CN101850438A - Process for milling nickel-based alloy by nanoparticles at high speed and nano cutting fluid - Google Patents
Process for milling nickel-based alloy by nanoparticles at high speed and nano cutting fluid Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002173 cutting fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010730 cutting oil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 44
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 25
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006166 lysate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention belongs to a machining method and a machining material, and relates to a process for milling a nickel-based alloy by nanoparticles at a high speed and nano cutting fluid. The nano cutting process is performed by applying nanoscale particles of a solid material to the high-speed cutting process of the nickel-based alloy. The nano cutting fluid is prepared by mixing the nanoscale particles of the solid material and liquid cutting fluid. Compared with a conventional water-based or oil-based cutting fluid, the nano cutting fluid has the advantages that the indexes such as the temperature of the cutting region, the surface roughness, the cutting resistance, the loss of the grinding tool and the like are all greatly reduced and the machining quality and the economic benefit are obviously improved; therefore, high application value and great market prospect can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of method and cutting fluid field of machining, promptly a kind of process for milling nickel-based alloy by nanoparticles at high speed and nano cutting fluid.
Background technology
The nickel-base alloy advanced material is little because of its proportion, specific strength is high, hear resistance and good corrosion resistance are widely used in aero-engine strength member such as compressor fan blade, casing etc., and the quality of these vital part crudies is very big to engine overall performance and effectiveness affects.Ni-based billon is typical difficult-to-machine material, this class workpiece material have bigger elevated temperature strength, low thermal conductivity factor, work hardening seriously, easily with characteristics such as cutter material generation chemical reactions. make that its machinability is relatively poor, cutting temperature height in machining, the cutter visitor decreases fast, and the machining problem of therefore studying this class difficult-to-machine material seems more and more important.
The present research work that nickel-base alloy is correlated with is system not enough, and shortage is understood in depth its cutting scheme, how to improve part machining surface integrity and crudy thereof and more and more causes concern.This relates to character and distribution, surface smoothness and the microscopic appearance etc. of surface residual stress.Particularly cutter and workpiece cutting region produce a large amount of heat in metal cuttings influences workpiece surface quality and machining accuracy, and how more effective reduction cutting region temperature is the target that industrial quarters is constantly sought and pursued.
In order to eliminate or reduce the influence of heat in metal cutting, people adopt the heat-conducting medium that flows to participate in working angles, have reached the purpose of taking away heat.The fluid heat-conducting medium that adopts mainly contains two kinds of liquids and gases at present.Gas mainly is cool air injection.Liquid has liquid nitrogen and cutting fluid etc., and wherein, most widely used is cutting fluid.At present the cutting fluid of using can be divided into two big classes: i.e. oil base cutting fluid and water-base cutting fluid.The oil base cutting fluid generally is to add composition such as polar additive in various straight mineral oils, for the purpose of environmental protection, also has and adopts vegetable oil to do main composition.Water-base cutting fluid is divided into two kinds of emulsion and lysates again, and emulsion cutting fluid is the emulsion of oil and water, and the dissolving cutting fluid is the lysate that adds the syntholube formation of solubility in water.In the processing of nickel-base alloy high-speed milling, cutting fluid occupies an important position, because that it has is lubricated, cooling, cleaning, antirust, reduce cutting force and improve effects such as workpiece surface quality, be that the nickel-base alloy high-speed milling is processed one of indispensable production factors.Oil base cutting fluid lubrication performance is better than water-base cutting fluid, but the water-base cutting fluid good cooling results.
By the enhanced heat exchange theory as can be known, the heat conductivility of material is relevant with the density of material, and the big more heat conductivility of density is good more.Heat-transfer capability that thus can the inference solid is much larger than liquids and gases.,, both be difficult to participate in working angles, be difficult to take away heat again, so also do not obtain paying attention to because solid matter is mobile poor.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the nickel-base alloy high-speed milling technology that a kind of solid dielectric participates in working angles.
Another purpose of the present invention provides a class has solid particle to participate in, and existing superior heat conductivility has the cutting medium of good flowing property again.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of nano cutting fluid preparation method.
Above-mentioned purpose is realized by following technical scheme: a kind of process for milling nickel-based alloy by nanoparticles at high speed is provided, is characterized in: the nano-scale particle of solid matter is applied in the working angles.
A kind of nano cutting fluid is provided, is characterized in: this nano cutting fluid is to be mixed by nanoscale particles of solid matter and liquid cutting fluid.
