CN1017403B - 针头及其保护罩的组合件 - Google Patents

针头及其保护罩的组合件

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CN1017403B
CN1017403B CN88101171A CN88101171A CN1017403B CN 1017403 B CN1017403 B CN 1017403B CN 88101171 A CN88101171 A CN 88101171A CN 88101171 A CN88101171 A CN 88101171A CN 1017403 B CN1017403 B CN 1017403B
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syringe needle
needle
pin cover
conduit
cover
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CN88101171A (zh
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罗纳德·B·路德
普拉迪普·V·楚斯基
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Johnson and Johnson Medical Ltd
Ethicon Endo Surgery Inc
Ethicon Inc
Smiths Medical ASD Inc
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Luther Medical Products Inc
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Priority claimed from US07/022,132 external-priority patent/US4762516A/en
Application filed by Luther Medical Products Inc filed Critical Luther Medical Products Inc
Publication of CN88101171A publication Critical patent/CN88101171A/zh
Publication of CN1017403B publication Critical patent/CN1017403B/zh
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178Syringes
    • A61M5/31Details
    • A61M5/32Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/06Body-piercing guide needles or the like
    • A61M25/0612Devices for protecting the needle; Devices to help insertion of the needle, e.g. wings or holders
    • A61M25/0631Devices for protecting the needle; Devices to help insertion of the needle, e.g. wings or holders having means for fully covering the needle after its withdrawal, e.g. needle being withdrawn inside the handle or a cover being advanced over the needle
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/06Body-piercing guide needles or the like
    • A61M25/0612Devices for protecting the needle; Devices to help insertion of the needle, e.g. wings or holders
    • A61M25/0618Devices for protecting the needle; Devices to help insertion of the needle, e.g. wings or holders having means for protecting only the distal tip of the needle, e.g. a needle guard
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/158Needles for infusions; Accessories therefor, e.g. for inserting infusion needles, or for holding them on the body
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/58Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision
    • A61M2205/581Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision by audible feedback
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178Syringes
    • A61M5/31Details
    • A61M5/32Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/3243Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178Syringes
    • A61M5/31Details
    • A61M5/32Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/3243Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel
    • A61M5/3273Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel freely sliding on needle shaft without connection to syringe or needle

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)

Abstract

本发明揭示一种保护针尖的针头及其保护罩的组合件。组合件中有一个安装针头的长形壳体。一个针罩在壳内作可滑动的安装,并可沿针头向前移动。使用后将针头和壳后退,针罩和壳永久锁定,将针头封闭或覆盖。

