CN101840215A - Hydropower station machine unit automatic generation control realization method based on PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) device - Google Patents
Hydropower station machine unit automatic generation control realization method based on PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101840215A CN101840215A CN200910214104A CN200910214104A CN101840215A CN 101840215 A CN101840215 A CN 101840215A CN 200910214104 A CN200910214104 A CN 200910214104A CN 200910214104 A CN200910214104 A CN 200910214104A CN 101840215 A CN101840215 A CN 101840215A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a hydropower station machine unit automatic generation control realization method based on a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) device, comprising the following steps of: (1) carrying out machine unit parameter identification; (2) carrying out machine unit selection; (3) carrying out machine unit dimension change; (4) carrying out machine unit queue sequencing; (5) judging patterns before and after adjustment; and (6) correcting calculation results. The invention adopts the PLC device as a hardware platform, and the control method comprises the steps of carrying out machine unit parameter identification, carrying out machine unit selection, carrying out machine unit dimension change, carrying out machine unit queue sequencing, judging patterns before and after adjustment, correcting calculation results, and the like. Compared with the traditional control method, the invention greatly reduces the difficulty, greatly reduces the cost and shortens the construction time. The invention is the convenient and practicable hydropower station machine unit automatic generation control realization method based on the PLC device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of method based on the control of PLC device realization hydropower station machine unit automatic generation, belongs to the innovative technology of hydropower station machine unit automatic generation control method.
Background technology
Automatic Generation Control (AGC control) is that power plant cooperates dispatching of power netwoks, improves one of important technical of the quality of power supply.Briefly say load curve that to be exactly power plant give according to dispatching of power netwoks or definite value in real time, distribute each unit output in the factory automatically, and accurately, carried out safely.
How full factory total load distributes to many operation units, is the decision problem of more complicated.Should accomplish quick and precisely, must meet the security constraint regulation of power plant again, also want allocation result optimization.Generally speaking, have three class security constraints to cause the unit can not adjusting arbitrarily between unloaded (zero load) to fully loaded (rated load): the one, there is vibrating area (vibrating area scope be generally rated load about 35% to 80%) in unit self, unit can not long-time running in vibrating area, otherwise can its physical construction of havoc; The 2nd, be subjected to the hydraulic structure design limit, such as the restriction of reservoir level height, such as diversion tunnel and surge shaft limit value to the unit single amplitude of accommodation to the unit peak load; The 3rd, the entire system structure, tends to the total load of these several machines is proposed requirement for restriction such as under the situation of several the shared diversion tunnels of unit to the limit value of unit load.As for optimization problem; then be when wishing that full factory adjusts; or the least possible unit passes through vibrating area; or the accumulative total of each unit adjusting number of times keeps suitable as far as possible; or cooperate shutdown the load shedding chance need be concentrated on unit or the like; and these optimization aim are conflicting often, make concrete choice under different situations.
Because the factor of influence decision-making is more, and the purpose diversification, cause algorithm to refine difficulty.In order to address this problem, often relied on the operations staff's of power plant hand computation in the past.But along with electrical network proposes more and more higher requirement to the quality of power supply, the frequency that unit is regulated also constantly increases, and operations staff's workload increases the weight of, and must adopt control automatically to deal with.
Now, the AGC program of specialized factory all is to operate on the computing machine (server) without exception, and program is used high level language.On algorithm policy, have two kinds of thinkings optional: number is less if the machine of power plant is organized a performance, and available " method of exhaustion " promptly carries out permutation and combination to all units, forms a tables of data that contains more than one hundred million records.Go out hundreds of thousands bar record according to adjusting target retrieval at every turn, again according to certain rule to every record marking, according to selecting the highest one of score wherein after the mark ordering as allocative decision; In addition, also can put out the system of equations of one group of belt restraining condition in order,, ask its optimum solution by matrix computations and iteration convergence.These disposal routes, technical sophistication is to having relatively high expectations of hardware configuration.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to consider the problems referred to above and a kind of difficulty and reducing cost significantly of can reducing significantly be provided, and shorten building time greatly realize the method for hydropower station machine unit automatic generation control based on the PLC device.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the method based on the control of PLC device realization hydropower station machine unit automatic generation of the present invention, and it includes following steps:
1) carries out the unit parameter identification;
2) carrying out unit selects;
3) carry out the unit change of scale;
4) carry out the unit queue order;
5) transfer the preceding back form of transferring to judge;
6) result of calculation verification.