Said solid matter is a metallics.
Said metallics is copper or aluminium or zinc.
Said solid matter is an oxide.
Said oxide is aluminium oxide or zinc oxide or zirconia.
The granularity of said nanoscale solids particle is between 1-100nm, and the percentage by volume content of nano particle is 1-10vol%.
The granularity of said nanoscale solids particle is 60nm.
Said liquid cutting fluid is a water-base cutting fluid.
Said liquid cutting fluid is the oil base cutting fluid.
The preparation method of said nano cutting fluid add stabilizing agent in the mixed liquor of nano particle and cutting fluid after, adopts ultrasonic vibration again, obtains steady suspension.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: adopt the nickel-base alloy high-speed milling process of nano cutting fluid and have now water base or the oil base cutting fluid is compared, indexs such as the temperature of its cutting region, surface roughness, cutting resistance, cutter loss all reduce significantly, crudy and remarkable in economical benefits improve, thereby have higher using value and market prospects.
The specific embodiment
In order to verify the effect of nano cutting fluid, we have done a large amount of experiments.The contrast experiment of nano cutting fluid and existing cutting fluid; The prescription of nano cutting fluid is preferred, comprises material, granularity, content, compound method etc.Now therefrom selecting two concrete experiments and an experimental data statistics describes.
Experiment one:
A. experiment purpose:
The difference of the cutting quality of examination nano particle cutting fluid and existing cutting fluid.
B. experiment is prepared:
This experiment is finished at the high-speed milling machining center.The KC5010 type PVD coated cutting tool that adopts U.S. Kennametal to produce, concrete cutting data is: cutting speed 3800m/min; Amount of feeding 0.5m/min; Cutting depth 1.5mm.The nickel-bass alloy material trade mark of test usefulness: GH4145, its hardness is HB330-400.Adopt three-phase piezoelectric type cutting force measurement instrument (YDX-III99), surface topographic apparatus fo (Talysurf5), thermal infrared imager (Thermovision A40M) is the test experiments result respectively.The nano-solid particle is selected Al for use
2O
3, diameter is 60nm.
C. experimental program:
This experiment is divided into 4 groups altogether.
The 1st group is adopted the more emulsified water-based cutting fluid of application at present;
The 2nd group of used cutting fluid is to test at the 1st group that to add volume fraction on the employed water-base cutting fluid basis again be 4vol%, and diameter is the Al of 60nm
2O
3The nano-solid particle, and in resulting mixed liquor, add stabilizing agent, adopt the mode of ultrasonic vibration, obtain stable suspension water-base nano cutting fluid;
The 3rd group is adopted the more oil base cutting fluid of application at present, and surfactants such as emulsifying agent, cleaning agent, stabilizing agent, antirust agent are formulated at a certain temperature by adding in the mineral oil;
The 4th group of cutting fluid type that adopts is that to add volume content on the used cutting fluid basis of the 3rd group of experiment be the Al that the diameter of 4vol% is similarly 60nm
2O
3The nano-solid particle, and in resulting mixed liquor, add stabilizing agent, adopt the mode of ultrasonic vibration, obtain stable suspension oil base nano cutting fluid.
The stabilizing agent here is a saturated fatty acid, and adding percentage by volume content is 0.1-1vol%.Ultrasonic vibration is general ultrasonic vibration apparatus, relies on ten thousand times/minute dithers of 1.6-2 to realize that nano particle mixes with the even of cutting fluid.Identical lathe and identical machined parameters are all adopted in every group of experiment.Nickel-base alloy high-speed milling working process parameter: cutting speed 3800m/min; Amount of feeding 0.5m/min; Cutting depth 1.5mm.In the process of whole experiment, liquid supply rate is 40L/min.
The d experimental data:
Cutting region temperature, normal direction cutting force, tangential cutting power, surface roughness, tool abrasion, workpiece surface appearance etc.
Experimental data sees Table 1:
Table 1 nickel-base alloy high-speed milling machining experiment measurement data
Annotate: 1.F
t: tangential cutting power; F
nNormal direction cutting force, unit: N/mm.
2.G ratio is volume V and the tool wear volume V that removes material in the unit interval
wRatio, i.e. G=V/V
w
3. workpiece surface appearance is by the workpiece sampling to the 1st group and the 2nd group processing, surface texture to workpiece is carried out the electron scanning electron microscopic observation, proves that the workpiece surface quality that uses the water-base nano cutting fluid to carry out the processing of nickel-base alloy high-speed milling obviously is better than traditional water base cutting fluid crudy.
