CN101779754A - Method for clearing away aflatoxin from crop seeds by utilizing acid electrolyzed functional water - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for clearing away aflatoxin from crop seeds by utilizing acid electrolyzed functional water, and belongs to the field of oil and grain product safety process technology. The method comprises the following steps: mixing strong acid electrolyzed functional water or weak acid electrolyzed functional water and the crop seeds polluted by the aflatoxin in a mass ratio of 1:1-10:1; and at the temperature of between 25 and 65DEG C, oscillating for 5 to 60 minutes, dripping water to dryness, and baking or airing the crop seeds. The acid electrolyzed functional water plays a role in clearing away the toxin from the crop seeds, and secondary pollution and toxin residue caused by elution are avoided; and for the crop seeds after the treatment, skins are not broken, the appearance is not changed basically, main quality indexes such as water content, fat content and protein content are not changed basically, and the crop seeds can be further processed. The method is simple and has low treatment cost; and the used electrolyzed functional water is safe and nontoxic, and has no residue or potential safety hazard. The aflatoxin clearing rate is over 90 percent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil and foodstuffs safe technology technical field, be specifically related to a kind of method of utilizing acid electrolyzed functional water to remove aflatoxin in the crop kernel.
Background technology
" electrolyzed functional water (Electrolyzed Functional Water, EFW) ", also claim electrolytic ionic water, electrolyzed oxidizing water and brine electrolysis etc.It is the weak solution of chloride compound and drinking water or hydrochloric acid and drinking water, the acid electrolyzed functional water that obtains under the processing of special electrolysis unit and the general name of alkaline electrolyzed functional water.Wherein, acid electrolyzed functional water has lower pH value, higher oxidation-reduction potential (Oxidation-Reduction Potential, ORP) and certain available chlorine content (Available ChlorineConcentration, ACC).It mainly comprises: and the highly acid electrolyzed functional water (pH＜3, ORP＞1000mV, ACC 20～100ppm), subacidity electrolyzed functional water (pH 5～6.5, ORP 800-950mV, and ACC 10～100ppm).Bactericidal effect receives much attention acid electrolyzed functional water owing to having widely, and is used in a lot of aspects.At present, the application study for acid electrolyzed functional water both at home and abroad mainly concentrates on health care, food processing, agricultural production three big fields, has obtained abundant achievement in research.Japanese health ministry was classified acid electrolyzed functional water as the food additives category in 2002.
Aflatoxin is the secondary metabolite that a class is produced in growth course by Aspergillus flavus (Aspergillus flavus) and aspergillus parasiticus bacterium fungies such as (Aspergillusparasitcusi).Nearly all crop kernel or its seed goods, under certain humidity and temperature, all might grow Aspergillus flavus and aspergillus parasiticus bacterium, thereby PI aflatoxin.Aflatoxin often is present in peanut, corn, wheat, rice, soybean, the young Renhe of the nut cereal products.Contain the crop kernel of aflatoxin and goods by people, poultry and livestock contact picked-up after, will cause very big harm, wherein AFB to it
1Harm is maximum.For ensuring food safety and people ' s health, AFB in the strict food has all been worked out in countries in the world
1Limit standard.The most of crop kernel in the aflatoxin contamination whole world, wherein peanut seed and goods are subject to aflatoxin contamination, and it is the severe contamination source of peanut seed and goods, is to cause peanut seed and quality of item one of the main factor that descends.
