CN101806214B - Ultra-deep well drilling simulation experiment device - Google Patents
Ultra-deep well drilling simulation experiment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101806214B CN101806214B CN2010101436749A CN201010143674A CN101806214B CN 101806214 B CN101806214 B CN 101806214B CN 2010101436749 A CN2010101436749 A CN 2010101436749A CN 201010143674 A CN201010143674 A CN 201010143674A CN 101806214 B CN101806214 B CN 101806214B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ultra-deep well drilling simulation experiment device which mainly comprises a drilling system, an autoclave system, a rock sample heating and pressurizing system, a detecting system, a data acquiring system (22) and a computer data processing system (21). The drilling system comprises a frame, a power head system, a drilling fluid system and a hydraulic system; the autoclave system mainly comprises a dynamic sealing device (9), a pressure vessel (18), a drilling rod column (19), a bit (23), a hoop (25) and an experiment bench (29); the detecting system mainly comprises a parameter detecting system and a temperature and pressure detecting system; a programmable logic controller (PLC) is connected with the computer data processing system (21); a rock sample is put on the experiment bench (29); a resistance wire is used for heating the rock sample; a rock sample clamping and pressurizing mechanism (24) is used for pressurizing the rock sample; and the drilling system is used for drilling the rock sample. The ultra-deep well drilling simulation experiment device is used under the high-temperature and high-pressure condition.
Description
Affiliated technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of ultra-deep well drilling simulation experiment device.
Background technology:
Along with the active demand of the mankind to the energy, constantly extend in the zone of oil gas and mineral exploration and exploitation, and with the deep-well more than the interior shallow-layer well 4500m till now and the ultradeep well more than the 6000m, the degree of depth of drilling well is more and more darker by 1000m, and the difficulty of probing is increasing.Because the stratum of deep-well and ultradeep well has high-temperature, high pressure, its drilling process and shallow-layer probing have very large difference.Usually adopt drilling simulation experiment that actual drilling process is simulated in the laboratory, the parameters of test drilling process, realization is to performance test and the evaluation of drilling tool, drill bit, drilling process, rock sample, drilling fluid etc., by the relation of statistics and analysis parameters, instruct the setting of actual drilling technical parameter and the exploitation of new drilling tool.
At present, drilling simulation experiment device all carries out under normal temperature and pressure or cryogenic conditions, is not used under the simulation ultradeep well high-temperature and high-pressure conditions." development of little brill experimental bench and application " (coal field geology and exploration, 2002, the little brill experimental bench that 30:63-64) relates to can be realized parameters such as the performance of drilling process monitoring, the classification of rock sample drillability, drilling tool and life-span, but can not realize the drilling process simulation of ultradeep well high-temperature and high-pressure conditions.The experimental facilities that patent CN1176741C relates to can be simulated probing and the recovery process of gas hydrates under the cryogenic conditions, but can not realize the simulation to ultradeep well rock drilling process.The experiment instrument that patent CN101144805A relates to can be tested the performance indications of drilling fluid under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, but can not realize the simulation of drilling process.There are the bench test device that can be used for simulating the ultradeep well high-temperature and high-pressure conditions in Russia and the U.S., and experimental facilities cost height is bulky, are unsuitable for the desk research test.Do not retrieve as yet and be fit to the drilling simulation experiment device at the ultradeep well high-temperature and high-pressure conditions that use in the laboratory.Experimental facilities is crept in the simulation that the invention provides under a kind of ultradeep well high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, can realize the drilling parameter monitoring in the ultradeep well simulation drilling process.
Summary of the invention:
At above-mentioned deficiency, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ultra-deep well drilling simulation experiment device, experimental facilities is used for the high-temperature and high-pressure conditions of simulation ultradeep well, also can be used for simulating drilling process.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: ultra-deep well drilling simulation experiment device, it mainly is made up of with compression system, detection system and data collecting system (22), computer data processing system (21) drilling system, autoclave system, rock sample heating.
Described ultra-deep well drilling simulation experiment device, the drilling rod of drilling system extend in the autoclave system by the drilling rod hole of pressure vessel (18), air feed is connected with the air inlet port (28) of autoclave by pipeline with supercharging, heating partly is positioned at the autoclave internal system with temperature control, heat by resistance wire, by thermocouple (5) temperature of rock sample is tested, by rock sample clamping pressing mechanism (24) rock sample is pressurizeed, detection system is mainly by drilling parameter detection system and temperature, pressure detecting system is formed, the drilling parameter detection system is connected with PLC (22) by lead, temperature, pressure detecting system is directly read by temperature pick up and pressure meter, and PLC (22) is connected with computer data processing system (21).
