CN101783185B - Reducing accumulation of dust particles on a heat dissipating arrangement - Google Patents

Reducing accumulation of dust particles on a heat dissipating arrangement Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101783185B
CN101783185B CN200910221449XA CN200910221449A CN101783185B CN 101783185 B CN101783185 B CN 101783185B CN 200910221449X A CN200910221449X A CN 200910221449XA CN 200910221449 A CN200910221449 A CN 200910221449A CN 101783185 B CN101783185 B CN 101783185B
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Prior art keywords
fan
heat exchanger
pulsation
angle
rotation
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN200910221449XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN101783185A (en
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N·戈埃尔
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Intel Corp
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Intel Corp
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/004Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids by varying driving speed
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/70Suction grids; Strainers; Dust separation; Cleaning
    • F04D29/701Suction grids; Strainers; Dust separation; Cleaning especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/20009Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a gaseous coolant in electronic enclosures
    • H05K7/20136Forced ventilation, e.g. by fans
    • H05K7/20172Fan mounting or fan specifications
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A method and apparatus to reduce dust particles accumulated on one or more surfaces provisioned proximate to the pulsating fan. The surfaces may include a heat exchanger provisioned proximate to the pulsating fan and the blades of the pulsating fan or any other such surface. The pulsating fan may be rotated in a first direction for a first time duration and in a second direction for a second time duration. The dust particles that are accumulated on the one or more surfaces provisioned proximate to the pulsating fan is reduced while the pulsating fan is rotated in the second direction. The second direction of rotation is reverse to the first direction of rotation. The pulsating fan may comprise an axial fan or a centrifugal fan.

Description

Reduce dust granule gathering on heat abstractor
Background technology
The system that comprises electronic system or automotive system or air-conditioning system can comprise heat generating components.In electronic equipment, microprocessor or graphics device or any other such equipment all may generate heat.Can use heat abstractor to disperse the heat of generation.Heat abstractor can comprise the combination of fan and heat exchanger or air cooling equipment.Can above heat-producing device, flow to disperse the heat that these equipment produce by making air.When air flows, can shift the heat of generation, dispel the heat thus.
Usually, fan comprises blade, and member that provides along the axle of fan is provided for it, and the rotation of blade causes that air flows.In addition, can provide the heat exchanger that comprises highly heat-conductive material near fan, such arrangement can more promptly be dispelled the heat.Yet when rotated, air flows and may cause a large amount of dust granules to accumulate on the blade surface of heat exchanger and fan.Through after a while, the gathering of this dust granule may form adiabatic and heat transfer layer not, and this may hinder the circulation of air.This situation may reduce heat dissipation capacity, and this may cause performance, human engineering (ergonomic) and other similar problem.
Description of drawings
In the accompanying drawings by way of example and unrestricted mode is illustrated invention described herein.Simple and clear and clear for what illustrate, might not proportionally draw parts illustrated in the accompanying drawing.For example, for clear, the size of some parts can be exaggerated with respect to other parts.In addition, being considered to suitable place, repeated reference number in the accompanying drawings, to indicate correspondence or similar parts.
Fig. 1 has illustrated the device 110 and 150 according to embodiment, and they comprise respectively and rotate up to reduce the pulsation gathered (pulsating) tubeaxial fan (axial fan) of dust on heat exchanger at first direction and second party.
Fig. 2 has illustrated line chart 210 and 250, and they have described to rotate up the moving direction of space-time air-flow at first direction and second party respectively when the pulsation tubeaxial fan.
Fig. 3 shows the picture of heat abstractor 110.
Fig. 4 shows the picture of the heat abstractor 150 that comprises the pulsation tubeaxial fan that can rotate at first and second both directions.
Fig. 5 has illustrated the device 510 and 550 according to embodiment, and they comprise and can rotate up to reduce the fluctuation centrifugal formula fan (centrifugal fan) that gather of dust on heat exchanger at third direction and four directions respectively.
Fig. 6 has illustrated line chart 610 and 650, and they have been described when fluctuation centrifugal formula fan impact (impingement) direction when third direction and four directions rotate up respectively.
Fig. 7 shows the picture of heat abstractor 510.
Fig. 8 shows the picture of the heat abstractor 550 that comprises the fluctuation centrifugal formula fan that can rotate at third and fourth both direction.
Fig. 9 has illustrated and wherein the fluctuating wind fan device be used for has been reduced the computer system gathered 900 of dust on heat exchanger according to embodiment.
