CN101816452A - Silybum mariamum seed huller - Google Patents
Silybum mariamum seed huller Download PDFInfo
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- CN101816452A CN101816452A CN 201010154670 CN201010154670A CN101816452A CN 101816452 A CN101816452 A CN 101816452A CN 201010154670 CN201010154670 CN 201010154670 CN 201010154670 A CN201010154670 A CN 201010154670A CN 101816452 A CN101816452 A CN 101816452A
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- awl
- tube
- external conical
- silybum marianum
- moving tooth
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Abstract
The invention discloses a silybum mariamum seed huller, which comprises a bracket and an inner rotating cone, wherein the inner rotating cone is coaxial with the bracket and is positioned inside an outer conical cylinder, and tines are distributed on the surface of the inner rotating cone; a clearance is formed between the inner wall of the outer conical cylinder and the top surface of the tines of the inner rotating cone; the inner rotating cone is rotationally connected with the bracket and driven by a motor fixed on the bracket; the upper end of the clearance is connected with a feed hopper through a feed neck, and the lower end of the clearance is connected with a discharge hopper through a discharge hole on an outer conical cylinder flange. The silybum mariamum seed huller has simple structure and convenient operation, and can hull silybum mariamum seeds; and the core of the huller is to gradually break and hull the silybum mariamum seeds by adopting a short throwing distance and multi-throwing principle, and the throwing energy of every time is relatively low so as to avoid rolling and kneading; therefore, broken hulls and broken kernels are few, the hulling rate is high and the energy consumption is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mechanical device, especially relate to a kind of silybum marianum seed is shelled and obtain the silybum marianum seed hulling machine of shell and benevolence there being shell fruit to shell in fact.
Background technology
Milk thistle another name water flies that pheasant, Milk Thistle, mouse are reined in, newborn thistle, belongs to composite family, the medicinal herb plant.Silybum marianum seed is the seed of milk thistle, and long flat avette, achene is about 7mm, wide about 3mm, and thick about 1-2mm, give prominence on the top, and a side is protruding slightly, and pitchy, grey black look and white 3 kinds are arranged.
Silymarin is the total extract of the effective medicinal components of silybum marianum seed, mainly be distributed in kind of the shell, content is atomic in the kind benevolence, its main component is legalon, Isosilybin, silydianin, Silychristin and silybonol, wherein the content with legalon is the highest relatively, antihepatitic activity is the strongest, and market demand is very big.
The silybum marianum seed oil content is generally about 20%-30%, and wherein unrighted acid is up to more than 80%.The edible very early milk thistle oil of more external countries.Milk thistle oil also can be used as the filler of crease-resistant skin care item, and can prevent and treat atherosclerotic, hypertension.Milk thistle oil mainly is contained in the embryo of silybum marianum seed and promptly plants in the benevolence, does not contain substantially in the shell.
Protein content (20%) is higher than general cereal in the milk thistle kind benevolence, and milk thistle albumen is a kind of high-quality protein, and it is tired between soybean protein and wheat gluten.
Reach separation and Extraction grease and albumen from milk thistle kind benevolence in order from the shell of silybum marianum seed, to extract the separation legalon respectively, need shell to silybum marianum seed and separate with shell benevolence.If do not shell processing, directly extract legalon with the grouts after the silybum marianum seed extruding oil expression, because these grouts still contain Chuck Steak, bring very burden can for the extraction and purification process of legalon, and extracted albumen in the residue behind the legalon because the effect generation sex change of solvent, lose value of exploiting and utilizing, can only be used as feed.The milk thistle seed is little, the about 1-2mm of thickness, and about 1: 1 of the part by weight of shell and benevolence, the sliding cellulosic of shell glimmer is flexible slightly, and the benevolence oil-containing is heterogeneous to withstand voltage, can be rolled into dregs of rice shape, and shell is to the benevolence parcel closely.There is not a kind of plant equipment can successfully be used for the silybum marianum seed shelling at present, to obtain comparatively complete shell and benevolence.
