CN110149993A - A method of stripe rust of wheat is prevented and treated using electrolysis water - Google Patents
A method of stripe rust of wheat is prevented and treated using electrolysis water Download PDFInfo
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- CN110149993A CN110149993A CN201810120759.1A CN201810120759A CN110149993A CN 110149993 A CN110149993 A CN 110149993A CN 201810120759 A CN201810120759 A CN 201810120759A CN 110149993 A CN110149993 A CN 110149993A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/4618—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing for producing "ionised" acidic or basic water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/4618—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing for producing "ionised" acidic or basic water
- C02F2001/46185—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing for producing "ionised" acidic or basic water only anodic or acidic water, e.g. for oxidizing or sterilizing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/4618—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing for producing "ionised" acidic or basic water
- C02F2001/4619—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing for producing "ionised" acidic or basic water only cathodic or alkaline water, e.g. for reducing
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods using electrolysis water prevention and treatment stripe rust of wheat, the following steps are included: Step 1: obtaining electrolysis water using device for producing electrolytic water: chloride and water being added into the electrolytic cell of device for producing electrolytic water, obtains the acidic oxidation electrolysis water that pH value is 2.0 ~ 3.0 and the alkaline oxygenated electrolysis water that pH value is 10.0 ~ 11.5 by electrolysis；Step 2: acidic oxidation electrolysis water obtained in step 1 to be packed into the sprayer cleaned up, foliar spray is carried out to wheat.It is compared with pesticide control, there is no pesticide pollution of area source using acidic oxidation electrolysis water, non agricultural chemical residuum is good to the control efficiency of stripe rust of wheat, and generates without phytotoxicity；EO water is finally reduced to light water, is not in the generation of the ecological succession and drug Resistance of Pathogenic Microorganism from Surface after the applications of pesticide on environment substantially without influence；And cost is relatively low, it is easy to spread.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods using electrolysis water prevention and treatment stripe rust of wheat, belong to ecological, environmental protective agricultural planting technique
Field.
Background technique
Stripe rust of wheat is most important disease in China's Wheat Production, and occurring area is wide, and generation area includes northwest, China
North, lower Yangtze and southwestern each province, autonomous region, spread each main area of wheat in China.Prevalence is caused disaster, and frequency is high, and harm is very tight
Weight.
Stripe rust of wheat occurs mainly on blade, can also endanger leaf sheath, stem, fringe portion, glume and awns.Site of pathological change is initial
It generates small-sized chlorisis scab and is commonly called as piebald, then occur yellow or bright yellow uredium rapidly.Uredium on blade
In oval, ellipse or oblong, protrusion is covered by leaf epidermis, it is mature after skin breakage and it is exposed, and dissipate out yellow
Powder, this is the uredospore of pathogen.The skin crack for covering uredium is softr, visually observes not very obvious.Uredospore
It is abnormal that chlorisis, withered and yellow etc. are likely to occur around heap.On wheat strain blade, uredium both ends nearby can also generate new successively
Sorus so that multiple urediums along vein in " dotted line " shape arrange.When falling ill serious, blade face is covered with uredium, leaf
It is piece yellow, withered.The medicaments such as triazolone, olefin conversion can prevent and treat stripe rust of wheat in the prior art, but chemical control is easily made
It migrates at pesticide residue and in the environment, chronic administration medicament can also make cause of disease generate drug resistance, to reduce drug effect.Modern Agriculture
Industry develops towards the low direction of green, effect on environment, and green agriculture tends to the prevention and treatment method using Eco-friendly, also accords with
Close the demand of technical standard of the year two thousand twenty pesticide and chemical fertilizer " two subtract " that Nationwide Agricultural Technology Promotion Service Center proposes.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of methods using electrolysis water prevention and treatment stripe rust of wheat, to solve to mention in above-mentioned background technique
Out the problem of.
