CN101844899B - Filling and binding material composition - Google Patents
Filling and binding material composition Download PDFInfo
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- CN101844899B CN101844899B CN2010101582266A CN201010158226A CN101844899B CN 101844899 B CN101844899 B CN 101844899B CN 2010101582266 A CN2010101582266 A CN 2010101582266A CN 201010158226 A CN201010158226 A CN 201010158226A CN 101844899 B CN101844899 B CN 101844899B
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/10—Lime cements or magnesium oxide cements
- C04B28/12—Hydraulic lime
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00215—Mortar or concrete mixtures defined by their oxide composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/2038—Resistance against physical degradation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a filling and binding material composition, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 20-55% of natural hydraulic setting lime, 40-78% of aggregate, 0.01-2% of polymer emulsion powder, 0.01-2% of thixotropic lubricant, 0-2% of water-retentive thickening agent and 0-2% of wood fiber. The components are mixed in proportion to obtain powder, and 10-40 kg of water is evenly mixed with every 100 kg of powder. The invention can satisfy the special requirements for filling, binding and reinforcing bricks and stone materials in historical buildings. When being used for binding cracked positions, the filling and binding material composition has the performance similar to that of the bricks or stone at the constructed position. The invention has the advantages of environmental protection, high safety after curing, favorable reinforcing force for sealing and binding, good weatherability and good self-recovery property.
Description
Technical field
The protection reparation of relate generally to historical relic of the present invention or historical building more specifically relates to the restorative composition that is used for masonry matter historical relic and historical building.
Background technology
Masonry matter historical relic (comprising cliff painting, sculpture made of stones or clay, stone inscription etc.) and historical building are the important component parts of Chinese culture heredity; But under the effect of various natural causes and human activity; They through regular meeting aging, hollowing occurs, peel off, phenomenons such as damaged, fracture and disappearance, need constantly safeguard, repair and protect.And in these protection engineerings, bonding fracture member, fill up the damaged position of hollowing and reinforce historical relic body construction etc. and all need suitable protecting materials.
In these historical relic repairerment processes; Use filling and binding material; Promptly be coated in the injecting paste material surface after to big slit or cavity perfusion and play sealing process, the material of similar outward appearance arranged using injecting paste material, be also referred to as and seal matrix material (or abbreviation joint filling material) with bulk material.In addition, when handling the shallow and narrow small gaps (or little cavity) in top layer, also can not use injecting paste material, and directly fill up consolidation process with filling and binding material.
As filling and binding material, main requirement has: 1) close with the bulk material performance, outward appearance is similar; 2) ageing-resistant; 3) there is not follow-up deutero-problem, such as pollution, bleed, analyse salt etc.; 4) various pigment there is favorable compatibility, so that at its surperficial further drawn picture.
At present in practice, the bonding and reinforcement material of filling up commonly used mainly uses two kinds of materials, i.e. cement material and organic resin macromolecular material are as filling and binding material.Cement material resists moist ability owing to fill up bonding and reinforcement intensity anti-aging reaching high, that have excellence, has obtained widespread use.But a large amount of scientific research and case histories prove that materials such as modern cement material and traditional masonry are incompatible, can badly damaged masonry material like the water-soluble salt in the cement.Secondly, in a single day cement works goes wrong, and it is repaired once more also is difficulty very, some or even impossible.And macromolecular material (like epoxy resin) is bigger with the physicochemical property difference of masonry material; Much more serious compatibility issues have appearred in practice, show as mainly that intensity is too high, embrittlement, ageing products are different fully with the body that quilt is repaired, do not absorb water, airtight.
Therefore, the Recent study personnel have invested traditional lime material and traditional technology to sight again.Traditional architecture itself once adopted lime class material in a large number, had an advantage so the use of lime material is natural aspect compatible.But; The tradition lime material is compared with modern materials such as cement, epoxy resin; Still exist to solidify slow, intensity is low, shrink problems such as big, that water tolerance is relatively poor, cause bonding, fill up and the protection effect of reinforcing unsatisfactory, particularly change under the environment greatly in humidity or humidity.Therefore do not meet the requirement of practice of construction.
In recent years, the hydraulic stone putty material begins to receive day by day people's attention as the type material in a kind of landmark protection.For example, 1994-1998, " the hydraulic lime investigation of materials in the landmark protection " subsidized in German federal environmental protection foundation (DBU), and this research shows that hydraulic lime has broad application prospects in landmark protection field.Referring to G.Struebel, K.Kraus, O.Kuhl&T.Dettmering (1998): Hydraulische Kalkefuer die Denkpflege (the hydraulic lime research of landmark protection), IFS-Bericht.But also there are a lot of deficiencies in the research of aspects such as the concrete prescription of hydraulic stone putty material and construction technology, in practice of construction, still has a lot of problems.
Therefore, at present people need in a hurry a kind of have good, ageing-resistant with the bulk material compatibility, have good workability, intensity is moderate, the filling and binding material composition that is used for masonry matter historical relic and historical building of characteristics such as applied widely.
Summary of the invention
Deficiency in view of prior art; The invention provides a kind of filling and binding material composition; It is based on the combination of hydraulic lime, aggregate (for example lime rock dust) and various auxiliary agents; Thereby make various desired properties reach preferable balance, thereby make said composition have compatible good and moderate, the advantages such as intensity is moderate, good weatherability of modern material curing speeds such as cement, polymer of traditional lime material concurrently.
Specifically, first technical scheme of the present invention provides a kind of filling and binding material composition, comprising:
Weight ratio is the natural hydraulic lime of 20-55%;
Weight ratio is the aggregate of 40-78%;
Weight ratio is the polymer emulsion powder of 0.01-2%;
Weight ratio is the thixotroping lubricant of 0.01-2%;
Weight ratio is the water-retaining admixture of 0-2%;
Weight ratio is the wood fibre of 0-2%.