Description

本发明与一种新颖并改进的针头及其保护罩组合件有关。
注射器使用后通常将其击碎并抛弃。但总有一个较小的机会,使废弃的针头刺伤或刮伤医务人员。并且,按理想,注射器使用人或接触用过的注射器的人,最好在使用前后不与注射器接触。这在减少爱滋病病毒,肝炎,和其他传染病的意外传染的机会方面,是日益重要的。
现在市场上有一种ICU医药公司出售的器械,它可在使用针头后,几乎将其完全封闭。但是,这种器械没有为针头提供外壳或保护罩。因此,当然留下了医务工作者偶然被针刺伤或刮伤的机会。
在本发明中提出了一种针头及其保护罩组合件,针罩用于沿针头滑动,并在使用后将针头完全封闭。针罩设有柔性件,和注射器锁紧,防止针罩后退,暴露用过的针头。
图1为本发明组合件的外部斜视图,
图2为有局部剖面的外部斜视,显示组合件的滑动针罩部分;
图3为针头的上端剖视图,针罩处在后退位置;
图4为上端剖视图,显示针罩的伸出位置,覆盖针头,并与外壳锁定;
图5及6为另一实施方案的侧剖视图,显示有止动槽的针座和安装的针头,有皮下注射针管和止动槽嵌合,并有可前移的相关针罩;
图7及8为另一实施方案的侧剖视图,显示可后退的针座和安装的针头,针座有柄,上有止动槽供相关针罩上的止动件嵌入。
图1至4显示本发明的组合件10,有一个透明塑料的矩形长壳体 11,塑料为可注射成型的聚碳酸酯或聚苯乙烯。透明塑料使反冲的血液清晰可见。壳体提供限定内表面12A的围壁12,和一个放大部13,使血液反冲更易观察。
在封闭端上,壳体内有一个后安装件14和延伸部14A,用于安装针头并将其紧固。开敞端15以一个壳体定界,针罩沿这壳移动,而针从壳中穿出。在壳壁的外表上形成手指握棱16,这些指棱在某种程度增强壳体结构。止动翼17和止动槽18设在壳体的开敞端15,止动槽18用于卡住针罩。
有坡形尖22A的针头22固定在壳11中的延长部14A上,针头从壳的开敞端15中穿出。针罩23以可滑动的方式在壳11中安装,并设置一个前位的拉片24,和向外弯的锁耳25,25。当针罩23位于壳11中时,锁耳25,25因接触壳壁12的内表面12A而向里偏弯。这种偏弯由诸如在其薄壁形式时具有柔性的聚苯乙烯,聚碳酸酯之类的塑料结构而实现。针罩提供一个向前的带孔件26,针头从里面穿出。
如图3及4所示,由于后固定安装件14,延长部14A及前孔26的共同作用,可使针在推入病人身体时保持刚性和对直。由于延长部14A用塑料制造,那么远比用不透钢制造价廉。一个后孔27将壳11和皮下注射针管28连接。
有一个路厄氏型锁紧衬套30(luer    lock)和导管31安装在带孔件26上,导管覆盖针头,仅将针尖22A暴露。通常用带翼33的罩32,将锁紧衬套,导管及针头罩住,减少消毒的破坏,并防使用人被针刺伤。罩32用一个和壳11的翼17锁紧的轻型互锁件,在针头上固定。
使用针头时,取去罩32,如图2所示,将针头22及导管31插入患者身体。导管留在患者体上时,顶住前拉片24,同时将壳11带附着的针头22后退,便可将针头拨出。然后针罩23不动,而锁耳25,25沿壳壁12的内表面12a滑动。锁耳便跳到其通常的向外的状态(随有咔嗒声),在壳 11的止动槽18中锁定。这操作如图4所示。