To achieve the above object, a kind of method using electrolysis water prevention and treatment stripe rust of wheat proposed by the present invention, including with
Lower step:
Step 1: obtaining electrolysis water using device for producing electrolytic water: chloride is added into the electrolytic cell of device for producing electrolytic water
And water, by electrolysis obtain acidic oxidation electrolysis water (pH value is 2.0~3.0) and alkaline oxygenated electrolysis water (pH value is 10.0~
11.5)；
Step 2: acidic oxidation electrolysis water obtained in step 1 to be packed into the sprayer cleaned up, wheat is carried out
Foliage spray, the sprayer used are the sprayer of ABS plastic material, and acidic oxidation electrolysis water is avoided to contact metallics.
The acidic oxidation electrolysis water after preparation immediately using or be kept in dark place in 48 hours and use, use preceding use
RC-3F type effective chlorine detector measures the content of the effective chlorine of acidic oxidation electrolysis water, test paper surveys pH value, BRP-200 oxidation is gone back
Former current potential measures oxidation-reduction potential, and acidic oxidation electrolysis water active constituent content after long-time is stored is avoided to change.
Further, the acidic oxidation electrolysis water pH value obtained in step 1 is 2.8.
Further, the amount of application of the acidic oxidation electrolysis water is 30~60kg wheat per acre.
Further, foliar spray carries out three times, first time foliar spray and second foliar spray time interval 1 week,
Second foliar spray with third time foliar spray time interval 2~4 weeks.
Further, the amount of application of the acidic oxidation electrolysis water is 45kg wheat per acre.
Further, the chloride is potassium chloride, and it is micro- to can be used as blade face for the alkaline oxygenated electrolysis water obtained by electrolysis
Fertilizer sprinkling is that wheat supplements potassium element, improves crop yield and improves crop product quality.
The present invention has the advantages that compared with prior art and advantage:
The low ph value (2.0-3.0) of acidic oxidation electrolysis water can not only inhibit bacterial growth, and can assist in time chlorine
Acid is gone directly in bacterial body by cell membrane, and the hypochlorous acid in another aspect acidic oxidation electrolysis water can penetrate and destroy cell
Film, inducing microbial body is interior to generate active oxygen (Reactive oxygen species, ROS), further destroys Mesoplast heredity
The macromolecular structure of substance, cell metabolism enzyme and protein；Acidic oxidation electrolysis water have high redox potential (>
1100mV), while changing microbial cell film potential, can on direct oxidation cell membrane macromolecular compound sulfydryl, lead
Permeability of cell membrane enhancing is caused, to destroy intracellular normal metabolic processes, causes cellular content spilling, cell molten
Solution, to have the function that kill germ.
It is compared with pesticide control, there is no the pollution of area source of pesticide using acidic oxidation electrolysis water, wheat non agricultural chemical residuum is right
The control efficiency of stripe rust of wheat is good, and generates without phytotoxicity；EO water is finally reduced to light water, to environment substantially without
It influences, is not in the generation of the ecological succession after the applications of pesticide and microorganism drug resistance；Cost is relatively low, easy to spread.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
180L tap water is added into the electrolytic cell of device for producing electrolytic water, and potassium chloride is added by chlorate adding set
Form saturated potassium chloride solution.The ratio that Chlorine in Solution potassium is finely tuned by supplement water, prepares following three kinds of pH value respectively
Acidic oxidation electrolysis water.
Embodiment one: the acidic oxidation electrolysis water of pH value 2.0；
Embodiment two: the acidic oxidation electrolysis water of pH value 2.8；
Embodiment three: the acidic oxidation electrolysis water of pH value 3.0.
45 ㎏ are applied per acre and are sprayed to using the acidic oxidation electrolysis water of above-mentioned three kinds of pH value made from the same day, and item rust occurs
The wheat blade face of disease, has carried out preliminary test.Test site is the ox head agricultural technology service of 1 group of Xiangyang City, the town Niu Shou, the Fancheng District village Huang Feng
Center wheat is experimental field.Topography experimental field is flat, fertility level uniformity；Wheat growth stage and growing way are consistent, experimental field
Field management level it is consistent.It is roughly the same that heavier and incidence occurs throughout the year for the region stripe rust of wheat, experimental field around
Large area plants wheat.Wheat leaf planar condition is observed after a week, it is found that it is small the acidic oxidation electrolysis water of three kinds of pH value can control
Wheat yellow rust scab.