Normally a kind of solid powder mixture of filling and binding material composition of the present invention.(and the weight ratio of back literary composition is based on that the gross weight (dry weight) of compsn calculates to above weight ratio unless otherwise).
Filling and binding material composition of the present invention with water as main solidifying agent, so need mix with a certain proportion of water in use.Therefore; Another technical scheme of the present invention provides a kind of and has been used to build or rock mass seals/fill up the water-based mortar that bonding and reinforcement is repaired; Its filling and binding material composition and water by first technical scheme of the present invention mixes; Wherein the weight of water is 10-50 with respect to the ratio (wc) of the dry weight of filling and binding material composition: 100, and 10-40 preferably: 100,15-30 more preferably: 100.
Another technical scheme of the present invention provides a kind of method that is used for bulk material is sealed/fills up bonding and reinforcement, comprising:
Step 1) selects the material similar with bulk material to carry out fragmentation, mill, sieve, as aggregate;
Step 2) according to proportioning, various starting material to be weighed, said starting material comprise at least:
Weight ratio is the natural hydraulic lime of 20-55%;
Weight ratio is the aggregate of 40-78%;
Weight ratio is the polymer emulsion powder of 0.01-2%;
Weight ratio is the thixotroping lubricant of 0.01-2%;
Weight ratio is the water-retaining admixture of 0-2%;
Weight ratio is the wood fibre of 0-2%;
Step 3) is mixed the various starting material of stirring, makes it even;
Step 4) is added water in the mixture of step 3) gained, stir to obtain mortar, and the weight ratio of wherein said mixture and water is 100: (10-50); Preferably 100: (10-40), more preferably 100: (15-30);
Step 5) utilizes step 4) gained mortar that bulk material is sealed/fill up bonding and reinforcement.
Preparation of sealing binding material composition of the present invention only needs each component simply mixed in proportion and get final product, in case of necessity can be before mixing, afterwards or simultaneously each component is carried out fragmentation, mills, sieved.Said composition can promptly be joined promptly and used; Also can mix in advance as the Preblend stored for future use; Also can major ingredient (hydraulic lime and lime rock dust) and auxiliary material (various auxiliary agent) be stored respectively separately, remix arrives together when to be used.
After preparing filling and binding material composition, it is mixed with a certain proportion of water, form mortar, construct, treat that its spontaneous curing gets final product according to the bonding and reinforcement technology of filling up of standard.Perhaps, also can earlier some component of filling and binding material composition be mixed with water earlier, add other component more successively, mix and directly obtain mortar, construct then.Concrete construction technology is following usually:
Step 1) cleans need construction place body, and the method for cleaning can be selected different cleaning methods for use according to field condition, body pollution condition, makes the body surface that needs construction not have greasy dirt, clean etc.;
Step 2) the body airing 24h after the cleaning;
Step 3) with filling and binding material composition and water as requested ratio mix, stir;
Step 4) need be filled up the agglutinating body or fill up the top layer, cracking place (sealing) that needs the perfusion body with the mortar bonding that mixes.
Filling and binding material composition of the present invention and water-based mortar can be widely used in masonry historical relic, building, rock mass repairerment, protection, processing (comprise seal, fill up bonding and reinforcement, or directly use as common adhesive), have that intensity is moderate, curing speed is moderate, lowly shrink, ventilative and base material has good physical chemistry affinity, do not contain advantages such as harmful water-soluble salt, good weatherability, high life.
Embodiment
1. material
China's building materials are the air hardening lime material with building the used lime of Ministry of worker's door most at present, and it is by more 800～1000 ℃ of air-setting materials that high-temperature calcination forms of lime rock warp of carbonated calcium.If the ls raw material medium clay soil matter content that calcining is adopted is greater than 8% (like the argillo Wingdale); In the calcareous material that then burns till except that CaO; Also contain compounds such as more Calucium Silicate powder, calcium aluminate and iron calcium aluminate, this type calcareous material is called the hydraulic stone putty material.
Hydraulic stone putty material used among the present invention mainly refers to natural hydraulic lime." natural hydraulic lime " (Natural Hydraulic Limes among the European standard EN459-1:2002; NHL) clear and definite definition is arranged: calcining contains certain amount of clay or silicious ls after pulverize or without the powder of milling, clearing up and forming; All natural hydraulic limes all have the hydraulicity, and Carbon Dioxide in Air also has promoter action to sclerosis.Natural hydraulic lime is a kind of natural inorganic material, has the advantage of lime and cement concurrently, has characteristics such as low contraction, salt tolerant, moderate resistance to compression and folding strength, low water-soluble salt content.
Natural hydraulic lime used among the present invention can (for example be bought according to method preparation well known in the art or through commercial sources; From the German HESSLER KALKWERKEGMBH obtainable NHL 2 of company, perhaps from French St Astier obtainable NHL 5 of company etc.Typical natural hydraulic lime can comprise following chemical constitution:
Weight ratio is the calcium hydroxide Ca (OH) of 40-60%
2
Weight ratio is the tricalcium silicate 3CaOSiO of 1-5%
2
Weight ratio is the Dicalcium Phosphate (Feed Grade) 2CaOSiO of 20-35%
2
Weight ratio is the tricalcium aluminate 3CaOAl of 3-5%
2O
3
And the impurity of surplus.
The weight ratio of natural hydraulic lime in filling and binding material composition of the present invention is generally more than or equal to 20%, for example more than or equal to 21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36%; This weight ratio is generally less than or equals 60%, for example is less than or equal to 59,58,57,56,55,54,53,52,51,50,49,48,47,46,45,44%.
