A kind of digital diaphragm-vibrating type current sensor
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of digital diaphragm-vibrating type current sensor, the interaction that ultimate principle is based on permanent magnetic field and current field drives vibration of thin membrane, obtains the digital current signal by measuring vibrations.The present invention includes two kinds of vibratory drive patterns and two kinds of digital photoelectricity conversion regimes, be applicable to the alterating and direct current flow measurement of electric system.
Background technology
Present current transformer or the sensor that uses has three kinds of electromagnetic type, magneto-optic formula and air core coil electronic types.
The history in existing more than 120 year of the application of electromagnetic current transducer is the important tool of power system measuring.But electromagnetic current transducer has many principle defectives, and is low as insulation costs height, security and reliability; Fault current usually causes the iron core magnetic saturation, and relay protection can not correctly be worked.In addition, the dynamic and thermal stability test in excision fault current, on-load operation, the mutual inductor production run all can make iron core have certain remanent magnetism.Remanent magnetism makes the measurement result negative offset, causes the heavy losses of electric system power measurement.For instance, national generating capacity was 32,559 hundred million kilowatt hours in 2007, with the conservative estimation of negative offset 0.2%, and 1 year loss 6,500,000,000 kilowatt hour.
The history in existing more than 60 year of research to magneto-optical current sensor.Magneto-optical current sensor utilizes light to isolate and has solved the electric insulation problem, does not have iron core, so there is not magnetic saturation, does not also have the remanent magnetism problem.These advantages have broad application prospects magneto-optical current sensor, especially in UHV (ultra-high voltage), extra-high voltage system.But problems such as the temperature of magneto-optical current sensor is floated, material aging and randomness error are difficult to solve, and make the job stability of magneto-optical current sensor enjoy query, go through development and the exploitation in more than 60 year, fail so far to apply.
Air core coil electronic current sensor does not have iron core, thus there is not the magnetic saturation problem, but shortcoming is can not effecting reaction small-signal and aperiodic component.The electronic circuit of noble potential has brought the problem of reliability and stability aspect equally to the demand of power supply.
Digital diaphragm-vibrating type current sensor of the present invention utilizes the interaction of permanent magnetic field and shunt coil current field to drive vibration of thin membrane, thereby measures electric current by digital light method for electrically measuring vibrations.Its noble potential is passive, and light is isolated between the high electronegative potential, and measuring accuracy is not subjected to the influence of variation of ambient temperature, can obtain high precision and not have the time-delay transient response; AC measurment can be used for, also direct current measurement can be used for.Can both react strictly according to the facts harmonic wave and fault transient; Be particluarly suitable for using in UHV (ultra-high voltage), the extra-high voltage electric power system.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of digital diaphragm-vibrating type current sensor, comprise vibration of thin membrane system and little vibration photoeletric measuring system.There are two kinds of embodiments in the vibration of thin membrane system: permanent magnet both-end drive current coil film vibration mode and electric current shunt coil both-end drive the permanent magnetic thin film vibration mode.The method that little vibration photoeletric measuring system has been used laser beam edge modulation linear array charge-coupled device (CCD) imageing sensor or complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) (CMOS) imageing sensor directly obtains the digital current signal.
Permanent magnet both-end drive current coil film vibration mode as shown in Figure 1, the structure of permanent magnet and current coil film is as shown in Figure 3.Permanent magnet [4] places the both sides of film [3], current coil [5] is combined as a whole with film, current coil has been shunted the main traverse line electric current, the magnetic field that coil current produces drives vibration of thin membrane (interchange) or precession (direct current) under the both-end of permanent magnet magnetic field force drives, its amplitude is the linear function of electric current.
Electric current shunt coil both-end drives the permanent magnetic thin film vibration mode as shown in Figure 2, and the structure of electric current shunt coil and permanent magnetic thin film as shown in Figure 4.Two electric current shunt coils [2] place the both sides of film [3], permanent magnet [4] is combined as a whole with film, two electric current shunt coils have been shunted equivalent main traverse line electric current, the field drives permanent magnet that electric current produces drives vibration of thin membrane (interchange) or precession (direct current), and its amplitude is the linear function of electric current.
