CN101813742A - Method for probing and locating high-voltage partial discharge of power grid by utilizing optical fiber - Google Patents
Method for probing and locating high-voltage partial discharge of power grid by utilizing optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for monitoring high-voltage partial discharge of a power grid, in particular to a distributed method for probing high-voltage partial discharge on line by utilizing optical fiber. The method utilizes the property that high-voltage partial discharge can generate sound wave and ultrasound wave which have rich frequency components, utilizes the optical fiber as an induction element, detects the occurrence of high-voltage partial discharge through the induction of ultrasound/ sound wave, and determines the discharging position. The optical fiber is utilized to probe the discharge of a high-voltage power grid and is not easy to subject to electromagnetic interference, can realize distributed probing, thereby being capable of carrying out real-time and on-line monitoring under the circumstance that the power grid works normally.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of optical fiber sensing, be specifically related to a kind of fiber-optic probe electrical network mesohigh shelf depreciation of utilizing, determine the monitoring method of discharge position.
Background technology
Current electric power and social economy are indivisible, and intelligent grid has become the new trend of world's electric power development.The intellectuality of realization electrical network, need equipment, generating plant and circuit running status real-time analysis assessment, early warning is accomplished in development to electric network fault, these must depend on real-time measurement on-line monitoring technique, utilize the advanced sensor in grid equipment, detect by the presence to operational outfit, circuit, obtain the operation of power networks status data in real time, when breaking down in the electrical network or other problems take place, find fault, determine its occurrence positions.Use on-line monitoring technique not only can avoid interruption maintenance but come many constant, and more can react the practical operation situation of facility truly.The advanced real-time online sensing measurement technology of modernization is in time to carry out maintenance of equipment, makes equipment operation in optimum condition, realizes the basic guarantee of the sane work of electrical network.
The shelf depreciation of electrical network electric utility belongs to common phenomenon, especially often betiding transformer, cable splice and terminals position etc. locates, shelf depreciation is the omen of electrical network facilities insulation degradation, if in time do not find, handle, the electrical damage upgrading that discharge causes finally can cause insulation breakdown, causes power grid accident, usually social influence is wide, even may bring heavy economic losses.By the on-line monitoring of shelf depreciation, can in time find the latency defective that the electrical network facilities built-in electrical insulation exists, avoid sudden insulation fault.At present, the high-voltage partial discharge checkout facility of domestic electric utility still is at the initial stage, and effective means lacks.Simultaneously because the distribution of electrical network is wide, especially to as fine as a spider's web cable length apart from shelf depreciation from detection, lack effective real time monitoring especially.
Partial Discharge Detection is to be foundation so that phenomenons such as electricity that shelf depreciation produces, light, sound to take place, and characterizes the state of shelf depreciation by the physical quantity of describing this phenomenon.Can produce electric pulse, electromagnetic radiation in the shelf depreciation process, produce ripple, light, gas product etc., and can the produce power loss cause local overheating, corresponding detecting method has multiple detection methods such as pulse current method, vapor-phase chromatography, supercritical ultrasonics technology, radio interference detection method, flash spotting.In these methods, to the detection of different high-voltage partial discharge points, mostly need finish by point-like sensor or instrument, the large tracts of land monitoring then needs to finish by a large amount of point-like sensors, and implementation is loaded down with trivial details, and difficulty is bigger.
At present, most popular method is pulse current method and ultrasonic Detection Method.Normal in the pulse current method what adopt is Rogowsky coil type current sensor, measures the shelf depreciation radio frequency band (signal of 3MHz～30MHz).But owing to have a lot of electromagnetic interference (EMI) in the scene; as the electric system carrier wave; some interference that communication radio broadcasting interference, high-frequency protecting signal, Harmonious Waves in Power Systems interference or the like and the spontaneous operating characteristic of equipment are brought; though this method can be avoided low frequencies a large amount of in the scene and intermediate frequency disturbs, be difficult to avoid the interior interference of a large amount of radio-frequency regions.Ultrasound examination is the ultrasonic frequency composition at 70kHz～150kHz in the high-voltage partial discharge, but because this part ultrasonic energy decay is very fast, be both because the efficient of acoustic-electric inverting element is high not enough, this Detection Techniques are at present normal to be tied with detection method such as radio interference and gets up, roughly detect the existence of discharge earlier by the latter, investigate one by one successively with ultrasonic detector, detection efficiency is on the low side again.Equally, these two kinds of methods also are to use the point-like sensor, and the inconvenience of surveying is on a large scale well imagined.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of detection efficiency height, and can realize the method that high-voltage partial discharge of power grid is surveyed and located of distributed real-time monitoring.
