CN1018073B - Twisting arrangement for spinning of fibres - Google Patents

Twisting arrangement for spinning of fibres

Info

Publication number
CN1018073B
CN1018073B CN88108423A CN88108423A CN1018073B CN 1018073 B CN1018073 B CN 1018073B CN 88108423 A CN88108423 A CN 88108423A CN 88108423 A CN88108423 A CN 88108423A CN 1018073 B CN1018073 B CN 1018073B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
air duct
twisting
hole
twisting mechanism
fiber channel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
CN88108423A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN1034030A (en
Inventor
卡尔·汉德舒哈
汉斯·洛特梅尔
彼得·阿茨特
格哈德·埃格伯斯
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rieter Ingolstadt Spinnereimaschinenbau AG
Original Assignee
Schubert und Salzer Maschinenfabrik AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schubert und Salzer Maschinenfabrik AG filed Critical Schubert und Salzer Maschinenfabrik AG
Publication of CN1034030A publication Critical patent/CN1034030A/en
Publication of CN1018073B publication Critical patent/CN1018073B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02GCRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/02Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
    • D02G1/04Devices for imparting false twist
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01HSPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H1/00Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously
    • D01H1/11Spinning by false-twisting
    • D01H1/115Spinning by false-twisting using pneumatic means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
  • Joints Allowing Movement (AREA)

Abstract

A twister for spinning fibres into yarn comprises a channel for the passage of fibrous material and at least one air duct. The air duct extends from the periphery of the twister into the channel for the passage of fibrous material and is composed of elements. By this means, or by dividing the periphery of the passage channel in the region of the opening of the air duct into several elements, it is possible to manufacture air ducts whose cross-sectional area increases in the direction of the passage channel.