E. interpretation:
One. the data contrast:
1. the heat conductivility of nano cutting fluid obviously improves.Under the identical situation of nickel-base alloy high-speed milling working process parameter, the equilibrium temperature of the 2nd group of cutting region has reduced by 58 ℃ than the 1st group.The 4th group cutting region temperature has reduced by 39 ℃ than the 3rd group.Illustrate that the nano particle in the nano cutting fluid can effectively absorb the cutting heat, the temperature of workpiece is descended.
2. the cutting quality of nano cutting fluid obviously improves.The 2nd group of surface roughness than the 1st group reduces by 17%, the 4 group of surface roughness than the 3rd group and reduces by 14%.
3. nano cutting fluid obviously reduces cutting stress.The 2nd group has descended 30% and 29% respectively than the 1st group normal stress and tangential stress 26% and 33%, the 4 group of normal stress and the tangential stress than the 3rd group that descended respectively, illustrate that heat in metal cutting imports the ratio of cutter into and reduce, and cutter keeps sharp time increase.
4. the wearing and tearing of the grinding tool of nano cutting fluid obviously reduce.The 2nd group of G ratio than the 1st group improves 46%, the 4 group of G ratio than the 3rd group and improved 74%, illustrates that the lubricant effect of nano cutting fluid also has greatly improved.
5. aspect antirust and cleaning, nano cutting fluid and traditional cutting fluid performance maintain an equal level.
Two. Analysis on Mechanism:
The good cutting of nano cutting fluid at first comes from self heat transfer property, flows owing to can carry a large amount of heat energy, and the cooling that has produced, series of advantages such as lubricated.And the capacity of heat transmission of nano particle may derive from following several respects:
1. nano cutting fluid is compared with traditional cutting fluid, because interaction and collision between particle and particle, particle and liquid, the fluidized bed laminar boundary layer is destroyed, and heat transfer resistance reduces, and flow turbulence intensity is enhanced, and making conducts heat increases.
2. under identical particle volume content, the surface area of nano particle and thermal capacity are much larger than millimeter or micron-sized particle, so the thermal conductivity factor of nano cutting fluid increases considerably.
3. owing to the small-size effect of nano material, its behavior approaches fluid molecule, and the strong Brownian movement of nano particle helps its maintenance stable suspersion and do not precipitate, and can reduce the flowage friction resistance coefficient, plays wear-resistant effect.
Three. conclusion:
The effect of nano cutting fluid can be affirmed.
Experiment two
A. experiment purpose:
The purpose of this experiment be research size of nano particle and nano particle add volume fraction what to the influence of cutting fluid thermal conductivity factor.
B. experiment is prepared:
This experiment is finished at the high-speed milling machining center equally.The KC5010 type PVD coated cutting tool that adopts U.S. Kennametal to produce, concrete cutting data is: cutting speed 3800m/min; Amount of feeding 0.5m/min; Cutting depth 1.5mm.The nickel-bass alloy material trade mark of test usefulness: GH4145, its hardness is HB330-400.Adopt three-phase piezoelectric type cutting force measurement instrument (YDX-III99), surface topographic apparatus fo (Talysurf5), thermal infrared imager (Thermovision A40M) is the test experiments result respectively.The nano-solid particle is selected Al for use
2O
3, diameter is 60nm.
C. experimental design:
In this experimentation, select Al for use
2O
3The diameter of nano particles size is respectively 20nm, 40nm, 60nm.Volume fraction is 2vol%, 4vol%, 8vol%.The variation of the heat transfer coefficient of research nano cutting fluid.
Nickel-base alloy high-speed milling working process parameter: cutting speed 3800m/min; Amount of feeding 0.5m/min; Cutting depth 1.5mm.
Experimental data sees Table 2:
Table 2 experimental data table
D. interpretation:
The volume share of nano particle and characteristic have very big influence to the heat transfer property of nano-fluid.Be difficult to accurately describe the heat transfer property of nano-fluid at present with theoretical method, must come to determine the heat transfer property of nano-fluid by experiment.