On the basis of the above embodiments, acidic oxidation electrolysis water and more than 40% ketone (more than 35% bacterium of pH2.8 is respectively adopted
Spirit, 5% triazolone) wettable powder (production of Dongtai southeast pesticide chemical Co., Ltd) to fall ill wheat leaf blade spray
It spills.Wherein more than 40% ketone is the recommended drug concentration that agriculture field prevents and treats stripe rust of wheat.Test sets acidic oxidation electrolysis water
PH2.8 30 ㎏, 45 ㎏, 60 ㎏, 3 dosage gradients per acre；More than the 40% ketone wettable powder of common pesticides to prevent and treat stripe rust of wheat
80g/ mus of agent and clear water compare, totally 5 processing, 3 repetitions of each processing, totally 15 block of cells, and every block of cells is 25 ㎡；Test
Block of cells random alignment.It is shown in Table 1:
The amount of application of each group reagent in 1 comparative test of table
| Reagent | Dosage | |
| Control one | Clear water | 45kg/ mus |
| Control two | More than 40% ketone is dissolved in water | 80g/ mus |
| Example IV | PH2.8 electrolysis water | 30 ㎏/mu |
| Embodiment five | PH2.8 electrolysis water | 45 ㎏/mu |
| Embodiment six | PH2.8 electrolysis water | 60 ㎏/mu |
Spraying time: it sprays for the 1st time on March 16th, 2017, March 24 sprayed for the 2nd time, April 21 sprayed for the 3rd time.Spray
Applying method: clear water is uniformly first sprayed in clear water check plot block with the sprayer cleaned up；According still further to acidic oxidation electrolysis water
Acidic oxidation electrolysis water loading sprayer is sprayed by dosage per acre.Pay attention to spraying uniform, drain spray is unable in block of cells.Often
It is 1124g, 1687g, 2249g that 30 ㎏ of mu, 45 ㎏, 60 ㎏, 3 dosage gradients, which correspond to every 25 square metres of dosage,.Contact electrolysis water
Container and the utensils such as measuring cup keep completely, without the pollution of any lipid phase and other organic matters, while to spray agriculture
The block of more than the 40% ketone wettable powder of medicine compares, and every 25 square metres of dosage 3g convert clear water 1687g and spray.
In the sick number of sheets of investigation on May 4th, 2017 and average severity, the sick leaf rate of calculating and disease index after stable disease.
Investigation uses diagonal line five point sampling, and every 20 plants of random searching, every plant of boot leaf of observation record, 2 leaves fall on 3 leaf, 3 leaves
Scab situation, calculate separately disease leaf rate and sick leaf be averaged severity.
Diseased plant rate is the percentage that morbidity strain number accounts for investigation total strain number；Sick leaf rate is that incidence of leaf number accounts for investigation blade amt
Percentage；The percentage of area occupied by strip rust bacteria uredium and the blade gross area on disease leaf is indicated with staging
Rate, the grade scale of stripe rust of wheat are the percentage that the blade gross area is accounted for by lesion area on sick leaf, and staging sets 8 grades of tables
Show: being indicated respectively with 1%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100%, the state of an illness between grade is then taken
Its proximity values, though severity of having fallen ill is remembered lower than 1% by 1%.
Diseased plant rate=morbidity strain number/investigation total strain number × 100%
Sick leaf rate=incidence of leaf number/investigation total leaf number × 100%
Average severity=Σ (each severity grade value × sick number of blade at different levels) the total sick number of sheets × 100% of/investigation
Disease index=disease leaf rate × disease leaf is averaged severity × 100
Disease after control efficiency=(disease index after disease index-treatment region application after the application of check plot)/check plot application
Feelings index × 100%
Field investigation result is specifically shown in Table 2 to table 5.
