CN101812849A - Offshore single-pile base structure and installation method thereof - Google Patents
Offshore single-pile base structure and installation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101812849A CN101812849A CN 201010142245 CN201010142245A CN101812849A CN 101812849 A CN101812849 A CN 101812849A CN 201010142245 CN201010142245 CN 201010142245 CN 201010142245 A CN201010142245 A CN 201010142245A CN 101812849 A CN101812849 A CN 101812849A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an offshore single-pile base structure and an installation method thereof. The structure comprises a tubular pile, a flange component and an annular platform, wherein the flange component comprises a flange disc and a flange hub, the flange hub is arranged on the inner wall of the flange disc, the flange hub is welded on the upper end of the tubular pile, and the upper part of the flange hub which is exposed out of the tubular pile and the flange disc is used as a striking lug boss; and an annular component is arranged on the wall of the tubular pile, and the annular platform is connected with the annular component through a bolt. The installation method comprises the following steps: barge positioning, pile feeding, pile sinking, hoisting and hammer stopping, and is characterized in that the lower end of the pile is clamped by a pile clamping device when striking the pile, and the lug boss on the top part of the flange hub is struck by a striking hammer, so the flange and the tubular pile are free from being damaged. The offshore single-pile base structure is applicable to shallow water area and middle-deep water area, and has simple and rapid construction, low cost and strong adaptability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of marine pile foundation type foundation structure and mounting method thereof, particularly about a kind of single pile foundation structure and mounting method thereof that is applicable to various ocean engineering structures, the especially offshore wind turbine of shallow water area.
Background technology
The ocean engineering of shallow water area especially offshore wind turbine foundation structure Design will be considered the influence of geological structure, offshore distance, sea turn, unrestrained load and ocean current, the ice etc. of sea bed, be divided into gravity, pile foundation type and bucket foundation formula etc. from form of structure, wherein be most widely used with pile foundation type foundation structure.Pile foundation type is divided into jacket-type and concrete bearing platform formula, and the concrete bearing platform formula generally is applied in the bridge pier structure, although cost is low, but because of its marine engineering amount big, cycle is long, can't overcome marine boisterous influence, is not therefore adopted by other offshore engineering structures.Jacket-type is widely used in the offshore engineering structure, be divided into several patterns such as three of only legs, three legs, four legs, it is the steel work prefabricated, the welding of carrying out steel work in land factory is prefabricated, arrive the installation site by barging, water under lifting of general employing crane barge or the slippage uses hydraulic pile hammer that piling bar is driven into the following projected depth of mud face, and connecting duct frame and piling bar at last are in the milk.The jacket-type supporting capacity is higher, and the depth of water scope of application is wider, but cost is very high, and spud leg is many, and the offshore construction cycle is still a bit long, for the compliance of marine harsh weather certain problem is arranged also.
Summary of the invention
At the problems referred to above, the purpose of this utility model provides that a kind of cost is low, the suitable ocean engineering of short construction period offshore single-pile base structure and the mounting method thereof installed of offshore wind turbine especially.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of offshore single-pile base structure is characterized in that: it comprises steel pipe pile and a ring-shaped platform of a flanged member; Described flange component is welded at the mouth of pipe place, upper end of described steel pipe pile, and both finish integral prefabricatedly on land, and an annular construction member also is set on the outer wall of described steel pipe pile, is connected by bolt with ring-shaped platform.Described steel pipe pile is taked necessary anti-corrosion measure, as whole japanning more than the mud face, and the perhaps local method that sacrificial anode is installed that adopts.Described flange component is the flange of a band boss and neck flange, and boss, neck flange and flange three can be shaped in integral cast, carry out machine according to design size.Described flange can be inner flange or outward flange as the connector of superstructure; The card of described flange and the axis normal of described pile tube; Described neck flange is flange component and the butt-welded transition portion of steel pipe pile port, and the general requirements external diameter is consistent with the steel pipe pile internal diameter, sheathed flange on the described neck flange; Described boss is (when being outward flange) or the outside (when for inner flange) in the flange inboard, generally exceeding that part of of flange by neck flange directly serves as, the contact surface of pile monkey and flange component when table top is piling also is simultaneously the transfer surface that transmits hammering energy to steel pipe pile.Described ring-shaped platform comprises operating platform, the cat ladder of going on board, by steelwork components such as ship spare and cable protecting tubes, and each parts is finished prefabricated and application on land by part, and assemble as a wholely, can adopt during assembling to be welded to connect or bolt is connected on the annular construction member.
