CN101736407A - Banana bast fiber and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Banana bast fiber and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101736407A CN101736407A CN201010022015A CN201010022015A CN101736407A CN 101736407 A CN101736407 A CN 101736407A CN 201010022015 A CN201010022015 A CN 201010022015A CN 201010022015 A CN201010022015 A CN 201010022015A CN 101736407 A CN101736407 A CN 101736407A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a banana bast fiber by adopting biological degumming, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: preprocessing, inoculating, fermenting, inactivating, stamping and postprocessing. The prepared banana bast fiber has soft and loose appearance and uniform color and has no taste or obvious flaws; the fiber length is 80mm-200mm, the fiber count is 300Nm-500Nm, the breaking strength of fiber bundles is 3.5g/D-5.0g/D, and the residual gum content is 1.5 percent-3.2 percent. The biologically degummed banana bast fiber effectively removes the non-spinnable components of colloid, lignin, hemicellulose and the like and keeps the bacteria proofing, rapid moisture absorption and release of the self characteristics of the fiber, thereby ensuring the strength of the fiber; meanwhile, the banana fiber is kneaded and rolled by sterilization and machines before degumming, thereby ensuring the degumming effect and the smooth going of degumming and enabling the degummed fiber to be beneficial to the production and production development of the next working procedure.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacture method of bast fiber, the biological degumming method of specifically a kind of banana bast fiber and manufacture method, particularly a kind of banana bast fiber.
Background technology:
Banana is thought materials such as containing amounts of protein, fat, pectin, serotonin, norepinephrine, dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid and multiple enzyme in medical circle.Also contain abundant potassium simultaneously, detect in per 100 gram banana pulps according to scientist, potassium content is the hat of fruit up to 472 milligrams.Often edible banana can be got and press down cancer, protective effect on cancer risk.So banana has the title of " happy fruit ", " wisdom is fruit ".Because banana possesses graceful function like this, so be loved by the people.In areas such as Guangdong, China south, Guangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Yunnan, Hainan, Chaozhou, planted a large amount of bananas.In which zone, no matter go to everywhere and can see, all over the mountains and plains, be the banana arboretum that greenery are luxuriant and well-spaced, fruit growing in close clusters everywhere.The banana tree is huge herbaceous plant, its stem is soft, constitute by rolled-up petiole, belong to the annual growth herbaceous plant, the banana stem is not perishable, so high sturdy banana stem more than three meters must be cut down after having adopted banana every year, dry back concentrated combustion, several Nian Houhui form soil compaction in the soil if stay, the waste soil that takes, and so operation sequence is not only taken a lot of work but also waste resource.At present the whole world has 129 country's plantation bananas approximately, and the annual discarded amount of banana stem skin is huge, and only the banana stalk that is dropped every year of China just surpasses 2,000,000 tons, has caused the significant wastage of resource.Banana fiber is contained the tough intracutaneous in the banana petiole, belongs to bast fiber, the chemical composition of banana fiber: mainly be by cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, pectin, the hydrotrope, adipocere matter, ash composition.It has the general characteristic of ramie, extend little, moisture regain is big, humidity absorption and release is fast, fiber is thick and stiff, etc. characteristics.But relative flax of its content of cellulose and jute are lower, and hemicellulose and content of lignin are higher, so the gloss of fiber, flexibility, elasticity and spinning property all are inferior to flax and jute.Banana filament length and jute are close, thus can not direct spinning, must extract cellulose by after the PROCESS FOR TREATMENT, reduce hemicellulose, lignin etc., improve the fineness of fiber by the length that reduces fiber, be processed into fiber-spinnable.
Banana fiber is is in the world large-scale developed and utilized as yet.At present, mainly utilize in the banana petiole core and to extract soft fiber endothelium, through super-dry, manual concise, separate fibre and make banana fiber.A large amount of thick and stiff untapped substantially utilizations of banana petiole bast fiber.The patent No. is 200310109552.8, the applying date is on December 19th, 2003, denomination of invention be banana bast fiber and manufacture method and purposes patent disclosure adopt traditional chemical degumming technique, handle the back through high temperature, high pressure, strong acid, highly basic and prepare banana bast fiber.And adopt traditional chemical degumming technique, and the most fiber of banana is dissolved, and the fiber strength reduction, and subsequent handling can't be produced, and brings environmental pollution.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of employing biological degumming method and prepare banana bast fiber and method thereof.