Detection provided by the invention and localization method are to adopt optical fiber as induction unit, and higher sound wave, the ultrasound wave composition of frequency that high-voltage partial discharge of power grid produces responded to.By certain light channel structure, the information that optical fiber is responded to extracts, and obtains the information of effluve, simultaneously, utilizes (surpassing) frequency of sound wave composition of partial high pressure discharge generation to enrich this characteristic, in conjunction with the characteristics of light path, determines the position of effluve.
In the discharge of electrical network partial high pressure, can produce higher sound wave and the ultrasound wave of frequency, frequency distribution from about ten kilo hertzs to tens kilo hertzs, this ripple as air, is transferred to the optical fiber place by medium, under the effect of acoustic pressure, because photoelastic effect, physical parameters such as the length of optical fiber and refractive index change, and make the phase place of the light that transmits in optical fiber change.Therefore, the present invention uses the position that optical fiber is surveyed high-voltage partial discharge of power grid and determined to discharge.
Because the variation of light phase can't directly obtain with photoelectric device, must this variation be converted to light intensity through the method for interfering and change.Consider in (surpassing) acoustic signals that the electrical network effluve produces and contain abundant frequency content, adopt single core feedback white light interference structure among the present invention, utilize the signal frequency composition characteristic that optical interference circuit obtained in the signal to determine the position of effluve, specifically as shown in Figure 1, wherein:
Optical interference circuit is by N*M (N, M are integer) coupling mechanism 1, P*Q (P, Q are integer) coupling mechanism 2, optical fiber delayer 3, and optical fiber (optical cable) 4 and feedback assembly 6 constitute.1a1,1a2 ..., 1aN, 1b1,1b2 be the port of coupling mechanism 1,1a1,1a2 ..., 1aN is port in the same way, N altogether, 1b1,1b2 are that another of coupling mechanism 1 organized two ports in the port (M altogether) in the same way.2a1,2a2,2b1 are the port of coupling mechanism 2, and 2a1,2a2 are one group of coupling mechanism 2 two ports in the port (P altogether) in the same way, and 2b1 is that another of coupling mechanism 2 organized a port in the port (Q altogether) in the same way.Optical fiber 4 is laid along the electrical network facilities that will monitor, is used for responding to the partial high pressure discharge.Feedback assembly 6 makes the light along Optical Fiber Transmission reenter optical fiber 4 and turns back to coupling mechanism 2, and it can be the catoptron in formation such as fiber end face plated films, also can be faraday rotator mirror.Light source is a wideband light source.Light source respectively through port one b1,1b2 output, forms two light paths through the port one a1 of coupling mechanism 1 input after coupling mechanism 1 beam split:
I：1b1→3→2a1→2b1→4→6→4→2b1→2a2→1b2
II：1b2→2a2→2b1→4→6→4→2b1→2a1→3→1b1
Here arrow is represented the transmission direction of light, and label is represented the parts of this label representative.1 place joins again at coupling mechanism, interfere, interference signal respectively through port one a1,1a2 ..., 1aN output.Because what use is wide spectrum light source, the coherent length of light source is very short, and the light in other paths can not interfere in the light path.Interference signal is imported Electro-Optical Sensor Set light signal is transformed into electric signal, just can handle, analyze and judge electric signal.