Above-mentioned unit parameter identification is to screen judgement to gathering the device signal of coming, and identifies wherein bad data or doomed dead certificate, prevents the incorrect mistuning joint that causes of factor certificate.
The principle that above-mentioned unit is selected is to select according to the size of the variable capacity of unit, and big person is selected for capacity, if variable capacity equates that continue relatively to pass through the vibrating area number of times, always regulate number of times, the vibrating area number of times, always to regulate the big person of number of times selected.
Above-mentioned change of scale is rated power, vibrating area bound, the dynamic assignment of unloaded parameter quilt that makes unit, is used for follow-up accurate calculating.
Above-mentioned unit queue order is comprehensively lined up by the size of variable capacity and apart from the distance in unit vibration district.
Transferring before the above-mentioned accent back form to judge is the process of a zoning segmentation, and every unit must be between zero load and rated load, and avoids the vibrating area operation.
Aforementioned calculation verification as a result is used to judge the result of calculation correctness, whether the regulated quantity sum of each unit of verification fits like a glove with total amount, and whether the result of each unit of verification violates the limit value of constraint condition, if mistake is arranged, forbid that then result of calculation sends, guarantee the safety of AGC control.
The present invention adopts and uses the PLC device as hardware platform, include the control method of carrying out the unit parameter identification, carrying out transferring before unit is selected, carried out the unit change of scale, carries out the unit queue order, transfers steps such as back form judgement, result of calculation verification, more traditional control method has reduced difficulty significantly, cost also reduces significantly, and building time shortens.The present invention is a kind of convenient and practical method based on the control of PLC device realization hydropower station machine unit automatic generation.
Description of drawings
Hardware when Fig. 1 is applied to the natural bridge second cascade hydropower station for the present invention and network connection diagram;
Fig. 2 is the FB(flow block) of control method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment:
Hardware when the present invention is applied to the natural bridge second cascade hydropower station and network connection diagram are as shown in Figure 1, the S7-400PLC that selects Siemens Company among the figure for use is as the AGC controller, carry out ethernet communication with numerous field controllers, agreement is built-in ISO Transport.Other uses the iFix industrial configuration software to develop man-machine interface.Controller shown in Figure 1 all is Siemens S7-300PLC.
Method based on the control of PLC device realization hydropower station machine unit automatic generation of the present invention, it includes following steps:
1) carries out the unit parameter identification;
2) carrying out unit selects;
3) carry out the unit change of scale;
4) carry out the unit queue order;
5) transfer the preceding back form of transferring to judge;
6) result of calculation verification.
The present invention is to be hardware platform with the PLC device.Because PLC designs at industry spot, mechanical rotation structures such as no fan, hard disk, reliability is very high.Therefore on the reliability of hardware platform, have great advantage.On the other hand, what PLC was good at is logic control, and its mathematical processing ability is limited.If solve from the front, list one group of math equation group, carry out the optimization of belt restraining condition and find the solution, must need to carry out matrix, iteration, restrain the complex mathematical computing of this class, this is the task that impossible realize for PLC.To this, by a series of algorithm design cleverly, carry out parameter identification in succession, unit is selected and ordering, change of scale, accent before transfer that the back form is judged, result of calculation verification work, realized the target of correct calculation, optimized distribution.And complex mathematical calculated successfully be converted to a series of simple addition subtraction multiplication and division computing, make that PLC is enough to be competent at.
The core concept of control method of the present invention is " rationally simplify, divide and rule ", promptly in the face of complicated system, by suitable simplification and segmentation, it is divided into some pockets, and each regional computation rule is simple and clear, is easy to realize.
Control method of the present invention has comprised parameter identification, unit is selected and ordering, change of scale, accent before transfer processes such as back form judgement, result of calculation verification, with matrix, iteration in traditional AGC algorithm, restrain this class complex mathematical and calculate and successfully be converted to a series of simple addition subtraction multiplication and division computing, to adapt to the computing power of PLC device.