Used aggregate is used to gain in strength and improve curing among the present invention, and helps to reduce hydration heat, reduces and shrink.In a technical scheme; Aggregate is and the same or analogous material powder of bulk material (for example being used to reinforce the filling and binding material composition selection of rock mass and wait to reinforce the identical building stones powder of rock mass as aggregate) or ls powder (it is lime carbonate that natural hydraulic lime solidifies the back staple, roughly the same with the ls composition) or the two mixture (the for example mixture of bulk material powder and ls powder).
Used ls is meant with lime carbonate to be that chief component, other foreign matter content are less than 10% natural rock usually among the present invention, comprises calcite, marble, chalk, dolomitic limestone, muddy limestone etc.
Among the present invention used ls powder be by ls through broken, mill, sieve the powder that forms, its median size (d) is less than about 1mm usually.The ls powder can be divided into meal (d is between about 0.5-1mm), fine powder (d is between about 0.2-0.5mm), impalpable powder (d＜0.2mm) by its median size (d).The preferred ls powder that uses among the present invention is formulated by a certain percentage by meal, fine powder, impalpable powder; For example the weight ratio of meal, fine powder, impalpable powder is being made an appointment with (0.1-1): 1: in the scope (0.1-1); Perhaps at about (0.2-0.5): 1: in the scope (0.3-0.7), perhaps at about (0.3-0.4): 1: in the scope (0.4-0.6).Concrete ratio also depends on the construction needs, and for example the rimala bonding and reinforcement only uses impalpable powder as aggregate usually.The weight ratio of aggregate in filling and binding material composition of the present invention is generally more than or equal to 40%, for example more than or equal to 41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60%; This weight ratio is generally less than or equals 80%, for example is less than or equal to 79,78,77,76,75,74,73,72,71,70,69,68,67,66,65,64,63,62,61,60%.
From its chemical structure analysis; The hydraulic stone putty material combines the main ingredient as filling and binding material with aggregate; Should can satisfy the basic demand of intensity, material compatibility, aspect such as ageing-resistant basically; But the two simple combination also can't satisfy the requirement of practice of construction, especially numerous particular requirements in historical relic's protection field; Therefore for the processing property of improving compsn to adapt to the needs of construction, except that the natural hydraulic lime and aggregate that must add, also need in filling and binding material composition, use various auxiliary agents usually.Usual auxiliaries is of a great variety, performance is different, select to be fit to the suitable adjuvants combination that the present invention uses, and also needs a large amount of, complicated and creationary experiment to screen.The contriver is through painstaking efforts, and finishing screen has been selected proper auxiliary agent and prescription, has accomplished the present invention.Auxiliary agent used in this invention comprises polymer emulsion powder, water-retaining admixture, thixotroping lubricant, water reducer, anticracking material, skimmer, pigment etc.These auxiliary agents are described respectively below.
Polymer emulsion powder is mainly used in force of cohesion, cohesion and the snappiness that improves filling and binding material.Usually can use all kinds of redispersible polymer latex powder commonly used in the building concrete mortar among the present invention.These redispersible polymer latex powder are conventionally known to one of skill in the art; For example " polymer cement waterproof mortar ", Shen Chunlin chief editor, Chemical Industry Press; In September, 2007 first version; ISBN 978-7-122-00842-8 (hereinafter to be referred as " document 1 ") 96-137 page or leaf and " building function mortar ", Zhang Xiong, Zhang Yongjuan chief editor, Chemical Industry Press; In June, 2006 first version, ISBN 7-5035-8567-2 (hereinafter to be referred as " document 2 ") 73-84 page or leaf has itemized the trade names of the kind of redispersable latex powder, various redispersable latex powders commonly used, has specifically formed and performance.Those skilled in the art can select according to concrete construction requirement.Have been found that effect is good especially when using the redispersible polymer latex powder that is selected from ethane-acetic acid ethyenyl (EVA) type latex powder, vinyl acetate-tertiary monocarboxylic acid ethene (VeOVa) type latex powder and polyacrylic ester (PAE) latex powder in the present invention.Business-like polymer emulsion powder product comprises
FX7000 product of for example national starch company; (vinylbenzene and Yodo Sol GH 28) and BASF; (BASF)
S 430P; (vinylbenzene and Yodo Sol GH 28) etc.Polymer emulsion powder addition among the present invention is pressed the compsn dry weight basis, is less than or equal to 2% usually, preferably is less than or equal to 1.2%, is more preferably less than or equals 1.0%.Acceptable initial adhesion intensity is provided when fully not solidifying for the initial stage hydraulic lime after filling and binding material is used; The consumption of polymer emulsion powder (dry weight basis) must be more than or equal to 0.01%; Be preferably greater than or equal 0.02%; More preferably more than or equal to 0.05%, most preferably more than or equal to 0.10%.
In addition, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that when practical application, also can directly use polymer emulsion to replace polymer emulsion powder to serve the same role.In this case, the consumption of polymer emulsion calculates according to the consumption of its solids content with reference to polymer emulsion powder of the present invention.
Another must auxiliary agent be the thixotroping lubricant in the present composition.The thixotroping lubricant is known in fields such as building mortar, concrete.For example document 1 188-192 page or leaf has provided definition, classification, purposes and the performance etc. of thixotroping lubricant.Usually, the thixotroping lubricant is meant with the smectite to be the lamellar aluminosilicate material of staple, and the document that also has simply is referred to as polynite or wilkinite.The chemical constitution that it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that smectite can usually be expressed as: E
x(H
2O)
4{ (Al
2-x, Mg
x)
2[(Si, Al)
4O
10] (OH)
2, wherein E is the interlayer exchangeable cation, is mainly Na
+, Ca
2+, K
+, Li
+Deng, x is the layer charge number of E as monovalent cation time unit chemical formula, generally between 0.2～0.6.
