CN101738146B - Gunpowder ignition temperature measuring device - Google Patents
Gunpowder ignition temperature measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101738146B CN101738146B CN 201010013652 CN201010013652A CN101738146B CN 101738146 B CN101738146 B CN 101738146B CN 201010013652 CN201010013652 CN 201010013652 CN 201010013652 A CN201010013652 A CN 201010013652A CN 101738146 B CN101738146 B CN 101738146B
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- 239000003721 gunpowder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000634 wood's metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims 3
- OGSYQYXYGXIQFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium molybdenum nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni].[Mo] OGSYQYXYGXIQFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000623 nickel–chromium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000743 fusible alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001051 Magnalium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000973497 Siphonognathus argyrophanes Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种火药点火温度测量装置，包括燃烧器、自动控温加热装置、测温单元、测压单元、搅拌装置以及电脑，燃烧器由燃烧器本体和燃烧器顶盖构成；其上开有测压孔，测压单元通过测压孔探入燃烧器本体内部；自控控温加热装置内装有加热介质；燃烧器本体浸在加热介质中；加热介质的温度由自动控温加热装置控制；测温单元探入加热浴的加热介质中测温；测压单元测得的压强信号与测温单元测试的温度信号传递给电脑；搅拌装置探入加热介质中。本发明能够安全准确的测定推进剂发火温度，结构简单，性能稳定可靠，在实际应用中具有广泛的前景。
The invention discloses a gunpowder ignition temperature measuring device, which comprises a burner, an automatic temperature control heating device, a temperature measuring unit, a pressure measuring unit, a stirring device and a computer. The burner is composed of a burner body and a burner top cover; There is a pressure measuring hole, and the pressure measuring unit penetrates into the burner body through the pressure measuring hole; the heating medium is installed in the automatic temperature control heating device; the burner body is immersed in the heating medium; the temperature of the heating medium is controlled by the automatic temperature control heating device The temperature measuring unit probes into the heating medium of the heating bath to measure the temperature; the pressure signal measured by the pressure measuring unit and the temperature signal tested by the temperature measuring unit are transmitted to the computer; the stirring device probes into the heating medium. The invention can safely and accurately measure the ignition temperature of the propellant, has simple structure, stable and reliable performance, and has broad prospects in practical applications.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of temperature measuring apparatus, be mainly used in the mensuration of the firing temperature of propellant, fiery explosive, Loading Materials for Initiating Explosive Devices and correlated product.
Background technology
Heating rate methods such as " " ignition points that prior art adopts is the stability assay method of a kind of gunpowder, explosive, Loading Materials for Initiating Explosive Devices and nitrocotton and goods thereof, the explosion temperature measurement mechanism that the method adopts mainly is comprised of following part: heating bath 1, test tube 2, plug 3, auxiliary thermometer 4, main temperature meter 5, heater 6, heat medium 7, magnetic stirrer 8 and heater 9.When utilizing said apparatus to test, pulverize sample to the size of regulation, take by weighing quantitative sample (character per sample is 0.1g～0.3g) place in the Special test tube (heat-resistant hard glass test tube), with rubber plug cover on the test tube mouth; Test tube is put into heat medium, and heater heats to heat medium with the heating rate of regulation, adopts main temperature meter and auxiliary thermometer test heat medium temperature; When in the test tube during sample detonation, read immediately the temperature value of main temperature meter, be accurate to 0.5 ℃; Read rapidly simultaneously the temperature value of first and second auxiliary thermometer, be accurate to 1 ℃; Calculate the flashing temperature of this sample by formula.
