CN101836874B - 挠性孔口密封装置 - Google Patents
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- A61B17/3417—Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating
- A61B17/3421—Cannulas
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
- A61B17/3462—Trocars; Puncturing needles with means for changing the diameter or the orientation of the entrance port of the cannula, e.g. for use with different-sized instruments, reduction ports, adapter seals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
- A61B17/3417—Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating
- A61B17/3421—Cannulas
- A61B17/3431—Cannulas being collapsible, e.g. made of thin flexible material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
- A61B17/3417—Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating
- A61B17/3421—Cannulas
- A61B17/3423—Access ports, e.g. toroid shape introducers for instruments or hands
- A61B2017/3429—Access ports, e.g. toroid shape introducers for instruments or hands having a unitary compressible body, e.g. made of silicone or foam
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
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- A61B17/3417—Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating
- A61B17/3421—Cannulas
- A61B2017/3445—Cannulas used as instrument channel for multiple instruments
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
- A61B17/3417—Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating
- A61B17/3421—Cannulas
- A61B2017/3445—Cannulas used as instrument channel for multiple instruments
- A61B2017/3447—Linked multiple cannulas
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
- A61B17/3462—Trocars; Puncturing needles with means for changing the diameter or the orientation of the entrance port of the cannula, e.g. for use with different-sized instruments, reduction ports, adapter seals
- A61B2017/3466—Trocars; Puncturing needles with means for changing the diameter or the orientation of the entrance port of the cannula, e.g. for use with different-sized instruments, reduction ports, adapter seals for simultaneous sealing of multiple instruments