Description

Twisting arrangement for spinning of fibres
The present invention relates to a kind of twisting mechanism by the fiber spun yarn, it has the passage of fibrous material and the air duct that at least one periphery from twisting mechanism is stretched over the passage of fibrous material.
Known pneumatic twisting mechanism (DE-OS3301652) mainly by the passage of matrix, fibrous material, be designated hereinafter simply as fiber channel and at least one air duct is formed.Air duct is positioned among the matrix, and stretches in the fiber channel from the periphery of matrix.Air duct generally all be tangentially with bevel enter fiber channel.If air duct, just produces air twisting by the compressed air air feed in fiber channel, the fibrous material in fiber channel is just drawn in the twisting mechanism, is twisted simultaneously.(jeting effect just).
Known be air duct each other and the relative position between air duct and the fiber channel for quality of yarn important meaning (EP-OS0222981) is arranged.Therefore, must be noted that and to be arranged on air duct on the precalculated position in the twisting mechanism exactly and with as far as possible little tolerance.Problem is that the matrix of twisting mechanism is to be made by stone material (for example pottery) for the consideration of wearing and tearing, and this material is difficult to processing.In order to obtain a very good aligning air-flow at the air duct end, require air path length and its diameter to have a specific ratio, simultaneously, must make air path length can not be lower than a predetermined minimum of a value, to guarantee to produce a branch of air-spray.In addition, thus the cross sectional shape of air duct for air-flow is also extremely important for the result that spins efficiently efficiently.Be very long air duct hole with respect to its diameter particularly, almost can not avoid drill bit " skew " to occur, thereby produce bigger departing from respect to position of setting and shape to length.In order to reach higher precision, must increase the hole that very big expense manufacturing meets the requirements.This problem also proposed in United States Patent (USP) PS-4480435.
DE2552000 discloses a kind of twisting mechanism, it has the air duct that a fiber channel and three peripheries from twisting mechanism are stretched over fiber channel, this air duct is combined to form by the inlet of twisting nozzle and the parts with fiber channel, end at the twisting nozzle is provided with groove, and compressed air enters fiber channel through groove.
Task of the present invention is to create the twisting mechanism of described type, and it can accurately be made in simple and cheap mode.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of twisting mechanism with the fiber spun yarn, it includes:
A twisting body;
Article one, limit the fiber channel of an inwall; With
The air duct of at least one combination, the air duct of this combination have a longitudinal axis and are stretched over fiber channel from the periphery of twisting mechanism;
It is characterized in that:
The air duct of this combination be formed on twisting first hole in the body, that enter fiber channel with one pack into first hole be formed on coaxially twist in the body, have a sleeve in larger-diameter second hole and be combined to form, described sleeve has a through hole, and the air duct of described combination is vertical with its longitudinal axis and press close to twist the inwall setting of body but do not injure on the parting surface of inwall and separate basically.
In an advantageous embodiments of the present invention, can be formed in the hard material of twisting mechanism with position and point-device tolerance very accurately by the nearer hole of fiber channel, especially under the hole is very short situation.Abut against the front of fiber channel inwall and when not penetrating inwall as the parting surface of air duct of combination, this hole just can have the shortest length of permission, advantageously the less drill bit of diameter can keep very short, thereby because short lever arm, " skew " of drill bit in the hard material of twisting mechanism only produces very little moment of torsion.Conventional drill bit can withstand such moment of torsion.
Above-mentioned sleeve should insert the bottom than macropore ideally, and the transition from the sleeve to the twisting mechanism is seamless in air duct like this, makes the stream damage drop to minimum.
Sleeve can be used on the one hand the extending small diameter portion of air duct can be used for changing the size of the inlet opening of air duct on the other hand again.These two kinds of features can change in the air duct or the stream condition of air duct back.The material of sleeve can be identical with twisting mechanism, perhaps can be a kind of easy material processed.
If sleeve contain its aperture basically with twisting mechanism in the through hole of equal diameters in the hole that enters fiber channel, so, this through hole of sleeve can be used as the part of air duct.
If sleeve has the different through hole of diameter in less in its aperture and two coaxial apertures hole, see it is favourable from the angle of manufacturing technology.Therefore, sleeve can not dwindle the effective cross-section of air duct with respect to having little lateral shift than aperture and allow in two coaxial apertures.
The through-hole alignment that passes through the sleeve of being packed into enters the hole of fiber channel in twisting mechanism, thereby forms the air duct of a combination, has prolonged little air duct effectively.
Find also that in addition in order to obtain to spin efficiently, air duct should have one from 1: 3 to 1: 10 length to diameter ratio.
Decrease in order to be reduced in the stream of combination in the air duct, the through hole of sleeve can advantageously be designed so that the inlet opening taper funneling of the air duct that makes up.
In order to change the air-flow in the fiber channel, can will have in the sleeve insertion fiber channel of different through holes and/or length according to required stream condition.Like this, the requirement of the character of the material that just can adapt to different spinning parameters, for example will spin by the different sleeve of packing into, thus diameter, shape and the length of the through hole by changing sleeve influence the twisting in the fiber channel.Therefore, can reequip single twisting mechanism by changing sleeve by a detachable connected mode.