Reversible can take place and change in unique laminate structure of thixotroping lubricant when receiving shearing force, thereby in mortar, plays the effect of lubricant, has improved the workability of mortar, has improved mortar stability and sag resistance.According to concrete construction requirement, those skilled in the art can select suitable commercial thixotroping lubricant product, comprise through inorganic modified or organically-modified wilkinite.Commercial products include, for example ROCKWOOD company
series products (for example,
987) and Elementis company
or
series products.Press the compsn dry weight basis, the consumption of the thixotroping lubricant among the present invention is less than or equal to 2% usually, preferably is less than or equal to 1.5%, is more preferably less than or equals 1.0%.The consumption (dry weight basis) of the consumption of the thixotroping lubricant among the present invention is generally more than or equal to 0.01%, is preferably greater than or equals 0.02%, more preferably more than or equal to 0.05%, most preferably more than or equal to 0.10%.
Water-retaining admixture is used to prevent that dry powder from adding the mixed laminated segregation of water, bleeding, prolongs the engineering time, also possibly prevent the defectives such as crack that the setting up period moisture evaporation causes too soon in addition.Usually can use all kinds of known water-retaining admixture commonly used in the building concrete mortar among the present invention, for example document 1 138-149 page or leaf and document 2 84-89 pages or leaves and various ether of cellulose, the starch ethers mentioned.Ether of cellulose is best suited for the water-keeping thickening material that the present invention uses.Preferably use the lower ether of cellulose of viscosity in the cementing compositions of the present invention filling up; For example methyl cellulose ether (MC), methylethyl cellulose ether (MHEC) and hydroxymethyl-propyl cellulose ether (MHPC) etc., business-like product comprise
MHPC 500PF or
C9101 of methyl cellulose ether (for example MC500) that Heda Co., Ltd, Shandong for example produces and He Ke man of great strength (Hercules) company production etc.Press the compsn dry weight basis, the consumption of water-retaining admixture is less than or equal to 2% usually, preferably is less than or equal to 1.5%, is more preferably less than or equals 1%.Can not contain water-retaining admixture in the compsn, promptly consumption is 0%; But preferably, the consumption of water-retaining admixture is more than or equal to 0.01%, for example more than or equal to 0.02%, and more than or equal to 0.05%, or more than or equal to 0.10%.
When needing, can add anticracking material in the compsn of the present invention.Anticracking material is mainly used in the splitting resistance that improves material, and its random being evenly distributed in the compsn is lowered the contraction of material in solidification process.The anticracking material that the present invention uses can be wood fibre; This material for example can extract from the wood pulp of beech and these two kinds of trees of cold shirt; It is through shredding, neutralize, bleach, roll, and the xylogen in the wood pulp and semicellulose separated fully obtains.Wood fibre can play splitting resistance, reduce and shrink, resist effects such as hanging, prolong the engineering time from above.Document 1 245-250 has also enumerated the performance and the characteristics of various wood fibres, and those skilled in the art can select for use as required.Be suitable for the 150-2 product of the for example national starch of business-like product of the present invention company and
FD40 of German JRS company etc.
P803 of Germany MUNZING-CHEMIE company and the 2052DL of STRUKTOL company etc.; Press the compsn dry weight basis; The consumption of skimmer is less than or equal to 2% usually; Preferably be less than or equal to 1.5%, be more preferably less than or equal 1%.Also can not contain skimmer in the compsn, promptly consumption is 0%; But preferably, its consumption is more than or equal to 0.01%, for example more than or equal to 0.02%, and more than or equal to 0.05%, or more than or equal to 0.10%.
When needing, can add water reducer in the compsn of the present invention.The basic function of water reducer is the water requirement that reduce to form mortar, to avoid because adverse consequencess such as segregation that amount of water causes too greatly and bleedings.Usually can use in the building concrete mortar all kinds of known water reducer commonly used among the present invention, for example all kinds of water reducers mentioned of document 1 158-175 page or leaf.Preferred melamine class water reducer and the polycarboxylic acids dehydragent of using among the present invention; For example
F10 (a kind of melamine class water reducer) of
2651F (a kind of polycarboxylic acids dehydragent) of BASF (BASF) and BASF,
F15 (a kind of melamine class water reducer), press the compsn dry weight basis with the addition of common wood fibre; Usually be less than or equal to 2%; Preferably be less than or equal to 1.5%; Be more preferably less than or equal 1%; Preferably be less than or equal to 0.8%.Also can not contain wood fibre in the compsn, promptly consumption is 0%; But preferably, its consumption is more than or equal to 0.01%, for example more than or equal to 0.02%, and more than or equal to 0.05%, or more than or equal to 0.10%.
Thereby skimmer can prevent mortar and in whipping process, produce the wet processes that bubble improves powder.In addition, skimmer can also prevent that mortar from producing bubble in construction process, thus improve mortar ultimate compression strength, prevent that defective from appearring in the mortar surface.Can use various conventional surfactants as skimmer, for example the various skimmers mentioned of document 1 187-188 page or leaf and document 2 101-102 pages or leaves.What the present invention preferably selected for use is the skimmer of alcohols, for example reaches the C-SP water reducer (a kind of polycarboxylic acids dehydragent) of France's love gloomy (SNF) etc.The consumption of water reducer depends on ambient moisture strongly, and its consumption can be definite through testing according to actual needs by the technician.But, generally, press the compsn dry weight basis, the consumption of water reducer is less than or equal to 2% usually, particularly is less than or equal to 1.5%, preferably is less than or equal to 1%; Its consumption can be more than or equal to 0.01%, for example more than or equal to 0.05%, or more than or equal to 0.10%.Also can not contain water reducer in the compsn, promptly consumption is 0%.