A kind of method that above-mentioned single pile foundation structure is installed, its concrete steps are as follows:
1) shipment transportation: described steel pipe pile and ring-shaped platform are made in advance on land, be transported to the wharf apron, major-minorly on the crane barge ship collude cooperation the lifting of steel pipe pile and ring-shaped platform is gone on board, two parts are all lied down and are placed on the pre-designed transportation fixed support, and a number indicating a ship's order of departure can be adorned several covers more.Described crane barge ship is for band spud leg self lift type or sit end job type boats and ships, and is equipped with the hydraulic pressure pile clamping device;
2) boats and ships are in place: ship brings to and puts down spud leg after arriving the destination, makes hull expose the sea level, should adopt the bottom-sitting type boats and ships for the shallow water shoal area, handles boats and ships and sits the end and suitably fixing getting final product;
3) play stake: lay verticality on one's body at steel pipe pile and detect sign, hang an end suspension centre of steel pipe pile flange with the crane barge main hook, the auxilliary hook block of crane barge is lived the other end of steel pipe pile, after two hooks lift certain altitude, main hook promotes, auxilliary hook is transferred, till whole loads all are added on the main hook, make steel pipe pile vertically extract auxilliary hook block hook in the back, open the pile clamping device on the crane barge ship, handle the crane barge main hook steel pipe pile is inserted pile clamping device, main hook is transferred steel pipe pile is inserted in the mud by deadweight, after the manipulation pile clamping device is held pile body tightly, extract the main hook suspender;
4) pile sinking: with level gauge monitoring verticality sign, and operating hydraulically operated pile clamping device is adjusted steel pipe pile, vertical fully until pile body, handle the crane barge main hook hydraulic pile hammer of slinging, hammer is inserted in the steel pipe pile flange face from the top and begins to impact boss on the steel pipe pile flange component, continuous detection of vertical degree in the injection process finds that the skew back in time uses pile clamping device to be adjusted, behind design attitude, stop the hammer lifting up to pile sinking;
5) ring-shaped platform is installed: prepare suspender according to center of gravity, and hoist cable should have the function that can regulate length, pull such as employing and to lead chain etc., utilize the major-minor hook of crane barge to cooperate and finish ring-shaped platform lifting and setting, handle crane barge and make ring-shaped platform, handle hoist cable leveling ring-shaped platform and be connected with the tie point bolt of prepackage near steel pipe pile.
6) correction: adopt this kind method generally can make steel pipe pile flange face level, if it is unexpected, can realize correction according to the method for mechanical leveling, described mechanical leveling method is a kind of leveling method that adds steel plate washer that adopts when top equipment is installed, utilize the higher steel sheet of hardness to make a collection of different-thickness in advance, the fan-shaped steel plate washer of the standard of different sizes, determine the pad quantity that is encased inside according to the deviation size, specification and be encased inside the position, be encased inside between steel pipe pile flange face and the top vessel flange face, finish and adopt silica gel that encapsulation process is carried out in the flange face gap after top equipment is installed, reach the corrosion-resistant purpose.
The present invention is owing to taked above technical scheme, and it has the following advantages: 1, the present invention compares conventional foundation structure, and main body adopts the single pile structure, will save material greatly; A flange component is welded at mouth of pipe place in the upper end of pile body, and a boss is arranged on the flange component, and boss is a stressed member during piling, has avoided flange impaired.2, cancelled transition structure and grouting connection work, economical with materials has been saved the marine set-up time.3, a ring-shaped platform is set in stake, and is integral prefabricated installation, saved the marine set-up time.4, single pile foundation structure of the present invention is suitable for shallow water and Intermediate Water Depth zone, and construction is simple, quick, and expense is lower, and compliance is strong.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure sectional view of pile body of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the structure sectional view of flange component
Fig. 3 is annular steel platform scheme of installation
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that utilizes crane barge piling
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that utilizes crawler crane piling
Fig. 6 is that pile clamping device opens schematic diagram
Fig. 7 is that pile clamping device closes up schematic diagram
Fig. 8 is Fig. 7 pile clamping device side schematic view
The specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
As shown in Figure 1, single pile foundation structure main body of the present invention is one large diameter (steel pipe pile 1 of 3m～6m) when at sea driving piles, is erect steel pipe pile 1, and the lower end is driven under the mud face, surfaces in the upper end.Weld a flange component 2 at mouth of pipe place, the upper end of steel pipe pile 1.As shown in Figure 2, flange component 2 is made up of a flange 21, a neck flange 22 and a boss 23, and wherein boss 2 can self be formed by neck flange 22.Neck flange 22 is cemented on the annular inner wall of flange 21 in factory, neck flange 22 tops are protruded flange 21 and are just formed boss 23; Perhaps both are integral by as above form solid forging and also can with neck flange 22 and flange 21.
