CN101755012B - 偶氮染料 - Google Patents

偶氮染料 Download PDF

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CN101755012B
CN101755012B CN200880025105.5A CN200880025105A CN101755012B CN 101755012 B CN101755012 B CN 101755012B CN 200880025105 A CN200880025105 A CN 200880025105A CN 101755012 B CN101755012 B CN 101755012B
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CN101755012A (zh
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罗密欧·德赖尔
阿尔芬斯·阿坤特
阿尔斯·劳科
帕特里克·诺瓦克
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Ango Switzerland Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及基于苯二甲酰亚氨基取代的苯胺偶联成分和芳香族的-碳环的或芳香族的-杂环的重氮成分的分散型偶氮染料,涉及制备该种染料的方法,并涉及它们在半合成特别是合成疏水纤维材料,更特别地纺织材料的染色或印花中的用途。

Description

偶氮染料
技术领域
本发明涉及具有苯二甲酰亚氨基取代的苯胺偶联成分的分散性染料,涉及制备该种染料的方法,并涉及它们在半合成和特别地合成疏水纤维材料、更特别地在纺织材料的染色或印花中的用途。
背景技术
具有N-烷基-邻苯二甲酰亚胺重氮成分和苯胺偶联成分的分散型偶氮染料闻名已久,并被用于疏水纤维材料的染色。然而,已发现使用目前已知的染料进行的染色或印花并不总是能够满足目前的要求,特别是针对光、洗涤和排汗的不退色性。特别对于蓝色染料领域,需要对光、洗涤和排汗具有良好不退色性的鲜艳色的染色的新型染料。
现在已令人惊奇地发现,根据本发明的染料很大程度满足了上述标准。
发明内容
因此,本发明涉及能获得对光、洗涤和排汗具有极佳不退色性的染色,在浸染和热熔过程以及纺织品印花中均能显示良好的提升作用的分散型染料。该染料还适于拔染印花。
根据本发明的染料对应式(1)
其中Ar为式(1a)-(1l)的基团
其中
R1为氢、C1-C12烷基、C1-C12烷氧基或卤素,
R2为氢、C1-C12烷基、卤素或-NHCOR8,其中R8为未被取代或被一个或多个C1-C12烷氧基基团、羟基基团、氨基基团、或卤素原子取代的C1-C12烷基;未被取代或被一个或多个C1-C12烷基基团、C1-C12烷氧基基团、羟基基团、氨基基团或卤素原子取代的C5-C30芳基;或者未被取代或被一个或多个C1-C12烷基基团、C1-C12烷氧基基团、羟基基团、氨基基团或卤素原子取代的C5-C30杂芳基,
R3为未被取代或被一个或多个C1-C12烷氧基基团、羟基基团、氨基基团、-COOR8基团、-OCOR8基团取代的C1-C12烷基,其中R8如上文定义,或为卤素原子;未被取代或被一个或多个C1-C12烷氧基基团、羟基基团、氨基基团或卤素原子取代的C2-C12烯基;或者未被取代或被一个或多个C1-C12烷氧基基团、羟基基团、氨基基团或卤素原子取代的C6-C36芳烷基,
R4为氢或C1-C12烷基,
X为氧或硫,
n为0或1,
m为从1到5的数值,
当n=0且m=1时,R2不是氢或甲基,
Y为-CO-或-SO2-,
R5、R6和R7各自彼此独立地为氢、C1-C12烷基、C1-C12烷氧基、卤素、-CN、-NO2、-CF3、-COOR9或-CONHR9,其中R9为C1-C12烷基、C5-C30芳基或C5-C30杂芳基,