The present invention is the purpose that the following technical scheme of employing realizes its invention, a kind of banana bast fiber manufacture method, and it comprises the following steps:
(1) preliminary treatment: to the sterilization of banana petiole bast fiber, removal of impurities;
(2) inoculation, fermentation: pretreated banana bast fiber dress cage, put into the bacteria vat inoculation, the fermentation that have prepared bacterium liquid then;
(3) deactivation: the banana bast fiber washing back deactivation boiling-off to after inoculation, the fermentation at first adds caustic soda, boiling-off 20 minutes-30 minutes; After washing, add hydrogen peroxide, boiling-off 20 minutes-30 minutes again;
(4) beat fine: beat fibre with beating the banana bast fiber of fine machine after to deactivation, i.e. the beating on one side of water flushing on one side takes one to enclose a beating technology of turning over;
(5) post processing.
Oil-de-oiling-tremble fibre-oven dry is washed-steeped to post processing of the present invention fine afterwards to banana bast fiber for beating.
The present invention is in step (1), and heating, drying, disinfection are adopted in sterilization, and temperature is controlled at 90 ℃-100 ℃, and moisture content is controlled at 4%-5%; Removal of impurities adopts the fiber kneader that banana bast fiber is crumpled impurity elimination.
The present invention is in step (2), and described bacterial classification is by the carrot soft rot Erwinia of China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center preservation (Erwiniacarotovora, numbering: CGMCC0245); The density of bacterium liquid bacterium is controlled at 10 in the bacteria vat
8Cfu/ml-10
9Cfu/ml, fermentation temperature are controlled at 30 ℃-37 ℃, fermentation time 8 hours-12 hours, the bath raio of banana bast fiber and zymotic fluid 1: 10.
The present invention is in step (3), and the banana bast fiber after inoculation, the fermentation is with 80 ℃ of-90 ℃ of hot washes, and during the boiling-off of adding caustic soda, the concentration of caustic soda is controlled at 3 grams per liters-4 grams per liter, and temperature is controlled at 90 ℃-95 ℃; After 80 ℃ of-90 ℃ of hot washes, add the hydrogen peroxide boiling-off again, hydrogen peroxide concentration is controlled at 1.0 grams per liters-1.2 grams per liter, stabilizing agent 0.5 grams per liter-0.6 grams per liter, and caustic soda 1 grams per liter-2 grams per liter, temperature is controlled at 90 ℃-95 ℃.
A kind of banana bast fiber that adopts said method to produce, its outward appearance softness, loose, the color and luster unanimity, tasteless, there is not obvious fault; Fibre length 80mm-200mm, fibre count 300N
m-500N
m, bundle fiber fracture strength 3.5g/D-5.0g/D, residual gum content 1.5%-3.2%.
Owing to adopt technique scheme, the present invention has realized goal of the invention preferably, banana fiber behind the biological degumming has effectively been removed the composition that colloid, lignin, hemicellulose etc. can not spin, what kept fiber originally has characteristic fungi-proofing, characteristics such as humidity absorption and release is fast, and, owing to do not pass through the processing of strong acid and strong base, fiber is not damaged, guaranteed the brute force of fiber; By sterilizing and machinery the rubbing of banana fiber is rolled before coming unstuck simultaneously, guaranteed the effect of coming unstuck and carry out smoothly, make fiber after coming unstuck help the production and the product development of later process.
The specific embodiment:
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
Owing to have various assorted bacterium in the raw material, the fermentation of the bacterium that in seeded process, suppressed to come unstuck, colloid can't be removed fully, therefore, be the effect that guarantees to come unstuck, the present invention carries out preliminary treatment to raw material in step (1), promptly to the sterilization of banana petiole bast fiber, removal of impurities.Heating, drying, disinfection are adopted in sterilization.It is 200720306083.2 that present embodiment adopts the patent No., and the applying date is on November 27th, 2007, and denomination of invention is the patented technology of preliminary treatment sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus before coming unstuck.Utilize steam to the indirect heated baking of raw material, homogeneous heating, bactericidal effect is good, and temperature is controlled at 90 ℃-100 ℃, and moisture content is controlled at 4%-5% (present embodiment is 5%).
Because heating, drying, disinfection are adopted in sterilization, the regain of raw material reduces, and banana bast fiber is more thick and stiff, under go on foot removal of impurities and promptly crumple impurity elimination and created condition.