If sleeve diameter just can reduce machining accuracy less than the diameter in the hole of this sleeve of packing into and the gap of coming filling to produce therefrom with adhesive.In the air duct of combination, just can make the parts of air duct keep enough collimations by when bonding, inserting centring pin or its analog.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of twisting mechanism, it includes:
A twisting body;
Article one, limit a fiber channel inwall, that pass this twisting body; With
At least one air duct, this air duct have a longitudinal axis and are stretched over fiber channel from the periphery of twisting mechanism;
It is characterized in that:
This air duct passes an insertion by one and is formed on twisting through hole in the body and that enter the sleeve in the hole in the fiber channel and is formed.
If the sectional area of air duct increases along the direction towards fiber channel from the periphery of twisting mechanism at least in part, in air duct and the stream condition in the fiber channel will be favourable.This point can be strengthened by the cross sectional shape that changes air duct, for example, air duct is changed into elliptic cross-section by circular cross-section, and the area of elliptic cross-section is greater than the area of circular cross-section here.If the shape in two cross sections all is circular, this just means that air duct is conical, and cone angle is favourable between 5 ° and 10 °.
Air duct be minimum diameter should 0.6 and 0.2mm between.Minimum diameter can obtain best effect with 0.3mm.Up to now, it is expensive air duct being formed in the hard material of twisting mechanism always, and is in-problem aspect machining accuracy always.
The present invention has successfully created a kind of twisting mechanism that can make the accurate air duct of shape and position in simple and economic mode.In addition, successfully realize the cross section of diversified air duct, thereby can advantageously adapt to demands different when spinning.
Further explain embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal sectional view that contains the twisting mechanism of an oss-divided air duct of the present invention that I-the I line cuts along Fig. 2, the sleeve of not packing into;
Fig. 2 is the front view that has the twisting mechanism of the cylindrical sleeve of packing into;
Fig. 3 is the twisting mechanism that has the cylindrical sleeve of packing into of the present invention that I-the I line cuts along Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 is the embodiment of various sleeves;
Fig. 7 is the twisting mechanism that has the conical sleeve of packing into that the I-I line along Fig. 2 cuts;
Fig. 8 is the twisting mechanism of the sleeve that has eccentric through-hole that cuts of the I-I line along Fig. 2;
Fig. 9 is the transverse sectional view of the twisting mechanism of another embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the twisting body 1 of twisting mechanism contains two coaxial apertures 120 and 121 that diameter is different, and here, hole 120 forms the part of air duct 12, and twisting body 1 also is a part of air duct 12.For this reason, the hole 120 that has had the diameter d of desired air duct is stretched and is entered in the path 10 of fibrous material.Be designated hereinafter simply as fiber channel.Has a bottom 123 that is stretched near the place of fiber channel 10 with 120 holes 121 coaxial and that have than major diameter D, hole.Because coaxial aperture 120 and 121 axis we can say with the axis of fiber channel 10 at an angle, if the hole all is circular, the diameter D in the bigger hole 121 in two coaxial apertures is more little, hole 120 length l kJust short more, thus the processing in hole 120 is just accurate more.The bottom 123 in hole 121 will be stretched over the front of inwall near twisting body 1, but should not run into or the inwall of damaged fiber path 10 or weaken this inwall so that inwall breaks in sleeve patchhole 121 time or damages.Sleeve 2,3,4,5 or 6 constitutes another component part of twisting mechanism.
Fig. 2 is the front view of twisting body 1.Can clearly be seen that in the drawings coaxial aperture 120 and 121 axis 122 are from axis 100 transverse shifts of fiber channel 10.The result is that air-flow is tangentially introduced in the fiber channel 10, thereby air-flow is rotated in fiber channel 10 effectively.Since these two axis 100 with 122 laterally and in vertical direction mutually internally inconsistent, the result makes the place in fiber channel 10 the most close holes 121 be displaced to a side of these two axis 100 and 122 equally.The longitudinal profile of Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 is shown in Fig. 2 midship section I-I.
Fig. 3 illustrates the longitudinal profile of twisting body 1, the sleeve 2 of having packed in this twisting body.As shown in the figure, vertical hole 20 of sleeve 2 is the effective length l in hole 120 kProlonged the length l of a sleeve BTo new length overall lg, thereby form the air duct 12 that makes up.
Must in fact seamlessly the recline end face 21 of sleeve 2 of the bottom 123 in hole 121 decreases with the stream in the air duct 12 that reduces combination.
Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 illustrates other embodiment of sleeve 2.Different through holes 30,40 has different flow coefficients with 60 in the air duct 12 of combination, therefore produce different twisting effect and eddy current in fiber channel 10.Packing each sleeve 2,3,4,5 and must be noted that at 6 o'clock, must be in fact gapless from the transition of the end face 21,31,41,51 and 61 of sleeve 2,3,4,5 and 6 121 the bottom 123 to the hole, decreases to avoid stream.In addition, in each case, axis 22,32,42,52 must be aimed at axis 122, and the aperture d of sleeve 2,3,4,5 and 6 MMust be substantially equal to the diameter d of through hole.The funnel-form taper of through hole 30,40,60 helps the importing of air-flow, and eddy current and stream decrease all very little.Sleeve 2,3,4,5 can be made as twisting body 1 usefulness pottery equally with 6, perhaps uses easy material processed manufacturing, is not subjected to very big stress because the material does not here resemble the inlet of the air duct in fiber channel 10.Preferably adopt bonding, be pressed into or screw thread connects.
Adopt conical sleeve 6 to reduce the air path length l in the hard material of twisting body 1 significantly shown in Fig. 7 kSituation.Therefore, sleeve 6 can insert more deeply in the twisting body 1 and can not run into the inwall of fiber channel 10.