R10为氢、C1-C12烷基、C1-C12羟基烷基、C1-C12氰基烷基、C5-C30芳基或C6-C36芳烷基,
Z1和Z2各自彼此独立地为溴、氯、氰基、硝基或三氟甲基,但在式(1a)的基团中排除Z1和Z2为氯,
Z3为溴、氯、氰基、硝基、三氟甲基或C1-C12烷基,
Z4为氯或-CONH2
Z5为氯、溴、C1-C12烷基或C1-C12烷氧基,
Z6和Z7各自彼此独立地为氢、溴、氯、氰基、硝基或三氟甲基,
Z8为氰基、硝基或C1-C12烷氧基羰基,
Z9为氢、溴、氯、C1-C12烷基、C5-C30芳基或C6-C36芳烷基,且
Z10为氢、氰基、硝基或-COR4,其中R4如上述定义。
当基团R1-R9或Z1-Z10任意一个或多个为烷基时,该一个或多个基团可以是直链或支链化的。烷基基团的范例为甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、新戊基、正己基、正庚基、正辛基、异辛基、正癸基和正十二烷基。
取代的烷基基团为,例如,2-羟基乙基、2-羟基丙基、4-羟基丁基、2-氨乙基、2-氨丙基、4-氨丁基、氰基甲基、2-氰基乙基、2-氯乙基、2-溴乙基和4-氯丁基。
烷氧基基团的范例为甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、异丁氧基、仲丁氧基、叔丁氧基、正戊氧基、新戊氧基、正己氧基、正庚氧基、正辛氧基、异辛氧基、正癸氧基和正十二烷氧基。
合适的卤素取代基为氟以及特别地氯和溴。
表示芳基基团的R8、R9、R10或Z9具有优选5-24个碳原子,特别是6-14个碳原子。
合适的芳基基团的范例为苯基、甲苯基、米基(mesityl)、isityl、2-羟基苯基、4-羟基苯基、2-氯苯基、4-氯苯基、2,6-二氯苯基、2-氨基苯基、3-氨基苯基、4-氨基苯基、4-甲氧基苯基、4-乙氧基苯基、萘基和菲基。
芳烷基基团如R3、R10或Z9优选具有6-30个碳原子,特别是具有7-12个碳原子。
合适的芳烷基基团的范例为苯甲基、2-苯乙基、甲苯基甲基、米基甲基和4-氯苯基甲基。
R5、R6、R7或R8杂芳基优选包含4或5个碳原子和1或2个选自O、S和N的杂原子。它可以是,例如,吡咯基、呋喃基、硫代苯基、噁唑基、噻唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、嘧啶基、哒嗪基、吲哚基、嘌呤基或喹啉基。
在式(1)中,R1优选为氢、甲基或甲氧基,特别是氢。
还优选式(1)的染料,其中R2为氢、甲基、氯、乙酰氨基、丙酰氨基或甲氧基乙酰氨基。
式(1)的染料,其中特别优选R2为甲基或乙酰氨基。
在式(1)中,R3优选为氢、甲基、乙基、正丙基、烯丙基、1-甲氧基羰基乙基、2-甲氧基乙基、2-乙氧基乙基、2-乙酰氧基乙基、2-氰基乙基、2-甲氧基羰基乙基或2-乙氧基羰基乙基。
在特别优选的式(1)的染料中,R3为乙基或2-甲氧基乙基。
式(1)中R4优选为氢或甲基,特别是氢。
式(1)中Y优选为-CO-。
在特别优选的式(1)的染料中,R4为氢,n为0且m为2或3。
还优选式(1)的染料,其中R5、R6和R7分别为氢。
式(1)中的基团Ar衍生自适于重氮化的胺Ar-NH2。适于制备偶氮染料的重氮成分Ar-NH2已为本领域技术人员公知。
合适的基团Ar的范例为
式(1)中的Ar优选式(1a)、(1d)或(1j)的基团。
在特别优选的式(1)的染料中,Ar为式 的基团。
合适的式(1)的染料的范例为式(101)-(200)的化合物(λmax=最大吸收波长):
λmax=615nm
λmax=602nm
λmax=608nm
λmax=548nm
λmax=581nm
λmax=605nm
λmax=585nm
λmax=548nm
λmax=550nm
λmax=546nm
λmax=585nm
