CN101744345A - Natural food preservative taking aloe as raw material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a natural food preservative taking aloe as raw material and a preparation method thereof. The natural food preservative is prepared by mixing the raw material of aloe extract, glucose and table salt, and the weight ratio of the raw material is as follows: 5 to 15 parts of aloe extract, 1 to 2 parts of glucose and 1 to 2 parts of table salt. The aloe extract is powder prepared by drying the aloe extracting solution. The natural food preservative of the invention has the broad-spectrum antimicrobial effect, has stronger bacteriostatic effect for various bacteria, saccharomycetes and mould, and is superior to chemical food preservative on the bacteriostatic effect.

Description

It with the aloe antiseptics for natural food of raw material and preparation method thereof

[technical field]

The present invention relates to a kind of natural food-preservative and preparation method thereof, particularly relating to a kind of is the antiseptics for natural food and preparation method thereof of raw material with the aloe, belongs to the food additives field.

[background technology]

In food industry, anti-corrosive fresh-keeping is major issue all the time.According to estimates, the whole world has 10～20% food be lost in various putrid and deteriorated every year.Putrid and deteriorated reason comprises physics, chemistry, enzyme and microorganism four big factors, and wherein microbial action is the most serious.For prolonging the food preservation phase, people adopt means of different, make the microorganism loss of activity, delay or stop its growth, and adding food preservative is method wherein easily and effectively a kind of and that generally adopted.

The kind of the anticorrisive agent on the market is more, and the main food preservative of three major types that domestic current reality is used is benzoic acid, sorbic acid and its esters, p-hydroxybenzoate.They all are chemical synthesis class additives, because of cheap, favorable anti-corrosion effect are used widely in food processing.Have now found that they have harmful effect to the mouthfeel of food and people healthy, strictly limit its consumption in food, and its antiseptic effect is subjected to factor affecting such as solubility, food microorganisms kind, pH.Therefore, efficient, the wide spectrum of exploitation, safety and stability and cheap new food preservative have great importance.In the world, food additives are to trend development natural, nutrition.China is vast in territory, and plant resources is very abundant.Therefore, from plant, seek, extract the main flow that natural additive for foodstuff becomes current food additives research and development.

Along with going deep into of research, the natural antimicrobial substance of being familiar with is more and more.According to the source, can be divided three classes: extract in the natural plants, derive from the natural antiseptic agent of animal, microbiology class.Have many physiological activators in the nature natural plants, have antibacterial action, this provides precious resources for the research of carrying out the plant containing natural anticorrisive agent.

Wherein, aloe is the perennial meat draft of an a kind of known Liliaceae crop, chemical analysis mainly contains phenolic substance, terpene, steroidal, carbohydrate and alkaloid etc., have effects such as sterilization, anti-inflammatory, wherein tinctura aloes is the very strong material of antibiotic property, can kill germs such as fungi, mould, bacterium, virus, the growth breeding of inhibition and eliminating pathogen.According to physiologically active and the pharmacological action of aloe, show that aloe has higher biologically active, have higher anti-corrosive fresh-keeping function, therefore, excavate the effect of aloe on antistaling agent, have good prospect.

[summary of the invention]

The present invention aims to provide a kind of natural food-preservative, and a kind of preparation method of this antistaling agent.The present invention is by extracting medicine food plant aloe, and being configured to a kind of is the antiseptics for natural food of raw material with the aloe, is used for the anti-corrosive fresh-keeping of food.Antistaling agent of the present invention is that pure natural plant extracts preparation, and the food security after fresh-keeping does not have residual hazard, quality is not had influence, long fresh-keeping period, helps transportation, the sale of food, the reduction of preservation cost, produces bigger economic benefit.

Of the present invention is the antiseptics for natural food and the preparation method of raw material with the aloe, it is characterized in that: by aloe extract, glucose and salt is that raw material mixes, and the weight ratio of described raw material is: aloe extract: 5-15, glucose: 1-2, salt: 1-2.Preferred weight ratio is: aloe extract: 10, glucose: 1.5, salt: 1.5.Described aloe extract is the pulvis that extract solution from aloe is made by drying.

Its concrete steps comprise:

(1) takes by weighing a certain amount of fresh or dry aloe, clean, shred.

(2) aloe after will shredding is inserted in the multi-function extractor, adds 5 times to the water of aloe quality, and regulating extractor pressure is that 2MPa, temperature are 30-40 ℃, extracts 2 times, and each 2 hours, the merging extract.

(3) extract is staticly settled 24 hours, getting supernatant liquor is that 60 orders, 100 orders, 200 orders and 400 purpose multi-layer silk screens filter by the aperture successively.

(4) filtered fluid is inserted in the vacuum concentration pot, under 4 ℃, concentrate, get medicinal extract.

(5) medicinal extract is carried out drying by drying tower, dry back is crushed to 150 orders by Universalpulverizer, promptly gets aloe extract.