Because the power adjustments of genset directly affects the safe and stable operation of electrical network,, do not allow to occur the mistuning joint so AGC control must be taken care.Therefore, screen judgement, identify wherein bad data or doomed dead certificate, prevent the incorrect mistuning joint that causes of factor certificate gathering the device signal of coming.The main task of Here it is parameter identification.
What carry out afterwards, is the work of selecting of unit.Dispatching of power netwoks just needs the frequency of quickening to the genset adjusting in order to improve the quality of electric energy.Though this has increased the adjusting number of times, mean that also each amplitude of accommodation is little.Picking out a part from the operation unit participates in regulating, rather than all, played the effect of two aspects: one has reduced the machine number of organizing a performance in evaluation work, the complexity that just greatly reduces calculating is (because the distribution of total load between each unit is the permutation and combination relation, unit of every increase, then calculated amount just increases a geometric series); Two by selecting the optimization of strategy, just embodied the optimization of result of calculation to a certain extent.The natural bridge second cascade hydropower station has six units, two shared diversion tunnels of unit.When selecting, in two units of same tunnel, only choose one.Such six units have only three to come out to regulate at most.Should see, when the platform number of the unit that is incorporated into the power networks after a little while, the influence of this strategy is with regard to little (operation unit quantity with select quantity equate substantially), and machine is organized a performance, and then influence is big for a long time for number, but (six units all move) also can guarantee half unit participation adjusting under the opposite extreme situations.Have at least 50% unit adjustable, for electrical network, such pondage is enough.In addition, carry out because the program in the PLC device is circulation, the cycle is no more than 10 milliseconds, so the unit of being chosen changes, can not concentrate on for a long time on certain unit.
As for selecting principle, be size according to the variable capacity of unit, big person is selected for capacity.For example, No. 1 present actual the exerting oneself of unit is 50MW, and No. 2 unit is 70MW, press unit maximum output 100MW and calculate, but then No. 1 unit increase-volume amount is 50MW, can subtract capacity 50MW, and No. 2 units can increase 30MW, can subtract 70MW.Final No. 1 unit is chosen as and can increases unit, and No. 2 units are chosen as and can subtract unit.If variable capacity equates, also can continue relatively to pass through the vibrating area number of times, always regulate number of times etc., make every effort to having equal opportunities between unit.
After can increasing, can subtract unit and being selected, comprehensively line up by the size of variable capacity and apart from the distance in unit vibration district again.The principle of ordering of " able people should do more work " can effectively reduce the total adjusting number of times of full brand-name computer group, makes that final result of calculation further is tending towards optimizing.
Change of scale is a step between unit is selected and sorted.It is rough that the variable capacity that carries out when selecting calculates, and is subjected to the constraint of some restrictive conditions in the real process, and variable capacity differs and cashes fully surely.Such as, being subjected to the surge shaft capabilities limits, the disposable maximal regulated amount of separate unit unit is 50MW, then its variable capacity just can not be counted and make 70MW, and should be 50MW.So the effect of change of scale is to make parameter such as the rated power, vibrating area bound, zero load of unit by dynamic assignment, is used for follow-up accurate calculating.
Transferring the back form to judge before transferring is the process of a zoning segmentation.Every unit must be between zero load and rated load, and avoids the vibrating area operation.Total load distributes between selected unit, is mean allocation, subtracts with increasing together, still press the adjustable capacity equal proportion and distribute, or having to increase to have subtracts, evades vibrating area, and how to select is to need concrete measurement.For this reason, being big classification by 1 machine increase and decrease, the increase and decrease of 2 machines, the increase and decrease of 3 machines, is separation with zero load, critical section lower limit, vibrating area lower limit, the vibrating area upper limit, the critical section upper limit, rated power again secondly, is divided into more or less a hundred little zoning, and numbers one by one.Determine the residing zonule of current machine set of queues earlier.Be target again with the regulated quantity, which zonule is the machine set of queues after artificial analysis and judgement is regulated should be in.Artificial judgement comes down to have carried out topmost one-step optimization work.After former and later two zonules were determined, algorithm was also just fixing thereupon, and only need carry out simple addition subtraction multiplication and division computing and get final product.Transfer the back form to judge link before accent, the zonule is carefully overstepping the bounds of propriety, and then computation rule is simple more.And the selection of accent rear region is then embodying the balance of deviser to optimization principles.Work through this link can form up to a hundred computation rule.Once concrete adjusting necessarily has the computation rule can be corresponding, can obtain a result a PLC in program loop (little surpass 10 milliseconds).