Embodiment
Following declarative description reduce dust gathering on heat abstractor.In the following description, the present invention that understands for more thorough has set forth many details, for example, and the logic realization of assembly or copy realization, type and mutual relationship.Yet one of skill in the art will appreciate that not to have putting into practice the present invention under the situation of these details.In other example, be not shown specifically structure in order to avoid blured the present invention.Those skilled in the art utilize included explanation, need not just to test improperly to realize appropriate functional.
" embodiment " who quotes in instructions, the described embodiment of " embodiment " or " exemplary embodiment " indication can comprise special characteristic, structure or characteristic, but, be not that each embodiment necessarily comprises described special characteristic, structure or characteristic.In addition, these phrases might not refer to same embodiment.In addition, when describing special characteristic, structure or characteristic in conjunction with an embodiment, think and no matter whether clearly describe, those skilled in the art can realize this feature, structure or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiment in its ken.
The embodiment that is used for reducing the pulsation tubeaxial fan that gather of dust on heat exchanger in heat abstractor 110 and 150 has been described in Fig. 1.In one embodiment, device 110 comprises pulsation tubeaxial fan 120 and heat exchanger 130.In one embodiment, pulsation tubeaxial fan 120 can be in direction 135 rotation, and direction 105 and direction 106 can be represented the inflow of air respectively and flow out direction.In one embodiment, the air of the axle of moving axis streaming fan (direction 105) conduction along the pulse may comprise dust granule.
In one embodiment, may transport dust granule towards blade and the heat exchanger 130 of pulsation tubeaxial fan 120 along direction 105 flow air.In one embodiment, dust granule may gather at blade and the heat exchanger 130 of pulsation tubeaxial fan 120.In one embodiment, gathering of dust granule may form staubosphere 140.In one embodiment, staubosphere 140 may reduce the circulation of air and therefore may reduce heat dissipation capacity.In one embodiment, the reduction of heat dissipation capacity may increase the temperature of heat generating components, and therefore may reduce the performance of heat generating components.In one embodiment, figure 3 illustrates the picture of heat abstractor 110, this figure has illustrated dust granule 340 gathering on the blade of pulsation tubeaxial fan 120 and heat exchanger 370.
In one embodiment, dust granule can comprise small solid particle or fiber medium or other analogous components.In one embodiment, dust granule can produce from various sources, for example, and the hair of earth, people's Skin Cell, the pollen of plant, animal, textile fibres, paper fiber and other similar particle.
In one embodiment, heat abstractor 150 can comprise pulsation tubeaxial fan 120 and heat exchanger 130.Yet the sense of rotation of pulsation tubeaxial fan 120 can be reverse, shown in second direction 185.In one embodiment, pulsation tubeaxial fan 120 can rotate up in first party in suitable one period duration, and can rotate up in second party off and on, and described second direction is the opposite direction of first direction.In one embodiment, the pulsation tubeaxial fan 120 in second direction 185 rotations can produce along the suction pressure of direction 155-156.In one embodiment, the suction pressure that is produced by the rotation of pulsation tubeaxial fan 120 can be removed the dust granule of staubosphere 140.In one embodiment, remove dust granules from staubosphere 140 and can reduce dust granule gathering on the blade of pulsation tubeaxial fan 120 and heat exchanger 130.In one embodiment, figure 4 illustrates the picture of the heat abstractor 150 that comprises the pulsation tubeaxial fan that can rotate at first and second both directions.In one embodiment, the caption of Fig. 4 when pulsation tubeaxial fan 310 when on first direction 135 and second direction 185, periodically rotating, the minimizing of the dust granule 340 that gathers.In one embodiment, pulsation tubeaxial fan 310 can be longer than pulsation tubeaxial fan 310 in the duration of second direction 185 rotations basically in the duration of first direction 135 rotations.
In one embodiment, the removal of dust granule can keep heat exchanger not have staubosphere 340 basically.This method can be so that heat-producing device can be with the estimated performance horizontal operation.In one embodiment, this method can be avoided the obstruction to heat radiation basically.In one embodiment, avoid can also avoiding heat-producing device overheated to the obstruction of heat radiation, the temperature with equipment maintains in the restriction of human engineering thus.This method can also be kept the cleanliness on the surface of the pulsation blade of tubeaxial fan 310 and heat exchanger 370, improves the aesthetic property of device thus.