In addition, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that: auxiliary agents such as pigment, frostproofer can optionally add, and their consumptions separately are less than or equal to 5% usually, preferably are less than or equal to 3%, are more preferably less than or equal 2%, are more preferably less than or equal 1%.Also can not contain this analog assistant in the compsn, promptly consumption is 0%.
Above-named material, composition are not exhaustive.In addition; According to actual needs; Can contain various other materials in the filling and binding material composition of the present invention, for example be used to strengthen intensity thomel, be used for the instead of part aggregate volcanical ash, be used to simulate technology in ancient times sticky rice syrup, be used for the cement of instead of part hydraulic lime, as the inert packing (like the polymer organic resin) of loss of weight etc.Usually these other materials are not regarded as auxiliary agent in the art, but are regarded as the subsidiary material composition of mortar, and its content can be higher.Look the construction needs, the weight content of these fillers in filling up cementing compositions can be less than or equal to 30 usually up to 40%, preferably is less than or equal to 20%, is more preferably less than or equals 10%; This content for example can be more than or equal to 0.1%, or more than or equal to 1%, or more than or equal to 2%, or more than or equal to 5%.The weight content of subsidiary material can be 0%.
2. performance test
For the test material performance, the following performance of filling and binding material combination of the present invention is tested: denseness, time of coagulation etc.In addition the material property after solidifying is also tested, being comprised: intensity (ultimate compression strength, folding strength, backfin ratio, shearing resistance, pull strength), water-absorbent, ventilation property (carbonation depth), thermal expansivity.
Mobile: as to measure according to " sand-cement slurry degree of mobilization measuring method---GB/T2419-2005 ".
Time of coagulation: measure according to " building mortar basic performance tests method---JGJ70-90 ".
Resistance to compression and folding strength: measure according to " Test method for strength of hydraulic cement mortar---GB/T17671-1999 ".
Bonding and reinforcement intensity is sealed in stretching: measure according to " the construction work facing tile seals bonding and reinforcement ruggedness test standard---JGJ110-97 ".
Shrinkage value: measure according to " cement mortar dry shrinkage test method---JC/T603-2004 ".
Thermal expansivity: measure according to " industrial ceramics linear expansivity TP---GB/T16535-1996 ".
Water-intake rate: measure according to " building mortar basic performance tests method JGJ70-90 ".
3. specific examples and Comparative Examples
3.1. filling and binding material composition and mortar instance 1, Comparative Examples 1
| Component | Component source and product grade | Instance 1 consumption | Comparative Examples 1 consumption |
| Natural hydraulic lime | The Germany HESSLER NHL of company 2 | 35％ | 35％ |
| Lime rock dust (thick 0.5-0.7mm) | Take from working-yard massif rock | 20％ | 20％ |
| Lime rock dust (thin 0.2-0.5mm) | Take from working-yard massif rock | 35％ | 35％ |
| The lime rock dust (superfine＜0.2mm) | Take from working-yard massif rock | 8.5％ | 8.7％ |
| Re-dispersible latex powder of acrylic acid | National starch FX7000 | 0.5％ | 0.5％ |
| Water reducer | Basf F10 | 0.1％ | 0.1％ |
| Ether of cellulose | Hercules C9101 | 0.2％ | 0.2％ |
| The thixotroping lubricant | Elementis BENTON?E-OC | 0.2％ | 0％ |
| Wood fibre | JRS Arbocel?FD40 | 0.5％ | 0.5％ |
Take by weighing each component in the said ratio of last table, mix and to obtain filling and binding material composition instance 1 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 1.
In order to carry out performance test,, form mortar instance 1 with said composition instance 1 and mixed, the stirring of water according to 100: 16.This mortar is suitable for filling up bonding and reinforcement greater than the slit of 10mm.Simultaneously, the wc of employing 0.15 obtains mortar Comparative Examples 1 from composition comparative examples 1.
3.2. filling and binding material composition and mortar instance 2, Comparative Examples 2
| Component | Component source and product grade | Instance 2 consumptions | Comparative Examples 2 consumptions |
| Natural hydraulic lime | The Germany HESSLER NHL of company 2 | 25％ | 25％ |
| Lime rock dust (thick 0.5-0.7mm) | Take from working-yard massif rock | 12％ | 12％ |
| Lime rock dust (thin 0.2-0.5mm) | Take from working-yard massif rock | 40％ | 40％ |
| The lime rock dust (superfine＜0.2mm) | Take from working-yard massif rock | 21.5％ | 21.7％ |
| Re-dispersible latex powder of acrylic acid | National starch FX7000 | 0.5％ | 0.5％ |
| Water reducer | Basf F10 | 0.1％ | 0.1％ |
| Ether of cellulose | Hercules C9101 | 0.2％ | 0％ |
| The thixotroping lubricant | Elementis BENTONE-OC | 0.2％ | 0.2％ |
| Wood fibre | JRS Arbocel?FD40 | 0.5％ | 0.5％ |
Take by weighing each component in the said ratio of last table, mix and to obtain filling and binding material composition instance 2 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 2.
In order to carry out performance test,, form mortar instance 2 with said composition instance 2 and mixed, the stirring of water according to 100: 23.This mortar is suitable for the medium slit of 3-10mm and fills up bonding.Simultaneously, the wc of employing 0.21 obtains mortar Comparative Examples 2 from composition comparative examples 2.