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种用于单切口手术中的挠性孔口密封装置,该装置包括外部密封件,外部密封件限定了从外部密封件的近端向外部密封件的远端延伸的开孔。支撑板位于外部密封件的开孔内,并且为了容纳手术器械,一个或多个通道连到支撑板上。通道与穿过通道插入的插管和/或手术器械形成不透液密封。挠性孔口密封装置由可压缩的或挠性的材料形成,以有利于穿过患者上的单切口插入,并允许手术器械相对于密封装置活动,从而使每一个手术器械独立地定向。
Description
相关申请的引用
本申请要求于2009年3月20日提交的序列号为61/161,833的美国临时申请的权益和优先权,其全部内容通过引用合并于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及一种用于单切口手术程序中的挠性孔口密封装置(port seal)。本公开尤其涉及一种具有多个可独立活动的通道(throughport)的挠性孔口密封装置。
背景技术
用于执行闭合的手术操作的方法和装置是公知的。这些操作显著减少了术后恢复时间,并将患者的恐惧降到最低。这些操作典型地涉及穿过患者的腹壁插入一个或多个进入组件,并对腹腔吹气。穿过其中一个进入组件或直接穿过腹壁插入腹腔镜或其它观测器械,以向临床医生提供腹腔的图像。然后外科医生可以通过操纵已贯穿进入组件的器械而在腹腔内执行操作。
外科医生可以用于完成闭合操作的器械的数量和类型受已插入腹腔中的进入组件的数量、尺寸和构造所限制。因为传统的进入组件被构造为仅为单个器械提供入口,任何额外器械的同时使用都需要相应的进入组件。对于完成操作所需的每一个额外的进入组件,都必须开一个额外的切口。每一个额外的切口都会增加操作的长度,并可能延长术后恢复时间。
因此,希望提供一种穿过患者身体上的单切口插入的进入组件,该组件提供了用于容纳一个或多个手术器械的多个孔口。
发明内容
公开了一种穿过组织插入的挠性孔口密封装置。该挠性孔口密封装置大体上包括外部密封件,该外部密封件具有近端和远端,并限定了从外部密封件的近端向外部密封件的远端延伸的开孔。支撑板位于外部密封件的开孔内,并且通道贯穿支撑板。该通道限定了用于容纳手术器械的通孔,使得该通道形成对穿过通道插入的手术器械的不透液密封。在一个实施例中,穿过通道插入的手术器械是插管。这种插管可以被构造为容纳穿过其的其它仪器,例如,施夹器、抓紧器、解剖器、牵开器、缝合器、激光探针、发光装置、内窥镜和腹腔镜、管等。可选择地,例如,通道可以被构造为容纳直接穿过其的这些其它器械,而无需首先插入插管。为了达到本申请的目的,术语“器械或仪器”将共同指插管或任何其它类型的仪器。
外部密封件具有中心部和位于中心部的近端处的上轮缘。外部密封件还具有位于中心部的远端处的下轮缘。上轮缘和下轮缘的直径比中心部的直径大。
在一个实施例中,外部密封件具有形成在外部密封件的内表面中的用于容纳支撑板的沟槽。支撑板的外边缘被放置在形成于外部密封件的内表面中的沟槽内。在一个具体实施例中,支撑板是圆盘。在一个可选实施例中,支撑板与外部密封件整体形成。
支撑板可以包括一开口,使得当通道被穿过开口放置时通道的外表面与开口形成不透液密封。可选择地,支撑板、外部密封件和通道全都彼此整体形成。
在一个实施例中,通道是贯穿支撑板的中空管。通道可以包括位于中空管的开孔内的器械密封件。在一个具体实施例中,该器械密封件是沙漏型密封件。在一个可选实施例中,该器械密封件是鸭嘴阀。
在各个具体实施例中,外部密封件由挠性材料形成,支撑板由挠性材料形成和/或通道由挠性材料形成。
还公开了一种穿过组织插入的挠性孔口密封装置,其包括外部密封件,该外部密封件具有近端和远端。外部密封件由挠性材料形成,并限定了从外部密封件的近端向外部密封件的远端延伸的开孔。支撑板与外部密封件由挠性材料整体形成,并且支撑板位于外部密封件的开孔内。设置了例如与支撑板整体形成的多个通道,且通道可以贯穿支撑板并限定了用于容纳穿过通道的插管和/或手术器械的通孔。
在一个实施例中,器械密封件形成在每一个通道内,使得该器械密封件形成对穿过通道的通孔插入的手术器械的不透液密封。在一个具体实施例中,该器械密封件是沙漏型密封件。在一个可选的具体实施例中,该器械密封件是鸭嘴阀型密封件。更进一步地,该通道可以是没有密封件的中空管。
附图说明
在此结合附图公开了本公开的挠性孔口密封装置的一个实施例,其中:
图1为本公开的挠性孔口密封装置的立体图;
图2为图1的挠性孔口密封装置的俯视图;
图3为图1的挠性孔口密封装置的侧视图,多个内部通道和支撑盘用虚线表示;
图4为图1的挠性孔口密封装置的部分以截面表示的立体图;
图5为具有可分离部件的挠性孔口密封装置的部分以截面表示的立体图;
图6为内部通道的一个实施例的以截面表示的侧视图;
图7为图6的内部通道的俯视图;
图8为内部通道的一个可选实施例的以截面表示的侧视图;
图9为图8的内部通道的俯视图;
图10为组织切片的立体图,组织切片具有穿过其的一切口,下面的体器官用虚线表示;