当然针罩的尺寸需有能在针罩的围壁和前带孔件26中容纳针头的适当长度,如图4所示,或在针罩的围壁内容纳针头。由于针罩和壳体永久连接,可将注射器处置,但不致随后变为医务人员的受伤害或感染的根源。
还可理解到在将针从患者体上取下时,针头从导管中通过,直接进入针罩内,不向人员暴露,这便是另一安全上的优点。
图5及6显示本发明的另一实施方案,止动槽位于针座本身上,而不在针头的壳体上,针罩设置止动件,和止动槽嵌接,将针罩锁定。针座34设一柄件35,上面有指棱36,和一个用于嵌接针罩的圆形内槽37。针座34前端,有一个处于中心的针头座38,在其上装有带针尖39a的针头39。
止动槽43,44在针头座38的前端形成,有一个中间孔45,通过一个后衬套46,和针39接通,因而和安装的针管47的液体相通。针头39的针罩50可通过其中心孔51沿针头座38滑动,并设有一个后圆形部52,其止动件53,54有结构将止动件向里偏弯,在针头座的止动槽43,44中锁定。
针罩的前端有一个衬套55,针头从里面穿过,衬套设一个密闭的插孔56,用针时保持针的刚性。针罩50的外部上形成若干指棱57。带导管59的导管衬套58,安装在衬套55上,针尖39a从导管中穿出。
在图5中的后退位置上时,针罩50的后圆形部52,插入在柄件35和针头座38之间的内槽37中,当将针头和导管插入人体时,后圆形部52保持静止。如图6所示,在确定血管位置后将注射器从患者身上取下时,将针罩50向前移,从而止动件53,54向里偏弯,锁在止动槽43,44中。针头39完全退入针罩50内,因而在使用后,不会有意外的针头穿刺;用过的针头便可安全废弃。并且,针头极难重新使用,这便在很大程序上 减小传染的可能性。
图7及8显示本发明的另一实施方案,显示针罩60设有向外偏弯的后锁紧件61,62,及一个可和针头连通液体的孔63。有一个疏水塞64防止血液流过孔63。针罩60的外部形成一个纵向侧壁65,终点为有孔71的导管安装件66;在上有一个导管衬套74和一个附上的导管75。
外表面上有指棱68形成的柄67,安装在侧壁65上运动。针柄上形成槽69,70,用于将针罩60后部上的锁件61,62卡住。针柄67在中心上设有一个中空的针座72,针座72上面安装针头73。
如图7所示,当针柄在前置位置上时,针头73从衬套66的孔71中穿出,在里面紧密配合;这便形成一个良好的针头支撑。注射后将针头从患者身上取下,针柄67和上面的针头73沿针罩后退,直到针罩的向外偏弯的后锁定件61,62嵌入槽69,70中,从而锁紧,并将针头妥当藏入针罩内。导管衬套74及导管75留在患者体上,保持和静脉注射器(I.V.unit)连接。
组合件可有利使用尺寸范围宽广的针头,约从12号至16号。从材料方面考虑许多类型的导管可以使用,例如可膨胀疏水性聚合物,特氟隆聚氯乙烯,尼龙,聚氨酯类等等可买到的材料。

