CN101743832B - Determination method of proper age limit for apple and crop intercropping in arid and semiarid regions - Google Patents
Determination method of proper age limit for apple and crop intercropping in arid and semiarid regions Download PDFInfo
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- CN101743832B CN101743832B CN2009102441402A CN200910244140A CN101743832B CN 101743832 B CN101743832 B CN 101743832B CN 2009102441402 A CN2009102441402 A CN 2009102441402A CN 200910244140 A CN200910244140 A CN 200910244140A CN 101743832 B CN101743832 B CN 101743832B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a determination method of age limit for apple and crop intercropping in arid and semiarid regions. By researching the vertical projected area of the crowns of apple trees of different forest ages under the condition of typical sites of arid and semiarid regions such as loess plateau and the like, the invention summarizes the change rule of the vertical projected area of the crowns along with apple tree age, i.e. S=-0.136N2+3.219N-5.595; according to the rule and the required vertical projected area of the crowns, the proper age limit for apple and crop intercropping in the arid and semiarid regions can be obtained. The method can determine scientifically the proper age limit for apple and crop intercropping and fundamentally solve the problems of arbitrariness, experience and the like of the intercropping age limit in the existing intercropping technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to definite method of the suitable time limit of a kind of orchard worker's intercropping, relate in particular to definite method of a kind of arid and semi-arid district's apple and the crop intercropping time limit.
Background technology
Agricultural are compound to claim farm forestry, agricultural forestry, self-employed tree cultivator's intercropping etc. again.Agricultural are compound to be that forestry and agricultural or animal husbandry or fishery etc. a kind of traditional soil that carries out compound operation that combines is utilized mode.Orchard worker's intercropping then is the modal a kind of agricultural composite modes in arid and semi-arid area such as loess plateau, in the suitable time limit, the compound availability that increases peasant's economic well-being of workers and staff and improve the soil of orchard worker, mainly comprise the intercropping of apple and other crops at the modal orchard worker's intercropping mode in loess plateau arid and semi-arid area, as apple and soybean, apple and mung bean, apple and peanut etc.
Orchard worker's intercropping mode can improve field microclimate, and the compound back of agricultural forms special ecologic niche, can obtain the results of the above product of 2-3 kind in the suitable time limit simultaneously, and this is all much superior than single cropping on quantity and kind.Kind grain or economic crops can make full use of soil and climatic resources during afforestation just, can obtain more economic benefit with the short length of supporting.Simultaneously, by the sylvan life crop is intertilled, management such as weeding, fertilising, also improved the growing environment of treelet, improved the storage rate of treelet, promoted the growth of treelet, comfort the cost of fostering that has reduced fruit tree to plough generation.
But, caused the competition of illumination, moisture and nutrient etc. between fruit tree and crop along with the prolongation of the time limit, the continuous growth of fruit tree, the continuous expansion of tree crown.When surpassing suitable intercropping year in limited time, continue the intercropping crops, can cause crop yield significantly to reduce and input capital goods in the agricultural sector are caused waste.And surpass suitable intercropping year in limited time, continue the intercropping crops, not only increase production cost, also can influence output of the fruit tree and then influence its economic benefit.
In existing orchard worker's interplanting technique, intercropping time limit dependence experience usually determines, or determines according to the minimizing degree of crop yield then.
At least there is following shortcoming in the above-mentioned prior art:
Randomness is stronger, is difficult to the suitable intercropping time limit of determining of science.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly can accurately determine the arid and semi-arid district apple of suitable orchard worker's intercropping time limit and definite method of the crop intercropping time limit.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Definite method of the arid and semi-arid of the present invention district's apple and the crop intercropping time limit comprises: according to the threshold value of the tree crown upright projection area that sets, and determine the intercropping time limits of apple and crops according to following formula:
S=-0.136N
2+ 3.219N-5.595, in the formula:
S is the tree crown projected area of apple tree, unit: m
2N is the age of tree of apple tree, unit: year;
When S got the threshold value of described tree crown upright projection area, the value of the N that draws was the intercropping time limit of described apple and crops.