Nut mechanical dejacketing method that at present can be for reference mainly contains: cylindric pair of roller with certain interval done differential and rotated, and material is rolled and crumples during by the roller gap realizes shelling, as, the almond flute profile roller-type shelling machine for pine nut of Chinese agricultural machinery institute exploitation; Coniform cover rod with certain interval is done relative gyration, by rolling compaction and rubbing, realizes shelling when material passes through cover rod gap, as, the Chinese torreya hulling machine (application number 200510061949.3) of Zhejiang University's exploitation; Test shows, because the milk thistle seed is very little, thickness has only 1-2mm, adopt roll-type to roll the rubbing mode when taking off the silybum marianum seed shell, require the roller spacing very little, this causes broken shell a lot, benevolence is also substantially by the grind up shape, and the part in the process of rolling of the grease in the milk thistle kind benevolence discharges, and wherein a part of grease is adsorbed by the milk thistle shell, brings extra trouble for the follow-up technology of extracting the purifying legalon from the milk thistle shell.Other mechanical dejacketing methods also have plain grinding mode, fashion of extrusion, flat board to roll mode, and also all there is identical problem in various degree in the shelling that is used for silybum marianum seed.
Silybum marianum seed is a kind of achene, and what its shelling was more had reference value is the hulling method of existing achene.At present, achenes such as sunflower seeds mainly adopt the formula mechanical dejacketing method of hitting of throwing, generally constitute by cylindric shelling tube, the rotating shaft that is located at shelling tube center and the impeller that together rotates along with rotating shaft, the achene seed that is entered impeller by feed arrangement is tangentially dished out by impeller and is clashed into mutually with a shelling tube inwall, cause the fragmentation of achene shell, realize broken shelling.Jinzhou Baima Instrument Suit Equipment Co., Ltd. has developed double-deck sunflower hulling machine (application number 200820218586.9), be divided into cylindric shelling tube two-layer up and down with dividing plate, on dividing plate, offer and link up bilevel charging hole, adopts same rotating shaft material casting impeller in two-layer about driving.The achene seed at first enters the upper strata impeller through feed arrangement, tangentially dished out by the upper strata impeller and clash into mutually with a upper strata shelling tube inwall, realize broken for the first time shelling, afterwards, shelled and the mixture of the seed that do not shell enters lower floor's hulling device via the charging hole on the dividing plate, repeat above-mentioned shelling process, realize broken for the second time shelling, improved husking yield and reduced energy consumption.Test shows, because the milk thistle seed is little and solid, adopts this throwing to hit 1-2 time shelling mode, in order to reach the husking yield requirement, needs bigger throwing to hit speed, causes broken shell and broken benevolence a lot of thus, brings difficulty to subsequent technique.
To sum up, existing various hulling device is not suitable for the shelling of silybum marianum seed.About research and patent that silybum marianum seed adopts mechanical system to shell are not seen domestic and international report.
Summary of the invention
Weak point at prior art exists the invention provides a kind of silybum marianum seed hulling machine, and is simple in structure, easy to operate, can realize silybum marianum seed is shelled.
The present invention reaches the silybum marianum seed shelling to obtain the complete relatively shell and the purpose of benevolence, adopted following technical scheme: provide a kind of silybum marianum seed hulling machine, comprise frame, concentric, being positioned at external conical-tube inside and surface distributed has the commentaries on classics awl of moving tooth, gapped between the moving tooth end face of the inwall of external conical-tube and interior commentaries on classics awl, in change that awl links to each other with frame rotationally and by the motor-driven that is fixed on the frame, the upper end in gap links to each other with feed hopper by fill neck, the lower end in gap links to each other with discharge bucket by the discharge opening on the external conical-tube flange, wherein said external conical-tube is fixed on the frame by the external conical-tube flange, inner wall smooth.