2 stripe rust of wheat disease leaf rate of table, severity statistical form
One, sick leaf rate: from the point of view of field investigation result, the stripe rust disease leaf rate respectively handled is handled minimum with pH2.8/60kg
It is 26.33%, followed by pH2.8/45kg processing is 31.67%, than the 70.67% of clear water control, difference low 44.34,39.0
Percentage point；The difference that pH2.8/60kg processing is compareed with clear water is handled and more than 40% up to 1% extremely significant level, pH2.8/45kg
The level of signifiance of the ketone difference that is compareed with clear water of processing up to 5%.
Two, average severity: being shown in Table 4, and the stripe rust respectively handled the severity that be averaged is minimum with pH2.8/45kg processing
6.27%, followed by pH2.8/60kg processing are 7.53%, than the 48.67% of clear water control, low 42.4,41.14 hundred respectively
Branch；Respectively handle the difference compareed with clear water up to 5% the level of signifiance；Except pH2.8/30kg processing is outer, other processing with clearly
Water control difference up to 1% extremely significant level.
3 stripe rust of wheat disease leaf rate of table, average severity, disease index analyze statistical form
| Sick leaf rate | pH2.8/30kg | pH2.8/45kg | pH2.8/60kg | More than 40% ketone | Clear water control |
| Repeat 1 | 0.52 | 0.37 | 0.28 | 0.38 | 0.88 |
| Repeat 2 | 0.7 | 0.35 | 0.30 | 0.14 | 0.64 |
| Repeat 3 | 0.13 | 0.23 | 0.21 | 0.58 | 0.60 |
| It is average | 0.45 | 0.32 | 0.26 | 0.37 | 0.71 |
| Average severity | pH2.8/30kg | pH2.8/45kg | pH2.8/60kg | More than 40% ketone | Clear water control |
| Repeat 1 | 0.47 | 0.07 | 0.11 | 0.09 | 0.58 |
| Repeat 2 | 0.44 | 0.06 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.44 |
| Repeat 3 | 0.038 | 0.06 | 0.04 | 0.40 | 0.44 |
| It is average | 0.316 | 0.06 | 0.08 | 0.17 | 0.49 |
| Disease index | pH2.8/30kg | pH2.8/45kg | pH2.8/60kg | More than 40% ketone | Clear water control |
| Repeat 1 | 24.44 | 2.74 | 3.02 | 3.42 | 51.04 |
| Repeat 2 | 30.80 | 1.96 | 2.34 | 0.27 | 28.16 |
| Repeat 3 | 0.49 | 1.33 | 0.84 | 23.20 | 26.40 |
| It is average | 18.58 | 2.01 | 2.07 | 8.96 | 35.20 |
4 stripe rust of wheat disease leaf rate of table, average severity, disease index analysis of variance table
Three, disease index: being shown in Table 4, and the stripe rust disease index respectively handled handles minimum 2.01 with pH2.8/45kg,
Secondary is pH2.8/60kg processing for 2.07, than the 35.20 of clear water control, respectively low 33.19,33.13；Each processing is compareed with clear water
Difference up to 5% the level of signifiance；In addition to clear water control, the difference of pH2.8/30kg, 45kg, 60kg processing is up to 5%
The level of signifiance.
Four, control efficiency: being shown in Table 5, and leaf preventive effect is best with pH2.8/60kg processing, is 62.10%, followed by pH2.8/
45kg processing is 54.98%, ketone is handled more than 40% 46.30%；Control efficiency (disease index) with pH2.8/45kg at
Reason preferably 87.11%, followed by pH2.8/60kg processing is 84.85%, is superior to the 63.01% of more than 40% ketone processing.
PH2.8/60kg processing is compared with pH2.8/45kg processing to the leaf preventive effect and control efficiency (disease index) of stripe rust without significant
Sex differernce.