The threshold value of described tree crown upright projection area is according to following policy setting:
Respectively as long axis of ellipse and minor axis, this oval area is the threshold value of described tree crown upright projection area with the spacing in the rows of apple cultivation and line-spacing.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, definite method of the arid and semi-arid of the present invention district's apple and the crop intercropping time limit because according to the threshold value of the tree crown upright projection area of setting, and according to formula S=-0.136N
2+ 3.219N-5.595 determines the intercropping time limit of apple and crops.Can accurately determine suitable orchard worker's intercropping time limit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a tree crown perspective view in the specific embodiments of the invention.
Embodiment
Definite method of the arid and semi-arid of the present invention district's apple and the crop intercropping time limit, its preferable embodiment is to comprise:
According to the threshold value of the tree crown upright projection area that sets, and determine the intercropping time limits of apple and crops according to following formula:
S=-0.136N
2+ 3.219N-5.595, in the formula:
S is the tree crown projected area of apple tree, unit: m
2N is the age of tree of apple tree, unit: year;
When S got the threshold value of described tree crown upright projection area, the value of the N that draws was the intercropping time limit of described apple and crops.
The threshold value of described tree crown upright projection area can be according to following policy setting:
Respectively as long axis of ellipse and minor axis, this oval area is the threshold value of described tree crown upright projection area with the spacing in the rows of apple cultivation and line-spacing.
Concrete typical seeding row spacing plantation, the threshold value of described tree crown upright projection area and the intercropping time limit of apple and crops can be determined according to following table:
| Different seeding row spacing: m | 3×4 | 3×4.5 | 3×5 | 3.5×4 | 3.5×4.5 |
| Tree crown upright projection area: m 2 | 9.424 | 10.603 | 11.781 | 10.996 | 12.370 |
| The intercropping time limit: year | 6 | 7 | 8 | 7 | 9 |
Above-mentioned arid and semi-arid district can comprise Loess Plateau, also can be other arid and semi-arid district.
Among the present invention,, obtain the quadratic function model of tree crown upright projection area with apple age of tree Changing Pattern with the tree crown upright projection area of the typical land occupation condition of on-site inspection, the existing apple tree of the different age of tree:
S＝-0.136N
2+3.219N-5.595。
The reasonable threshold value of the tree crown upright projection area that can be calculated according to loess plateau or other arid and semi-arid district type strain line-spacing, when the tree crown upright projection area of apple tree during greater than desired threshold value, growth to intercropping crops under its tree will produce considerable influence, can draw the suitable time limit of loess plateau arid and semi-arid district apple and crop intercropping in conjunction with above formula.
Below by specific embodiment the application is described in detail:
According to the quadratic function model of field survey data match tree crown upright projection area with apple age of tree Changing Pattern:
S=-0.136N
2+ 3.219N-5.595, in the formula:
S is the tree crown projected area of N age of tree apple tree, and unit is m
2
N is the apple tree age of tree, unit: year.
And the reasonable value that is calculated according to loess plateau arid and semi-arid district type strain line-spacing, when the tree crown upright projection area of apple tree during greater than institute's required value, growth to intercropping crops under its tree will produce considerable influence, and draw the suitable time limit of loess plateau arid and semi-arid district apple and crop intercropping in conjunction with above formula.
Tree crown upright projection area in the above-mentioned formula, the apple age of tree can obtain by data of the prior art, also can obtain by experience, also can obtain by on-site inspection, apparatus measures.
In above-mentioned, desired tree crown upright projection area is to calculate according to loess plateau arid and semi-arid district type strain line-spacing.The upright projection area of apple tree tree crown is oval, covers its intercropping crops down fully when the projected area of tree crown grows to, and crops can't obtain the needed illumination of normal growth, so that it can't normal growth.And according to the ellipse area computing formula: S=π ab, in the formula:
S is by being calculated ellipse area, and a is the ellipse short shaft radius, and b is the transverse radius, and π is a pi, value 3.1415926; Can draw the projected area that requires (threshold value) according to above formula calculating.
Specific embodiment:
At first, by on-site inspection, apparatus measures typical case land occupation condition, the existing apple tree of the different age of tree, obtain the rule model that tree crown upright projection area changes with the apple age of tree:
S=-0.136N
2+ 3.219N-5.595, in the formula:
S is the tree crown projected area of N age of tree apple tree, and unit is m
2
N is the apple tree age of tree, unit: year.
Then, above-mentioned model is tested, determination coefficient is 0.964, illustrates that fitting effect is fine, and then this model is verified its reasonability by check.