But still there are some problems in prior art: the heat-resistant hard glass test tube is adopted in experiment because sample all belongs to priming system, the time have test tube to be exploded phenomenon.In the prior art, the criterion of getting angry is the sample detonation, and this criterion needs the experimenter to pass through to observe acquisition, and then read that a thermometer indicates temperature, but some sample is in heating process, from being fuming to a process that has of flame, cause the time of occurrence of criterion clear and definite not, introduce easily subjective error.The temperature of ignition point is generally more than 200 ℃, operator and the warm source close contact more than 200 ℃, the dangerous health that also is unfavorable for the operator.Along with the popularization and application of computer acquisition storage, prior art is also mainly by manual record, in case experimental result is had doubt, the verification of having no way of.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the error of gunpowder ignition point test judgement in the prior art, improve experimenter's working environment, evade the potential safety hazard that may exist in the experiment, make experimental result also have verification after experiment, the present invention adopts a kind of flashing temperature measurement mechanism to realize the safe and reliable test of gunpowder flashing temperature.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: comprise burner, automatic temperature control heating device, temperature measuring unit, pressure measuring unit, agitating device and computer.Burner is made of burner body 11 and burner top cover 12, and burner body 11 is the hollow thick cyclinder, lower end closed, and upper end open, opening one end and burner top cover 12 are tightly connected.Burner body and burner top cover are made by nickel-chrome alloy steel or NI-CR-MO alloys steel, and wall thickness is 2～8mm.Have pressure tap on burner body or the top cover, pressure measuring unit 14 probes into burner body inside by pressure tap, and the burner internal pressure is carried out Real-Time Monitoring.The hollow cylinder that is shaped as lower end closed, upper end open of automatic control temperature control heating device, heat medium is equipped with in inside.Burner body 11 should have 1/3～3/4 height to be immersed in the heat medium 19.The temperature of heat medium is by automatic temperature control heating device 16 controls, and the heated perimeter of automatic temperature control heating device is 50 ℃～400 ℃, and 0 ℃/min of heating rate～10 ℃/min is adjustable continuously.Temperature measuring unit 15 probes into thermometric in the heat medium 19 of heating bath; The temperature signal of the pressure signal that pressure measuring unit 14 records and temperature measuring unit 15 tests passes to computer 20.Agitating device 17 probes in the heat medium, by stirring so that heat medium 19 internal temperatures are even.
The burner top cover can be airtight, also can perforate on top cover 12, air-intaking exhaust valve 13 is installed, and can realize the burner inflation/deflation or vacuumize by air-intaking exhaust valve 13.
Pedestal for placed 10 between burner bottom and the automatic temperature control heating device, base is a hollow stent, by base burner bottom heat medium abundant and in the automatic temperature control heating device is contacted.
The outer vacuum interlayer that can be enclosed with heat insulating function of automatic temperature control heating device, heat scatters and disappears to automatic temperature control heating device is outside when reducing heating.
When the present invention works, a certain amount of sample is positioned in the body of burner, is connected with top seal.Then burner is put in the heat medium, in the heating rate of setting and temperature range, give heat medium 19 heating by automatic temperature control heating device 16, pressure in the pressure measuring unit 14 test burners, temperature measuring unit 15 probe temperatures, and pass to computer 20 and record and simultaneous display; Place the sample of burner body 11 bottoms to raise along with the rising of heat medium 19 temperature, reach sample ignition after the firing temperature, produce gas, pressure raises suddenly in the closed burner, and the temperature of the temperature curve that the corresponding temperature measuring unit 15 of pressure flex point records in the empirical curve that pressure measuring unit 14 records is the firing temperature of specimen.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention heats propellant by heat medium under the constant volume condition until light a fire, and experiment can isolated operation, utilizes the mensuration propellant ignition temperature of pressure measurement and thermometric synchronism detection means safety and precise; The record of whole experimental data and gather intelligent, and can reproduction; In the Preparatory work of experiment process, the specimen configuration size is not required simultaneously, the consumption of sample can be estimated according to existing powder burning gas phase growing amount data simultaneously, saved existing method to the harsh requirement of propellant sample apparent size and consumption, experimental implementation hommization.The present invention is simple in structure, and handling safety is stable and reliable for performance, has in actual applications widely prospect.
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the propellant ignition point determination experiment device schematic diagram of prior art;
Among the figure, the 1--heating bath; The 2--test tube; The 3--plug; The 4--auxiliary thermometer; 5--main temperature meter; The 6--heater; The 7--heat medium; The 8--agitator; The 9--heater.
Fig. 2 is propellant ignition temperature point determination experiment device schematic diagram of the present invention;
Among the figure, the 10--base; The 11--burner body; 12--burner top cover; 13--air-intaking exhaust valve 13; The 14--pressure measuring unit; The 15--temperature measuring unit; The 16--automatic temperature control heating device; The 17--agitating device; The 18-collet; The 19--heat medium; The 20-computer.
Fig. 3 is the experimental data figure that embodiment 1 adopts the present invention's record; Among the figure curve 1 be in the heat medium 19 temperature over time, from 26 ℃ of basic constant heatingrates' to 230 of room temperature ℃ process; Curve 2 be in the burner 11 pressure over time, A (3551.308s on the curve 2,0.18MPa) point, B (3551.653s, 5.457MPa) point and C (3630.405s, 1.305MPa) point be respectively sample prefiring pressure, pressure and sample after lighting in burner and burn down afterwards pressure.The A point is that obvious pressure jumps to the B point, jumps at the pressure less than the 1s time, and temperature is substantially constant on the curve 1, is 210 ℃, thinks that namely this temperature is the hot spontaneous ignition temperature of sample.
