CN101837025B - Yin-yang plaster - Google Patents
Yin-yang plaster Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101837025B CN101837025B CN2009100681967A CN200910068196A CN101837025B CN 101837025 B CN101837025 B CN 101837025B CN 2009100681967 A CN2009100681967 A CN 2009100681967A CN 200910068196 A CN200910068196 A CN 200910068196A CN 101837025 B CN101837025 B CN 101837025B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- plaster
- yin
- yang
- plaster body
- white
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Abstract
The invention relates to a yin-yang plaster. The yin-yang plaster comprises a plaster body and a back lining layer, wherein the plaster body comprises matrix, bulk pharmaceutical chemicals and a percutaneous absorption promoter. The yin-yang plaster is characterized in that the plaster body consists of a yin plaster body and a yang plaster body which are mutually closed and are pasted on the backlining layer, wherein the weight ratio of the yin plaster body to a white matrix vector to growing, yin and cold kinds of the bulk pharmaceutical chemicals is 10:3; and the weight ratio of the yang plaster body to a black matrix vector to antiphlogistic, yang and hot kinds of the bulk pharmaceutical chemicals is 10:3. The white matrix vector component contains 90 to 95 percent of white matrix and5 to 10 percent of borneol; the black matrix vector component contains 90 to 95 percent of black matrix contained and 5 to 10 percent of musk; the white matrix component contains 10 percent of white oil-soluble pigment and 90 percent of medical pressure-sensitive adhesive; and the black matrix component contains 10 percent of black oil-soluble pigment and 90 percent of medical pressure-sensitive adhesive. The yin-yang plaster has a shape of two fishes in a Taiji diagram, a symmetrical double semi-circular shape or a symmetrical square shape. The yin-yang plaster has the following advantages of obvious effects of curing diseases and removing pain, and long medicament effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Dressed plaster, relate in particular to a kind of Yin-yang plaster.
Background technology
Plaster is the important dosage form of injury in the treatment in motherland's Chinese medicine, among the people long applicating history is arranged, and widely the common people accept and like.Be affixed on during use on the human body skin, reach therapeutic purposes by conduction property of medicine such as skin, acupuncture point, meridians and muscle.Press tcm theory, the human body site of pathological change is yin and yang imbalance institute extremely, but traditional plaster is all medicament mixed to be positioned over form whole shape plaster subsides on the plaster backing layer; Owing to, the monarch effect of medicament composing prescription can not be given full play to, affects the treatment by negative and positive distribution medicine.In addition, for improving the transdermal absorption factor of plaster, traditional method is to add Transdermal absorption to promote material in medicine, all contain during existing plaster pastes grow, disappears, yin, yang, tremble with fear, overabundant heat class Chinese medicine medicine, its corresponding Transdermal absorption promotes the material difference, but can only select for use a kind ofly in the practical application that whole shape plaster pastes, so its permeability improves and is restricted, and affects the treatment.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is at the problems referred to above, the cloudy plaster body of a kind of long by containing, cloudy, cold class medicine and Borneolum Syntheticum is provided and contain disappear, Yin-yang plaster that the positive plaster body of sun, hot class medicine and Moschus is used in combination, make patient's disease sites reach equilibrium between yin and yang and drug absorption is rapid, play fast and get rid of illness, the effect of lasting medicine.
Invention thought of the present invention is to abide by the balance therapy theory of the traditional Chinese medical science several thousand " YIN and YANG in a relative equilibrium ", with the crude drug of existing plaster by length, disappear, yin, yang, cold, heat classify, to grow, cloudy, cold class medicine is positioned among the cloudy plaster body, to disappear, sun, hot class medicine is positioned among the positive plaster body, cloudy plaster body is white cool plaster body, sun plaster body is a black fever plaster body, stick simultaneously by two kinds of plaster of black and white, make disease sites reach equilibrium between yin and yang, thereby play the effect that gets rid of illness fast.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of Yin-yang plaster, comprise plaster body and backing layer, the plaster body contains substrate, crude drug, Transdermal absorption promotes material, it is characterized in that described plaster body is to be made of the cloudy plaster body and the positive plaster body that recline mutually and stick on the backing layer, described substrate adopts medical pressure-sensitive adhesive, and described Transdermal absorption promotes material to adopt Borneolum Syntheticum and Moschus, and the raw material components weight ratio of described cloudy plaster body and positive plaster body is as follows:
Cloudy plaster body, white medium carrier: long, cloudy, cold class crude drug=10: 3;
Sun plaster body, black medium carrier: disappear, sun, hot class crude drug=10: 3;
Wherein:
The percentage by weight of white medium carrier raw material components is: white substrate 90-95%, Borneolum Syntheticum 5-10%;
The percentage by weight of black medium carrier raw material components is: black substrate 90-95%, Moschus 5-10%;
Wherein:
The percentage by weight of white base starting material component is: white oil color 10%, medical pressure-sensitive adhesive 90%;
The percentage by weight of black base starting material component is: black oil color 10%, medical pressure-sensitive adhesive 90%.