Change awl in of the present invention and being fixed on the frame by interior commentaries on classics awl flange, axle head terminal pad, main shaft, bearing and oil seal seat and external conical-tube flange, and by shaft coupling by the motor direct-drive that is fixed on the frame.Rotating speed of motor is by Frequency Converter Control.
Change the awl lateral surface in wherein said and be distributed with moving tooth, the gap between the height of moving tooth and the adjacent moving tooth is all about identical with the major diameter of silybum marianum seed.Because moving tooth is distributed in up-small and down-big frustum outer surface, in order to make the gap between the moving tooth identical substantially along the short transverse of frustum, be distributed with a short moving tooth between two long moving teeth, short moving tooth upwards is distributed to suitable height place and stops below frustum.
Gapped between the moving tooth end face of wherein said external conical-tube inwall and interior commentaries on classics awl lateral surface, this gap is approximately identical with the major diameter of silybum marianum seed, and this gap width is guaranteed by structural design.
Wherein upper rack is provided with feed hopper, and silybum marianum seed is regulated plate control flow by inlet amount, and charging aperture stretches in the fill neck, links to each other with upper end, gap between interior commentaries on classics awl and the external conical-tube.
Wherein frame lower is provided with discharge bucket, and this discharge bucket is connected with external conical-tube flange discharge opening.
Silybum marianum seed hulling machine of the present invention, have power section, running part, feeding part and output section that general agricultural product processing machinery all has, and the core work part of invention is fixed on external conical-tube on the frame, that inner surface is smooth by one and constitute along interior commentaries on classics awl this external conical-tube axis rotation, that outer surface is distributed with moving tooth, and interior commentaries on classics awl moving tooth end face is identical with the major diameter of silybum marianum seed approximately with the gap between the external conical-tube inner surface.This hulling machine adopt short throw apart from, repeatedly throw and hit the formula principle and progressively hit out the silybum marianum seed shell.The silybum marianum seed material is fallen into the upper surface of interior commentaries on classics awl of rotation by charging aperture after, progressively flow and fall between the moving tooth, stirred motion along the circumferential direction by moving tooth then to the edge of upper surface, and final tangentially being gone out by impelling along interior commentaries on classics awl.After one of the silybum marianum seed flight that is gone out by the impelling distance very short, that constitute by the gap between the interior outer cone, impinge upon on the inner surface of external conical-tube for the first time, broken shell takes place to clash into for the first time.Afterwards, this silybum marianum seed is bored to interior commentaries on classics by the inner surface reflection bounce of external conical-tube at the opposite side of rum point normal, enough smooth and when ignoring energy loss in the knockout process when the inner surface of external conical-tube, between angle of reflection between the reflection path of silybum marianum seed and the rum point normal and incident path and the rum point normal incidence angle will equate approximately that this has the incident and the reflection of point image light.Admitted by the moving tooth gap that the silybum marianum seed of the inner surface reflection bounce of external conical-tube is bored by interior commentaries on classics, the moving tooth of being bored by interior commentaries on classics quickens then, and once more along tangentially being gone out by impelling that interior commentaries on classics is bored, repeats above-mentioned process, realizes clashing into for the second time broken shell.Because the gap between the interior outer cone is very little, the process of above-mentioned " dish out-clash into-rebound-dishing out-" will repeatedly take place, pass through multiple impact, progressively knock out the shell of silybum marianum seed, combining of silybum marianum seed shell and the benevolence of progressively loosening, so that finally finish shelling, therefore bump can adopt less relatively energy each time, and the rotating speed that promptly changes awl in it can be relatively low.Silybum marianum seed hulling machine provided by the present invention, change the gap identical of having an appointment between awl moving tooth end face and the external conical-tube inner surface in it, its objective is and avoid silybum marianum seed generation roll-in between interior commentaries on classics awl moving tooth and external conical-tube inner surface to crumple and pulverize as far as possible with the major diameter of silybum marianum seed.