In one embodiment, pulsation tubeaxial fan 310 can be in 135 rotations of first sense of rotation in the quite a while.In one embodiment, pulsation tubeaxial fan 310 can rotate in second direction 185 in one period short duration when particular event takes place, and described second direction 185 is reverse directions of first direction 135.In one embodiment, described particular event can comprise: having passed through pulsation tubeaxial fan 310 can be in the duration of one section regulation of first direction 135 rotations, if perhaps the temperature of heat-producing device surpasses preset level, perhaps startup and shut down event and other similar incidents.In one embodiment, time tracking equipment can be used for tracking time, and temperature sensor can be used for the temperature of sensing heat-producing device.
Line chart 210 and 250 have been described in Fig. 2, and they have described to rotate the moving direction of space-time air-flows in direction 135 and 185 respectively when pulsation tubeaxial fan 120.In one embodiment, the pulsation rotation of tubeaxial fan 120 on direction 135 can cause that air flows along direction 105-106, and this can impel dust granule gathering on the blade of pulsation tubeaxial fan 120 and heat exchanger 130.In one embodiment, in case make the sense of rotation of pulsation tubeaxial fan 120 reverse, pulsation tubeaxial fan 120 can cause sucking air along direction 155-156, and described direction 155-156 can be opposite substantially with direction 105-106.As air (155-156) result of go up flowing in the opposite direction, the blade of pulsation tubeaxial fan 120 and the dust granule on the heat exchanger 130 can be removed.Therefore, heat abstractor 150 can reduce dust granule gathering on the pulsation blade of tubeaxial fan 120 and heat exchanger 130.
In Fig. 5, illustrated and in heat abstractor 510 and 550, be used for reducing dust granule at the blade of fluctuation centrifugal formula fan and the embodiment of the centrifugal fan that gathers on the heat exchanger.In one embodiment, device 510 comprises heat exchanger 520 and fluctuation centrifugal formula fan 530.In one embodiment, fluctuation centrifugal formula fan 530 can be in third direction 515 rotations.In one embodiment, direction 505 can be represented the inflow direction of air, and direction 506 can be represented the outflow of air.In one embodiment, direction 506 can with direction 505 into about an angle of 90 degrees.
In one embodiment, the rotation of fluctuation centrifugal formula fan 530 on direction 515 can cause that air impacts heat exchanger 520.In one embodiment, the rotation of fluctuation centrifugal formula fan 530 can cause that air impacts heat exchanger 520 at impact direction 525.In one embodiment, air can cause a large amount of dirt accumulation on the blade of an end of heat exchanger 520 and fan 530 to the impact of heat exchanger 520 on the impact direction 525.In one embodiment, dust granule gathering on heat exchanger 520 can form staubosphere 540 at blade and the heat exchanger 520 of fan 530.In one embodiment, figure 7 illustrates the picture of heat abstractor 510, this figure has illustrated dust granule 740 gathering on the blade of fluctuation centrifugal formula fan 710 and heat exchanger 770.
In one embodiment, in heat abstractor 550, the sense of rotation of fluctuation centrifugal formula fan 530 can be reverse.In one embodiment, the four directions can be opposite substantially with third direction 515 to 565.In one embodiment, if fluctuation centrifugal formula fan 530 in the four directions to 565 rotations, then air-flow can impact heat exchangers 520 at impact direction 575.In one embodiment, impact direction 575 can with impact direction 525 theta-1 (" θ 1 ") at angle.In one embodiment, because this angle of impact direction 575, can get on except the dust particle from blade and the heat exchanger 520 of fan 530 along the air-flow of impact direction 575.In one embodiment, make centrifugal fan 530 can reduce dust granule gathering on the blade of fan 530 and heat exchanger 520 in the four directions to 565 rotations.In one embodiment, figure 8 illustrates the picture of the heat abstractor 550 that comprises the fluctuation centrifugal formula fan that can rotate at third and fourth both direction.In one embodiment, the caption of Fig. 8 when fluctuation centrifugal formula fan 710 third direction and four directions between when periodically rotating, the minimizing of the dust granule 740 that gathers.In one embodiment, fluctuation centrifugal formula fan 710 the duration of third direction 515 rotation can be longer than basically fluctuation centrifugal formula fan 710 in the four directions duration to 565 rotations.
The line chart of describing to produce with the variation of fluctuation centrifugal formula fan 530 sense of rotation the impact direction of air-flow has been described in Fig. 6.