3.3. filling and binding material mortar instance 3, Comparative Examples 3
| Component | Component source and product grade | Instance 3 consumptions | Comparative Examples 3 consumptions |
| Natural hydraulic lime | The Germany HESSLER NHL of company 2 | 49.3％ | 49.3％ |
| The lime rock dust (superfine＜0.2mm) | Take from working-yard massif rock | 48.8％ | 49.8％ |
| Re-dispersible latex powder of acrylic acid | National starch FX7000 | 1％ | 0％ |
| The thixotroping lubricant | Elementis BENTONE-OC | 0.2％ | 0.2％ |
| Ether of cellulose | Hercules C9101 | 0.2％ | 0.2％ |
| Wood fibre | JRS Arbocel?FD40 | 0.5％ | 0.5％ |
Take by weighing each component in the said ratio of last table, mix can obtain filling and binding material composition instance 3 of the present invention and, Comparative Examples 3.
In order to carry out performance test,, form mortar instance 3 with said composition instance 3 and mixed, the stirring of water according to 100: 36.This mortar is suitable for filling up bonding less than the finedraw crack of 3mm.Simultaneously, the wc of employing 0.36 obtains mortar Comparative Examples 3 from composition comparative examples 3.
3.4. filling and binding material composition and mortar instance 4
| Component | Component source and product grade | Consumption (% or g) |
| Natural hydraulic lime | The Germany HESSLER NHL of company 2 | 25％ |
| Lime rock dust (thick 0.5-0.7mm) | Take from working-yard massif rock | 12％ |
| Lime rock dust (thin 0.2-0.5mm) | Take from working-yard massif rock | 40％ |
| The lime rock dust (superfine＜0.2mm) | Take from working-yard massif rock | 20％ |
| Re-dispersible latex powder of acrylic acid | The FX7000 of national starch | 0.5％ |
| Water reducer | The F10 of BASF AG | 0.2％ |
| The thixotroping lubricant | The BENTONE-OC of Elementis | 0.1％ |
| Ether of cellulose | The C9101 of Hercules | 0.2％ |
Take by weighing each component in the said ratio of last table, mix and to obtain the bonding and reinforcement joint filling material compsn instance 4 of filling up of the present invention.
In order to carry out performance test,, form mortar instance 4 with said composition instance 4 and mixed, the stirring of water according to 100: 21.This mortar is suitable for the medium slit of 3-10mm and seals or bonding and reinforcement.
3.5. filling and binding material composition and mortar instance 5
| Component | Component source and product grade | Consumption (% or g) |
| Natural hydraulic lime | The Germany HESSLER NHL of company 2 | 49.7％ |
| The lime rock dust (superfine＜0.2mm) | Take from working-yard massif rock, grinding forms | 49％ |
| Re-dispersible latex powder of acrylic acid | National starch FX7000 | 0.5％ |
| The thixotroping lubricant | Elementis BENTONE-OC | 0.1％ |
| Water reducer | The F10 of BASF AG | 0.2％ |
| Ether of cellulose | Hercules C9101 | 0.2％ |
Take by weighing each component in the said ratio of last table, mix and to obtain the bonding and reinforcement joint filling material compsn instance 5 of filling up of the present invention.
In order to carry out performance test,, form mortar instance 5 with said composition instance 5 and mixed, the stirring of water according to 100: 36.This mortar is suitable for sealing or bonding and reinforcement less than the finedraw crack of 3mm.
3.6. filling and binding material composition and mortar instance 6
| Component | Component source and product grade | Consumption (% or g) |
| Natural hydraulic lime | The Germany HESSLER NHL of company 2 | 35％ |
| Lime rock dust (thick 0.5-0.7mm) | Take from working-yard massif rock | 20％ |
| Lime rock dust (thin 0.2-0.5mm) | Take from working-yard massif rock | 35％ |
| The lime rock dust (superfine＜0.2mm) | Take from working-yard massif rock | 9％ |
| The acrylic acid or the like redispersable latex powder | National starch FX7000 | 0.5％ |
| The thixotroping lubricant | Elementis BENTONE-OC | 0.1％ |
| Water reducer | The F10 of BASF AG | 0.2％ |
| Ether of cellulose | Hercules C9101 | 0.2％ |
Take by weighing each component in the said ratio of last table, thorough mixing evenly can obtain the bonding and reinforcement joint filling material mortar instance 6 of filling up of the present invention.
In order to carry out performance test,, form mortar instance 6 with said composition instance 6 and mixed, the stirring of water according to 100: 16.This mortar is suitable for sealing or bonding and reinforcement greater than the slit of 10mm.
3.7. filling and binding material composition and mortar instance 7
| Component | Component source and product grade | Consumption (g) |
| Natural hydraulic lime | The Germany HESSLER NHL of company 2 | 491 |
| Lime rock dust (thick 0.5-0.7mm) | Take from working-yard massif rock | 0 |
| Lime rock dust (thin 0.2-0.5mm) | Take from working-yard massif rock | 0 |
| The lime rock dust (superfine＜0.2mm) | Take from working-yard massif rock | 489 |
| Re-dispersible latex powder of acrylic acid | National starch FX7000 | 10 |
| Water reducer | Gloomy C-SP likes in France | 1 |
| Skimmer (P803) | MUNZING-CHEMIE P803 | 2 |
| Lignocellulose | JRS FD40 | 5 |
| The thixotroping lubricant | ROCKWOOD 987 | 2 |
Take by weighing each component in the said ratio of last table, thorough mixing evenly can obtain the bonding and reinforcement joint filling material mortar instance 7 of filling up of the present invention.With said composition instance 7 and mixed, the stirring of water, form mortar instance 7 according to 100: 36.