At last, design a result of calculation verification link, be used to judge the result of calculation correctness.Whether the regulated quantity sum of each unit of verification fits like a glove with total amount, also has the result of each unit whether to violate the limit value of constraint condition in addition.If mistake is arranged, forbid that then result of calculation sends.Guarantee the safety of AGC control with this.
Certainly, recited above is rudimentary algorithm of the present invention.In actual applications, also need take all factors into consideration the requirement of others, therefore design the following subsidiary function:
1) preferential load shedding function: need night dip to shut down the scarce situation that disappears running into, hope be that load with particular rack continues to lower so that shut down as early as possible.If use basic control method of the present invention, may not that expect then by the unit of load shedding.For this reason, increased preferential load shedding selection function among the present invention.This function comes down to the chance of load shedding preferentially is placed on the predetermined unit;
2) same tunnel unit is taken function mutually: because tunnel of regulation once only goes out a unit and regulates at the beginning of design, this will inevitably cause some regulate dead bands (actual can reaching, but algorithm think cannot).Give one example, suppose to have only 3#, these two same tunnel units of 4# are adjustable, and both are in the vibrations district lower limit of 77MW together, owing to only go out a unit, must need a sizable increment and just can make it cross over the vibrations district, need 105MW at least, less than the refusal that then can suffer algorithm.If subtract but these two units one increase one, cooperatively interact, just can accept a small incremental, and satisfy the waterwork safe limit.Take function mutually so designed same tunnel unit, solve similar predicament;
Equal distribution function again when 3) not busy: this function is only at such situation, under terrain load curve control mode, finish when regulating, and later at least 30 minutes can not regulated (judging by load curve) again, and there is obvious deviation in the distribution of unit in the meadow at this moment, reached 220MW at full capacity such as the unit that has, the ability 180 or the 190MW that have, very near from vibrating area.At this moment, meeting of the present invention is put these units once again, make everybody from the distance of vibrating area more evenly;
4) 5#, the automatic limited load function of 6# unit: 3# tunnel band 3 units, require gross capability must not exceed 470MW (the 3rd unit rated power is 40MW).The operations staff needs according to actual conditions, puts 5#, whether 6# power of the assembling unit summation limits the 430MW sign.In case sign is put, the AGC Automatic Program makes both summation equal 430MW the power-handling capability downward modulation of 5#, 6# unit, and never goes beyond in the assurance adjustment process afterwards.If both surpass summation, and two or wherein one be the AGC unit, meeting of the present invention presses down them automatically, makes both summation equal 430MW.And after the cancellation of limit 430MW sign, the power-handling capability of 5#, 6# unit reverts to 220MW automatically;
System frequency limitation function when 5) transferring load: power plant should consider the restriction of system frequency when regulating load.The AGC procedure stipulation does not increase when frequency is higher than 50.1Hz, does not subtract when being lower than 49.9Hz;
6) outside power input bales catch removes function: scheduling to the total load of natural bridge second cascade hydropower station, is actually the total load of section, and is not only the total load of 6 units down.The present invention by with 220kV switchyard PLC communicate by letter the running status of antenna, huge line among the real-time judge 220kV.If they are hanging net operations, then line power are counted outside power input, and from full factory general objective, deduct automatically.Because the line power reading is continuous fuctuation within a narrow range, also carried out Passivation Treatment for this reason, promptly whenever deviation surpasses ± dead band of 3MW, the line power value just is refreshed once;
7) regulate the number of times statistical function: the present invention has designed the statistics of the AGC unit being regulated number of times, comprises the number of times that passes through vibrating area.The number of times statistics can be repair based on condition of component provides some parameters, also provides reference for the quality of estimating the AGC strategy.