Fig. 8 illustrates the sleeve 5 of an insertion, and its through hole 50 is with respect to its outside diameter d ABe eccentric.Off-centre is produced by manufacturing tolerance, can appear on the sleeve 5, also can appear on the hole 120 and 121 of twisting body 1.As diameter D and d AWhen having evident difference, promptly D is significantly greater than d AThe time, can compensate off-centre.If sleeve 5 is packed into prejudicially, air duct 12 can be aimed at by for example using centring pin that hole 120 and 50 is with to guide on the desired position when assembling, thereby axis 122 and 52 is on the same straight line.The adhesive filling can be used in formed side clearance, and the side that adhesive is sealed the air duct 12 of combination simultaneously again prevents the air effusion.
Coaxial aperture 120 and 121 shown in Fig. 1,2 and 3 all is formed in the twisting body 1, and this twisting body is made with stone material, for example pottery in order to prevent to wear and tear.Therefore, the hole 120 and 121 in the pottery twisting body 1 of sintering is done more a little bit smallerly a little than actual size.A best step of hole 120 and 121 fine finishining finishes, and drill bit only removes material in a small amount, so hole 120 and 121 has only very little overall tolerance.
Except described embodiment, with the present invention the structural design that can also there be a large amount of other on the basis.For example can come separate out air passage 12 with the method for combination, that is to say, air duct can be according to helping making or helping improving the former of air-flow thereby be parallel to longitudinal axis simultaneously and come separately transverse to longitudinal axis.In addition, the invention still further relates to a kind of periphery from twisting body 1 stretch enter fiber channel 10 and contain the sleeve that occurs vertical separation of air duct 12 with the form of one or more grooves.Another may be to adopt 2,3,4,5 or 6 one in a plurality of sleeves to follow the air duct 12 that forms combination is set in another back.
The suitable material that is used for making the component parts of twisting body 1 for example is preformed sintered ceramic, and this material can just can obtain last shape and surface smoothness by very a spot of processing, because basic configuration forms.Even it also is relatively simple and easy that preformed sintered ceramic makes the processing of hard material.Therefore, when in the end being processed into the sub-assembly of twisting body 1, the shape of hole and groove and position can both be very accurate.
Fig. 9 illustrates the cross section of the twisting body 1 that is made of several component parts 17 and 18.A component parts of twisting mechanism, sleeve 17 contains a complete air duct 161.Twisting body 1 can separate like this, makes it to guarantee when unloading from both sides, particularly the side from fiber channel 10 can touch air duct 161.Thereby the air duct 161 that enlarges towards fiber channel 10 can simply and accurately create.
In many cases, three air ducts, 161 proofs being set is favourable to quality of yarn.Yet two air ducts 161 that for example are provided with as shown in Figure 9 also can be favourable.In Fig. 9, air duct 161 is arranged in the sleeve 17 in the body member 18 of twisting body 1 of packing into.As before, air duct 161 can be processed from its two apertures.Sleeve can be lifted down and change, and also can be contained in regularly in the body 18.Importantly to very carefully process component parts 17 and 18 and in fiber channel 10, amplexiform the edge, hang and cause when throwing off, in yarn, producing defective thereon to guarantee not have fiber.
The aperture that enters fiber channel 10 should be tangentially to enter basically, and fiber is twisted in path 10 consumingly.Because the shape that the taper of air duct 161 enlarges, air consumption obviously reduces, and improves the twisting effect on fiber simultaneously again.The minimum diameter k of air duct 161 and its cone angle are a crucial factors to obtaining best low air consumption and strong twisting effect.Minimum diameter can be obtained best effect during less than 0.6mm.Minimum diameter is that 0.3mm finds it is particularly advantageous.When diameter during, can not import minimum air requirement in the fiber channel 10 and guarantee that fibrous material has enough twisting less than 0.2mm.Cone angle can make between 10 ° the time fibrous material in fiber channel 10 obtain best vortex effect at 5 °.
Conical air duct 161 with circular cross section is better than columniform, because can obtain higher air velocity in passage 161.Find the air duct of this shape, compare, reduced air consumption and made fiber have bigger fracture strength, thereby improved the efficient of twisting mechanism with cylindrical air duct.
Fibrous material that adopts in order to adapt to and desired quality of yarn obtain good twisting and are shaped, and it also can be favourable that air duct 161 has the cross section that not only area increases but also shape also changes.For example, air duct can have a circular cross section on the periphery of twisting body 1, and has an oval-shaped cross section entering fiber channel 10 places, and its long end longitudinally axis 100 stretches, also can be along the circumferential direction stretching, extension of fiber channel 10.Certainly, this cross section is perpendicular to axis 122.
In addition, to enter in same plane also be favourable in the fiber channel 10 to air duct 161.As previously mentioned, such layout has increased the fracture strength of spun yarn significantly.
Because the front of the air duct 161 in sleeve 17 is provided with a cup (pre-chamber) 162, thereby the length l of air duct 161 can be changed.Cup 162 can also make even air ground flow in the air duct 161.
By adopting taper air duct 161, can reduce air consumption significantly, and the yarn that comes out has at least with the obtainable same fracture strength of cylindrical air duct.
Twisting mechanism shown in Figure 9 provides good spinning effect, and consumes less air.Thereby this point is not to prevent from air-flow or have harmful effect to reach to the fibrous material in the motion to cause owing to aperture that air duct 161 enters fiber channel 10 can especially accurately process.
The size of the twisting body 1 shown in Fig. 1 to 9 is overweening widely.Following table provides a notion of the actual size of twisting mechanism.
The external diameter 8.5mm of twisting body 1
The diameter 2.5mm of fiber channel 10
7 ° of cone angle
10 ° of tilt angle gamma
The minimum diameter 0.4mm of air duct 161
The length 20mm of twisting body 1