Table 5 respectively handles the leaf preventive effect and disease index control efficiency analysis of variance table to stripe rust of wheat
The low ph value of acidic oxidation electrolysis water and high redox potential (+1100mV or more), have exceeded disease in the present invention
The existence tolerance range of pathogenic microorganism, makes its cell membrane potential change, and permeability of cell membrane enhancing, cell metabolism enzyme are broken
It is bad, microorganism death is eventually led to, and the acidic oxidation electrolysis water sprayed not will lead to wheat and wither, be dead.From experimental investigation
From the point of view of: one, used acidic oxidation electrolysis water without phytotoxicity generate wheat, shows to test acidic oxidation electricity in pH and amount ranges
Xie Shui is to wheat safety.Two, acidic oxidation electrolysis water can preferably prevent and treat stripe rust of wheat.Experimental observation sprays
Uredospore after acidic oxidation electrolysis water on second day stripe rust of wheat scab starts to dry up, and generates without Fresh spores,
Spore death after three days；Still there is Fresh spores generation after three days on clear water control stripe rust of wheat scab.Three, from experimental result
It sees, comprehensively considers, to use pH2.8 acidic oxidation electrolysis water to spray 45kg prevention and treatment stripe rust of wheat per acre as preferred embodiment.
Finally, it is stated that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting, although referring to compared with
Good embodiment describes the invention in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that, it can be to skill of the invention
Art scheme is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departing from the objective and range of technical solution of the present invention, should all be covered at this
In the scope of the claims of invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method using electrolysis water prevention and treatment stripe rust of wheat, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: obtaining electrolysis water using device for producing electrolytic water: chloride and water are added into the electrolytic cell of device for producing electrolytic water,
Obtaining acidic oxidation electrolysis water that pH value is 2.0 ~ 3.0 and pH value by electrolysis is 10.0 ~ 11.5 alkaline oxygenated electrolysis waters；
Step 2: acidic oxidation electrolysis water obtained in step 1 to be packed into the sprayer cleaned up, blade face is carried out to wheat
Sprinkling.
2. a kind of method using electrolysis water prevention and treatment stripe rust of wheat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 1
Middle acidic oxidation electrolysis water pH value is 2.8.
3. a kind of method using electrolysis water prevention and treatment stripe rust of wheat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the acid
Property EO water amount of application be 30 ~ 60 kg wheat per acre.
4. a kind of method using electrolysis water prevention and treatment stripe rust of wheat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: blade face spray
Mist carries out three times, first time foliar spray with second foliar spray time interval 1 week, second foliar spray and third time leaf
Face spray time interval 2 ~ 4 weeks.
5. a kind of method using electrolysis water prevention and treatment stripe rust of wheat according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the acid
Property EO water amount of application be 45 kg wheat per acre.
6. a kind of method using electrolysis water prevention and treatment stripe rust of wheat according to any one of claims 1 to 5, feature exist
In: the chloride is potassium chloride.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101779754A (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2010-07-21 | 中国农业大学 | Method for clearing away aflatoxin from crop seeds by utilizing acid electrolyzed functional water |
| CN105960968A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-09-28 | 北京建元天地环保科技有限公司 | Method for planting wheat by functional water |
| CN106489567A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2017-03-15 | 北京建元天地环保科技有限公司 | A kind of method that utilization high concentration basic functional water carries out increasing crop yield |
| CN106715338A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2017-05-24 | 夏普株式会社 | Methods and systems for providing inlets and outlets to cell pairs in an electrochemical separation device |
-
2018
- 2018-02-07 CN CN201810120759.1A patent/CN110149993A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101779754A (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2010-07-21 | 中国农业大学 | Method for clearing away aflatoxin from crop seeds by utilizing acid electrolyzed functional water |
| CN106715338A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2017-05-24 | 夏普株式会社 | Methods and systems for providing inlets and outlets to cell pairs in an electrochemical separation device |
| CN105960968A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-09-28 | 北京建元天地环保科技有限公司 | Method for planting wheat by functional water |
| CN106489567A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2017-03-15 | 北京建元天地环保科技有限公司 | A kind of method that utilization high concentration basic functional water carries out increasing crop yield |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 关东胜等: "强酸化水的制备及其灭菌效果", 《中国农业大学学报》 * |
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