3.8. filling and binding material composition and mortar instance 8
| Component | Component source and product grade | Consumption (g) |
| Natural hydraulic lime | The Germany HESSLER NHL of company 2 | 350 |
| Lime rock dust (thick 0.5-0.7mm) | Take from working-yard massif rock | 120 |
| Lime rock dust (thin 0.2-0.5mm) | Take from working-yard massif rock | 350 |
| The lime rock dust (superfine＜0.2mm) | Take from working-yard massif rock | 157 |
| Re-dispersible latex powder of acrylic acid | National starch FX7000 | 10 |
| Water reducer | Gloomy C-SP likes in France | 3 |
| Skimmer (P803) | MUNZING-CHEMIE P803 | 3 |
| Lignocellulose | JRS FD40 | 3 |
| The thixotroping lubricant | ROCKWOOD 987 | 2 |
Take by weighing each component in the said ratio of last table, thorough mixing evenly can obtain the bonding and reinforcement joint filling material mortar instance 8 of filling up of the present invention.With said composition instance 8 and mixed, the stirring of water, form mortar instance 8 according to 100: 16.
4. The performance test results
Above listed instance and Comparative Examples are experimentized by " 2. performance test " part respectively, and the gained test result is as shown in the table.
Table 1
*
| The instance code name | Denseness (mm) | Wc | Cohesive strength (28d) | Ultimate compression strength (28d) | Folding strength (28d) |
| Instance 1 | 60 | 0.16 | 0.3MPa | 5.2MPa | 2.5MPa |
| Comparative Examples 1 | 60 | 0.15 | # | # | # |
| Instance 2 | 60 | 0.23 | 0.35MPa | 4.9MPa | 3.21MPa |
| Comparative Examples 2 | 60 | 0.21 | 0.27MPa | 3.8MPa | 2.9MPa |
| Instance 3 | 60 | 0.36 | 0.25MPa | 2.5MPa | 1MPa |
| Comparative Examples 3 | 60 | 0.36 | 0.12MPa | 1.6MPa | 0.3MPa |
* the curing condition (being condition of cure) of going up table is 20 ℃ of temperature, humidity 90%, 12 hour; 20 ℃ of temperature, humidity 50%, 12 hour; Circulation 28d like this.
The # mortar is used the back and serious sagging phenomenon occurred, and solidified surface is inhomogeneous, and open defect is arranged, and causes intensity data nonsensical.
Result in the table 1 shows: the cohesive strength of instance 1 and resistance to compression, folding strength excellent performance.And the mortar of instance 1 is apparent evenly, curing back surfacing, even.In contrast, the mortar of Comparative Examples 1 more serious sagging phenomenon occurred, and solidified surface is inhomogeneous, and open defect is arranged after using.This shows that Comparative Examples 1 is inappropriate for comparatively strict the sealing of the apparent requirement of solidified surface reinforced and uses.Cause this result's reason to be likely and do not use the thixotroping lubricant in the Comparative Examples 1.
Result in the table 1 shows: the cohesive strength of instance 2 and ultimate compression strength performance slightly are superior to Comparative Examples 2 (Comparative Examples 2 also belongs to scope of the present invention).The interpolation of this hint water-retaining admixture can further improve curing performance.
Result in the table 1 shows: the cohesive strength of instance 3 and anti-folding, compressive property are superior to Comparative Examples 3 greatly.This is likely because do not use polymer emulsion powder in the Comparative Examples 3, causes initial solidification intensity not high, and had influence on final strength.
In addition, measure time of coagulation, cure shrinkage property, ventilation property and the thermal expansivity of instance 1,2,3, Comparative Examples 2, all met or exceeded the requirement of practice of construction.
5. practical application
The prescription of the instance 7,8 among the present invention has been successfully applied to the protection of flower mountain, Ningming County, Guangxi cliff painting.The proprietor to the technical requirements of filling and binding material is:
(1) ultimate compression strength: 28 days: 1-5Mpa, final strength: be the 20%-100% of weathered rock, about 10-15MPa;
(2) resistance to compression is compared with folding strength :≤3;
(3) sticking power (pull strength): 0.1-0.5MPa
(4) slip resistance: 0.1-0.3MPa
(5) flowability: good thixotropy, not sagging
(6) shrink (joint filling material) :≤0.15%, the construction surface flawless;
(7) thermal expansion: be weathered rock ± 50%;
(8) ventilation property: the ventilation property of >=ls is high more good more
(9) water-absorbent: the water-absorbent property of >=ls is high more good more
(10) heat-proof aging: fine.
Concrete construction process is following:
The similar masonry material of historical building masonry material (being the rock mass materials of cliff painting) of bonding and reinforcement is selected and need be sealed to step 1);
Step 2) masonry material that chooses is carried out fragmentation, mill, screening is as aggregate;
Step 3) is weighed to various starting material according to the prescription of instance 7 or 8;
(in whipping process, constantly checked the color of mixed filling and binding material composition whether consistent in stir about 30-60 minute in the starting material input dry powder whisking appliance that step 4) will prepare according to the prescription of instance 7 or 8 with color sample.Color sample be the specified color of client keep sample or standard colour card on color; Color and color sample like filling and binding material composition are inconsistent, can adjust color through adding the inorganic oxide iron pigment different toners such as lime rock dust that pulverizing forms with lithotome);
Step 5) is weighed the filling and binding material composition that stirs, and carries out packing, then packaging seal;
Step 6) cannot be carried out pile with packaged filling and binding material composition above 6 layers requirement according to horizontal positioned pile height;
The step 7) filling and binding material composition is through after the assay was approved, outbound;
Step 8) is added tap water or is met the water of JGJ63-1998 (concrete mixing water supply standard) with suitable wc when practice of construction in the filling and binding material composition that configures, by hand or machine stir and get final product, obtain mortar;
Step 9) need be filled up the agglutinating body or fill up the cracking place (body need clean in advance, dry) that needs the perfusion body with the mortar bonding that mixes according to the relevant rules of historical relic's protection construction.