On the part that steel pipe pile 1 surfaces, also an annular construction member 3 radially is set around steel pipe pile 1.Annular construction member 3 can be to be welded on steel pipe pile 1 outer wall, also can with steel pipe pile 1 integral production, annular construction member 3 is used to place cable and equipment.
As shown in Figure 3, a ring-shaped platform 4 independently, comprise operating platform, the cat ladder of going on board, by steelwork components such as ship spare and cable protecting tubes, and each parts finishes prefabricated and application on land by part, and assembles as a whole.Ring-shaped platform 4 adopts and is welded to connect or bolt is connected on the annular construction member 3 then.
The present invention connects into an integral body with steel pipe pile 1 and flange component 2, has structurally saved rolled steel dosage greatly; To guarantee the planeness on flange 21 surfaces during simultaneously because of construction,, make pile driver directly contact, thereby avoided flange 21 to be damaged with boss 23 so neck flange 22 is made as the card that is higher than flange 21.Installation blower fan tower barrel (not shown) on flange 21.
Flange keeps level during for assurance piling, the invention provides following pile-driving method:
Crane barge piling is adopted in the profundal zone, and as shown in Figure 4, concrete steps are as follows:
1) barge location: single pile foundation structure provided by the invention is made in advance, be transported on the crane barge ship, the crane barge gear is equipped with from rising function and having spud leg, and ship brings to and puts down spud leg after arriving the destination, makes hull expose the sea level;
2) following: lay verticality on one's body at steel pipe pile and detect sign, hang an end suspension centre of steel pipe pile flange with the crane barge main hook, the auxilliary hook block of crane barge is lived the other end of steel pipe pile, after two hooks lift certain altitude, main hook promotes, auxilliary hook is transferred, till whole loads all are added on the main hook, make steel pipe pile vertically extract auxilliary hook block hook in the back, open the pile clamping device 5 on the crane barge ship, handle the crane barge main hook steel pipe pile is inserted pile clamping device, main hook is transferred steel pipe pile is inserted in the mud by deadweight, after handling pile clamping device and holding pile body tightly, extract the main hook suspender, make stake in the process that falls steadily and keep vertical state;
Shown in Fig. 6～8, pile clamping device 5 comprises that an end of 51, two semicircle hoops 51 of two semicircle hoops is articulated in the rotating shaft 52 jointly, can open or closure.The other end at two semicircle hoops 51 has the joint portion respectively, and correspondence offers bolt hole on the joint portion, when two semicircle hoop 51 closures, two semicircle hoops 51 can be locked by bolt 53.Pile clamping device 5 is connected with the retractable driving device of hull by rod member 6.
3) pile sinking: with level gauge monitoring verticality sign, and operating hydraulically operated pile clamping device is adjusted steel pipe pile, vertical fully until pile body, handle the crane barge main hook hydraulic pile hammer of slinging, utilize pile hammer to hit boss 23, the top of boss 23 is directly contacted with hammer, guarantee in the strike process that stake, hammer, pile clamping device three's center line is on same axis from the top of stake, continuous detection of vertical degree in the injection process finds that the timely use in skew back pile clamping device is adjusted;
4) stop hammer: after being driven into the degree of depth that designs under the mud face when stake, stop the hammer lifting.