Therefore, silybum marianum seed hulling machine of the present invention, simple in structure, easy to operate, can realize that broken shell and broken benevolence are few to the silybum marianum seed shelling, shell that takes off and benevolence are complete relatively, are convenient to subsequent treatment, can realize the complete utilization of silybum marianum seed.Simultaneously, its husking yield height, energy consumption is low.This silybum marianum seed hulling machine through test single husking yield more than 95%, degradation rate is less than 3%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the broken section structural representation of silybum marianum seed hulling machine of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the broken section structure of commentaries on classics awl in the silybum marianum seed hulling machine of the present invention and repeatedly throws and hit the operation principle schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment
With reference to above-mentioned accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is elaborated.Fig. 1 has provided a kind of silybum marianum seed hulling machine, the surface distributed that is positioned at external conical-tube 5 inside that comprises frame 17, concentric has the commentaries on classics of moving tooth to bore 7, between the moving tooth end face of the inwall of external conical-tube 5 and interior commentaries on classics awl 7 gapped 6, interior commentaries on classics awl 7 links to each other with frame 17 rotationally and is driven by the motor 18 that is fixed on the support, the upper end in gap 6 links to each other with feed hopper 1 by fill neck 4, and the lower end in gap links to each other with discharge bucket 14 by the discharge opening 12 on the external conical-tube flange 13.External conical-tube 5 is fixed on the frame 17 by external conical-tube flange 13.The interior awl 7 that changes links to each other with rotating shaft 9 by interior commentaries on classics awl flange 8, axle head terminal pad 10, and rotating shaft 9 links to each other with frame 17 with oil seal seat 15 rotationally by bearing, rotating shaft 9 also links to each other with motor 18 on being fixed on frame 17 by shaft coupling 16, change awl 7 like this and just can drive, and rotate with respect to frame 17 by motor 18.Feed hopper 1 is fixed on frame 17 tops.Fill neck 4 is positioned at the top of external conical-tube 5.Charging aperture 3 stretches in the fill neck 4, links to each other with the upper end in gap 6, changes the top of awl 7 in silybum marianum seed enters thus, and be scattered gradually in change the moving tooth gap of awl 7 and shelled.Shell and benevolence that silybum marianum seed shelling back generates are accepted by external conical-tube flange 13, and by with rotating shaft 9 synchronously the material toggling sheet 11 of axle head terminal pad 10 lower ends of rotation stir, at the dirty discharge opening 12 of action of centrifugal force, fall into discharge bucket 14 to outer cone drum flange 13 outer rims.
The partial sectional view of 7 structures is bored in the interior commentaries on classics that Fig. 2 has provided a kind of silybum marianum seed hulling machine, comprise the long tooth 23 and the short tooth 22 that change awl 7 outer surfaces in being distributed in, long tooth 23 and short tooth 22 distribute alternately on the sidewall outer surface of interior commentaries on classics awl 7, so that inter-lobe clearance is along equating substantially on the short transverse of interior commentaries on classics awl outer surface, launched the silybum marianum seed that returns and with its acceleration with effective admittance, make it to move in a circle and once more its impelling is gone out.