Fig. 4 is the enlarged drawing at sudden change of pressure surface place among Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the device schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention 2.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 2, the present invention has adopted a kind of new thermal value measurement device, comprises base 10, burner body 11, burner top cover 12, air-intaking exhaust valve 13, pressure measuring unit 14, temperature measuring unit 15, automatic temperature control heating device 16, agitating device 17, collet 18, heat medium 19 and computer 20.Burner body is that volume is 300 milliliters thick cyclinder, lower end closed, upper end open, opening one end is connected with top cover 12, the burner body upper end is tightly connected with top cover 12, burner bottom pedestal for placed 10, base 10 is the sheet metal ring of 1mm for thickness, internal diameter and the burner body matched in clearance of ring highly are 30mm, and ring is by 6 equal portions, cutting 15mm height is divided along 6 grades in the bottom, wherein 3 parts meet at right angles to the ring infolding, hold the burner that places in the ring, and base contacts with the bottom of heater by remaining 3 angles.Air-intaking exhaust valve 13 is installed on the burner top cover; Burner body 11 has 1/2 height to be immersed in the heat medium 19.Have pressure tap on the sidewall of burner body, it is inner that pressure measuring unit 14 connects burner body by pressure tap, and the burner internal pressure is carried out Real-Time Monitoring; Temperature measuring unit 15 probes into thermometric in the heat medium 19 of heating bath; The temperature signal of the pressure signal that pressure measuring unit 14 records and temperature measuring unit 15 tests passes to computer 20.Heat medium is pumping fluid, and its temperature is by automatic temperature control heating device 16 controls, 5 ℃/min of heating rate; Agitating device 17 probes in the heat medium, by stirring so that heat medium 19 internal temperatures are even; Whole heating experimental device shell is vacuum interlayer, plays heat insulating function, reduces heating bath temperature scattering and disappearing to the outside.When the present invention works, a certain amount of sample is positioned in the body of burner, is connected with top seal.Vacuumize by air-intaking exhaust valve, valve body keeps the vacuum in the burner.Then burner is put in the heat medium, in the heating rate of setting and temperature range, give heat medium 19 heating by automatic temperature control heating device 16, pressure in the pressure measuring unit 14 test burners, temperature measuring unit 15 probe temperatures pass to computer 20 by the collection of data integrated circuit board and record also simultaneous display; Place the sample of burner body 11 bottoms to raise along with the rising of heat medium 19 temperature, reach ignition after the firing temperature, produce gas, pressure raises suddenly in the closed burner, and the temperature of the temperature curve that the corresponding temperature measuring unit 15 of pressure flex point records in the empirical curve that pressure measuring unit 14 records is the firing temperature of specimen (concrete experimental procedure sees below).The flashing temperature that records under certain magnalium fuel-rich propellant vacuum is 210 ℃.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 5, the present invention has adopted a kind of new thermal value measurement device, comprises base 10, burner body 11, burner top cover 12, air-intaking exhaust valve 13, pressure measuring unit 14, temperature measuring unit 15, automatic temperature control heating device 16, agitating device 17, collet 18, heat medium 19 and computer 20.Burner body is that volume is 300 milliliters thick cyclinder, lower end closed, upper end open, opening one end is connected with top cover 12, the burner body upper end is tightly connected with top cover 12, burner bottom pedestal for placed 10, base 10 is the sheet metal ring of 1mm for thickness, internal diameter and the burner body matched in clearance of ring highly are 30mm, and ring is by 6 equal portions, cutting 15mm height is divided along 6 grades in the bottom, wherein 3 parts meet at right angles to the ring infolding, hold the burner that places in the ring, and base contacts with the bottom of heater by remaining 3 angles.Burner body 11 has 1/2 height to be immersed in the heat medium 19.Have pressure tap on the burner top cover, it is inner that pressure measuring unit 14 connects burner body by pressure tap, and the burner internal pressure is carried out Real-Time Monitoring; Temperature measuring unit 15 probes into thermometric in the heat medium 19 of heating bath; The temperature signal of the pressure signal that pressure measuring unit 14 records and temperature measuring unit 15 tests passes to computer 20.Heat medium is pumping fluid, and its temperature is by automatic temperature control heating device 16 controls, 5 ℃/min of heating rate; Agitating device 17 probes in the heat medium, by stirring so that heat medium 