Described plaster body to be shaped as Diagram of the Supreme Ultimate yin, yang Pisces shape or symmetric double semicircle or symmetric double square.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: because the balance therapy theory of the traditional Chinese medical science " YIN and YANG in a relative equilibrium " is applied in the making of plaster, provide length, the moon, cold class medicine and disappear, Yin-yang plaster that sun, hot class medicine split, by sticking of two kinds of plaster bodies of yin, yang, realize the targeting of excellent drug classification infiltration, make patient's disease sites reach equilibrium between yin and yang, especially Transdermal absorption is promoted in the corresponding respectively adding yin, yang of material Borneolum Syntheticum and the Moschus plaster body, improve the drug osmotic rate, played the effect that gets rid of illness fast; Compare with traditional plaster, having gets rid of illness remove the pain effect significantly, drug effect brings into play persistent characteristics.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that the plaster of employing Diagram of the Supreme Ultimate yin, yang Pisces shape plaster body provided by the invention pastes;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the plaster of the semicircle plaster body of employing symmetric double provided by the invention pastes.
Among the figure: 1 plaster body, 11 cloudy plaster bodies, 12 positive plaster bodies, 2 backing layer, 31 cloudy plaster bodies, 32 positive plaster bodies, 4 backing layer.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples to the detailed description of the invention.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is applicable to various plaster, improves its compound mode, structure and mechanism by different processing technology, improves curative effect, below pastes and the fat-reducing ointment plaster is that example describes with the plaster that cures mainly rheumatalgia.
Following examples are that example is set forth its composition and making with the 100 raw material consumptions of forcing on all.Data in table 1 and the table 2 show the cloudy plaster body of the plaster body of forming treatment rheumatalgia plaster and fat-reducing plaster, the component ratio and the content of positive plaster body, comprising: ratio and the concrete content of forming the white medium carrier of cloudy plaster body and length, the moon, cold class crude drug; Form the black medium carrier of positive plaster body and disappear, the sun, hot class crude drug component ratio and content; Component ratio and the content of forming white medium carrier and black medium carrier; And the component ratio and the content of white substrate and black substrate.
Embodiment 1a
The structure and the composition of the plaster body of treatment rheumatalgia have been shown in the present embodiment.Fig. 1 is the structural representation that the plaster of the Diagram of the Supreme Ultimate yin, yang Pisces shape plaster body of present embodiment employing pastes; As shown in the figure, be a kind of Yin-yang plaster, comprise plaster body 1 and backing layer 2, plaster body 1 contains substrate, crude drug, Transdermal absorption promotes material, it is characterized in that above-mentioned plaster body 1 is to be made of the cloudy plaster body 11 and the positive plaster body 12 that recline mutually and stick on the backing layer 2.Above-mentioned substrate adopts medical pressure-sensitive adhesive, and Transdermal absorption promotes material to adopt Borneolum Syntheticum and Moschus.
Present embodiment plaster body is the plaster body of treatment rheumatalgia, and by weight percentage, the composition and the content of the length in its cloudy plaster body, the moon, cold class crude drug are as follows: Radix Saposhnikoviae 40-60%, Rhizoma Corydalis 40-60%; The composition and the content of disappearing in its positive plaster body, sun, hot class crude drug are as follows: Flos Carthami 20-30%, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 20-30%, Olibanum 20-30%, Myrrha 20-30%.