Peanut still is the foreign exchange earning agricultural product that China has obvious competitive advantage.For many years, peanut of China and (Groundnut products) occupy an important position in world's peanut export trade.The statistics of FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation) (FAO) shows, 2000-2005, and China shells, reach 29.8%, 33.9% and 44.6% with the total volume of exports of shell and processing peanut respectively in the similar peanut in the world and the (Groundnut products) export trade.Since 2008, China's peanut total output, export trade amount and peanut oil consumption figure still occupy first place, the world.Total output reaches more than 1,500 ten thousand tons, accounts for more than 40% of Gross World Product; Export volume accounts for about 42% of volume of world trade ten thousand tons of 65-78.The peanut industry is an important industry that participates in international agricultural competition after the China joined WTO.But the outlet of Chinese in recent years peanut suffers the aflatoxin technical barrier that exceeds standard repeatly, brings very big economic loss for the producer and enterprise, has also reduced Chinese peanut competitiveness in the world simultaneously.At present, the pollution problem of peanut seed and goods aflatoxin has become a problem that makes China's peanut production and export sector extremely perplex, and seriously influences the production and the outlet of Chinese peanut.
AFB
1Having extremely strong toxicity, is a kind of strong carcinogen, is classified as the strongest known carcinogenic substance by the World Health Organization.Its toxicity is bigger 75 times than dimethyl nitramine, and is bigger 68 times than arsenic, bigger 10 times than extremely malicious potassium cyanide.And stable in properties is heated to 268 ℃ of ability and destroys.People have carried out big quantity research to the poison-removing method of aflatoxin in the crop kernel.Mainly contain: (1) physical method, as mould grain select, high-temperature process, absorption and ultraviolet radiation treatment; (2) chemical method is as adding organic acid, alkali, oxidation processes, solvent extraction; (3) biological technique method detoxifies as microbial fermentation.Processing method ubiquity treatment conditions require high (high temperature, high pressure) at present, and dangerous (chemical agent is residual and Toxic is residual) destroys the raw material trophic function, defectives such as the high production application difficulty of processing cost.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to defective, a kind of method of utilizing acid electrolyzed functional water to remove aflatoxin in the crop kernel is provided at above-mentioned prior art.Removing principle is after deliberation: AFB
1Replaced by hydroxyl and chloro at the 8th, 9 two keys of acid putting in poison property of electrolyzed functional water treatment active site, form the avirulence composition.This method is simple, and processing cost is low, do not bring new poisonous residual, AFB
1Residual quantity limit the quantity of far below GB 2761-2005, be a kind of novel practical, safe and effective procedure.
A kind of method of utilizing acid electrolyzed functional water to remove aflatoxin in the crop kernel, concrete scheme is as follows:
With the highly acid electrolyzed functional water (be called for short: AcEW) or the subacidity electrolyzed functional water (be called for short: be to mix in 1: 1～10: 1 by mass ratio NEW) with the crop kernel that is polluted by aspergillus flavus, be under 25-65 ℃ the condition in temperature, drain away the water behind the oscillation treatment 5-60min, with crop kernel oven dry or dry, the pH value of described highly acid electrolyzed functional water is not higher than 3, oxidation-reduction potential is 1000～1200mV, effective chlorine density is 10～100mg/L, the pH value of described subacidity electrolyzed functional water is 5～6.5, oxidation-reduction potential is 800～1000mV, and effective chlorine density is 10～100mg/L;
The preferred 50-100mg/L of the effective chlorine density of described highly acid electrolyzed functional water.
The preferred 50-100mg/L of the effective chlorine density of described subacidity electrolyzed functional water.
The mass ratio that described acid electrolyzed functional water mixes with the crop kernel that is polluted by aspergillus flavus is 5: 1～10: 1.
Described temperature is 35-45 ℃.
Described crop kernel is the young benevolence of peanut, corn, wheat, rice, soybean or nut.
The preparation method of above-mentioned highly acid electrolyzed functional water is as follows:
(1) according to the electrolyte weight percent concentration be 0.05～0.2% ratio with electrolyte dissolution in drinking water, stir, place two electrolytic cells of electric work energy water generator then respectively, described electrolyte is sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride or magnesium chloride.
(2) be that 12～36V, electric current are that 0.2～3A, electrode spacing are that 4～50mm, pole plate area are 108cm at voltage
2Carry out cell reaction 10～30min; Promptly obtain acid electrolyzed functional water, obtain alkaline electrolyzed functional water at cathode electrolytic cell at anode electrolytic tank.