The beach district uses crawler crane piling, and as shown in Figure 5, concrete steps are as follows:
1) at first barge is carried out structure of modification and load test: the crawler crane that will satisfy the lifting ability is fixed on the barge deck, and steel or wooden construction bed course are set between crawler crane and barge deck; Under the sea situation of 0.5 meter depth of water, carry out maximum lifting loading test at least, make that hull structural strength is good when loading, have enough is that rises after the unloading;
2) barge location: shallow-draft barge is entering construction area at the incoming tide, in order to guarantee piling quality, by the water level of adjusting lattice the inside, storehouse barge is suitably sat at the end, guarantees himself stability, by winch barge is located after barge casts anchor;
3) following: lay verticality on one's body at steel pipe pile and detect sign; After the ebb, hang an end suspension centre of steel pipe pile flange with the crane barge main hook, the auxilliary hook block of crane barge is lived the other end of steel pipe pile, after two hooks lifted certain altitude, main hook promoted, and auxilliary hook is transferred, till whole loads all are added on the main hook, make steel pipe pile vertically extract auxilliary hook block hook in the back; Open the pile clamping device 4 on the crane barge ship, handle the crane barge main hook steel pipe pile is inserted pile clamping device, main hook is transferred steel pipe pile is inserted in the mud by deadweight, after handling pile clamping device and holding pile body tightly, extracts the main hook suspender, make stake in the process that falls steadily and keep vertical state;
4) pile sinking: when stake drops to mud face place, utilize pile hammer to hit boss 23 from the top of stake, the top of boss 23 is directly contacted with hammer, in the pile driving process, the center line that guarantees stake, hammer, pile clamping device three is on same axis;
5) stop hammer: after being driven into the degree of depth that designs under the mud face when stake, stop the hammer lifting;
6) wait for once more at the incoming tide, utilize the tugboat machine that barge is dragged to next piling place, repeat 2)～5) step.
In the said process, if barge is sat and still can not be guaranteed behind the end enough stablely, need then on the quarter that both sides are provided with fluid pressure type or the stake of mechanical type stability, after barge was in place, stability stake insertion sea-bottom shallow provided stable support.
Claims (10)
1. offshore single-pile base structure, it is characterized in that: it comprises a pile tube, a flange component and a ring-shaped platform, described flange component comprises a flange and a neck flange, described neck flange is arranged on the inwall of described flange, and described neck flange is welded to the upper end of described pile tube, and described pile tube and flange are exposed in described neck flange top; Ring wall is provided with an annular construction member on the described pile tube, and described ring-shaped platform is connected with the annular construction member bolt.
2. a kind of offshore single-pile base structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described pile tube is a steel pipe pile, and is protected in surface integral body japanning or the local sacrificial anode protection that adopts.
3. a kind of offshore single-pile base structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described neck flange and flange are the integral cast moulding.
4. as claim 1 or 2 or 3 described a kind of offshore single-pile base structures, it is characterized in that: described neck flange is welded on the inwall of described pile tube or the outer wall all can.
5. as claim 1 or 2 or 3 described a kind of offshore single-pile base structures, it is characterized in that: described ring-shaped platform comprises operating platform, the cat ladder of going on board, by steelwork components such as ship spare and cable protecting tubes, and each parts is finished prefabricated and application on land by part, and assembles as a whole.
6. a kind of offshore single-pile base structure as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: described ring-shaped platform comprises operating platform, the cat ladder of going on board, by steelwork components such as ship spare and cable protecting tubes, and each parts is finished prefabricated and application on land by part, and assembles as a whole.
7. method to installing as the described offshore single-pile base structure of one of claim 1～6, it comprises the steps:
1) barge location: single pile foundation structure is made in advance, be transported on the crane barge ship, the crane barge gear is equipped with from rising function and having spud leg, and ship brings to and puts down spud leg after arriving the destination, makes hull expose the sea level;
2) following: lay verticality on one's body at pile tube and detect sign, hang an end suspension centre of pile tube flange with the crane barge main hook, the auxilliary hook block of crane barge is lived the other end of steel pipe pile, after two hooks lift certain altitude, main hook promotes, auxilliary hook is transferred, and till whole loads all are added on the main hook, makes pile tube vertically extract auxilliary hook block hook in the back; Open the hydraulic pressure pile clamping device on the crane barge ship, handle the crane barge main hook pile tube is inserted pile clamping device, main hook is transferred pile tube is inserted in the mud by deadweight, after handling pile clamping device and holding pile body tightly, extracts the main hook suspender, make stake in the process that falls steadily and keep vertical state;
3) pile sinking: when stake drops under water mud face place, utilize pile hammer to hit the top of described neck flange from the top, guarantee in the strike process that stake, hammer, pile clamping device three's center line is on same axis;
4) stop hammer: after stake is driven into the degree of depth that calculating is good in advance under the mud face, stop the hammer lifting.