The actual fabrication step is as follows:
(1) data that provide according to table 1 and table 2 are got the raw materials ready;
(2) produce white substrate and black substrate; The white oil color of 41.5 grams and the medical pressure-sensitive adhesive mix homogeneously of 373.8 grams are made white substrate; The black oil color of 41.5 grams and the medical pressure-sensitive adhesive mix homogeneously of 373.8 grams are made black substrate;
(3) produce white medium carrier and black medium carrier; 415.3 white substrate of gram and 46.2 gram Borneolum Syntheticum mix homogeneously are made white medium carrier; Black substrate of 415.3 grams and 46.2 gram Moschus mix homogeneously are made black medium carrier;
(4) produce cloudy plaster body 11; Take by weighing Radix Saposhnikoviae 55.4 grams by data in the table 2, Rhizoma Corydalis 83.1 grams, adopt conventional plaster processing technology, with the white medium carrier heat fused in the step (2), adding the said medicine raw material mixes, spread out then and be coated with and lay one's hand on the type of being cut into by 100 parts, promptly the cloudy fish shape of the Diagram of the Supreme Ultimate is the cloudy plaster body of white;
(5) produce positive plaster body 12; Take by weighing Flos Carthami 27.7 grams by data in the table 2, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 41.6 grams, Olibanum 27.7 grams, Myrrha 41.6 grams adopt conventional plaster processing technology, with the black medium carrier heat fused in the step (2), add the said medicine raw material and stir, mix homogeneously spreads out then and is coated with and lays one's hand on the type of being cut into by 100 parts, be Diagram of the Supreme Ultimate sun fish shape, be black sun plaster body;
(6) cloudy plaster body 11 and the positive plaster body of producing in step (4) and the step (5) 12 reclined mutually, stick on the plaster backing layer by Diagram of the Supreme Ultimate yin, yang Pisces shape; Backing layer can adopt non-woven fabrics or PU film, promptly makes Yin-yang plaster.
Above-mentioned white oil color, black oil color and medical pressure-sensitive adhesive are commercially available product.
Embodiment 1b
The structure and the composition of the plaster body of treatment rheumatalgia have been shown in the present embodiment, and except that the data of the embodiment 1b that provides according to table 1 and table 2 were got the raw materials ready, its complementary characteristic and step were with embodiment 1a.
Embodiment 1c
The structure and the composition of the plaster body of treatment rheumatalgia have been shown in the present embodiment, and except that the data of the embodiment 1c that provides according to table 1 and table 2 were got the raw materials ready, its complementary characteristic and step were with embodiment 1a.
Using method
The cleaning disease sites sticks plaster in the affected part, to adopting the plaster of non-woven fabrics backing layer, whenever sticks 2-3 days; To adopting the plaster of PU film backing layer, whenever sticked 6-7 days; 6 paste a course of treatment.
Result of use
The main effect that this plaster pastes is a blood circulation promoting and blood stasis dispelling, and wind-expelling pain-stopping is used for the treatment of rheumatalgia.Table 3 shows its clinical application effect, from table data as can be seen, the Yin-yang plaster that cures mainly rheumatalgia pastes with existing similar whole shape plaster and compares, and can improve curative effect and shorten treatment cycle, and the drug effect performance is lasting, its comprehensive therapeutic effect can improve 30%.
Embodiment 2a
The structure and the composition of fat-reducing plaster body have been shown in the present embodiment.Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the plaster of the semicircle plaster body of symmetric double of present embodiment employing pastes; As shown in the figure, be a kind of Yin-yang plaster, comprise plaster body 3 and backing layer 4, plaster body 3 contains substrate, crude drug, Transdermal absorption promotes material, it is characterized in that above-mentioned plaster body 3 is to be made of the cloudy plaster body 31 and the positive plaster body 32 that recline mutually and stick on the backing layer.Above-mentioned substrate has adopted medical pressure-sensitive adhesive, Transdermal absorption to promote that material has adopted Borneolum Syntheticum and Moschus, above-mentioned plaster body 3 is fat-reducing plaster bodies, by weight percentage, the composition and the content of the length in its cloudy plaster body, the moon, cold class crude drug are as follows: Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei 40-60%, Fructus Crotonis 40-60%; The composition and the content of disappearing in its positive plaster body, sun, hot class crude drug are as follows: Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae 25-40%, Endothelium corneum 25-40%, Rhizoma Alismatis 25-40%.
The raw material type of present embodiment is different from the foregoing description, and it is shaped as the symmetric double semicircle, manufacturing process is removed the data of the embodiment 2a that provides according to table 1 and table 2 in the step (1) and is got the raw materials ready, and lays one's hand in the step (5) to cut to be shaped to two semicircles, and all the other steps are with embodiment 1a.
Embodiment 2b
The structure and the composition of fat-reducing plaster body have been shown in the present embodiment, and except that the data of the embodiment 2b that provides according to table 1 and table 2 were got the raw materials ready, its complementary characteristic and making step were with embodiment 2a.
Embodiment 2c
The structure and the composition of fat-reducing plaster body have been shown in the present embodiment, and except that the data of the embodiment 2c that provides according to table 1 and table 2 were got the raw materials ready, its complementary characteristic and making step were with embodiment 2a.
Using method
Plaster is sticked in fat-reducing position, acupuncture point,, whenever sticked 2-3 days adopting the plaster of non-woven fabrics backing layer; To adopting the plaster of PU film backing layer, whenever sticked 6-7 days; General 10 subsides are a course of treatment, according to patient's situation, take the circumstances into consideration increase and decrease.