Electrolyzed functional water generator described in the above-mentioned preparation method can (patent No. be: ZL96244992.x) referring to utility model patent " a kind of device for preparing strong acidifying water "
The preparation method of described subacidity electrolyzed functional water is as follows:
(1) according to the electrolyte weight percent concentration be 0.001～0.02 ‰ ratio with electrolyte dissolution in drinking water, stir be placed on aseptate electric work can water generator in, wherein, described electrolyte is a concentrated hydrochloric acid.
(2) be that 10～30V, electric current are that 1.0～3.0A, electrode spacing are that 1～5mm, pole plate area are 108cm at voltage
2Carry out cell reaction 5～30min; Promptly in electrolytic cell, obtain the subacidity electrolyzed functional water.
Subacidity electrolyzed functional water generator is compared with highly acid electrolyzed functional water generator, middle no barrier film, the material that the reaction of anode and catholyte produces in the electrolysis mixes, and complex reaction can take place, (the pH value is 5～6.5 only to produce the subacidity electrolyzed functional water, oxidation-reduction potential is 800～1000mV), does not produce alkaline electrolyzed functional water.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: this method is simple, and processing cost is low, used electrolyzed functional water security, harmless, noresidue, no hidden danger.And avoid simply adopting the environment that the running water wash-out brings and secondary pollution and the toxin remains problem of uncontaminated seed, the not broken skin of crop kernel after the processing, the basic no change of outward appearance, the basic no changes of main quality index such as moisture, fat content and protein content can further be processed processing.The crop kernel that is polluted by the aspergillus flavus enzyme is after the peracidity electrolyzed functional water is handled, and its aflatoxin clearance rate can reach more than 90%, AFB
1Residual quantity limit the quantity of far below GB 2761-2005, this method is a kind of novel practical, safe and effective procedure.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a highly acid electrolyzed functional water generating device schematic diagram;
Wherein, 1-dc source, 2-electrode, 3-electrolytic cell, 4-barrier film, 5-AcEW, 6-alkalescence electrolyzed functional water
Fig. 2 is a subacidity electrolyzed functional water generating device schematic diagram.
Wherein, 7-subacidity electrolyzed functional water
The specific embodiment
The preparation of embodiment 1 acid electrolyzed functional water
A. the preparation of highly acid electrolyzed functional water:
(1) is that 0.2% ratio is dissolved in sodium chloride in the drinking water according to weight percent concentration, stirs, place two electrolytic cells that highly acid electric work shown in Figure 1 can water generator then respectively;
(2) be that 30V, electric current are that 2.0A, electrode spacing are that 12mm, pole plate area are 108cm at voltage
2Carry out cell reaction 15min; Promptly obtain the highly acid electrolyzed functional water, obtain alkaline electrolyzed functional water at cathode electrolytic cell at anode electrolytic tank.The highly acid electrolyzed functional water is pH=2.50 ± 0.77, and ORP=1097 ± 28mV, the content of effective chlorine are 100.5 ± 3.9mg/L; Gained alkalescence electrolyzed functional water is pH=11.46 ± 0.11, ORP=-851.8 ± 45.3mV.
B. the preparation method of subacidity electrolyzed functional water:
(1) is that 0.004 ‰ ratio is dissolved in concentrated hydrochloric acid in the drinking water according to weight percent concentration, stirs, place the electrolytic cell that subacidity electric work shown in Figure 2 can water generator then;
(2) be that 28V, electric current are that 2.0A, electrode spacing are that 2mm, pole plate area are 108cm at voltage
2Carry out cell reaction 15min; Promptly in electrolytic cell, obtain the subacidity electrolyzed functional water.The subacidity electrolyzed functional water is pH=5.78 ± 0.86, and ORP=870 ± 21mV, the content of effective chlorine are 102.9 ± 4.1mg/L.