8. the mounting method of a kind of offshore single-pile base structure as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: when driving piles in the profundal zone, its concrete steps are as follows:
1) barge location: described single pile foundation structure is made in advance, be transported on the crane barge ship, the crane barge gear is equipped with from rising function and having spud leg, and ship brings to and puts down spud leg after arriving the destination, makes hull expose the sea level;
2) following: hang an end of a flange with the crane barge main hook, vertically entry is stretched out a pile clamping device from ship simultaneously and is embraced pile body versatilely, makes stake keep vertical state in the process that falls;
3) pile sinking: when stake drops under water mud face place, utilize pile hammer to hit described neck flange top from the top, guarantee in the strike process that stake, hammer, pile clamping device three's center line is on same axis;
4) stop hammer: after being driven into the degree of depth that designs under the mud face when stake, stop the hammer lifting.
9. the mounting method of a kind of offshore single-pile base structure as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: when driving piles in the beach district, its concrete steps are as follows:
1) barge is carried out structure of modification and load test: the crawler crane that will satisfy the lifting ability is fixed on the barge deck, and steel or wooden construction bed course are set between crawler crane and barge deck; Under the sea situation of 0.5 meter depth of water, carry out maximum lifting loading test at least, make that hull structural strength is good when loading, have enough is that rises after the unloading;
2) barge location: barge is entering construction area at the incoming tide, by the water level of adjusting lattice the inside, storehouse barge is suitably sat at the end, by winch barge is located after barge casts anchor;
3) following: lay verticality on one's body at pile tube and detect sign, after the ebb, hang an end suspension centre of pile tube flange with the crane barge main hook, the auxilliary hook block of crane barge is lived the other end of pile tube, after two hooks lifted certain altitude, main hook promoted, and auxilliary hook is transferred, till whole loads all are added on the main hook, make pile tube vertically extract auxilliary hook block hook in the back; Open the hydraulic pressure pile clamping device on the crane barge ship, handle the crane barge main hook pile tube is inserted pile clamping device, main hook is transferred pile tube is inserted in the mud by deadweight, after handling pile clamping device and holding pile body tightly, extracts the main hook suspender, make stake in the process that falls steadily and keep vertical state;
4) pile sinking: when stake drops to mud face place, utilize pile hammer to hit the top of neck flange, in the pile driving process, the center line that guarantees stake, hammer, pile clamping device three is on same axis;
5) stop hammer: after stake is driven into the degree of depth that calculating is good in advance under the mud face, stop the hammer lifting;
6) wait for once more at the incoming tide, utilize the tugboat machine that barge is dragged to next piling place, repeat 2)～5) step.
10. the mounting method of a kind of offshore single-pile base structure as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: when driving piles in the beach district, if barge still can not guarantee enough to stablize after sitting the end, then both sides are provided with the stability stake on the quarter, after barge was in place, the stability stake was inserted into sea-bottom shallow stable support is provided.
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| CN101914921A (en) * | 2010-09-15 | 2010-12-15 | 徐国彬 | Novel type pile foundation for sea turn engineering and pile forming method thereof |
| CN102041813A (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2011-05-04 | 中国水电顾问集团华东勘测设计研究院 | Offshore wind generator single pile base structure with stabilizer fin |
| CN102182205A (en) * | 2011-05-18 | 2011-09-14 | 江苏海上龙源风力发电有限公司 | Construction process for single-pile wind turbine foundation in intertidal zone |
| CN102392446A (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2012-03-28 | 江苏海上龙源风力发电有限公司 | Construction technique for large single pile without transition segment |
| CN102628277A (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2012-08-08 | 中国水电顾问集团华东勘测设计研究院 | Transition section-free monopile offshore wind turbine foundation structure |
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| GB2506840A (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2014-04-16 | Offshore Design Engineering Ltd | Demountable pile stopper or cap with conical ring |
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