In line chart 610, fluctuation centrifugal formula fan 530 can rotate at third direction 515, and makes inlet air flow 505 impact heat exchangers 520 at impact direction 525.In other embodiments, fluctuation centrifugal formula fan 530 can rotate at third direction 515, and makes the inlet air flow on the direction 505 impact heat exchangers 520 at impact direction 526.In one embodiment, the air on direction 525 and the direction 526 impacts and can take place with first angle and second angle respectively.In one embodiment, the air on impact direction 525 and/or the impact direction 526 impacts and can cause the dust in air particle to accumulate on the blade and heat exchanger 520 of fan 530.
In line chart 650, fluctuation centrifugal formula fan 530 can be in the four directions to 565 rotations, and described four directions can be opposite with third direction 515 to 565.In one embodiment, the rotation of fluctuation centrifugal formula fan 530 on direction 565 can cause that air impacts heat exchanger 520 at impact direction 575.In other embodiments, fluctuation centrifugal formula fan 530 can be in the four directions to 565 rotations, and make inlet air flow 505 impact heat exchangers 520 in direction 576.In one embodiment, the air on direction 575 and the direction 576 impacts and can take place with third angle degree and the 4th angle respectively.
In one embodiment, direction 575 can with direction 525 angulation theta-1 (θ 1).In one embodiment, angle theta-1 can represent obtuse angle (greater than 90 degree).In other embodiments, direction 576 can with direction 576 angulation theta-2 (θ 2).In one embodiment, angle theta-2 (θ 2) can represent acute angle (less than 90 degree).In one embodiment, because air flowing on impact direction 575 and/or impact direction 576 can be removed the dust granule that accumulates on the heat exchanger 520.
The embodiment of the computer system 900 that comprises the heat abstractor with pulsation axial-flow type or centrifugal fan has been described in Fig. 9.In one embodiment, computer system 900 can comprise processor 910, cooling unit 930, storer 940, graphics device 950, cooling unit 960, controller center 970 and I/O equipment 980.
In one embodiment, storer 940 can be used for the instruction and data value that storage of processor 910 can be used.In one embodiment, controller center 970 can provide between processor 910 and the storer 940 and the interface between processor 910 and the I/O equipment 980.In one embodiment, cooling unit may be provided near the assembly that needs heat radiation.In one embodiment, as an illustration, cooling unit 930 and 960 can be provided at respectively near processor 910 and the graphics device 950.
In one embodiment, processor 910 can comprise single core processor, or dual core processor, or polycaryon processor.In one embodiment, processor 910 can represent heat-producing device, and can use cooling unit 930 to disperse the heat that processor 910 produces.In one embodiment, cooling unit 930 can comprise fan 935 and heat exchanger HE 938.In one embodiment, fan 935 can comprise pulsation axial-flow type or fluctuation centrifugal formula fan, and it can rotate in the quite a while in one direction, and can rotation in the opposite direction in one period short duration.In one embodiment, the sense of rotation of pulsation fan 930 can be based on the generation of event to rightabout variation from a direction, for example, the temperature of having passed through default duration, the processor 910 processing load that surpasses default temperature or processor 910 surpasses the preset working load value.
In one embodiment, sense of rotation oppositely can remove dust granule, and can reduce near dust granule any other lip-deep gathering fan 935 and heat exchanger HE 938 or cooling unit 930 thus.In one embodiment, this method can reduce and near dust granule other lip-deep appearance chance of gathering relevant problem fan 935 and heat exchanger HE 938 and cooling unit 930.
In one embodiment, graphics device 950 can comprise the unit that graphics controller, display controller and other similarly can the carries out image data be handled, and they may need to handle in a large number resource.In one embodiment, therefore graphics device 950 can produce heat, and may need to disperse the heat that produces to keep performance level.In one embodiment, near graphics device 950 cooling units 960 can be placed on and the heat that graphics device 950 produces can be dispersed.In one embodiment, cooling unit 960 can comprise fan 965 and heat exchanger HE 968.In one embodiment, fan 965 can comprise pulsation axial-flow type or fluctuation centrifugal formula fan, can cause near dust granule any other lip-deep gathering fan 965 and heat exchanger 968 or cooling unit 960 when it rotates in one direction.In one embodiment, pulsation fan 965 can rotate in the opposite direction, accumulates in dust granule on the HE 968 with removal.This method can make heat radiation and performance level be kept.