Removal of impurities adopts the fiber kneader that banana bast fiber is crumpled impurity elimination.It is 200720309334.2 that present embodiment adopts the patent No., and the applying date is on December 21st, 2007, and denomination of invention is the patented technology of preliminary treatment decontamination equipment before coming unstuck.At first banana bast fiber is divided into every heavy 500 grams-600 grams, be layered on the input port of fiber kneader then equably, evenly banana bast fiber is sent into 14 in (upper and lower) fluted roll, the roller Pressure control is at 50kg-85kg, roller per minute reciprocating rotating speed 40 times/minute-60 times/minute.Banana bast fiber is crumpled in last bottom roll and is rolled, and acts on rubbing grinding pressure on the banana bast fiber by roller, 1. makes the fiber of banana bast obtain preliminary separation; 2. because the colloid of fiber all is attached to the top layer of fiber, after rolling by roller the colloid strand is interrupted, more help banana bast fiber and come unstuck; 3. because fiber rolls through too much reciprocal rubbing to the pressurization fluted roll, make fiber obtain softness; 4. removed a part of lignin, ash content, adipocere matter etc., made it this part from bast, to separate, become the organic matter waste residue and discharged by the dedusting trash discharging apparatus of fiber kneader.
The present invention is by after carrying out preliminary treatment to raw material and being sterilization, removal of impurities, guaranteed the effect that time step comes unstuck and carries out smoothly.
With pretreated banana bast fiber dress cage, hang in inoculation in the bacteria vat that has prepared bacterium liquid, fermentation then.The present invention is in step (2), described bacterial classification is that the patent No. is 95112564.8, the applying date is November 29 nineteen ninety-five, denomination of invention is the carrot soft rot Erwinia (Erwiniacarotovora of biological degumming of ramie technology and equipment patent disclosure, numbering: T85-260), this bacterial strain is submitted the common micro-organisms center preservation of BeiJing ZhongGuanCun China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms to November 12 nineteen ninety-five, is numbered CGMCC0245.The density of bacterium liquid bacterium is controlled at 10 in the bacteria vat
8Cfu/ml-10
9(present embodiment is 10 to cfu/ml
9Cfu/ml), fermentation temperature is controlled at 30 ℃-37 ℃ (present embodiment is 35 ℃), fermentation time 8 hours-12 hours (present embodiment is 8 hours), the bath raio of banana bast fiber and zymotic fluid 1: 10.
The biological degumming process is the process of breeding and the qualitative change of bacterium, and bacterium needs nutrition supply in reproductive process, and compositions such as the pectin in the banana bast, lignin, hemicellulose can replenish the nutrition of biological bacteria just.When the bacterium cultivation is bred to a certain degree with the time qualitative change will take place simultaneously, developing is enzyme.Enzyme can continue materials such as decompose pectin, lignin, hemicellulose.So biological degumming has substituted traditional chemical Degumming, owing to cancelled the boiling-off and the pickling procedure of chemical Degumming mesohigh highly basic, thereby guaranteed the intensity of fiber, reached materials such as the lignin removed in the fiber, pectin, hemicellulose again simultaneously.
To the banana bast fiber washing back deactivation boiling-off after inoculation, the fermentation.
The present invention for further removing the colloid in the banana bast fiber, sterilizes to bacterium residual on the banana bast fiber in step (3).Banana bast fiber after inoculation, the fermentation is at first used the hot wash of 80 ℃-90 ℃ (present embodiment is 85 ℃), when adding the caustic soda boiling-off, the concentration of caustic soda is controlled at 3 grams per liters-4 grams per liter (present embodiment is liquid caustic soda 4 grams per liters of concentration 30%), temperature is controlled at 90 ℃-95 ℃ (present embodiment is 95 ℃), boiling-off 20 minutes-30 minutes (present embodiment is 30 minutes).
For removing residual lignin in the fiber, improve the whiteness of fiber.Again after 80 ℃-90 ℃ (present embodiment is 85 ℃) hot washes, add hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen peroxide concentration is controlled at 1.0 grams per liters-1.2 grams per liter (present embodiment is hydrogen peroxide 1.0 grams per liters of concentration 27.5%), (stabilizing agent of hydrogen peroxide has sodium metasilicate to stabilizing agent 0.5 grams per liter-0.6 grams per liter, phytic acid, polyethylene polyamine polyalkylene phosphonate is stabilizer of hydrogen peroxide WPW-2, it is 0.5 grams per liter that present embodiment adopts stabilizer of hydrogen peroxide WPW-2), caustic soda 1 grams per liter-2 grams per liter (present embodiment is liquid caustic soda 1.0 grams per liters of concentration 30%), temperature is controlled at 90 ℃-95 ℃ (present embodiment is 90 ℃), boiling-off 20 minutes-30 minutes (present embodiment is 20 minutes).