Though 1a1,1a2 ..., 1aN each port interference signal output is all arranged, but only need handle to the interference signal of relevant port.The port of the interference signal of handling, quantity, decide according to the optical interference circuit phase differential demodulation scheme that light path is taked: the initial phase difference that can utilize the different port output interference light of coupling mechanism, obtain interference signal from two ports respectively, demodulate the phase differential of two optical interference circuits by the phase place retrieving algorithm; Also can demodulate phase differential by the method for PGC (phase generated carrier), the interference signal that at this moment only need get a port gets final product.
The light path connected mode of taking out interference signal from the input port of light source as shown in Figure 2, light source is by circulator 7, or coupling mechanism 8 links to each other with the port one a1 of coupling mechanism 1.7a, 7b, 7c are the port of circulator 7, and 8a, 8b, 8c are the port of coupling mechanism 8, and wherein 8b and 8a are port in the same way.Can take out interference signal from port 7b or 8b.
Determining and to obtain according to the spectral characteristic of the phase signal that from interference signal, demodulates for the effluve position.Because the architectural characteristic of light path in the frequency spectrum of phase differential, exists frequency to subside a little, i.e. " trap point " can determine the position that effluve takes place according to the position of trap point." trap point " as shown in Figure 3, in amplitude-frequency plot that this width of cloth obtains by time-frequency conversion, the position that " zero " is indicated is the frequency trap point.In single core feedback arrangement, trap point with the pass of partial high pressure discharge position is:
Wherein, f
Null(k) be the frequency of k rank trap point, n
EffBe the effective refractive index of optical fiber, c is the light velocity, and L is the fiber lengths of discharge induction point 5 with feedback assembly 6.For example, when discharge occurred in L=20km, for the single-mode fiber structure, the frequency interval of the trap point on adjacent rank was about 2.5kHz, and (surpassing) sound wave disturbance of frequency range tens kHz that produce for high-voltage partial discharge can obtain a plurality of trap points.
The light source that uses among the present invention is a wideband light source, can be (super luminescence diode) SLD, also can be the ASE light source.It is tapered that the coupling mechanism 1,2 that adopts can be that fiber fuse draws, also waveguide type.Feedback assembly can be to realize at optical fiber connector plating reflectance coating, also has reflection unit tail optical fiber, that realized by discrete optical device, also faraday rotator mirror (FRM).The optical fiber that is used to respond to high-voltage partial discharge can be optical fiber, the optical cable that need lay along electric utility in order to monitor, also can utilize optical fiber intrinsic in the Optical Fiber Composite cable.
The present invention uses optical fiber as sensing unit,, non-light quantity is converted into light quantity measures as information transmission media with optical fiber, compares with traditional high-voltage partial discharge of power grid sensor, and one is significantly a little not to be vulnerable to Electromagnetic Interference.
Another outstanding feature of the present invention is to realize distributed sensing, and monitoring system is easy to realize.Because the every bit of optical fiber all has inductive action, therefore, is a kind of distributed sensor, an available optical fiber is realized the monitoring of multiple spot, and traditional point sensor only can be monitored single-point, could realize a plurality of sensors of monitoring needs of multiple spot, make the monitoring system complexity, engineering is loaded down with trivial details.
Another advantage of the present invention is the generation that not only can real-time detect electrical network mesohigh shelf depreciation, and can determine the position of generation simultaneously, does not need as certain methods, realizes respectively surveying and positioning function with different equipment.
Because the present invention uses optical fiber to respond to, but on-line real time monitoring does not need the grid power blackout maintenance, and simultaneously, on-line monitoring more can react the situation of electrical network actual motion truly.This is another outstanding feature of this invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is for surveying and locate the full light fiber white light interference structure of electrical network facilities effluve.
L is that N*M (N, M are integer) coupling mechanism, 2 is that P*Q (P, Q are integer) coupling mechanism, 3 is the optical fiber delayer, the 4th, and as the optical fiber (optical cable) of induction, the 5th, the induction point of effluve, 6 is feedback assembly.1a1,1a2 ..., 1aN, 1b1,1b2 be the port of coupling mechanism 1.2a1,2a2,2bl are the port of coupling mechanism 2.