Construction results shows that filling and binding material composition of the present invention meets above-mentioned technical requirements fully, and also meets the relevant job specifications requirement of historical relic's protection engineering.Construction results also shows; Filling and binding material cohesive strength of the present invention, ultimate compression strength and folding strength performance obviously are superior to proprietor's requirement; The bonding and reinforcement joint filling material linear expansivity performance of filling up of the present invention in addition obviously is superior to the traditional cement material, and have low water solubility salt and aging after advantages such as material and base material be similar basically.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the bonding and reinforcement joint filling material compsn of filling up of the present invention not only is applicable to the historical relic's protection engineering, but can be applied to the wider fields such as decoration of various building maintenances, indoor and outdoor metope.
Enumerated the optional material of various components in the specification sheets of the present invention; But those skilled in the art should understand that: enumerating of said components material is also nonrestrictive; Also non exhaustive property; Various components can replace with the equivalent material of not mentioning in other specification sheets of the present invention, and still can realize the object of the invention.The specific examples of being mentioned in the specification sheets also is only to play purpose of explanation, rather than in order to limit scope of the present invention.
In addition, any lower limit that the amount ranges of each component of the present invention comprises in the specification sheets being mentioned and the arbitrary combination of the upper limit arbitrarily, any range that the concrete content that also comprises this component in each specific embodiment constitutes as the upper limit or lower limit combination; All these scopes all contain within the scope of the invention, and just in order to save space, these scopes that combine are not enumerated in specification sheets one by one.In addition; Each components contents scope of the present invention is separately independently; Any content range of each component can make up with any content range of other component; All these technical schemes that combine are that these technical schemes that combine are not enumerated in specification sheets one by one in order to save space equally within the scope of the invention.Can be illustrated book because of these technical schemes that combine or content range clearly mentions and it is regarded as exceeding outside the scope of the invention.The concrete content of each component can be regarded as the upper limit or the lower limit of its content range in the specific examples, is used for limiting the content range of clearly not mentioning at specification sheets.The preferable amount of each component and preferred kind can be combined with the preferable amount and the preferred kind of other any component, and this combination is also all in open scope of the present invention; Just in order to save space, these scopes that combine are not enumerated in specification sheets one by one.
Claims (11)
1. a filling and binding material composition is characterized in that, comprising:
Weight ratio is the natural hydraulic lime of 20-55%;
Weight ratio is the aggregate of 40-78%;
Weight ratio is the polymer emulsion powder of 0.01-2%;
Weight ratio be 0.01-2% be that the lamellar aluminosilicate material of staple is as the thixotroping lubricant with the smectite;
Weight ratio is that the ether of cellulose of 0-2% is as water-retaining admixture;
Weight ratio is the wood fibre of 0-2%.
2. compsn according to claim 1 is characterized in that, it is characterized in that, described polymer emulsion powder is selected from ethane-acetic acid ethyenyl class latex powder, vinyl acetate-tertiary monocarboxylic acid vinyl latex powder and polyacrylic ester latex powder.
3. compsn according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the rigid lime of described natural water comprises:
Weight ratio is the calcium hydroxide Ca (OH) of 40-60%
2
Weight ratio is the tricalcium silicate 3CaOSiO of 1-5%
2
Weight ratio is the Dicalcium Phosphate (Feed Grade) 2CaOSiO of 20-35%
2
Weight ratio is the tricalcium aluminate 3CaOAl of 3-5%
2O
3
Impurity with surplus.
4. compsn according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described aggregate staple is CaCO
3, CaCO
3Content at 90%-100%.
5. compsn according to claim 1 and 2, wherein said aggregate are and bulk material identical materials powder.
6. compsn according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described water-retaining admixture is selected from methyl cellulose ether, methylethyl cellulose ether and hydroxymethyl-propyl cellulose ether.
7. compsn according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the weight ratio of said wood fibre is 0.01-1%.
8. compsn according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described aggregate staple is CaCO
3, CaCO
3Content at 90%-100%.
9. compsn according to claim 3, wherein said aggregate are and bulk material identical materials powder.
10. a mortar that is used to seal/fill up bonding and reinforcement is mixed by each described compsn and water among the claim 1-9, and wherein the weight ratio of water and said compsn is at 10-40: in 100 the scope.
11. a method that is used for bulk material is sealed/fills up bonding and reinforcement comprises:
Step 1) selects the material similar with bulk material to carry out fragmentation, mill, sieve, as aggregate;
Step 2) according to proportioning, various starting material to be weighed, said starting material comprise at least:
Weight ratio is the natural hydraulic lime of 20-55%;
Weight ratio is the aggregate of 40-78%;
Weight ratio is the polymer emulsion powder of 0.01-2%;
Weight ratio be 0.01-2% be that the lamellar aluminosilicate material of staple is as the thixotroping lubricant with the smectite;
Weight ratio is that the ether of cellulose of 0-2% is as water-retaining admixture;
Weight ratio is the wood fibre of 0-2%;
Step 3) is mixed the various starting material of stirring, makes it even;
Step 4) is added water in the mixture of step 3) gained, stir to obtain mortar, and the weight ratio of wherein said mixture and water is 100: (10-40);
Step 5) utilizes step 4) gained mortar that bulk material is sealed/fill up bonding and reinforcement.
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| WO2015134978A1 (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2015-09-11 | StoneCoat of Texas, LLC | Limestone masonry veneer, resurfacing and aesthetic overlay compositions, methods of making and methods of use |
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