Described drilling system is made up of support body, unit head system, drilling fluid system, hydraulic system.
Described support body is made up of support (3), track base (14), column (4).Support (3) is the base of whole experiment porch, and column (4) is installed in the base both sides, and track base (14) is installed on two columns.Support body is the support of whole power platform, and lead is installed, and for unit head provides support and leads, and bears the countertorque that unit head feeds power countertorque and rotary torque.Track base is connected with support by column, drilling system is installed on the track base and realizes creeping into motion by hydraulic system, rock sample is fixed on the experimental bench by hydraulic system, and data collecting system is by being installed in bearing portion, and data collecting system is connected with computer data processing system by lead.
Described unit head system is made up of variable-frequency motor (13), drilling rod (19), water tap (16), drill bit (23).Variable-frequency motor (13) is installed on the track base (14), variable-frequency motor (13) output is connected to the transmission ends of water tap (16), the input of water tap (16) is received the output interface of drilling fluid system, water tap (16) output is connected to drilling rod (19), drilling rod is equipped with the drilling parameter detection system on (19), and the output of drilling rod is connected to drill bit (23).
Described drilling fluid system is made up of high pressure slurry pump (15), drilling fluid flowing indicator (L1), drilling fluid, drilling fluid collection container (2) and pipeline.Slush pump (27) is connected with drilling fluid flowing indicator (L1) by pipeline, through water tap (16) drilling fluid is input in the autoclave, and drilling fluid flows in the drilling fluid collection container (2) through pipeline by drilling fluid outlet (1).
Described hydraulic system is by fuel tank, and hydraulic pump, hydraulic valve and hydraulic cylinder (11) are formed.Hydraulic pump one end is connected with fuel tank by oil pipe, and the other end is connected with hydraulic cylinder.Hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the top board (12) by two bearings (10) up and down.Hydraulic system mainly is divided into three branch roads, and a branch road is controlled creeping into of drilling system, rising and the decline of a branch road controlled pressure container (18), and other branch road control rock sample clamping pressing mechanism (24) is to the plus-pressure of rock sample.
Described autoclave system mainly is made up of dynamic sealing device (9), pressure vessel (18), drill string (19), drill bit (23), hoop (25), experimental bench (29).Gas vent (8), pressure meter (7), observation port, air inlet port (28), drilling fluid outlet (1) are housed on the pressure vessel; Pressure vessel inside is reaction chamber, and the top and the bottom of pressure vessel are sealed fixedly connected by hoop (25); The pressure vessel top has the drilling rod hole, drill string (19) passes the drilling rod hole, drill string (19) is connected with pressure vessel dynamic sealing device (9), and an end of drill string (19) is connected with drill bit (23) and is positioned at reaction chamber, and the other end is connected with variable-frequency motor.
Described rock sample heating and compression system are mainly by rock sample clamping pressing mechanism (24), and resistive heater and temperature thermocouple are formed.Rock sample clamping pressing mechanism (24) effect is clamping rock sample, and mobile rock sample that can be among a small circle, by hydraulic system rock sample is pressurizeed, and the thermocouple of resistive heater and thermometric is arranged around the clamping device, and rock sample is heated and temperature control.
Described detection system is made up of drilling parameter detection system and temperature, pressure detecting system.Wherein the drilling parameter detection system mainly is made up of bit weight sensor, torque sensor, speed probe, drilling depth sensor, and bit weight sensor, torque sensor, speed probe, drilling depth sensor are connected with PLC (22) by lead respectively; Temperature, pressure detecting system are then read by temperature pick up and pressure meter respectively.
Described data collecting system is made up of PLC (22), and PLC (22) links to each other with computer data processing system (21) by lead, is collection and the control module of realizing data.
Described computer data processing system is made up of computer data processing system (21), by demonstration and the control of microcomputer realization to experimental data.