图11为准备穿过组织中的切口插入的图1的挠性孔口密封装置的立体图;
图12为穿过组织中的切口放置的图1的挠性孔口密封装置的立体图;
图13为图1的挠性孔口密封装置的部分以截面表示的侧视图,插管孔口和手术器械穿过该密封装置插入并放置在体器官上方;
图14为内部通道的部分以截面表示的侧视图,插管和手术器械穿过该内部通道插入;以及
图15为根据一个实施例的穿过组织放置的挠性孔口密封装置的外部密封件的部分以截面表示的和放置以执行手术操作的手术器械的侧视图。
具体实施方式
现将结合附图来详细描述本公开的挠性孔口密封装置的一个实施例,其中在多个视图中的每一个视图中,相似的附图标记表示相同或相应的元件。作为本领域常见的,术语“近侧”指的是较靠近用户或操作者也就是外科医生或内科医生的部分或元件,而术语“远侧”指的是较远离用户的部分或元件。
参照图1至图3,公开了一种用于单切口手术中的挠性孔口密封装置10。挠性孔口密封装置10是挠性的或可压缩的,以允许其穿过患者身体上的单切口插入,使得在插入之后该装置会膨胀并密封在切口内。另外,挠性孔口密封装置10的挠性特性允许各手术器械穿过其插入以相对于它们各自的轴线被操纵,从而允许手术器械的较高程度的活动,以使它们定向得适于正被实施手术的组织。
挠性孔口密封装置10大体上包括外部组织密封件12,具有贯穿其的一个或多个通道14、16和18。通道14、16和18设置为容纳穿过其的各种手术插管和/或器械。通道14、16和18的紧密接近允许穿过其插入的手术器械不受限制且独立的活动。如图2和图3最佳示出的,中心支撑板或盘20设置为将通道14、16和18支撑在外部组织密封件12内。
外部组织密封件12和中心支撑盘20由挠性材料形成,如上文所述,该挠性材料允许挠性孔口密封装置10被压缩和穿过患者身体上的切口插入,并且允许贯穿支撑盘20的通道14、16和18的独立活动。外部组织密封件12和支撑盘20可以由例如硅、热塑性塑料、橡胶、泡沫、凝胶等的各种材料形成。理想地,通道14、16和18也可以由各种挠性材料形成,并且可以彼此整体形成。
继续参照图1至图3,外部组织密封件12包括中心部22,具有位于中心部22的近端26处的上轮缘24。下轮缘28位于中心部22的远端30上。上轮缘24和下轮缘28帮助防止挠性孔口密封装置10纵向运动穿过患者上的切口。
具体参照图3,通道14、16和18可以从外部组织密封件12的近端32到外部组织密封件12的远端34连到外部组织密封件12上,例如,与外部组织密封件12整体形成和/或贯穿外部组织密封件12。应该认识到的是,通道14、16和18相互比较可以具有不同的长度,并且可以相对于支撑盘20各自沿任一方向延伸任意距离。例如,通道14、16和18中的任一个或多个可以延伸超出外部组织密封件12的近端32或可以延伸不到外部组织密封件12的近端32,例如,包括根本未从支撑盘20延伸出。同样,通道14、16和18中的任一个或多个可以延伸超出外部组织密封件12的远端34或可以延伸不到外部组织密封件12的远端34,例如,包括根本未从支撑盘20延伸出。这些长度的不同可以允许挠性孔口密封装置10在插入切口内之前更容易地被压缩。此外,这些长度的不同可以允许挠性孔口密封装置10适应不同类型的手术仪器、不同的手术操作等。
返回至参考图2,通道14、16和18包括各自的通孔36、38和40从而以以下更详细描述的方式来容纳手术插管和/或器械。
现在参照图4和图5,如上文所述,中心支撑盘20设置在外部组织密封件12内以将通道14、16和18支撑在外部组织密封件12内。中心支撑盘20可以与外部组织密封件12整体形成或可以设置为一个单独的元件。当设置为一个单独的元件时,沟槽42可以围绕中心支撑盘20的中心部22的内表面44形成。可选择地,沟槽42可以设置在外部组织密封件12内的其它位置处。在装配时,中心支撑盘20的周缘46通过任意类型的机械连接例如以摩擦配合的方式安装在沟槽42内,使得周缘46在沟槽42内形成不透液密封。
在一个实施例中,中心支撑盘20设置有用于分别容纳通道14、16和18的多个孔48、50和52。当穿过孔48、50和52放置时,通道14、16和18的外表面54、56和58分别与孔48,50和52形成不透液密封。应该注意到的是,由于中心支撑盘20的挠性特性和中心支撑盘20与通道14,16和18较小的纵向接触区,通道14,16和18相对于中心支撑盘20可自由弯曲,以允许穿过通道14,16和18插入的手术插管和/或器械以以下更详细描述的方式独立地活动。
现在参照图6和图7,示出了一个实施例,其中,通道14,16和18被构造为对插入其中的器械直接密封,而例如无需首先插入插管。在该实施例中,为了在通道14,16和18例如此处示出的通道14与穿过其插入的手术器械之间提供不透液密封,通道14设置有内部器械密封件。在该实施例中,本公开的器械密封件是沙漏型阀或密封件60,沙漏型阀或密封件60形成在通道14的内表面62上,并且限定了用于容纳穿过通道14的手术器械的中心开口或通路64。因此,当手术器械穿过通道14的近端66插入时,其穿过并密封在中心开口64内,且从通道14的远端68延伸出。