The processing of (1) test material: a, peanut seed: get peanut 5kg, storage is 30 days under the environment of 30 ± 2 ℃ of temperature, relative humidity 90 ± 5%, goes mouldy naturally; B, be that AcEW and the NEW of 100mg/L is adjusted to AcEW and the NEW that effective chlorine density is 60mg/L with distilled water respectively with embodiment 1 prepared effective chlorine density.Strong basicity electrolyzed functional water (hereinafter to be referred as AlEW) pH=11.62 ± 0.22, ORP=-872.0 ± 31.1mV, running water (contrast) pH=7.67 ± 0.05, ORP=535.9 ± 93.0.
(2) test method: every part takes by weighing the peanut 20g that handled, place conical flask, it with liquid material mass ratio 5: 1 ratio, in different conical flasks, add AcEW and NEW that running water, AlEW and effective chlorine density are 60mg/L respectively, under 45 ℃, oscillation treatment 15min drains away the water the peanut of handling well then, 70 ℃ of baking 12h adopt the GB/T 5009.23-2006 three therapeutic methods of traditional Chinese medicine to measure aflatoxin content.The results are shown in Table 1.Wherein, without the peanut that goes mouldy naturally of any processing, AFB
1Content 95.87 ± 2.86 μ g/kg.
The acid electrolyzed functional water of table 1 is removed the residual toxin in toxin effect and the solution
| Processed group | Running water | ??AcEW | ??AlEW | ??NEW |
| AFB in the peanut 1Content (μ g/kg) | ??26.76±2.08 | ??10.76±0.11 | ??41.08±2.38 | ??6.88±0.07 |
| AFB in the treatment fluid 1Content (μ g/l) | ??12.7±0.46 | ??1.07±0.67 | ??10.16±1.19 | ??0.62±0.08 |
Present embodiment is that electrolyzed functional water is removed effect test to the toxin of aflatoxin contamination peanut under different effective chlorine densities, different cleaning way, different liquid material ratio, different disposal time and different disposal temperature conditions.Specific as follows:
The peanut material that goes mouldy of (1) test material: embodiment 2 steps (1) preparation.
(2) be used to handle the various water of peanut of going mouldy in the test: with the effective chlorine density of embodiment 1 preparation is that AcEW and the NEW of 100mg/L is adjusted to AcEW and the NEW that effective chlorine density is 20mg/L, 40mg/L, 60mg/L and 80mg/L with distilled water respectively.
(3) test method: 1. different effective chlorine density tests, every part takes by weighing the peanut 20g that goes mouldy, place conical flask respectively, with liquid material mass ratio 5: 1, add AcEW and NEW that effective chlorine density is 20mg/L, 40mg/L, 60mg/L, 80mg/L, 100mg/L respectively, under 45 ℃, oscillation treatment 15min the results are shown in Table 2; 2. different liquid material are than test, and every part takes by weighing the peanut 20g that goes mouldy, and places conical flask respectively, added liquid material mass ratio respectively 1: 1,2.5: 1,5: 1,7.5: 1,10: 1, effective chlorine density is AcEW and the NEW of 60mg/L, under 45 ℃, oscillation treatment 15min the results are shown in Table 3; 3. different disposal humid test, every part takes by weighing the peanut 20g that goes mouldy, and places conical flask respectively, with liquid material mass ratio 5: 1, adding effective chlorine density was AcEW and the NEW of 60mg/L, respectively under 25 ℃, 35 ℃, 45 ℃, 55 ℃, 65 ℃, oscillation treatment 15min the results are shown in Table 4; 4. different disposal time test, every part takes by weighing the peanut 20g that goes mouldy, place conical flask respectively, with liquid material mass ratio 5: 1, adding effective chlorine density is AcEW and the NEW of 60mg/L, under 45 ℃, oscillation treatment 2min, 5min, 10min, 15min, 20min, 25min, 30min the results are shown in Table 5 respectively;
(4) will drain away the water through the peanut that (3) are handled well, 70 ℃ of baking 12h press the GB/T 5009.23-2006 three therapeutic methods of traditional Chinese medicine and measure aflatoxin content.Wherein, go mouldy the naturally AFB of peanut
1Content is 95.87 ± 2.86 μ g/kg.