Result of use
The main effect of this fat-reducing ointment plaster is spleen invigorating, dampness removing, relieving constipation, can reach fat-reducing effect.
Table 3 shows the clinical application effect of above-mentioned two embodiment, from table data as can be seen, the fat-reducing Yin-yang plaster is compared with existing similar whole shape fat-reducing ointment plaster, can improve curative effect shortening treatment cycle, and the drug effect performance is lasting, and its comprehensive therapeutic effect can improve 30%.
Table 3 Yin-yang plaster effect
| Patient's situation | Therapeutic effect | |
| The rheumatalgia plaster pastes | ||
| Embodiment 1a | Patient 30 people, age 20-60 year, male 20 people, women 10 people | 18 people stick 3-5 and paste recovery from illness; Account for 60%; Not recurring 9 people in 2-3 month sticks 5-7 and pastes pain and significantly weaken; 3 people's DeGrains. |
| Embodiment 1b | Patient 30 people, age 20-65 year, male 15 people, women 15 people | 20 people stick 3-6 and paste recovery from illness; Account for 67%; Not recurring 8 people in 2-3 month sticks 5-7 and pastes pain and significantly weaken; 2 people's DeGrains. |
| Embodiment 1c | Patient 30 people, age 25-70 year, male 13 people, women 17 people | 20 people stick 3-6 and paste recovery from illness; Account for 67%; Not recurring 8 people in 2-3 month sticks 5-7 and pastes pain and significantly weaken; 2 people's DeGrains. |
| Whole shape rheumatalgia plaster pastes | Patient 30 people, age 25-70 year, male 13 people, women 17 people | 10 people stick 3-5 and paste recovery from illness; Account for 33%; 1.5 recurrence appearred in the people in |
| The fat-reducing ointment plaster | ||
| Embodiment 2a | Patient 30 people, age 20-40 year, male 20 people, women 10 people | After 17 people stick a course of treatment, the 1.5-2.5 kilogram of losing weight; After 11 people stick a course of treatment, the 0.5-1.5 kilogram of losing weight; 2 people are invalid. |
| Embodiment 2b | Patient 30 people, age 17-42 year, male 22 people, women 8 people | After 19 people stick a course of treatment, the 1.5-2.5 kilogram of losing weight; After 7 people stick a course of treatment, the 0.5-1.5 kilogram of losing weight; 4 people are invalid. |
| Embodiment 2c | Patient 30 people, age 15-45 year, male 13 people, women 17 people | After 20 people stick a course of treatment, the 1.5-2.5 kilogram of losing weight; After 7 people stick a course of treatment, the 0.5-1.5 kilogram of losing weight; 3 people are invalid. |
| Whole shape fat-reducing ointment plaster | Patient 30 people, age 15-45 year, male 13 people, women 17 people | After 15 people stick a course of treatment, the 1-1.5 kilogram of losing weight; After 12 people stick a course of treatment, the 0.5-1 kilogram of losing weight; 3 people are invalid. |
Claims (2)
1. Yin-yang plaster, plaster body and backing layer by treatment rheumatalgia are formed, the plaster body contains substrate, crude drug, Transdermal absorption promotes material, it is characterized in that described plaster body is to be made of the cloudy plaster body and the positive plaster body that recline mutually and stick on the backing layer, described substrate adopts medical pressure-sensitive adhesive, and described Transdermal absorption promotes material to adopt Borneolum Syntheticum and Moschus, and the raw material components weight ratio of described cloudy plaster body and positive plaster body is as follows:
Cloudy plaster body, white medium carrier: long, cloudy, cold class crude drug=10: 3;
Sun plaster body, black medium carrier: disappear, sun, hot class crude drug=10: 3;
Wherein:
Component and percentage by weight long, cloudy, cold class crude drug are: Radix Saposhnikoviae 40-60%, Rhizoma Corydalis 40-60%;
Disappear, the sun, hot class crude drug component and percentage by weight be: Flos Carthami 20-30%, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 20-30%, Olibanum 20-30%, Myrrha 20-30%;
The percentage by weight of white medium carrier raw material components is: white substrate 90-95%, Borneolum Syntheticum 5-10%;
The percentage by weight of black medium carrier raw material components is: black substrate 90-95%, Moschus 5-10%;
Wherein:
The percentage by weight of white base starting material component is: white oil color 10%, medical pressure-sensitive adhesive 90%;
The percentage by weight of black base starting material component is: black oil color 10%, medical pressure-sensitive adhesive 90%.