同样地,参照图8和图9,在一个可选实施例中,通道14内设置的器械密封件是鸭嘴阀型密封件70,鸭嘴阀型密封件70具有从通道14的内表面62延伸出的一对片状物(flap)72和74。片状物72和74的各自的远端76和78在它们之间限定了狭槽80以密封容纳穿过它们之间的手术器械。与上文所述的沙漏型密封件60相似,当手术器械插入通道14的近端66中时,其穿过并密封在狭槽80内且从通道14的远端68延伸出。
应当注意到的是,虽然本公开的形成于通道14内的器械密封件已图示为沙漏型密封件60(图6和图7)或鸭嘴阀型密封件70(图8和图9),但是可在通道14、16和18内设置其它类型的密封件以围绕穿过通道插入的手术器械密封。此外,取决于将要使用的穿过通道14、16和18的手术器械的特性,设置在通道14、16和18内的器械密封件无需相同,并且在特定的情况下可以彼此不同。
现在参照图10至图15,首先关于图10和图11,现将描述挠性孔口密封装置10为了执行手术程序而在单切口手术程序中的使用。以下所讨论的程序可以是任何类型的手术程序,并且仅为了图示目的而描述为切除和移除体器官的程序。首先,单切口I穿过体组织T形成并位于例如肾K的体器官上方。在该手术程序中希望利用多个手术器械来对肾K实施手术和移除肾K,同时仅穿过体组织T形成单切口。具体参照图11,当已穿过体组织T形成了切口I时,可以挤压或压缩挠性孔口密封装置10以使其减小到较小的直径,从而穿过切口I插入。如上文所述,外部组织密封件12由允许挠性孔口密封装置10被压缩的挠性材料形成。
参照图12,当挠性孔口密封装置10已被穿过切口I插入时,外部组织密封件12上的压力可以被释放,允许外部组织密封件12在切口I内恢复到其最初未被压缩的状态。如上文所述,外部组织密封件12包括上轮缘24和下轮缘28。上下轮缘24和下轮缘28各自设置为防止挠性孔口密封装置10穿过体组织T上的切口I移动。当挠性孔口密封装置10已被放置在肾K上方时,各种手术器械可以穿过通道14、16和18插入以对肾K实施手术。
具体参照图13,如所示的,手术仪器例如传统插管82、84和86可以穿过通道14、16和18插入。插管82、84和86包括各自的外壳88、90和92。外壳88、90和92包括从外壳88、90和92向远侧延伸出的各自的进入管94、96和98。例如,参照插管86,插管86的外壳92可以设置有连接到吹入液体源的吹入口100,以对位于组织T下方和肾K周围的体内区域进行吹入液体。可选择地,在需要时,挠性孔口密封装置10可以具有额外的管、孔口或连接装置(未示出),这些额外的管、孔口或连接装置单独操作以连接并提供吹入液体或提供排烟。当身体已被适当吹液时,可以对肾K实施手术以将其从周围的组织中切除。
现在参照图14,利用穿过通道18插入的插管86来说明通道18。具体地,进入管98穿过通道18插入。如所图示的,通道18设置有器械密封件,例如沙漏型密封件60,沙漏型密封件60在穿过通道18插入的进入管98周围形成不透液密封。可选择地,插管86可以选择为在通道18的通孔内具有紧密配合,从而消除了在通道18的通孔内具有器械密封件的必要性。而且,插管86可以包括任何类型的固定元件,例如,外螺纹、肋状物、闭锁机构等,这些固定元件帮助将插管保持在适当的位置并帮助保持插管86的表面和通道18的内表面之间的密封。
当插管86已被适当地穿过通道18插入时,手术器械102可以穿过插管86插入以对下面的组织执行外科手术。手术器械102包括手柄104,具有从手柄104向远侧延伸的细长管状构件106。具体地,细长管状构件106穿过插管86的外壳92中的近侧开口108插入,使得细长管状构件106的远端110从插管86的进入管98的远端112突伸出。手术器械102可以以这种方式被放置于体内来对下面的组织执行外科手术。
如上文所述,中心支撑盘20(图4)在通道18周围与通道18较小的接触区B处形成不透液密封。如图14所示,通道18限定了纵轴A-A,纵轴A-A与穿过通道插入的插管86和手术器械102的纵轴一致。由于通道18和/或中心支撑盘20的挠性特性,通过操纵手术器械102和/或插管86,通道18可以偏离轴线弯曲而使手术器械102沿着弯曲或偏离的轴线A′-A′定向。这允许外科医生相对于正实施手术的组织在各个位置操纵手术器械102或使手术器械102定向于各个位置。
现在参照图15,当已利用手术器械102对下面的肾K实施手术以为了结果(harvesting)而切除或切断了肾K时,可以从挠性孔口密封装置10中移出插管80至84和86,并且从切口I中撤出挠性孔口密封装置10。之后,可以使用单独的手术器械将切除的肾K从体中移出。可选择地,当外部组织密封件12和中心支撑盘20形成为单独的部件时,可以从外部组织密封件12内移出中心支撑盘20,留下贯穿切口I的外部组织密封件12。在这种情况下,外部组织密封件12起到穿过组织T的较大的进入孔口的作用。手术器械例如手术器械102可以穿过外部组织密封件12插入并被操纵,从而利用放置于进入管98的远端110上的末端执行器114抓紧肾K并将肾K从体内穿过外部组织密封件12撤出。可选择地,可以在将肾K穿过切口撤出之前移出整个挠性孔口密封装置10。