High-temperature and high-pressure conditions and the microdrill of the ultra-deep well drilling simulation experiment device simulation rock sample that the present invention relates to combine, the high-temperature and high-pressure conditions of simulation mohole drilling, can realize the monitoring of drilling parameter in the drilling process, can satisfy multiple scientific experiment research, have multiple functional and the automaticity advantages of higher.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of ultra-deep well drilling simulation experiment device
Fig. 2 is the system works principle sketch of ultra-deep well drilling simulation experiment device
Fig. 3 is the rock sample clamping pressing mechanism structural representation of ultra-deep well drilling simulation experiment device
Among Fig. 1, the outlet of 1-drilling fluid, 2-drilling fluid collection container, 3-support, the 4-column, 5-thermocouple, 6-rock sample, 7-pressure meter, the 8-steam vent, 9-dynamic sealing device, 10-hydraulic cylinder bearing, 11-hydraulic cylinder, the 12-top board, 13-variable-frequency motor, 14-track base, 15-high pressure slurry pump, the 16-water tap, 17-sensor, 18-pressure vessel, the 19-drilling rod, 20-column, 21-computer data processing system, 22-PLC, 23-drill bit, 24-rock sample clamping pressing mechanism, the 25-hoop, 26-bearing, 27-vacuum pump, the 28-air inlet port, 29-experimental bench, 30-guide rail, the L1-drilling fluid flowing indicator, V1, V2-valve.
Among Fig. 3,1-rock sample, 2-thermocouple, 3-hydraulically operated fixture, 4-resistive heater, 5-movable clip block, 6-handle.
The specific embodiment:
As shown in Figure 1, the ultra-deep well drilling simulation experiment device that the present invention relates to, it mainly is made up of with compression system, detection system and data collecting system (22), computer data processing system (21) drilling system, autoclave system, rock sample heating.
Described ultra-deep well drilling simulation experiment device, the drilling rod of drilling system extend in the autoclave system by the drilling rod hole of pressure vessel (18), air feed is connected with the air inlet port (28) of autoclave by pipeline with supercharging, heating partly is positioned at the autoclave internal system with temperature control, heat by resistance wire, by thermocouple (5) temperature of rock sample is tested, by the plus-pressure of HYDRAULIC CONTROL SYSTEM rock sample clamping pressing mechanism (24) to rock sample, detection system is mainly by drilling parameter detection system and temperature, pressure detecting system is formed, the drilling parameter detection system is connected with PLC (22) by lead, temperature, pressure detecting system is become by temperature pick up and pressure directly to be read, and PLC (22) is connected with computer data processing system (21).
Below be experimental principle and the operation using method that example illustrates this experimental facilities with simulation drilling process parameter monitoring just.
1, as Fig. 3 rock sample (1) is clamped on the experimental bench by rock sample clamping pressing mechanism, the fixture block clamping area of chuck is the V font, to adapt to the irregularly shaped of sample.Guide rail is arranged at rock sample clamping pressing mechanism bottom, can pass through mobile rock sample, is implemented in that the rock sample different parts creeps into, the bottom half of rock sample clamping pressing mechanism has passage, and slurry flows is gone in the supporting plate, again through the runner of supporting plate from taking over outflow, enter mud pit.Also have equally distributed 8 resistive heaters (4) to realize heating to rock sample around the rock sample, with the condition of simulation ultradeep well high temperature, rock sample clamping pressing mechanism pressurizes to rock sample by hydraulic system, with the condition of high voltage of simulation ultradeep well.
2, drilling rod (19) extend in the pressure vessel through the drilling rod hole of pressure vessel (18) top and is connected with drill bit, and with dynamic sealing device drilling rod hole, top is sealed, utilize hydraulic system that pressure vessel is closed, clamp sealing with hoop (25), vacuum pump (27) is pressed into air in the autoclave through air inlet port (28) by pipeline, detects pressure in the autoclave at any time by pressure meter (7).
3, utilize hydraulic cylinder (11) track base (14) to be raised to the height of an appointment, connect power supply then, open variable-frequency motor (13), motor drives drill string (19) by shaft coupling and then drives drill bit (23) rotation realizes the downward motion of creeping into, control rate of penetration well, in drilling process by water tap (16) and drill string (19) constantly to rock sample (6) injection drilling fluid, control the flow of drilling fluid well with drilling fluid flowing indicator (L1), till the bottom of getting into rock sample (6).The simulation that can realize ultradeep well HTHP drilling process of creeping into to rock sample.
4, as shown in Figure 2, the drilling speed sensor that is installed in the system will be utilized in the step (2), torque sensor, bit weight sensor, the drilling speed that drilling depth sensor and drilling liquid flow quantity sensor record, moment of torsion, the pressure of the drill, data messages such as drilling depth amount and mud flow rate are delivered in the computer data processing system by PLC (22) and lead, and show at the display of system, utilize routine analyzer to draw out curve automatically and make suitable judgement according to these information of collecting, draw the situation that influences of ultradeep well probing, obtain the operating mode of the most suitable probing work, the time of whole drilling process can be come record with the timer of microcomputer inside.