(6) weight ratio that takes by weighing by raw material is the aloe extract of 5-15: 1-2: 1-2: glucose: salt, mix aloe extract, glucose and salt three component raw material promptly being able to the antiseptics for natural food that aloe is a raw material.

Antiseptics for natural food of the present invention has the effect of broad-spectrum antibacterial, and each bacterioid, saccharomycete, mould are had stronger fungistatic effect, and its fungistatic effect obviously is better than chemical food preservative.

The invention has the advantages that: (1) extracts the antistaling agent of preparation from natural medicine-food dual purpose plant aloe, and safety non-toxic meets the foodsafety that present country advocates; (2) adopting the medicine food dual purpose plant aloe to extract, is great promotion to the plant resources of developing China; (3) anticorrisive agent of the present invention and chemical synthesis class anticorrosion as benzoic acid, sorbic acid under equal concentration conditions, its fungistatic effect is more obvious; (4) the present invention is used for food production processing, not only cost is low, and corrosion-resistanting fresh-keeping effect is good.

[specific embodiment]

Embodiment one: the preparation of anticorrisive agent 1

(1) takes by weighing fresh aloe 5Kg respectively, clean, shred the back and mix;

(2) above-mentioned aloe is inserted in the multi-function extractor, add 25Kg water, regulating extractor pressure is that 2Mpa, temperature are 30 ℃, extracts 2 times, each 2 hours, merges extract.

(3) extract is staticly settled 24 hours, get supernatant liquor and filter through 60 orders, 100 orders, 200 orders, 400 purpose multi-layer silk screens successively from top to down.

(4) filtered fluid is inserted in the vacuum concentration pot, under 4 ℃, concentrate, get medicinal extract.

(5) medicinal extract is carried out drying by drying tower, dry back is crushed to 150 orders by Universalpulverizer, promptly gets aloe extract.

(6) take by weighing above-mentioned aloe extract 5g, glucose 1g, salt 1g respectively, fully mix promptly getting the antiseptics for natural food 1 that 7g is raw material with the aloe.

Embodiment two: the preparation of anticorrisive agent 2

(1) takes by weighing fresh aloe 5Kg respectively, clean, shred the back and mix;

(2) above-mentioned aloe is inserted in the multi-function extractor, add 25Kg water, regulating extractor pressure is that 2Mpa, temperature are 30 ℃, extracts 2 times, each 2 hours, merges extract.

(3) extract is staticly settled 24 hours, get supernatant liquor and filter through 60 orders, 100 orders, 200 orders, 400 purpose multi-layer silk screens successively from top to down.

(4) filtered fluid is inserted in the vacuum concentration pot, under 4 ℃, concentrate, get medicinal extract.

(5) medicinal extract is carried out drying by drying tower, dry back is crushed to 150 orders by Universalpulverizer, promptly gets aloe extract.

(6) take by weighing above-mentioned aloe extract 15g, glucose 2g, salt 2g respectively, fully mix promptly getting the antiseptics for natural food 2 that 9g is raw material with the aloe.

Embodiment three: the preparation of anticorrisive agent 3

(1) takes by weighing fresh aloe 5Kg respectively, clean, shred the back and mix;

(2) above-mentioned aloe is inserted in the multi-function extractor, add 25Kg water, regulating extractor pressure is that 2Mpa, temperature are 30 ℃, extracts 2 times, each 2 hours, merges extract.

(3) extract is staticly settled 24 hours, get supernatant liquor and filter through 60 orders, 100 orders, 200 orders, 400 purpose multi-layer silk screens successively from top to down.

(4) filtered fluid is inserted in the vacuum concentration pot, under 4 ℃, concentrate, get medicinal extract.

(5) medicinal extract is carried out drying by drying tower, dry back is crushed to 150 orders by Universalpulverizer, promptly gets aloe extract.

(6) take by weighing above-mentioned aloe extract 10g, glucose 1.5g, salt 1.5g respectively, fully mix promptly getting the antiseptics for natural food 3 that 13g is raw material with the aloe.

Embodiment four: the anticorrisive agent safety testing

The toxicity test of anticorrisive agent of the present invention has carried out two aspects to be observed, (1) toxicological safety assessment: this anticorrisive agent is respectively with this anticorrisive agent low dose group (0.05%), dosage group (0.1%), this anticorrisive agent high dose group (0.2%) in this anticorrisive agent, give the rat oral gavage administration, 1 time/day, control group is irritated stomach by equivalent plain boiled water, 1 time/day, continuous 30 days, the result shows that each dosage group of this anticorrisive agent learns index, biochemical indicator, hepatic and renal function, albumen, fat, glycometabolism etc. to rat blood and all do not have obvious scape to ring, and animal is not seen toxic reaction.(2) acute toxicity: by this antistaling agent of mouse stomach maximum is tested, the result shows after mouse is used does not all have tangible toxic reaction, do not have death in one week, the maximum consumption of this anticorrisive agent of mouse stomach is 50g/Kg, is equivalent to 10000 times of adult's solar eclipse dosage.Illustrate that this anticorrisive agent has very high security.