当肾K已被从体中移出时,可以以传统的方式来闭合单切口I。因此,挠性孔口密封装置10设置了穿过患者身体上的单切口的多个可独立活动的器械进入通道。
应当理解的是,可以对此处所公开的实施例进行多种改进。例如,如上文所述,本公开的通道也可以由挠性材料形成以允许穿过其的关节式手术器械的使用。此外,本公开的挠性孔口密封装置可以设置有超过本公开的三个通道的多个通道。另外,本公开的通道的长度和直径无需一致,而可以根据预期穿过其的将要利用的手术器械而变化。更进一步地,通道无需如所示的那样是直的,而是任一个或多个通道可以是弧形的、弯曲的,或具有适合容纳特定手术器械的任何其它形状。而且,虽然支撑盘示出为是较直且薄并具有比较恒定的厚度,但是该支撑盘可以是弯曲的或具有特定形状的,在需要时可以更厚些,和/或可以在其区域内具有可变的厚度,例如,以提高其挠性,以提高其密封能力,以提高其在被操纵时对撕裂的抵抗性。另外,虽然支撑盘示出为大约位于挠性孔口密封装置在纵向上的中点,但其也可以位于挠性孔口密封装置的近端与远端之间的任意位置。因此,以上描述不应被解释为限制,而仅作为特定实施例的例证。本领域技术人员将会在随附的权利要求的范围和精神内想象到其它的改进。
Claims (6)
1.一种穿过组织插入的挠性孔口密封装置,包括:
外部密封件,其限定了贯穿其的开孔,所述外部密封件包括限定环形沟槽的内表面;
支撑盘,其可移除地位于所述外部密封件的所述开孔内,所述支撑盘的至少一部分构造为容纳在所述外部密封件的所述环形沟槽中;以及
通道,其限定了用于容纳手术器械的通孔,所述通道包括近端和远端并且沙漏型密封件插在所述通道的近端和远端之间,所述沙漏型密封件在没有手术器械的情况下具有中心开口并且在手术器械穿过其插入时形成对手术器械的不透液密封,所述通道贯穿所述支撑盘,
其中,所述通道构造为相对于所述支撑盘弯曲,并且所述支撑盘在膨胀状态与压缩状态之间转换从而有助于所述挠性孔口密封装置穿过组织插入。
2.根据权利要求1所述的挠性孔口密封装置,其中所述外部密封件具有中心部和位于所述中心部的近端处的上轮缘。
3.根据权利要求2所述的挠性孔口密封装置,其中所述外部密封件具有位于所述中心部的远端处的下轮缘。
4.根据权利要求1所述的挠性孔口密封装置,其中所述支撑盘包括挠性材料。
5.根据权利要求1所述的挠性孔口密封装置,其中所述支撑盘包括泡沫材料。
6.根据权利要求1所述的挠性孔口密封装置,还包括多个通道。
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2010
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- 2010-03-01 CA CA2695123A patent/CA2695123A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-03-02 AU AU2010200789A patent/AU2010200789B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2010-03-15 JP JP2010058495A patent/JP5436280B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-03-19 CN CN201010138690.9A patent/CN101836874B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-03-19 EP EP10250526.0A patent/EP2229900B1/en not_active Not-in-force
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CN101836874A (zh) | 2010-09-22 |
EP2229900A1 (en) | 2010-09-22 |
US20100240960A1 (en) | 2010-09-23 |
AU2010200789B2 (en) | 2014-05-15 |
US8574153B2 (en) | 2013-11-05 |
CA2695123A1 (en) | 2010-09-20 |
AU2010200789A1 (en) | 2010-10-07 |
JP2010221021A (ja) | 2010-10-07 |
JP5436280B2 (ja) | 2014-03-05 |
US20140039268A1 (en) | 2014-02-06 |
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