λmax=583nm
λmax=584nm
λmax=549nm
λmax=544nm
λmax=545nm
λmax=619nm
λmax=583nm
λmax=582nm
λmax=618nm
λmax=613nm
λmax=615nm
λmax=586nm
λmax=584nm
λmax=581nm
λmax=614nm
λmax=591nm
λmax=593nm
λmax=589nm
λmax=612nm
λmax=610nm
λmax=611nm
λmax=592nm
λmax=587nm
λmax=587nm
λmax=612nm
λmax=559nm
λmax=544nm
λmax=546nm
λmax=542nm
λmax=557nm
λmax=555nm
λmax=555nm
λmax=542nm
λmax=539nm
λmax=543nm
λmax=556nm
λmax=560nm
λmax=545nm
λmax=547nm
λmax=543nm
λmax=558nm
λmax=556nm
λmax=556nm
λmax=545nm
λmax=541nm
λmax=545nm
λmax=558nm
λmax=588nm
λmax=549nm
λmax=547nm
λmax=586nm
λmax=584nm
λmax=586nm
λmax=549nm
λmax=544nm
λmax=546nm
λmax=586nm
λmax=640nm
λmax=638nm
λmax=640nm
λmax=637nm
λmax=641nm
λmax=636nm
λmax=637nm
λmax=645nm
λmax=635nm
λmax=640nm
λmax=640nm
λmax=610nm
λmax=610nm
λmax=613nm
λmax=607nm
λmax=609nm
λmax=607nm
λmax=608nm
λmax=609nm
λmax=604nm
λmax=606nm
λmax=608nm
λmax=605nm
λmax=600nm
λmax=601nm
λmax=597nm
λmax=603nm
λmax=600nm
λmax=600nm
λmax=601nm
λmax=597nm
λmax=599nm
特别优选式(101)-(106)的染料
本发明还涉及制备式(1)的染料的方法,其中Ar如上文定义的式Ar-NH2的重氮成分被重氮化并偶联至式(2)的偶联成分
其中R1-R7、X、n、m和Y如上文定义。
式(2)的偶联成分是新颖的,本发明还涉及该偶联成分。
式(2)的偶联成分可根据已知方法合成,例如通过将式(3)的化合物与式(4)的化合物缩合得到,
其中式(3)和(4)中的R1-R7、X、n、m和Y如上文所定义,Hal为卤素。
式(3)的苯胺已知,且部分已有市售。
式(4)的卤素化合物同样已知或可通过已知的方法获得,例如通过WO 2003/027070所述的方法获得。
本发明还涉及制备式(2)的偶联成分的方法。
该重氮化通过已知的方法进行,例如在酸性(例如,含氢氯酸或含硫酸)水介质中与亚硝酸钠进行。然而,该重氮化还可使用其它重氮化试剂进行,例如采用亚硝基硫酸。在重氮化中,可在反应介质中存在额外的酸,例如,磷酸、硫酸、醋酸、丙酸或氢氯酸或该类酸的混合物,例如丙酸和醋酸的混合物。该重氮化有利地在从-10至30℃(-10℃至室温)的温度下进行。
重氮化化合物与式(2)的偶联成分的偶联同样可以已知的方式实现,例如,在酸性、水或水-有机介质中,有利地在-10至30℃的温度下(特别在10℃以下)进行。所用的酸的范例为氢氯酸、醋酸、丙酸、硫酸和磷酸。
重氮成分Ar-NH2已知,或可通过已知的方法制备。
本发明还涉及包含至少一种式(1)的染料和至少一种不同于式(1)的染料的染料混合物。