The influence that the different effective chlorine density contratoxin of table 2 are removed effect
| Processed group | ??1 | ??2 | ??3 | ??4 | ??5 |
| Effective chlorine density (mg/L) | ??20 | ??40 | ??60 | ??80 | ??100 |
| AcEW organizes content of toxins (μ g/kg) | ??58.51±5.77 | ??40.31±3.42 | ??13.19±1.77 | ??9.36±2.11 | ??6.47±1.74 |
| NEW organizes content of toxins (μ g/kg) | ??36.78±5.09 | ??26.16±2.17 | ??7.11±2.30 | ??3.18±1.04 | ??1.97±0.81 |
The different liquid material of table 3 are removed the influence of effect than contratoxin
| Processed group | ??1 | ??2 | ??3 | ??4 | ??5 |
| The liquid material is than (v: m) | ??1∶1 | ??2.5∶1 | ??5∶1 | ??7.5∶1 | ??10∶1 |
| AcEW organizes content of toxins (μ g/kg) | ??75.73±8.28 | ??55.62±2.35 | ??21.25±1.67 | ??7.02±1.76 | ??4.43±0.47 |
| NEW organizes content of toxins (μ g/kg) | ??65.14±9.91 | ??35.29±4.70 | ??12.85±2.98 | ??5.89±0.69 | ??1.37±0.63 |
Table 4 different disposal temperature contratoxin is removed the influence of effect
| Processed group | ??1 | ??2 | ??3 | ??4 | ??5 |
| Treatment temperature (℃) | ??25 | ??35 | ??45 | ??55 | ??65 |
| AcEW organizes content of toxins (μ g/kg) | ??25.28±5.32 | ??14.37±2.24 | ??9.31±1.03 | ??28.82±3.70 | ??69.79±4.67 |
| NEW organizes content of toxins (μ g/kg) | ??20.37±1.78 | ??12.79±1.22 | ??7.42±0.91 | ??27.76±4.64 | ??73.90±11.12 |
Table 5 different disposal time contratoxin is removed effect
| Processed group | ??1 | ??2 | ??3 | ??4 | ??5 | ??6 | ??7 |
| Processing time (min) | ??2 | ??5 | ??10 | ??15 | ??20 | ??25 | ??30 |
| AcEW organizes content of toxins (μ g/kg) | ??78.51±6.95 | ??42.48±3.31 | ??20.50±2.44 | ??9.54±1.92 | ??4.66±0.56 | ??3.13±0.75 | ??1.43±0.86 |
| NEW organizes content of toxins (μ g/kg) | ??69.92±3.03 | ??30.27±7.03 | ??12.54±4.17 | ??7.55±2..05 | ??2.69±1.43 | ??1.98±0.53 | ??0.77±0.49 |
The peanut (in contrast) that goes mouldy the peanut material and do not go mouldy of (1) test material: embodiment 1 step (1) preparation.
(2) the various water that use in handling: the effective chlorine density that embodiment 1 is prepared is adjusted to AcEW and the NEW of effective chlorine density as 80mg/L with distilled water respectively as AcEW and the NEW of 100mg/L; Running water: pH=7.67 ± 0.05, ORP=535.9 ± 93.0.
(3) test method: every part takes by weighing the peanut 20g that goes mouldy, and places conical flask respectively, and adding liquid material mass ratio 7.5: 1, effective chlorine density are AcEW and the NEW of 80mg/L, and under 45 ℃, oscillation treatment 15min drains away the water.Through the peanut and do not go mouldy peanut according to GB/T 14489.1-2008 of going mouldy of above-mentioned processing, GB/T14772-2008 and GB/T 14489.2-2008 measure its moisture, fat and protein content respectively.The results are shown in Table 6.