Claims (13)

1, a kind of twisting mechanism with the fiber spun yarn, it includes:
A twisting body (1);
A fiber channel (10) that limits an inwall; With
The air duct (12) of at least one combination; The air duct of this combination has a longitudinal axis and is stretched over fiber channel (10) from the periphery of twisting mechanism;
It is characterized in that:
The air duct of this combination (12) by be formed on first hole (120) in twisting body (1), that enter fiber channel (10) with one pack into first hole (120) be formed on coaxially in the twisting body (1), have one and be combined to form than the sleeve (2,3,4,5,6) in second hole (121) of major diameter (D), described sleeve has a through hole (20,30,40,50,60), the air duct of described combination (12) basically vertical with its longitudinal axis (122) and press close to twist the inwall of body (1) before be provided with but do not injure on the parting surface of inwall and separate.
2,, it is characterized in that the orifice diameter (d of the through hole (20,30,40,50,60) of sleeve (2,3,4,5,6) by the twisting mechanism of claim 1 M) be substantially equal in twisting body (1), enter the diameter (d) in first hole (120) in the fiber channel (10).
3,, it is characterized in that the opening that enters of the air duct (12) that makes up is the infundibulate taper towards fiber channel (10) by the twisting mechanism of claim 1.
4,, it is characterized in that the diameter (d of sleeve (2,3,4,5,6) by the twisting mechanism of claim 1 A) less than pack into second hole (121) in it of this sleeve.
5, a kind of twisting mechanism with the fiber spun yarn, it includes:
A twisting body (1);
A fiber channel (10) that limits an inwall; With
At least one air duct (161), this air duct have a longitudinal axis (122) and are stretched over fiber channel (10) from the periphery of twisting mechanism;
It is characterized in that:
This air duct (161) passes one by one and packs into and be formed on through hole in twisting body (1) and that enter the sleeve (17) in the hole in the fiber channel (10) and formed.
6,, it is characterized in that the cross-sectional area of air duct (161) increases along the direction towards fiber channel (10) by the twisting mechanism of claim 5.
7,, it is characterized in that air duct (161) enlarges by conical form by the twisting mechanism of claim 6.
8,, it is characterized in that taper cone angle partly is between 5 ° and 10 ° by the twisting mechanism of claim 7.
9,, it is characterized in that air duct (161) is connected on the periphery of twisting mechanism by the cup (162) that is formed in the sleeve (17) by the twisting mechanism of claim 5.
10, by the twisting mechanism of claim 5, it is characterized in that twisting body (1) and form by the part (18) that the longitudinal axis (122) along air duct (161) separates.
11, by each twisting mechanism in the claim 1 to 10, the minimum diameter (d) that it is characterized in that air duct (12,161) is less than 0.6mm, but is at least 0.2mm.
12, by the twisting mechanism of claim 11, it is characterized in that the minimum diameter (d) of air duct (12,161) is 0.3mm.
13, by each twisting mechanism in the claim 1 to 10, it is characterized in that air duct (12,161) has a length to diameter ratio of 1: 3 to 1: 10.
CN88108423A 1987-10-13 1988-10-13 Twisting arrangement for spinning of fibres Expired CN1018073B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3734566A DE3734566C2 (en) 1987-10-13 1987-10-13 Twister for spinning fibers into a thread
DEP3734566.4 1987-10-13