The present invention has been used for the exploitation of natural bridge second cascade hydropower station AGC control function.In March, 2008, the AGC function formally put into operation, stable operation so far, and operational percentage remains on 100% always, has become the basic method of operation.Since formally putting into operation, every day is according to the total 288 point load curves that issue of transferring of south net, automatically regulating the meritorious of unit exerts oneself, the operations staff of power plant is freed from passing heavy adjusting operation, can save the running time more than two hours every day for the operations staff, and speed and precision that the power of the assembling unit is regulated all are better than manually greatly.
Claims (7)
1. realize the method for hydropower station machine unit automatic generation control it is characterized in that including following steps based on the PLC device for one kind:
1) carries out the unit parameter identification;
2) carrying out unit selects;
3) carry out the unit change of scale;
4) carry out the unit queue order;
5) transfer the preceding back form of transferring to judge;
6) result of calculation verification.
2. the method that realizes hydropower station machine unit automatic generation control based on the PLC device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentioned unit parameter identification is to screen judgement to gathering the device signal of coming, identify wherein bad data or doomed dead certificate, prevent the incorrect mistuning joint that causes of factor certificate.
3. the method that realizes hydropower station machine unit automatic generation control based on the PLC device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that principle that above-mentioned unit is selected is to select according to the size of the variable capacity of unit, big person is selected for capacity, if variable capacity equates, continue relatively to pass through the vibrating area number of times, always to regulate number of times, pass through the vibrating area number of times, always to regulate the big person of number of times selected.
4. the method that realizes hydropower station machine unit automatic generation control based on the PLC device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentioned change of scale is rated power, vibrating area bound, the dynamic assignment of unloaded parameter quilt that makes unit, is used for follow-up accurate calculating.
5. according to claim 1ly realize the method for hydropower station machine unit automatic generation control, it is characterized in that above-mentioned unit queue order comprehensively lines up by the size of variable capacity and apart from the distance in unit vibration district based on the PLC device.
6. the method that realizes hydropower station machine unit automatic generation control based on the PLC device according to claim 1, accent back form judges it is the process of a zoning segmentation before it is characterized in that above-mentioned accent, every unit must be between zero load and rated load, and avoids the vibrating area operation.
7. the method that realizes hydropower station machine unit automatic generation control based on the PLC device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that aforementioned calculation verification as a result is used to judge the result of calculation correctness, whether the regulated quantity sum of each unit of verification fits like a glove with total amount, whether the result of each unit of verification violates the limit value of constraint condition, if mistake is arranged, forbid that then result of calculation sends, guarantee the safety of AGC control.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106026080A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-10-12 | 华北电力大学（保定） | System and method for automatically controlling generating capacity of power plant |
| CN106056236A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-10-26 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司 | Hydropower station AGC combined output model and combined operation region calculation method |
| CN108206546A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-26 | 安德里茨（中国）有限公司 | The method that unit passes through vibrating area is adjusted in AGC system |
-
2009
- 2009-12-22 CN CN2009102141041A patent/CN101840215B/en active Active
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106056236A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-10-26 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司 | Hydropower station AGC combined output model and combined operation region calculation method |
| CN106056236B (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2019-10-01 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司 | It is a kind of towards the multimachine compositional modeling method with more Operational Zone Hydropower Units |
| CN106026080A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-10-12 | 华北电力大学（保定） | System and method for automatically controlling generating capacity of power plant |
| CN106026080B (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2019-10-22 | 华北电力大学（保定） | A kind of power generating capacity automatic control system and method |
| CN108206546A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-26 | 安德里茨（中国）有限公司 | The method that unit passes through vibrating area is adjusted in AGC system |
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| CN101840215B (en) | 2012-05-30 |
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Address after: 562400 No.1 Beijing Road, Xingyi City, Qianxinan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Guizhou Province Patentee after: TIANSHENGQIAO HYDROPOWER GENERATION Co.,Ltd. Address before: 562400 No. 1, Beijing Road, Xingyi City, Guizhou Province Patentee before: TIANSHENGQIAO POWER GENERATION GENERAL FACTORY OF PEAK LOAD AND FREQUENCY REGULATION COMPANY, CHINA SOUTHERN POWER GRID CO.,LTD. |
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