可用于本发明所述的染料混合物的合适的不同于式(1)的染料为,例如,WO 2006/131530所述的式(I)、(II)、(III)、(IV)和(V)的偶氮染料、WO 2005/056690的实施例1-5所述的染料以及WO 2005/040283中披露的式(I)的偶氮染料。
其它可有利地与本发明的式(1)的染料混合的合适染料为,例如,C.I.分散紫107、C.I.分散蓝60、C.I.分散蓝284、C.I.分散蓝295、C.I.分散蓝337、C.I.分散蓝354、C.I.分散蓝365、C.I.分散蓝368、C.I.分散蓝378、C.I.分散蓝380。
根据本发明的染料混合物可通过,例如,将单独的染料简单混合制备得到。
根据本发明的染料混合物中的单独染料的量可在大范围内变化。
根据本发明的染料混合物有利地包含按重量计至少20%、优选至少30%和特别为至少40%的一种或多种式(1)的染料。
根据本发明的染料可用于半合成和特别地合成疏水纤维材料、更特别地在纺织材料的染色或印花。包含该种半合成和/或合成疏水纤维材料的混合物组成的纺织材料通常可采用根据本发明的染料或染料混合物进行染色或印花。
可以考虑的半合成纤维材料特别是21/2乙酸纤维素和三乙酸纤维素。
合成的疏水纤维材料可特别地由线性、芳香族的聚酯,例如对苯二甲酸和二醇(特别是乙二醇),或对苯二甲酸和1,4-双(羟基甲基)环己烷的缩合产物的聚酯;聚碳酸酯,例如α,α-二甲基-4,4-二羟基-二苯基甲烷和碳酰氯,以及基于聚氯乙烯和聚酰胺的纤维的聚碳酸酯所组成。
根据本发明的染料和染料混合物在纤维材料上的应用可根据已知的步骤实现。例如,聚酯纤维材料可在常用的阴离子型或非离子型分散剂和可选的常用溶胀剂(载体)的存在下于80-140℃的温度下由水性分散体通过浸染法(exhaust process)染色。21/2乙酸纤维素优选在65至85℃下染色,而三乙酸纤维素优选在65至115℃下染色。
根据本发明的染料和染料混合物不会同时对染浴中存在的毛织物或棉织物染色,或者仅对该种材料略微染色(保留极佳),因此它们还可理想地用于聚酯/毛织物和聚酯/醋酸纤维混合织物的染色。
根据本发明的染料和染料混合物适于根据热熔法在浸染法中和在印花过程中染色。
所述纤维材料可呈多种加工形式,例如,呈纱线或无纺的纤维形式,呈纺织物或编织物形式。
有利地,可在使用前将根据本发明的染料和染料混合物转化为染料制备物。针对该目的,可将染料进行研磨以使其平均粒径在0.1至10微米。该研磨可在分散剂存在下进行。例如,干染料可与分散剂研磨或与分散剂揉成膏状后真空干燥或雾化干燥。由此得到的制备物可在添加水后用于制备印花色浆或染浴。
为进行印花,可使用常用的增稠剂,例如,修饰或未修饰的天然产物,例如藻酸盐、糊精、阿拉伯树胶、结晶树胶、卡罗布胶、黄芪胶、羧甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、淀粉或合成产物,例如聚丙烯酰胺、聚丙烯酸或其共聚物,或聚乙烯醇。
根据本发明的染料和染料混合物可使得上述材料(特别是聚酯材料)具有极佳的使用不退色性的均匀色泽,例如,特别是,对光、热固化、折叠、氯、潮湿(例如水、排汗以及洗涤)的良好不退色性,最终的染色还对摩擦具有极佳的不退色性。应特别注意所述的染色对光、排汗和特别是洗涤的良好不退色性。
根据本发明的染料和染料混合物还可理想地用于和其它染料制备混合色泽。
根据本发明的染料和染料混合物还非常适于对来自超临界CO2的疏水纤维材料的染色。
本发明还涉及根据本发明的染料和染料混合物的上述用途,以及涉及对半合成或合成疏水纤维材料(特别是纺织材料)的染色或印花的方法,其中根据本发明的染料被应用至所述材料或与这些材料结合。所述疏水纤维材料优选纺织聚酯材料。可通过根据本发明的方法处理的其它基材以及优选的处理条件可在以上对根据本发明的染料的用途的详细描述中发现。
本发明还涉及通过所述方法染色或印花的疏水纤维材料,特别是聚酯纺织材料。
根据本发明的染料还适用于现代复制过程,例如热传递印刷。
具体实施方式