Little vibration photoeletric measuring system has been used laser beam edge modulation linear array charge-coupled device (CCD) imageing sensor or complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) (CMOS) imageing sensor.As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, laser signal is sent to collimating apparatus [8] from light source [6] through Transmission Fibers [7], obtain neat in edge light beam clearly behind the collimation, go up a bonding extremely light foam light screening material [9] at film [3], the end face of [9] and the central lines of light beam when the adjustment light beam makes [3] static, drive [9] is blocked whole light beams, segment beam or nothing and is blocked light beam during [3] vibration.Light beam enters extender lens [11] and amplifies after light reflection mirror [10] reflection, arrive linear array charge-coupled device (CCD) imageing sensor or complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) (CMOS) imageing sensor in digital opto-electronic conversion and the signal control processor [12] again, [3] vibration causes the position of beam edge to change, make laser beam enter the different pixels of imageing sensor, pixel is carried out simple two-value to be judged, light signal is namely arranged or do not have light signal, just can determine the residing position of beam edge, the coding of location of pixels is exactly the digital quantity of vibration signal amplitude.Two-value judgement to pixel is equal to analog to digital conversion, and the time that two-value is judged is equal to the analog-to-digital time.
In order to get rid of external environment condition to the vibration interference of [3], be provided with among Fig. 5 that another is identical but do not connect current coil [5] and the film [3] of also not shunting the main traverse line electric current, the permanent magnet magnetic field force is to its not effect, and it only reacts the interference vibration of external environment condition; The current coil [5] of connection and shunting main traverse line electric current and the vibration signal of film [3] are that magnetic field force drives the stack of vibrating with the external environment condition interference, in the opto-electronic conversion and digital processing of [12], two-way digital optical signal numerical value is subtracted each other, just can get rid of the vibration interference of external environment condition.Equally, be provided with another identical film [3] among Fig. 6 and combine nonmagnetic substance [15] in [3], the magnetic field force of partial current coil [2] is to its not effect, and it only reacts the interference vibration of external environment condition; The vibration signal that combines the film [3] of permanent magnet is that magnetic field force drives the stack of disturbing vibration with external environment condition, in the opto-electronic conversion and digital processing of [12], two-way digital optical signal numerical value is subtracted each other, and has got rid of the vibration interference of external environment condition equally.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is permanent magnet both-end drive current coil film vibration mode of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that electric current shunt coil both-end of the present invention drives the permanent magnetic thin film vibration mode.
Fig. 3 is the structure of permanent magnet and the current coil film of Fig. 1 pattern of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the electric current shunt coil of Fig. 2 pattern of the present invention and the structure of permanent magnetic thin film.
Fig. 5 is the embodiment of Fig. 1 pattern of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the embodiment of Fig. 2 pattern of the present invention.
Wherein, [1] is high-voltage conducting wires, and [2] are the electric current shunt coils, [3] be macromolecule membrane, [4] are permanent magnets, and [5] are current coils, [6] be LASER Light Source, [7] are Transmission Fibers, and [8] are laser aligners, [9] be the foam light screening material, [10] are light reflection mirrors, and [11] are extender lenses, [12] be digital opto-electronic conversion and signal control processor, [13] be magnetic shielding, [14] are insulators, and [15] are nonmagnetic substances.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Present embodiment is permanent magnet both-end drive current coil film vibration mode, its structure as shown in Figure 5: film [3], permanent magnet [4], current coil [5], LASER Light Source [6], Transmission Fibers [7], laser aligner [8], foam light screening material [9], light reflection mirror [10], extender lens [11], digital opto-electronic conversion and signal control processor [12], magnetic shielding [13] all places insulator [14], and [13] are used for shielding main traverse line current field.Permanent magnet [4] places the both sides of film [3], current coil [5] is combined as a whole with film [3], current coil [5] has been shunted the main traverse line electric current, the magnetic field that coil current produces drives film [3] vibration (interchange) or precession (direct current) under the both-end of permanent magnet [4] magnetic field force drives, its amplitude is the linear function of electric current.Laser signal is sent to collimating apparatus [8] from light source [6] through Transmission Fibers [7], obtain neat in edge light beam clearly behind the collimation, go up a bonding extremely light foam light screening material [9] at film [3], the end face of [9] and the central lines of light beam when the adjustment light beam makes [3] static, drive [9] is blocked whole light beams, segment beam or nothing and is blocked light beam during [3] vibration.Light beam enters extender lens [11] and amplifies after light reflection mirror [10] reflection, arrive linear array charge-coupled device (CCD) imageing sensor or complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) (CMOS) imageing sensor in digital opto-electronic conversion and the signal control processor [12] again, [3] vibration causes the position of beam edge to change making laser beam enter the different pixels of imageing sensor, pixel is carried out simple two-value to be judged, light signal is namely arranged or do not have light signal, just can determine the residing position of beam edge, the coding of location of pixels is exactly the digital quantity of vibration signal amplitude.Two-value judgement to pixel is equal to analog to digital conversion, and the time that two-value is judged is equal to the analog-to-digital time.
