organic waste water
CN101624233A (en) * 2009-08-06 2010-01-13 上海交通大学 Gravity-flow type semi-matrix artificial water culture wetland device

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105540864A (en) * 2016-03-01 2016-05-04 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 Industrial construction method of constructed wetland
CN105540864B (en) * 2016-03-01 2018-05-04 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 A kind of artificial swamp industrialization construction method
CN116957200A (en) * 2023-07-25 2023-10-27 中国环境科学研究院 Cost and carbon footprint accounting method for sewage treatment plant tail water constructed wetland
CN116957200B (en) * 2023-07-25 2024-02-27 中国环境科学研究院 Cost and carbon footprint accounting method for sewage treatment plant tail water constructed wetland

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