According to table 2 as can be known, experiment (1), (2), (3) group cutting region temperature are reduced to 438 ℃, 420 ℃, 412 ℃ successively.This result shows: when the nano particle size of adding is identical, increase along with the nano-volumes mark, the heat conductivility of nano cutting fluid strengthens accordingly, makes nano cutting fluid increase through the efficient heat of being taken away in the cutting region, flows into just corresponding minimizing of heat of workpiece like this.As seen the raising of the volume fraction of nano particle in the nano cutting fluid can effectively improve the capacity of heat transmission of cutting fluid.
Experiment (4), (5), (6) contrast as can be known, and the size of nanometer diameter influences the heat transfer property of cutting fluid, and the oil base cutting fluid ratio that adds the nano particle of diameter 60nm adds the cutting fluid capacity of heat transmission height of 20nm nano particle.The capacity of heat transmission that nano cutting fluid when the diameter that adds nano particle is big is described is more intense.Learn by other experiments and statistical analysis, capacity of heat transmission growth eases up when nanometer particle size surpasses 100nm, in conjunction with the contrast of this experiment (1) (2) (3) and (4) (5) (6) group cutting fluid stability indicator as can be known: interpolations volume content is 4vol%, and diameter is that the overall target of the nano particle of 60nm is optimum.
Experiment three
For popularity and the practicality that proves that this method is used, the inventor adds the nano particle of variety classes, different size, different volumes mark in different base fluid cutting fluids, a large amount of experimental works has been done in aspects such as crudy, surface integrity, cutting fluid stability and production cost to the nanometer cutting, and has obtained the data of table 3 through statistical induction:
As fully visible: nano cutting fluid has the very strong capacity of heat transmission, improves a lot very wide of the application prospect in nickel-base alloy high-speed milling manufacture field for the surface quality of processing work.
Claims (7)
1. a process for milling nickel-based alloy by nanoparticles at high speed is characterized in that: the nano-scale particle of solid matter is applied in the nickel-base alloy high-speed machining process.
2. nano cutting fluid, it is characterized in that: this nano cutting fluid is to be mixed by nanoscale solids particle and liquid cutting fluid.
3. nano cutting fluid according to claim 2 is characterized in that: said solids are metallicses.
4. nano cutting fluid according to claim 3 is characterized in that: said metallics is one or both and multiple mixing of copper, iron, aluminium, zinc.
5. nano cutting fluid according to claim 2 is characterized in that: said solids are oxides.
6. nano cutting fluid according to claim 5 is characterized in that: said oxide is one or both and multiple mixing of aluminium oxide, zinc oxide, zirconia.
7. nano cutting fluid according to claim 2 is characterized in that: said liquid cutting fluid is water-base cutting fluid or oil base cutting fluid.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102029551A (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2011-04-27 | 长沙理工大学 | Lubricating and cooling method for cutting process and device thereof |
| CN102267098A (en) * | 2011-07-12 | 2011-12-07 | 青岛理工大学 | Process method for grinding nickel-base alloy through jet flow of carbon nano tubes |
| CN110699157A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-01-17 | 中科孚迪科技发展有限公司 | Cutting oil for titanium alloy processing and preparation method thereof |
| CN112958848A (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2021-06-15 | 厦门大学 | Gear slotting process using method of fullerene nanosphere particle cutting oil |
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| JP2001047339A (en) * | 1999-08-09 | 2001-02-20 | Enomoto Kogyo Kk | Method and device for removing metal particulates from emulsion in electrochemical system |
| CN101519621A (en) * | 2008-02-26 | 2009-09-02 | 上海电机学院 | High-performance high-water base lubricant |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001047339A (en) * | 1999-08-09 | 2001-02-20 | Enomoto Kogyo Kk | Method and device for removing metal particulates from emulsion in electrochemical system |
| CN101519621A (en) * | 2008-02-26 | 2009-09-02 | 上海电机学院 | High-performance high-water base lubricant |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102029551A (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2011-04-27 | 长沙理工大学 | Lubricating and cooling method for cutting process and device thereof |
| CN102267098A (en) * | 2011-07-12 | 2011-12-07 | 青岛理工大学 | Process method for grinding nickel-base alloy through jet flow of carbon nano tubes |
| CN110699157A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-01-17 | 中科孚迪科技发展有限公司 | Cutting oil for titanium alloy processing and preparation method thereof |
| CN110699157B (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2021-09-21 | 中科孚迪科技发展有限公司 | Cutting oil for titanium alloy processing and preparation method thereof |
| CN112958848A (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2021-06-15 | 厦门大学 | Gear slotting process using method of fullerene nanosphere particle cutting oil |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101850438B (en) | 2012-05-23 |
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