With reference to Fig. 2, carry out detailed explanation to the course of work of the present invention and by repeatedly throwing the operation principle of hitting the realization shelling.The top that silybum marianum seed changes awl 7 via feed hopper 1, inlet amount adjusting plate 2, charging aperture 3, fill neck 4 in entering successively, and change in being scattered gradually in the gap of awl 7 moving teeth, stirred by moving tooth and to do the high speed circular motion, change awl 7 in this silybum marianum seed tangentially flies away from from position, moving tooth gap 19 under action of centrifugal force, after leaping very little interior commentaries on classics awl 7 and the gap 6 between the external conical-tube 5, impinge upon certain 20 place, position of external conical-tube 5 inner surfaces, the broken shelling of bump for the first time takes place.Afterwards, this silybum marianum seed is bored 7 by the inner surface reflection bounce of external conical-tube 5 to interior commentaries on classics at the opposite side of rum point normal, changes certain 21 place, position in awl 7 moving tooth gaps in falling into.Enough smooth and when ignoring energy loss in the knockout process when the inner surface of external conical-tube 5, angle of reflection between the reflection path of silybum marianum seed and the rum point normal and incident path will be when incidence angle between the rum point normal will approximately equate, this is similar to the incident and the reflection of light.Because the normal direction of external conical-tube 5 inner surfaces is pointed to tiltedly direction down, so silybum marianum seed launched when changeing on the awl 7 in turning back to, and the position 21 of reentry point is compared with the throw point position 19 of silybum marianum seed on interior commentaries on classics awl 7, descends highly to some extent.To be quickened by the moving tooth of interior commentaries on classics awl 7 once more by the silybum marianum seed of the inner surface reflection bounce of external conical-tube 5, and repeat above-mentioned process along tangentially being gone out of interior commentaries on classics awl 7 once more by impelling, realize the multiple impact broken shell, position when impelling goes out once more after only returning goes out the position with the impelling of this seed last time and compares, in height progressively reduce, and finally break away from the shelling gap and fall above the external conical-tube flange 13.Because the gap between the interior external conical-tube is very little, the process of above-mentioned " dish out-clash into-rebound-dishing out-" will repeatedly take place in machine, and simultaneously, owing to throw apart from little, the energy loss of seed in flight course is also just little.In addition, still has remaining kinetic energy owing to bored 7 silybum marianum seed to interior commentaries on classics by the inner surface reflection bounce of external conical-tube 5, interior 7 need of awl that change can be dished out it once more to its additional part energy, and this also is the Another reason that silybum marianum seed hulling machine of the present invention has characteristics of energy saving.Because silybum marianum seed hulling machine of the present invention adopts multiple impact to shell, can progressively knock out the shell of silybum marianum seed, the combining of progressively loosen silybum marianum seed shell and benevolence, so that finally finish shelling, therefore bump can adopt less relatively energy each time, and the rotating speed that promptly changes awl 7 in it can be relatively low.Because the major diameter that the gap of the moving tooth top of 7 side surfaces and external conical-tube 5 inner surfaces is equal to silybum marianum seed is approximately bored in interior commentaries on classics, therefore, as long as flow by control milk thistle seed, make its form pass through this shelling flight gap with the individual layer seed, the inner surface of the moving tooth of commentaries on classics awl 7 side surfaces and external conical-tube 5 was to the rubbing that rolls of silybum marianum seed in this structure can be avoided to greatest extent, thereby reduce broken shell rate and kernel breaking rate, this also is that of the present invention repeatedly the throwing hit the formula hulling machine and overlap roller with other and roll rubbing type hulling machine different on operation principle.
At last, it is also to be noted that what more than enumerate only is one embodiment of the present of invention.Obviously, the invention is not restricted to above embodiment, many distortion can also be arranged, can be connected with the small end of interior commentaries on classics awl such as, power transmission shaft, equipment also can adopt lateral arrangement, or the like.All distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art can directly derive or associate from content disclosed by the invention all should be thought protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. silybum marianum seed hulling machine, it is characterized in that comprising frame, concentric, be positioned at the commentaries on classics awl that external conical-tube inside and surface distributed have moving tooth, gapped between the moving tooth end face of the inwall of external conical-tube and interior commentaries on classics awl, in change that awl links to each other with frame rotationally and by the motor-driven that is fixed on the frame, the upper end in gap links to each other with feed hopper by fill neck, and the lower end in gap links to each other with discharge bucket by the discharge opening on the external conical-tube flange; Wherein said external conical-tube is fixed on the frame by the external conical-tube flange, inner wall smooth, changeing awl in wherein said is fixed on the frame by interior commentaries on classics awl flange, axle head terminal pad, main shaft, bearing block and external conical-tube flange, and by shaft coupling by the motor direct-drive that is fixed on the frame, rotating speed of motor is by Frequency Converter Control; Wherein upper rack is provided with feed hopper, and charging aperture stretches in the fill neck, links to each other with upper end, gap between interior commentaries on classics awl and the external conical-tube; Wherein frame lower is provided with discharge bucket, and this discharge bucket is connected with external conical-tube flange discharge opening.