The water treatment of table 6 electrolyzed functional is to main quality index influence in the peanut
Claims (7)
1. utilize acid electrolyzed functional water to remove the method for aflatoxin in the crop kernel, it is characterized in that, is to mix in 1: 1～10: 1 highly acid or subacidity electrolyzed functional water and the crop kernel that is polluted by aspergillus flavus by mass ratio, be under 25-65 ℃ the condition in temperature, drain away the water behind the oscillation treatment 5-60min, with crop kernel oven dry or dry, wherein, the pH value of described highly acid electrolyzed functional water is not higher than 3, oxidation-reduction potential is 1000～1200mV, and effective chlorine density is 10～100mg/L, and the pH value of described subacidity electrolyzed functional water is 5～6.5, oxidation-reduction potential is 800～1000mV, and effective chlorine density is 10～100mg/L.
2. the acid electrolyzed functional water of utilization according to claim 1 is removed the method for aflatoxin in the crop kernel, it is characterized in that the effective chlorine density of described highly acid electrolyzed functional water is 50-100mg/L.
3. the acid electrolyzed functional water of utilization according to claim 1 is removed the method for aflatoxin in the crop kernel, it is characterized in that the effective chlorine density of described subacidity electrolyzed functional water is 50-100mg/L.
4. the acid electrolyzed functional water of utilization according to claim 1 is removed the method for aflatoxin in the crop kernel, it is characterized in that the rotating speed of described vibration is 50～250rpm.
5. the acid electrolyzed functional water of utilization according to claim 1 is removed the method for aflatoxin in the crop kernel, it is characterized in that the mass ratio that described acid electrolyzed functional water mixes with the crop kernel that is polluted by aspergillus flavus is 5: 1～10: 1.
6. the acid electrolyzed functional water of utilization according to claim 1 is removed the method for aflatoxin in the crop kernel, it is characterized in that described temperature is 35-45 ℃.
7. the acid electrolyzed functional water of utilization according to claim 1 is removed the method for aflatoxin in the crop kernel, it is characterized in that, described crop kernel is the young benevolence of peanut, corn, wheat, rice, soybean or nut.
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| CN101999455A (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2011-04-06 | 国家粮食储备局无锡科学研究设计院 | Wheat modifying and sterilizing method |
| CN102405807A (en) * | 2011-08-03 | 2012-04-11 | 山东农业大学 | Method by utilizing acid electroproduction functional water to inhibit tobacco blackleg germs |
| CN106006852A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-10-12 | 潘灿平 | Alkaline electrolyzed water and application thereof to agriculture sterilization |
| CN107156605A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-09-15 | 杭州恒天面粉集团有限公司 | A kind of utilization electrolyzed alkaline water, which disappears, drops the method for vomitoxin in cereal |
| CN107156604A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-09-15 | 杭州恒天面粉集团有限公司 | A kind of utilization acidic electrolytic water, which disappears, drops the method for vomitoxin in cereal |
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| CN101999455A (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2011-04-06 | 国家粮食储备局无锡科学研究设计院 | Wheat modifying and sterilizing method |
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| CN110149993A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2019-08-23 | 武汉珞格普润生态技术有限公司 | A method of stripe rust of wheat is prevented and treated using electrolysis water |
| CN111567723A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-08-25 | 河北北方学院 | Cleaning method for clean vegetable processing |
| CN112655870A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-16 | 合肥五粮泰生物科技有限公司 | Method for removing mycotoxin from grains |
| CN114128860A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2022-03-04 | 中粮营养健康研究院有限公司 | Method for removing aflatoxin from peanuts |
| CN115678694A (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-02-03 | 江苏五花药业有限公司 | Fruit and vegetable cleaning agent for removing pesticide residues and preparation method thereof |
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