Claims (13)

1、一种针头及其保护罩的组合件,其特征在于包括有:
a)一个形成侧壁和止动件的长形壳体;
b)一个安装在壳体内并从壳中伸出的针头;
c)一个可沿壳体滑动的针罩,针罩前端设有夹紧装置,后端设有偏弯锁紧装置,针罩前端设一有孔件;
d)一个安装在有孔件上的衬套和导管,针头和有孔件和导管对直,通过导管伸出,暴露针尖;
e)因此,在将针头和导管插入静脉后,针头可退入针罩,从而使针罩的偏弯锁紧装置,和壳体的止动件嵌接,与之永久锁紧,锁紧后,针罩可包围针头,而导管可留存在静脉内。
2、如权利要求1所述的针头及其保护罩的组合件,其特征在于,进一步包括:
a)一个形成侧壁,上面形成止动件的长形壳体,壳体上形成一个后封闭端和一个开敞端;
b)一个安装在壳内,一端在壳体封闭端上固定并从壳体的开敞端穿出的针头;
c)一个安装在壳内滑动的针罩,针罩前端有一个拉片,并有和壳体侧壁接触的向外偏弯的耳部,针罩前端设有衬套座,其中形成一孔;
d)一个路厄氏型锁紧衬套和一个安装在衬套座上的导管,针头在衬套座、衬套和导管中对直,从导管中穿出,暴露针尖;
e)因此,
ⅰ)在将针头和导管插入患者身上后,壳体和上附的针头可从病人身体上退出,进入针罩内,从而使壳壁可沿针罩的偏弯耳滑动,耳件向外压,嵌入壳体的止动件,与之永久锁定,并且此时针罩完全封闭针头;
ⅱ)衬套和导管仍留在人体上;
ⅲ)壳体及包围的针头和衬套,导管及人体分离。
3、一种针头及其保护罩的组合件,其特征在于:有止动件的组合件中有下列各项:
a)一个长形座;
b)一个安装在座上的并从座中伸出的针头;
c)一个可沿长形座滑动的针罩,针罩在前端设有夹紧装置,在针罩后部有向外偏弯的耳部,针罩前端设有孔件;
d)一个安装在有孔件上的衬套和导管,针头和有孔件和导管对直,并穿出导管暴露针尖;
e)因此,在将针头和导管插入静脉后,针头可以退入针罩内,从而可使针罩的偏弯耳嵌入止动件内,在里面永久锁定,锁定后针罩的尺寸可以将针包围,导管可留在静脉中。
4、如权利要求3所述的组合件,其特征为针头和针头装置连接后,可退入针罩内。
5、如权利要求3所述的组合件,其特征在于:进一步包括:
a)一个中空的长形针座,和针座上的锁紧装置;
b)一个安装在针座前部的针头;
c)一个安装在针座的后部的中空柄部,一个槽在柄和针座之间形成;
d)一个沿针座可滑动的针罩,在针罩后部设置锁紧件,一个衬套安装在针罩的前部,针头从其中空出;
e)在针座后部形成衬套装置,用以安装医疗器械,与针座及针头液体流通;
因此:
ⅰ)在后退位置上时,针罩通过锁紧件嵌入该槽而定位;
ⅱ)在前进位置上时,针罩可沿针座向前滑动;
ⅲ)锁紧件可嵌入锁紧装置与之锁定,针头永久地退入针罩内。
6、如权利要求5所述的组合件,其特征为所述的医疗器械为一个皮下注射针管。
7、如权利要求6所述的组合件,其特征为将衬套及导管套在针罩前部的衬套上。
8、如权利要求7所述的组合件,其特征为将导管套在针头上。
9、如权利要求8所述的组合件,其特征为在针座上形成止动装置,锁紧装置向内偏弯,和止动装置嵌接。
10、一种针头及其保护罩组合件中有下列各项:
a)一个长形针罩壳体形成一个外表面,一个中心孔,前端上的衬套,和后端上的锁紧件;
b)一个沿壳体外表面滑动安装的柄,柄上设锁紧装置,针座,和安装在针座上的针头,柄和针座设中心孔,和针壳的中心孔液体流通,当柄沿壳体移动时,针座及针头沿中心孔滑动;
因此:
ⅰ)当将柄位于针头保护罩的前部上时,针头从衬套中穿出;
ⅱ)当将柄沿针头保护罩后退时,针头退入保护罩内,从而防止针头穿刺,针柄的锁紧装置和针头保护罩的锁紧件永久嵌接。
11、如权利要求10所述的组合件,其特征为将衬套和导管套在针罩前部的衬套上。
12、如权利要求11所述的组合件,其特征为将导管套在针头上。
13、如权利要求12所述的组合件,其特征为在柄上形成止动装置,针头保护罩壳体的锁紧件向外偏弯,和止动装置永久嵌接。
CN88101171A 1987-03-05 1988-03-03 针头及其保护罩的组合件 Expired CN1017403B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US022,132 1987-03-05
US07/022,132 US4762516A (en) 1987-03-05 1987-03-05 Assembly of needle catheter protector
US07/115,407 US4832696A (en) 1987-03-05 1987-11-02 Assembly of needle and protector
US115,407 1987-11-02

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CN88101171A CN88101171A (zh) 1988-09-14
CN1017403B true CN1017403B (zh) 1992-07-15

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EP0281421A2 (en) 1988-09-07
US4832696A (en) 1989-05-23
BR8800968A (pt) 1988-10-11
KR940011285B1 (ko) 1994-12-05
EP0281421B1 (en) 1992-05-20
PT86876B (pt) 1995-03-31
EP0281421A3 (en) 1988-12-21
KR880010786A (ko) 1988-10-24
DE3871185D1 (de) 1992-06-25
JPS63229062A (ja) 1988-09-22
CN88101171A (zh) 1988-09-14
ES2032549T3 (es) 1993-02-16
AU617662B2 (en) 1991-12-05
GR3005441T3 (zh) 1993-05-24
PT86876A (pt) 1989-03-30
CA1297366C (en) 1992-03-17
JPH0588627B2 (zh) 1993-12-22
PH24619A (en) 1990-08-17
AU1259388A (en) 1988-09-08
MX171801B (es) 1993-11-16
NZ223656A (en) 1991-04-26

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