19 internal temperatures are even; Whole heating experimental device shell is vacuum interlayer, plays heat insulating function, reduces heating bath temperature scattering and disappearing to the outside.When the present invention works, a certain amount of sample is positioned in the body of burner, is connected with top seal.Then burner is put in the heat medium, in the heating rate of setting and temperature range, give heat medium 19 heating by automatic temperature control heating device 16, pressure in the pressure measuring unit 14 test burners, temperature measuring unit 15 probe temperatures pass to computer 20 by the collection of data integrated circuit board and record also simultaneous display; Place the sample of burner body 11 bottoms to raise along with the rising of heat medium 19 temperature, reach ignition after the firing temperature, produce gas, pressure raises suddenly in the closed burner, and the temperature of the temperature curve that the corresponding temperature measuring unit 15 of pressure flex point records in the empirical curve that pressure measuring unit 14 records is the firing temperature of specimen.The flashing temperature that records under certain magnalium fuel-rich propellant vacuum is 208 ℃
Implementation step of the present invention:
1) determining of sample quality at first is characteristic per sample, considers amount of samples from the angle of safety, and amount of samples is 3～5g under the atmospheric air usually;
2) load weighted sample is placed on burner body 11 bottoms, tightens burner top cover 12;
3) assembling pressure measuring unit 14;
4) utilize suds testing fixture air-tightness;
The burner that 5) pressure measuring unit will be installed is placed on the burner base 10;
6) automatic temperature control heating device is put into thermal insulation protection cover 18;
7) at automatic temp controller 16 interior installation agitating devices 17, put into temperature measuring unit 15, will be equipped with pressure measuring unit 14 burners and put into automatic temp controller 16, add heat medium 10 until the submerged burner top cover, open automatic temperature control heating device 16, design temperature scope and heating rate;
8) computer recording monitoring combustion chamber pressure and heating bath temperature curve over time;
9) observe the computer recording pressure curve, when flex point appearred in the pressure curve sudden change, the temperature of the corresponding heating bath of this pressure flex point was the firing temperature of propellant, save data subsequent treatment.
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010013652 CN101738146B (en) | 2010-01-21 | 2010-01-21 | Gunpowder ignition temperature measuring device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010013652 CN101738146B (en) | 2010-01-21 | 2010-01-21 | Gunpowder ignition temperature measuring device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101738146A CN101738146A (en) | 2010-06-16 |
| CN101738146B true CN101738146B (en) | 2013-04-17 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010013652 Expired - Fee Related CN101738146B (en) | 2010-01-21 | 2010-01-21 | Gunpowder ignition temperature measuring device |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102042994A (en) * | 2010-10-28 | 2011-05-04 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Temperature test device for ignition point of explosive |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1295050A (en) * | 1969-01-07 | 1972-11-01 | ||
| US5182940A (en) * | 1991-10-17 | 1993-02-02 | Automated Pipeline Instruments Incorporated | Flash point testing apparatus and method |
| CN1221786C (en) * | 2002-12-03 | 2005-10-05 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Method for testing temperature of explosive ignition point |
| CN201607417U (en) * | 2010-01-21 | 2010-10-13 | 西北工业大学 | A device for measuring the ignition temperature of gunpowder |
-
2010
- 2010-01-21 CN CN 201010013652 patent/CN101738146B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1295050A (en) * | 1969-01-07 | 1972-11-01 | ||
| US5182940A (en) * | 1991-10-17 | 1993-02-02 | Automated Pipeline Instruments Incorporated | Flash point testing apparatus and method |
| CN1221786C (en) * | 2002-12-03 | 2005-10-05 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Method for testing temperature of explosive ignition point |
| CN201607417U (en) * | 2010-01-21 | 2010-10-13 | 西北工业大学 | A device for measuring the ignition temperature of gunpowder |
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| CN101738146A (en) | 2010-06-16 |
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Inventor after: Wang Yinghong Inventor after: Zhang Xiaohong Inventor after: Zhao Hongli Inventor after: Sun Zhihua Inventor after: Bao Futing Inventor after: Chen Chao Inventor after: Sun Mei Inventor after: Wang Hong Inventor before: Wang Yinghong Inventor before: Zhang Xiaohong Inventor before: Zhao Hongli Inventor before: Sun Zhihua Inventor before: Bao Futing Inventor before: Chen Chao Inventor before: Sun Mei Inventor before: Wang Hong |
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