下列实施例用于阐述本发明。在这些实施例中,除非另行指明,份数为重量份数,而百分比为重量百分比。温度以摄氏度给出。重量份数和体积分数之间的关系等同于克和立方厘米之间的关系。
I.制备实施例
实施例I.1
A.偶联成分的制备
将9.3g(0.05mol)干3-乙酰氨基-N-乙基苯胺加热至110℃,向其添加2ml甲苯和6.2g醋酸钠。在剧烈搅拌下,在130℃下缓慢地逐滴加入21.63g(0.07mol)N-(4-溴丁基)邻苯二甲酰亚胺在25ml甲苯中的溶液,连续蒸馏除去在混合物中形成的乙酸。然后将混合物冷却至100℃,并通过减压蒸馏分离残留的挥发性组分。将剩余的粘稠油与少量的甲醇/水(1∶1)搅拌,并分离水相。从乙醇/水(1∶1)结晶得到的纯产物的熔点为80℃;产量为14.0g(75%)。
B.重氮化
将21g 40%亚硝基硫酸置于实验室反应装置中。在15-20℃下,加入6.1g 2,6-二溴-4-硝基苯胺。在15-20℃下搅拌2小时后,将混合物注入60g冰水中,并继续搅拌15分钟。通过添加氨基磺酸破坏过量的亚硝酸盐。
C.偶联
将含于50ml 80%乙酸的7.4g 4-乙酰氨基-N-(3-苯二甲酰亚氨基丙基)-N-乙基苯胺置于实验室反应装置中,并向其添加3滴Surfynol 104E(2,4,7,9-四甲基-5-癸炔-4,7-二醇)。添加40g冰后,缓慢地逐滴添加B中制备的重氮盐的溶液,保持内部温度为0-5℃。将混合物在0-5℃下搅拌1小时,并室温过夜。添加100ml水后,抽吸过滤固体,用去离子水洗涤并干燥。获得13.1g式(101a)的化合物。
D.氰化
在30分钟内于105℃下向1.37g CuCN和0.15g NaCN在100mlDMF的溶液中逐滴添加4.15g染料(101a)在80ml DMF中的溶液。将混合物在105℃下搅拌2小时。冷却至室温后,逐滴添加15ml水,并室温搅拌过夜。抽吸过滤固体,用15%NH3溶液和水洗涤,并干燥。
产量:3.0g式(101)的染料。
实施例I.2-I.6
通过近似于实施例I.1所述的方法制备染料(102)-(106)。
II.应用实施例
实施例II.1:
将聚酯织物样本(Tersuisse 5-4204)在含有1%的(101)-(105)其中之一的染浴中在135℃下的高温浸染过程中染色。所得的染色显示的针对升华、洗涤和排汗的不退色性值≥4。
实施例II.2:
根据实施例II.1所述将聚酯织物的样本染色,但以表1中所给的染料混合物1-48取代染料(101)-(105)。表1中所给的数值分别表示重量%。
由此获得的染色显示了针对升华、洗涤和排汗的高不退色性值。
表1
  染料   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   10   11   12
  化合物(101)化合物(102)化合物(103)化合物(104)化合物(105)化合物(106)分散蓝60分散蓝284分散蓝354分散蓝368分散蓝378分散蓝380分散蓝365分散蓝337DS紫107分散蓝295 155035 204040 4060 3565   206020 304030 405010 6040 503020 5525155 45301510 4555
表1(续)
  染料   13   14   15   16   17   18   19   20   21   22   23   24
  化合物(101)化合物(102)化合物(103)化合物(104)化合物(105)化合物(106)分散蓝60分散蓝284分散蓝354分散蓝368分散蓝378分散蓝380分散蓝365分散蓝337DS紫107分散蓝295 5050 5050 6040 553015   503020   40104010   403030 402535   353530   353530 6535   205030
表1(续)