2. Yin-yang plaster according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described plaster body to be shaped as Diagram of the Supreme Ultimate yin, yang Pisces shape or symmetric double semicircle or symmetric double square.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100681967A CN101837025B (en) | 2009-03-20 | 2009-03-20 | Yin-yang plaster |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100681967A CN101837025B (en) | 2009-03-20 | 2009-03-20 | Yin-yang plaster |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101837025A CN101837025A (en) | 2010-09-22 |
| CN101837025B true CN101837025B (en) | 2011-10-05 |
Family
ID=42740861
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100681967A Active CN101837025B (en) | 2009-03-20 | 2009-03-20 | Yin-yang plaster |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101837025B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110559130A (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2019-12-13 | 安徽美邸康药业有限公司 | Temperature-controlled plaster |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1145794A (en) * | 1995-09-20 | 1997-03-26 | 金建文 | Navel applying slimming plaster |
| CN1424024A (en) * | 2001-10-23 | 2003-06-18 | 罗明新 | External used paste for orthopedic diseases |
| CN1857541A (en) * | 2006-03-15 | 2006-11-08 | 刘少华 | Plaster for treating rheumatism and osteoarthrosis |
-
2009
- 2009-03-20 CN CN2009100681967A patent/CN101837025B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1145794A (en) * | 1995-09-20 | 1997-03-26 | 金建文 | Navel applying slimming plaster |
| CN1424024A (en) * | 2001-10-23 | 2003-06-18 | 罗明新 | External used paste for orthopedic diseases |
| CN1857541A (en) * | 2006-03-15 | 2006-11-08 | 刘少华 | Plaster for treating rheumatism and osteoarthrosis |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101837025A (en) | 2010-09-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101745065B (en) | Pharmaceutical composition with effects of resisting cancer and alleviating pain | |
| CN102743540A (en) | Combined blood sugar-reduction formula | |
| CN106110259B (en) | The Chinese medicine patcher and preparation method thereof for treating insufficiency of both the spleen and the kindey symptom | |
| CN102526409B (en) | Chinese medicinal composition for treating tennis elbow | |
| CN101837025B (en) | Yin-yang plaster | |
| CN103432561B (en) | Traditional Chinese medicament for treating phlebitis | |
| CN102580030B (en) | External traditional Chinese medicine composition having effect of reducing blood sugar, preparation prepared from the external traditional Chinese medicine composition, and their preparation method | |
| CN102228652B (en) | Chinese medicinal composition for treating chronic peritonitis and preparation method thereof | |
| CN101375955B (en) | Sperm-passing formulation for treating non-ejaculation symptom and preparation method thereof | |
| CN101612352A (en) | A kind of medicine for the treatment of diabetes | |
| CN101185704B (en) | Powder agent medicine for treating aphtha | |
| CN102488774B (en) | Chinese medicinal powder for treating canker sore and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103301347B (en) | Medicated bath extract for treating eczema together with oral medicine | |
| CN103599212A (en) | Medicine used for treating dermatitis | |
| CN1317028C (en) | Recipe of navel plaster for treating enteritis quickly | |
| CN101961459B (en) | Oral medicament for treating hemiplegia | |
| CN102743707A (en) | Pill for treating acute lumbar sprain | |
| CN103751437B (en) | Traditional Chinese medicinal composition for treating primary dysmenorrhea | |
| CN102727738A (en) | Traditional Chinese medicine composition used for treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and preparation method thereof | |
| CN108079073A (en) | It is a kind of steep pedicure tremble with fear foot alleviate medicine Chinese medicine powder | |
| CN102247506A (en) | Chinese medicinal composition for treating chyluria | |
| CN101361959B (en) | Medicine for curing the dysmenorrhea | |
| CN101721503A (en) | Traditional Chinese medicine preparation for treating sterility and infertility of men and women | |
| CN103142930B (en) | Soft capsule for treating scapulohumeral periarthritis | |
| CN1857528A (en) | Damp dispelling and pain relieving externally applied medicine and its preparing method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20170117 Address after: Wu Jia Zhuang Cun, Zhengding County Hengyuan Road town of Zhengding 050800 Hebei city of Shijiazhuang province No. 1 Patentee after: Ding Yuekuo Address before: 300061 Tianjin City Hotel Hexi District South Road No. 3 Patentee before: Tianjin Shiji Living Engineering Co., Ltd. |
|
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20190626 Address after: 300061 Qinglin Building 1/2-1-125, South of Dongjiang Road, Hexi District, Tianjin Patentee after: Tianjin Shiji Living Engineering Co., Ltd. Address before: 050800 No. 1 Hengyuan Road, Wujiazhuang Village, Zhengding Town, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province Patentee before: Ding Yuekuo |