Embodiment five: fungistatic effect

With Escherichia coli, hay bacillus, staphylococcus aureus, saccharomycete, aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus is an indicator bacteria, carry out activation culture with meat extract protein culture medium and potato culture, culture tube is divided into six groups simultaneously, the A group adds 2mL anticorrisive agent 1 of the present invention (concentration 0.1%), the B group adds 2mL anticorrisive agent 2 of the present invention (concentration 0.1%), the C group adds 2mL anticorrisive agent 3 of the present invention (concentration 0.1%), the D group adds 2mL benzoic acid solution (concentration 0.1%), the E group adds 2mL sorbic acid solution (concentration 0.1%), the F group adds the 2mL sterilized water, place 37 ℃ constant incubator to cultivate 24h, measure its absorbance at wavelength 560nm place, make blank with the nutrient solution that does not contain antistaling agent.

Bacteriostasis rate calculates with following formula:

$\mathrm{PI}=\frac{({\mathrm{OD}}_{<1,c>}-{\mathrm{OD}}_{<0,c>})-({\mathrm{OD}}_{<1,i>}-{\mathrm{OD}}_{<0,i>})}{({\mathrm{OD}}_{<1,c>}-{\mathrm{OD}}_{<0,i>})}$

OD in the formula _{＜1, c 〉}And OD _{＜0, c 〉}Being respectively the sample of doing contrast is the absorbance of 24h and 0h at incubation time, OD _{＜1, i 〉}And OD _{＜0, i 〉}Being respectively the sample that contains anticorrisive agent is the absorbance of 24h and 0h at incubation time.Above-mentioned five kinds of anticorrisive agents are carried out the mensuration of fungistatic effect respectively.The size of bacteriostasis rate is represented the height of fungistatic effect, and the bacteriostasis rate value is big more, shows that fungistatic effect is good more.

Five kinds of anticorrisive agents see Table 1 to the bacteriostasis rate measurement result of Escherichia coli, hay bacillus, staphylococcus aureus, saccharomycete, aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus.

The fungistatic effect of the various microorganisms of table 1

The index bacterium	The A group	The B group	The C group	The D group	The E group
						Escherichia coli	??55％	??57％	??69％	??36％	??39％
Hay bacillus	??71％	??68％	??83％	??32％	??37％
						Staphylococcus aureus	??69％	??63％	??76％	??37％	??34％
Saccharomycete	??56％	??54％	??61％	??33％	??46％
						Aspergillus niger	??57％	??56％	??67％	??35％	??48％
Aspergillus flavus	??58％	??55％	??64％	??36％	??48％

As can be seen from Table 1, anticorrisive agent of the present invention has the effect of broad-spectrum antibacterial, and each bacterioid, saccharomycete, mould are all had stronger fungistatic effect, and its fungistatic effect obviously is better than chemical food preservative.

Claims (4)

1. one kind is the antiseptics for natural food and the preparation method of raw material with the aloe, it is characterized in that: by aloe extract, glucose and salt is that raw material mixes, and the weight ratio of described raw material is: aloe extract: 5-15, glucose: 1-2, salt: 1-2.Described aloe extract is the pulvis that extract solution from aloe is made by drying.

2. antiseptics for natural food as claimed in claim 1 and preparation method is characterized in that: by aloe extract, glucose and salt is that raw material mixes, and the weight ratio of described raw material is: aloe extract: 10, glucose: 1.5, salt: 1.5.

3. preparation method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:

(1) takes by weighing a certain amount of fresh or dry aloe, clean, shred.

(2) aloe after will shredding is inserted in the multi-function extractor, adds 5 times to the water of aloe quality, and regulating extractor pressure is that 2MPa, temperature are 30-40 ℃, extracts 2 times, and each 2 hours, the merging extract.

(3) extract is staticly settled 24 hours, get supernatant liquor and filter.

(4) filtered fluid is inserted in the vacuum concentration pot, under 4 ℃, concentrate, get medicinal extract.

(5) medicinal extract is carried out drying by drying tower, dry back is crushed to 150 orders by Universalpulverizer, promptly gets aloe extract.

(6) weight ratio that takes by weighing by raw material is the aloe extract of 5-15: 1-2: 1-2: glucose: salt, mix aloe extract, glucose and salt three component raw material promptly being able to the antiseptics for natural food that aloe is a raw material.

4. preparation method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that the filtration in the step (3) adopts multi-layer silk screen to filter, and the filter wire screen distance is followed successively by 60 orders, 100 orders, 200 orders and 400 orders.