Grow to when covering seeding row spacing fully when apple tree crown vertical plane is long-pending, to its down the required illumination of crop growth of intercropping block fully, very big to its normal growth influence.
As shown in Figure 1, the seeding row spacing of this apple garden is 3 * 4m
2, according to the ellipse area formula, calculating tree crown upright projection area is 9.424m
2, according to formula S=-0.136N
2+ 3.219N-5.595 can get: 9.424=-0.136N
2+ 3.219N-5.595, N=6.3892 is so loess plateau arid and semi-arid district's apple and crop intercropping year are limited to 6 years.
The present invention is the apple tree of arid and semi-arid district such as loess plateau typical case land occupation condition, the different apple age of trees by inquiry, obtain the model of tree crown upright projection area with apple age of tree Changing Pattern, and according to desired tree crown upright projection area, draw the suitable time limit of arid and semi-arid district apples such as loess plateau and crop intercropping, as surpassing the time limit that to suit, crop growth is a greater impact, and does not advise continuing intercropping.
The present invention utilizes apple tree tree crown upright projection area to determine the arid and semi-arid district apple and the crop intercropping time limits such as loess plateau with the rule that the apple age of tree changes, and fundamentally solves randomness in the prior art, blindness and problem such as empirical.The present invention is applicable to the agricultural composite mode of loess plateau or other arid and semi-arid district apple and crop intercropping, and it is convenient and easy, the tree crown upright projection area of arid and semi-arid district typical case land occupation condition, different apple age of tree apple trees by inquiry, sum up the rule that tree crown upright projection area changes with the apple age of tree, and, determine the suitable time limit of apple and crop intercropping according to desired tree crown upright projection area.
The above; only for the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and anyly is familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. definite method of the arid and semi-arid district apple and the crop intercropping time limit is characterized in that, comprising: according to the threshold value of the tree crown upright projection area that sets, and determine the intercropping time limits of apple and crops according to following formula:
S=-0.136N
2+ 3.219N-5.595, in the formula:
S is the tree crown projected area of apple tree, unit: m
2N is the age of tree of apple tree, unit: year; When S got the threshold value of described tree crown upright projection area, the value of the N that draws was the intercropping time limit of described apple and crops; The threshold value of the described tree crown upright projection of intercropping time limit area is according to following policy setting:
Respectively as long axis of ellipse and minor axis, this oval area is the threshold value of described tree crown upright projection area with the spacing in the rows of apple cultivation and line-spacing.
2. definite method of the arid and semi-arid according to claim 1 district's apple and the crop intercropping time limit is characterized in that, the threshold value of described tree crown upright projection area and the intercropping time limit of apple and crops are determined according to following table:
3. definite method of the arid and semi-arid according to claim 1 and 2 district's apple and the crop intercropping time limit is characterized in that, described arid and semi-arid district comprises Loess Plateau.
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| CN2009102441402A CN101743832B (en) | 2009-12-29 | 2009-12-29 | Determination method of proper age limit for apple and crop intercropping in arid and semiarid regions |
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| CN2009102441402A CN101743832B (en) | 2009-12-29 | 2009-12-29 | Determination method of proper age limit for apple and crop intercropping in arid and semiarid regions |
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|---|---|
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| CN101743832B true CN101743832B (en) | 2011-05-25 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102948320A (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2013-03-06 | 北京林业大学 | Method for determining appropriate intercropping distance between crops and fruit trees of fruit tree and crop composite system |
Families Citing this family (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104705142A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-06-17 | 蒲绪萍 | Peony, pepper and apple tree intercropping method |
| CN104718933B (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2016-11-16 | 姜宇 | The Forecasting Methodology of the corn yield of a kind of anniversary continuous cropping width furrow and the evaluation methodology of quality of pouring water |
| CN105210779A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-01-06 | 秦兆华 | A kind of interplanting method of apple orchard |
| CN109997629B (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2021-04-27 | 河北宏龙环保科技有限公司 | Crop intercropping planting mode |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102948320A (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2013-03-06 | 北京林业大学 | Method for determining appropriate intercropping distance between crops and fruit trees of fruit tree and crop composite system |
| CN102948320B (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2014-05-07 | 北京林业大学 | Method for determining appropriate intercropping distance between crops and fruit trees of fruit tree and crop composite system |
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