Fig. 2 is the method for taking out interference signal from the light source input port.7 is circulator, and 8 is coupling mechanism.7a, 7b, 7c are the port of circulator 7, and 8a, 8b, 8c are the port of circulator 8.
Fig. 3 is the frequency spectrum of the phase signal that demodulates from interference signal, and " zero " is frequency " trap point ".
Fig. 4 is a specific embodiments.The 9th, the Optical Fiber Composite cable.
Embodiment
Further describe the present invention below by embodiment.
Present embodiment as shown in Figure 4.Utilize the optical fiber in the Optical Fiber Composite cable 9 that the high-voltage partial discharge in this cable is monitored in this implementation method.
The light source that uses is the super super luminescence diode of SO3-B type (SLD) that 44 research institutes of main office of electronics group produce.Coupling mechanism 1 adopts the 3*3 fiber fuse of dividing equally to draw tapered monomode coupler, and coupling mechanism 2 adopts the 2*2 fiber fuse of dividing equally to draw tapered monomode coupler, is all Wuhan post and telecommunications research institute and produces.The optical fiber that the optical fiber delayer uses is G652 type single-mode fiber.The electrooptical device that uses in opto-electronic conversion and the information processing is the InGaAs photodetectors of 44 models of being produced as GT322C500.Feedback assembly 6 is an optical fiber connector AM aluminum metallization film production, and reflectivity is greater than 95%.
Light source from port one a1 input, interference signal is from two ports output of 1a2, the 1a3 interference signal of 3*3 coupling mechanism, utilize the interference signal initial phase of these two ports outputs differ into
Characteristic, demodulate the phase information that optical fiber is sensed.Interference signal through analog to digital conversion, carries out analyzing and processing by software to signal after handling through opto-electronic conversion and amplification etc., provides the position of high-voltage partial discharge.
Claims (6)
1. method of utilizing optical fiber that high-voltage partial discharge of power grid is surveyed and located, it is characterized in that adopting single core feedback white light interference structure, utilize the signal frequency composition characteristic that optical interference circuit obtained in the signal to determine the position of effluve, wherein:
Optical interference circuit is by N*M coupling mechanism (1), P*Q coupling mechanism (2), optical fiber delayer (3), and optical fiber (4) and feedback assembly (6) constitute; 1a1,1a2 ..., 1aN, 1b1,1b2 be the port of N*M coupling mechanism (1), 1a1,1a2 ..., 1aN is port in the same way, N altogether, 1b1,1b2 are M of another group two ports in the port in the same way of N*M coupling mechanism (1); 2a1,2a2,2b1 are the port of P*Q coupling mechanism (2), and 2a1,2a2 are one group of P, two ports in the port in the same way of P*Q coupling mechanism (2), and 2b1 is Q of another group port in the port in the same way of P*Q coupling mechanism (2); Optical fiber (4) is laid along the electrical network facilities that will monitor, is used for responding to the partial high pressure discharge; Feedback assembly (6) makes the light along Optical Fiber Transmission reenter optical fiber (4) and turns back to P*Q coupling mechanism (2); Light source is a wideband light source; Light source respectively through port one b1,1b2 output, forms two light paths through the port one a1 of N*M coupling mechanism (1) input after N*M coupling mechanism (1) beam split:
I：1b1→3→2a1→2b1→4→6→4→2b1→2a2→1b2
II：1b2→2a2→2b1→4→6→4→2b1→2a1→3→1b1
Here arrow is represented the transmission direction of light, and label is represented the parts of this label representative; Locate to join again at N*M coupling mechanism (1), interfere, interference signal respectively through port one a1,1a2 ..., 1aN output.
2. method according to claim 1, the light path connected mode that it is characterized in that taking out from the input port of light source interference signal is as follows, and light source is by circulator (7), or coupling mechanism (8) links to each other with the port one a1 of N*M coupling mechanism (1); 7a, 7b, 7c are the port of circulator (7), and 8a, 8b, 8c are the port of coupling mechanism (8), and wherein 8b and 8a are port in the same way, can take out interference signal from port 7b or 8b.
3. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that determining discharge position according to described light channel structure characteristic from the trap point and the following relation of partial high pressure discharge position:
Wherein, f
Null(k) be the frequency of k rank trap point, n
EffBe the effective refractive index of optical fiber, c is the light velocity, and L is the fiber lengths of discharge induction point (5) with feedback assembly (6).
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described light source is SLD or ASE light source.
5. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described N*M coupling mechanism (1) and P*Q coupling mechanism (2) are that fiber fuse draws tapered or waveguide type.
6. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described feedback assembly for realize by optical fiber connector plating reflectance coating or by have tail optical fiber, by the reflection unit that discrete optical device is realized, perhaps be faraday rotator mirror.
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| CN102288208A (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2011-12-21 | 复旦大学 | Method for improving effective interference optical intensity in interference optical path by using optical fiber amplifier |
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| CN102564477A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-07-11 | 复旦大学 | Interference light path structure with full polarization-maintaining function |
| CN103487067A (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2014-01-01 | 复旦大学 | Method and system for reducing scattered/reflected light interference on interference path by utilizing wavelength-division multiplexing technology |
| CN104297642A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2015-01-21 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Partial optical fiber discharge detecting system |
| CN105222881A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2016-01-06 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of multichannel optical fiber surround Launch Detection System based on process of heterodyning |
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| CN110133457A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-08-16 | 国网山东省电力公司临沂供电公司 | Power cable live testing apparatus for local discharge and method |
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| CN102288208A (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2011-12-21 | 复旦大学 | Method for improving effective interference optical intensity in interference optical path by using optical fiber amplifier |
| CN102419186A (en) * | 2011-09-13 | 2012-04-18 | 复旦大学 | Optical fiber sensing multiplexing method based on phase carrier multiplexing and system for realizing same |
| CN102419186B (en) * | 2011-09-13 | 2014-01-08 | 复旦大学 | Optical fiber sensing multiplexing method based on phase carrier multiplexing and system for realizing same |
| CN102564477A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-07-11 | 复旦大学 | Interference light path structure with full polarization-maintaining function |
| CN102564477B (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2014-09-03 | 复旦大学 | Interference light path structure with full polarization-maintaining function |
| CN103487067A (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2014-01-01 | 复旦大学 | Method and system for reducing scattered/reflected light interference on interference path by utilizing wavelength-division multiplexing technology |
| CN103487067B (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2016-05-11 | 复旦大学 | Utilize wavelength-division multiplex technique to subdue the method and system of interference path scattering, reverberation interference |
| CN104297642B (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2017-08-29 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | A kind of optical fiber partial discharge detecting system |
| CN104297642A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2015-01-21 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Partial optical fiber discharge detecting system |
| CN105222881B (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2018-09-11 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of multichannel optical fiber surround Launch Detection System based on heterodyne method |
| CN105222881A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2016-01-06 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of multichannel optical fiber surround Launch Detection System based on process of heterodyning |
| CN107045095A (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2017-08-15 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of optical fiber superfrequency compound sensor and GIS partial discharge detection means |
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| CN108872813B (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2020-12-15 | 太原理工大学 | Optical fiber pickup probe device for cable partial discharge detection |
| CN108872813A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-11-23 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of optical fiber pick-up probe device for cable local discharge detection |
| CN109696607A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-04-30 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of endoscope and image processing device applied to the diagnosis of arc extinguishing Experimental Optical |
| CN109696607B (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2021-03-02 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Endoscopic device applied to optical diagnosis of arc extinction experiment |
| CN109709461A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-05-03 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Partial discharge detecting system |
| CN110133457A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-08-16 | 国网山东省电力公司临沂供电公司 | Power cable live testing apparatus for local discharge and method |
| CN111220881A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-06-02 | 南京航空航天大学 | Optical fiber detection device for detecting discharge fault of high-voltage bushing |
| CN112014703A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-12-01 | 常州信息职业技术学院 | Robot inspection method under abnormal local discharge current of power pipe gallery |
| CN112285497A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-01-29 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司无锡供电分公司 | Partial discharge detection device of gas insulation equipment and gas insulation equipment |
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Application publication date: 20100825 |