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1034030A CN1034030A (en) 1989-07-19
CN1018073B true CN1018073B (en) 1992-09-02

Family

ID=6338209

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN88108423A Expired CN1018073B (en) 1987-10-13 1988-10-13 Twisting arrangement for spinning of fibres

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0344233B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2823575B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1018073B (en)
DE (2) DE3734566C2 (en)
IN (1) IN172073B (en)
WO (1) WO1989003440A1 (en)

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CN100347362C (en) * 2003-10-16 2007-11-07 江苏宏源纺机股份有限公司 Silk-sucking mouth
CN100427654C (en) * 2006-07-28 2008-10-22 东华大学 Parallel plied yarn producing device

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US7681390B2 (en) * 2004-08-20 2010-03-23 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Spindle with injector duct and piecing method for an airjet spinning machine
DE102006018249A1 (en) * 2006-04-13 2007-10-18 Wilhelm Stahlecker Gmbh Spindle-shaped component for an air jet spinning device with an injection channel
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CN102433619A (en) * 2011-09-13 2012-05-02 江南大学 Novel method and device for processing vortex ring spun yarn
CN102433624A (en) * 2011-10-14 2012-05-02 江南大学 Device for changing twist of spinning segment of ring spinning
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100347362C (en) * 2003-10-16 2007-11-07 江苏宏源纺机股份有限公司 Silk-sucking mouth
CN100427654C (en) * 2006-07-28 2008-10-22 东华大学 Parallel plied yarn producing device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0344233B1 (en) 1993-12-29
JP2823575B2 (en) 1998-11-11
CN1034030A (en) 1989-07-19
DE3734566C2 (en) 1994-10-06
IN172073B (en) 1993-03-27
WO1989003440A1 (en) 1989-04-20
DE3886738D1 (en) 1994-02-10
JPH02501837A (en) 1990-06-21
DE3734566C1 (en) 1989-04-27
EP0344233A1 (en) 1989-12-06

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