In order to get rid of the vibration interference of external environment condition, be provided with that another is identical but do not connect current coil [5] and the film [3] of also not shunting the main traverse line electric current, the permanent magnet magnetic field force is to its not effect, and it only reacts the interference vibration of external environment condition; The current coil [5] of connection and shunting main traverse line electric current and the vibration signal of film [3] are that magnetic field force drives the stack of vibrating with the external environment condition interference, in the opto-electronic conversion and digital processing of [12], two-way digital optical signal numerical value is subtracted each other, just can get rid of the vibration interference of external environment condition.
Embodiment 2:
Present embodiment is that electric current shunt coil both-end drives the permanent magnetic thin film vibration mode, its structure as shown in Figure 6: electric current shunt coil [2], film [3], permanent magnet [4], LASER Light Source [6], Transmission Fibers [7], laser aligner [8], foam light screening material [9], light reflection mirror [10], extender lens [11], digital opto-electronic conversion and signal control processor [12], magnetic shielding [13] all places insulator [14], and [13] are used for shielding main traverse line current field.Two electric current shunt coils place the both sides of film, permanent magnet and film are combined as a whole, two electric current shunt coils [2] have been shunted equivalent main traverse line electric current, the field drives permanent magnet that the shunt coil electric current produces drives vibration of thin membrane (interchange) or precession (direct current), and its amplitude is the linear function of electric current.Laser signal is sent to collimating apparatus [8] from light source [6] through Transmission Fibers [7], obtain neat in edge light beam clearly behind the collimation, go up a bonding extremely light foam light screening material [9] at film [3], the end face of [9] and the central lines of light beam when the adjustment light beam makes [3] static, drive [9] is blocked whole light beams, segment beam or nothing and is blocked light beam during [3] vibration.Light beam enters linear array charge-coupled device (CCD) imageing sensor or complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) (CMOS) imageing sensor that arrives again after extender lens [11] amplifies in digital opto-electronic conversion and the signal control processor [12] after light reflection mirror [10] reflection, [3] vibration causes the position at gloss edge to change making laser beam enter the different pixels of imageing sensor, pixel is carried out simple two-value to be judged, light signal is namely arranged or do not have light signal, just can determine the residing position of beam edge, the coding of location of pixels is exactly the digital quantity of vibration signal amplitude.Two-value judgement to pixel is equal to analog to digital conversion, and the time that two-value is judged is equal to the analog-to-digital time.
In order to get rid of the vibration interference of external environment condition, be provided with another identical film [3] and combine nonmagnetic substance [15] in [3], the magnetic field force of partial current coil [2] is to its not effect, and it only reacts the interference vibration of external environment condition; The vibration signal that combines the film [3] of permanent magnet is that magnetic field force drives the stack of disturbing vibration with external environment condition, in the opto-electronic conversion and digital processing of [12], two-way digital optical signal numerical value is subtracted each other, and has just got rid of the vibration interference of external environment condition.