  染料   25   26   27   28   29   30   31   32   33   34   35   36
  化合物(101)化合物(102)化合物(103)化合物(104)化合物(105)化合物(106)分散蓝60分散蓝284分散蓝354分散蓝368分散蓝378分散蓝380分散蓝365分散蓝337DS紫107分散蓝295   403525 252550 30154510 5050 503020   252550 454015 6040 5050   30201535   4555   3565
表1(续)
  染料   37   38   39   40   41   42   43   44   45   46   47   48
  化合物(101)化合物(102)化合物(103)化合物(104)化合物(105)化合物(106)分散蓝60分散蓝284分散蓝354分散蓝368分散蓝378分散蓝380分散蓝365分散蓝337DS紫107分散蓝295 5050 304030 3070 3070 5050   5050   502525 353530 6040 353530   2020202020 303040

Claims (12)

1.式(1)的染料
其中Ar为式(1b)-(1l)的基团
或者Ar为式基团,
其中
R1为氢、C1-C12烷基、C1-C12烷氧基或卤素,
R2为氢、C1-C12烷基、卤素或-NHCOR8,其中R8为未被取代或被一个或多个C1-C12烷氧基基团、羟基基团、氨基基团、或卤素原子取代的C1-C12烷基,
R3为未被取代或被一个或多个C1-C12烷氧基基团、羟基基团、氨基基团、卤素原子、-COOR8基团、-OCOR8基团取代的C1-C12烷基,其中R8如上文定义;或者未被取代或被一个或多个C1-C12烷氧基基团、羟基基团、氨基基团或卤素原子取代的C2-C12烯基,
R4为氢,
X为氧或硫,
n为0,
m为2或3,
Y为-CO-,
R5、R6和R7各自彼此独立地为氢,
R10为氢、C1-C12烷基、C1-C12羟基烷基、或C1-C12氰基烷基,
Z1为溴、氯、氰基、硝基或三氟甲基,
Z4为氯或-CONH2
Z5为氯、溴、C1-C12烷基或C1-C12烷氧基,
Z6和Z7各自彼此独立地为氢、溴、氯、氰基、硝基或三氟甲基,
Z8为氰基、硝基或C1-C12烷氧基羰基,
Z9为氢、溴、氯、或C1-C12烷基,且
Z10为氢、氰基、硝基或-COR4,其中R4如上述定义。
2.如权利要求1所述的式(1)的染料,其中R1为氢、甲基或甲氧基。
3.如权利要求1所述的式(1)的染料,其中R2为氢、甲基、氯、乙酰氨基、丙酰氨基或甲氧基乙酰氨基。
4.如权利要求1所述的式(1)的染料,其中R3为甲基、乙基、正丙基、烯丙基、1-甲氧基羰基乙基、2-甲氧基乙基、2-乙氧基乙基、2-乙酰氧基乙基、2-甲氧基羰基乙基或2-乙氧基羰基乙基。
5.如权利要求1所述的式(1)的染料,其中R5、R6和R7各自为氢。
6.如权利要求1所述的式(1)的染料,其中Ar为式(1d)或(1j)的基团。
7.如权利要求1所述的式(1)的染料,其中Ar为式
的基团。
8.如权利要求1所述的式(1)的染料的制备方法,其中Ar如权利要求1定义的式Ar-NH2的重氮成分被重氮化,并偶联至式(2)的偶联成分
其中R1-R7、X、n、m和Y如权利要求1所定义。
9.包含至少一种如权利要求1所述的式(1)的染料和至少一种不同于式(1)的染料的染料混合物。
10.半合成或合成疏水纤维材料的染色或印花方法,其中如权利要求1所述的式(1)的染料或如权利要求9所述的染料混合物被应用至所述材料或被合并进入该种材料。
11.如权利要求1所述的式(1)的染料在半合成疏水纤维材料的染色或印花中的用途。
12.通过如权利要求10所述的方法染色或印花的半合成疏水纤维材料。
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