2. a kind of silybum marianum seed hulling machine according to claim 1, change the awl lateral surface in it is characterized in that and be distributed with moving tooth, the height of moving tooth and the gap between the moving tooth all major diameter with silybum marianum seed are identical, be distributed with a short moving tooth between two long moving teeth, short moving tooth upwards is distributed to suitable height place and stops below frustum.
3. a kind of silybum marianum seed hulling machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that external conical-tube inwall and interior commentaries on classics the awl lateral surface the moving tooth end face between gapped, this gap is identical with the major diameter of silybum marianum seed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010101546700A CN101816452B (en) | 2010-04-26 | 2010-04-26 | Silybum mariamum seed huller |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010101546700A CN101816452B (en) | 2010-04-26 | 2010-04-26 | Silybum mariamum seed huller |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101816452A true CN101816452A (en) | 2010-09-01 |
| CN101816452B CN101816452B (en) | 2012-11-07 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010101546700A Expired - Fee Related CN101816452B (en) | 2010-04-26 | 2010-04-26 | Silybum mariamum seed huller |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN101816452B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102219781A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2011-10-19 | 邸凤阁 | Method for extracting silymarin from milk thistle seed coat |
| CN103734877A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-04-23 | 江苏大学 | Milk thistle seed hulling and hull and kernel separating method |
| CN115316679A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-11 | 华中农业大学 | Vertical cone type fresh lotus seed peeling machine |
| CN115404122A (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-11-29 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Hard shell oil material squeezing device and method |
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| SU511967A1 (en) * | 1973-06-08 | 1976-04-30 | Научно-производственное объединение "Агроприбор" | Laboratory Crusher for Seeding Germ |
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| CN2198277Y (en) * | 1994-07-26 | 1995-05-24 | 吉首大学 | Tung seed shelling machine |
| CN2239718Y (en) * | 1995-10-06 | 1996-11-13 | 查正友 | Chinese chestnut hulling machine |
| CN2862724Y (en) * | 2005-12-12 | 2007-01-31 | 浙江大学 | Machine for hulling Chinese torreya |
| US20090068332A1 (en) * | 2007-09-06 | 2009-03-12 | Olajire Idowu | Appliance for shucking seed coverings from their kernals |
| CN201691021U (en) * | 2010-04-26 | 2011-01-05 | 江苏大学 | Silybum marianum seed huller |
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2010
- 2010-04-26 CN CN2010101546700A patent/CN101816452B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU511967A1 (en) * | 1973-06-08 | 1976-04-30 | Научно-производственное объединение "Агроприбор" | Laboratory Crusher for Seeding Germ |
| SU904653A1 (en) * | 1980-05-23 | 1982-02-15 | Харьковский Ордена Ленина Политехнический Институт Им. В.И.Ленина | Device for hulling seeds |
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| CN2862724Y (en) * | 2005-12-12 | 2007-01-31 | 浙江大学 | Machine for hulling Chinese torreya |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102219781A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2011-10-19 | 邸凤阁 | Method for extracting silymarin from milk thistle seed coat |
| CN103734877A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-04-23 | 江苏大学 | Milk thistle seed hulling and hull and kernel separating method |
| CN103734877B (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2016-04-27 | 江苏大学 | A kind of silybum marianum seed shelling and method of separating hull and kernel |
| CN115404122A (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-11-29 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Hard shell oil material squeezing device and method |
| CN115404122B (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2023-11-24 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Hard shell oil squeezing device and method |
| CN115316679A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-11 | 华中农业大学 | Vertical cone type fresh lotus seed peeling machine |
| CN115316679B (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2024-04-09 | 华中农业大学 | Vertical cone type fresh lotus seed shed machine |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101816452B (en) | 2012-11-07 |
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