When 5, experiment finishes, the gas in the autoclave is discharged through steam vent (8), with the drilling fluid in the autoclave through drilling fluid outlet (1) and discharge of pipes in drilling fluid collection container (2).
Patent ultra-deep well drilling simulation experiment device of the present invention has versatility, goes for simulation and the technical study of the drilling process under the ultradeep well high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, and a kind of experimental facilities that the mohole drilling high-temperature and high-pressure conditions creeps into of simulating is provided.
Claims (2)
1. ultra-deep well drilling simulation experiment device, it mainly is made up of drilling system, autoclave system, rock sample heating and compression system, detection system and data collecting system, computer data processing system (21); It is characterized in that,
Described drilling system is made up of support body, unit head system, drilling fluid system, hydraulic system,
Described support body is made up of support (3), track base (14), column (4), and support (3) is the base of whole experimental bench, and column (4) is installed in the base both sides, and track base (14) is installed on two columns;
Described unit head system is made up of variable-frequency motor (13), drilling rod (19), water tap (16), drill bit (23), variable-frequency motor (13) is installed on the track base (14), the output of variable-frequency motor (13) is connected to the transmission ends of water tap (16), the input of water tap (16) is received the output interface of drilling fluid system, the output of water tap (16) is connected to drilling rod (19), drilling rod is equipped with the drilling parameter detection system on (19), and the output of drilling rod is connected to drill bit (23);
Described drilling fluid system is made up of high pressure slurry pump (15), drilling fluid flowing indicator (L1), drilling fluid, drilling fluid collection container (2) and pipeline, slush pump (27) is connected with drilling fluid flowing indicator (L1) by pipeline, through water tap (16) drilling fluid is input in the autoclave system, drilling fluid flows in the drilling fluid collection container (2) through pipeline by drilling fluid outlet (1);
Described hydraulic system is made up of fuel tank, hydraulic pump, hydraulic valve and hydraulic cylinder (11), hydraulic pump one end is connected with fuel tank by oil pipe, the other end is connected with hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the top board (12) by two bearings (10) up and down, hydraulic system mainly is divided into three branch roads, article one, branch road is controlled creeping into of drilling system, the opening and closing of a branch road control autoclave system, and other branch road control rock sample clamping pressing mechanism (24) is to the plus-pressure of rock sample;
Described autoclave system is mainly by dynamic sealing device (9), pressure vessel (18), drill string (19), drill bit (23), hoop (25), experimental bench (29) is formed, contain gas vent (8) on the pressure vessel, pressure meter (7), observation port, air inlet port (28), drilling fluid outlet (1), pressure vessel inside is reaction chamber, the top and the bottom of pressure vessel are sealed fixedly connected by hoop (24), the pressure vessel top has the drilling rod hole, drill string (19) passes the drilling rod hole, drill string (19) is connected with pressure vessel dynamic sealing device (9), one end of drill string (19) is connected with drill bit (23) and is positioned at reaction chamber, and the other end is connected with microdrill;
Described rock sample heating mainly is made up of rock sample clamping pressing mechanism (24), resistive heater and temperature thermocouple with compression system, the effect of rock sample clamping pressing mechanism (24) is clamping rock sample, and among a small circle mobile rock sample, by hydraulic system rock sample is pressurizeed, around the rock sample clamping pressing mechanism described resistive heater and temperature thermocouple are arranged, rock sample is heated and temperature control;
Air feed is linked to each other with the air inlet port (28) of autoclave system by pipeline with supercharging device, track base (14) is connected with support (3) by column (4), drilling system is installed in track base (14) and upward realizes creeping into motion by hydraulic system in the autoclave system, rock sample (6) is fixed on the experimental bench, by resistive heater rock sample is heated, by rock sample clamping pressing mechanism (24) rock sample is pressurizeed, data collecting system is installed on the drilling rod, and data collecting system is connected with computer data processing system (21) with PLC (22) by lead.
2. ultra-deep well drilling simulation experiment device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described detection system is made up of drilling parameter detection system and temperature, pressure detecting system, wherein the drilling parameter detection system mainly is made up of bit weight sensor, torque sensor, speed probe, drilling depth sensor, bit weight sensor, torque sensor, speed probe, drilling depth sensor are connected with PLC (22) by lead respectively, and temperature, pressure are then read by temperature pick up and pressure meter respectively.
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