With reference to exemplary embodiment some feature of the present invention has been described.Yet, be not intended this description is restrictively explained.It is evident that for those skilled in the art in the invention the various modifications of exemplary embodiment and other embodiment of the present invention are considered to fall in the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (13)

1. one kind is used for reducing the device that gather of dust granule on heat abstractor, comprising:
The pulsation fan, wherein, described pulsation fan rotated up in first party in first duration, and rotated up in second party in second duration, and wherein, described pulsation fan is centrifugal fan, and
A plurality of surfaces are positioned near the described pulsation fan,
Wherein, when described pulsation fan when described second party rotates up, accumulate in described a plurality of lip-deep dust granule and reduce,
Wherein, the described second direction of rotation is opposite with the described first direction of rotation,
Wherein, described a plurality of surfaces comprise the blade of heat exchanger and described pulsation fan, and
Wherein, the rotation of described centrifugal fan on described first direction causes that air impacts described heat exchanger at third direction, and the rotation of described centrifugal fan on described second direction causes that described air upwards impacts described heat exchanger in the four directions, wherein, described air has upwards been removed described dust granule to the impact of described heat exchanger in described four directions.
2. device according to claim 1, wherein, described four directions is to forming first angle with described third direction, wherein, described first angle is acute angle, and wherein, described air has been removed the dust granule that accumulates on the described heat exchanger with described first angle to the impact of described heat exchanger.
3. device according to claim 1, wherein, described four directions is to forming second angle with described third direction, wherein, described second angle is the obtuse angle, and wherein, described air has been removed the dust granule that accumulates on the described heat exchanger with described second angle to the impact of described heat exchanger.
4. device according to claim 1, wherein, the generation that the rotation of described centrifugal fan on described second direction is based on event starts, and wherein, described event comprised through described first duration.
5. one kind is used for reducing the method gathered of dust granule on heat abstractor, comprising:
The pulsation fan was rotated up in first party in first duration, and rotate up in second party in second duration, wherein, described pulsation fan is centrifugal fan, and
Near described pulsation fan, provide a plurality of surfaces,
Wherein, when described pulsation fan when described second party rotates up, accumulate in described a plurality of lip-deep dust granule and reduce,
Wherein, the described second direction of rotation is opposite with the described first direction of rotation,
Wherein, described a plurality of surfaces comprise the blade of heat exchanger and described pulsation fan, and
Wherein, the rotation of described centrifugal fan on described first direction causes that air impacts described heat exchanger at third direction, and the rotation of described centrifugal fan on described second direction causes that described air upwards impacts described heat exchanger in the four directions, wherein, described air has upwards been removed described dust granule to the impact of described heat exchanger in described four directions.
6. method according to claim 5, wherein, described four directions is to forming first angle with described third direction, wherein, described first angle is acute angle, and wherein, described air has been removed described dust granule with described first angle to the impact of described heat exchanger.
7. method according to claim 5, wherein, described four directions is to forming second angle with described third direction, wherein, described second angle is the obtuse angle, and wherein, described air has been removed described dust granule with described second angle to the impact of described heat exchanger.
8. method according to claim 5, wherein, the generation that the rotation of described centrifugal fan on described second direction is based on event starts, and wherein, described event comprised through described first duration.
9. one kind is used for reducing the system that gather of dust granule on heat abstractor, comprising:
Heat-producing device, and
Heat abstractor, wherein, described heat abstractor be provided at described heat-producing device near,
Wherein, pulsation fan and near a plurality of surfaces that provide described pulsation fan are provided described heat abstractor, wherein, described pulsation fan rotated up in first party in first duration, and in second duration, rotate up in second party, and wherein, described pulsation fan is centrifugal fan
Wherein, when described pulsation fan when described second party rotates up, accumulate in described a plurality of lip-deep dust granule and reduce,
Wherein, the described second direction of rotation is opposite with the described first direction of rotation,
Wherein, described a plurality of surfaces comprise the blade of heat exchanger and described pulsation fan, and
Wherein, the rotation of described centrifugal fan on described first direction causes that air impacts described heat exchanger at third direction, and the rotation of described centrifugal fan on described second direction cause described air in the four directions to impacting described heat exchanger.
10. system according to claim 9, wherein, described heat-producing device is processor.
11. system according to claim 9, wherein, described heat-producing device is graphics device.
12. system according to claim 9, wherein, described four directions is to forming first angle with described third direction, wherein, described first angle is acute angle, and wherein, described air has been removed described dust granule with described first angle to the impact of described heat exchanger.
13. system according to claim 9, wherein, described four directions is to forming second angle with described third direction, wherein, described second angle is the obtuse angle, and wherein, described air has been removed described dust granule with described second angle to the impact of described heat exchanger.
CN200910221449XA 2008-09-19 2009-09-18 Reducing accumulation of dust particles on a heat dissipating arrangement Expired - Fee Related CN101783185B (en)

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