The present invention beats when fine in step (4), and the banana bast fiber of present embodiment employing garden dish flax stamping device after to deactivation beaten fibre, i.e. a circle one beating technology of turning over is taked in the beating on one side of water flushing on one side.Beating fine purpose, mainly is that the fiber after the boiling-off is further opened fibre, and bundle fiber is decomposed into filament.
Carry out step (5) post processing after the beating, promptly oil-de-oiling-tremble fibre-oven dry five processes is washed-steeped to the banana bast fiber after the beating, aftertreatment technology is quoted the aftertreatment technology that ramee comes unstuck, and makes keen-witted and capable banana bast fiber, and the banana bast fiber row yielding reaches 50%.
The banana bast fiber that adopts said method to produce, its outward appearance softness, loose, the color and luster unanimity, tasteless, there is not obvious fault; Fibre length 80mm-200mm, fibre count 300N
m-500N
m, bundle fiber fracture strength 3.5g/D-5.0g/D, residual gum content 1.5%-3.2%, whiteness 30 degree-40 degree.
The quality of the keen-witted and capable banana fiber after banana bast fiber comes unstuck by above technology all reaches the requirement of the back operation quality of production, can carry out blending with fibers such as cotton, ramies.
Claims (6)
1. a banana bast fiber manufacture method is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
(1) preliminary treatment: to the sterilization of banana petiole bast fiber, removal of impurities;
(2) inoculation, fermentation: pretreated banana bast fiber dress cage, put into the bacteria vat inoculation, the fermentation that have prepared bacterium liquid then;
(3) deactivation: the banana bast fiber washing back deactivation boiling-off to after inoculation, the fermentation at first adds caustic soda, boiling-off 20 minutes-30 minutes; After washing, add hydrogen peroxide, boiling-off 20 minutes-30 minutes again;
(4) beat fine: beat fibre with beating the banana bast fiber of fine machine after to deactivation, i.e. the beating on one side of water flushing on one side takes one to enclose a beating technology of turning over;
(5) post processing.
2. banana bast fiber manufacture method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described post processing fine afterwards washes-steep oil-de-oiling-tremble fibre-oven dry to banana bast fiber for beating.
3. banana bast fiber manufacture method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that in step (1), and heating, drying, disinfection are adopted in sterilization, and temperature is controlled at 90 ℃-100 ℃, and moisture content is controlled at 4%-5%; Removal of impurities adopts the fiber kneader that banana bast fiber is crumpled impurity elimination.
4. banana bast fiber manufacture method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that in step (2), described bacterial classification is by the carrot soft rot Erwinia of China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center preservation (Erwinia carotovora, numbering: CGMCC0245); The density of bacterium liquid bacterium is controlled at 10 in the bacteria vat
8Cfu/ml-10
9Cfu/ml, fermentation temperature are controlled at 30 ℃-37 ℃, fermentation time 8 hours-12 hours, the bath raio of banana bast fiber and zymotic fluid 1: 10.
5. banana bast fiber manufacture method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that in step (3) banana bast fiber after inoculation, the fermentation is with 80 ℃ of-90 ℃ of hot washes, during the boiling-off of adding caustic soda, the concentration of caustic soda is controlled at 3 grams per liters-4 grams per liter, and temperature is controlled at 90 ℃-95 ℃; After 80 ℃ of-90 ℃ of hot washes, add the hydrogen peroxide boiling-off again, hydrogen peroxide concentration is controlled at 1.0 grams per liters-1.2 grams per liter, stabilizing agent 0.5 grams per liter-0.6 grams per liter, and caustic soda 1 grams per liter-2 grams per liter, temperature is controlled at 90 ℃-95 ℃.
6. the banana bast fiber produced of method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that its outward appearance softness, and is loose, and the color and luster unanimity is tasteless, does not have obvious fault; Fibre length 80mm-200mm, fibre count 300N
m-500N
m, bundle fiber fracture strength 3.5g/D-5.0g/D, residual gum content 1.5%-3.2%.
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| CN201010022015XA CN101736407B (en) | 2010-01-01 | 2010-01-01 | Banana bast fiber and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102631892A (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2012-08-15 | 黄继红 | Dye adsorbent made of banana peel |
| CN103194804A (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2013-07-10 | 江西恩达麻世纪科技股份有限公司 | Energy-saving environment-friendly biological degumming technology |
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| CN104357923A (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2015-02-18 | 何寒 | Method for preparing banana fiber by using banana stalks and banana leaves as raw materials |
| CN105088484A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-11-25 | 苏州华良化纤纺织有限公司 | Manufacturing technology of banana stalk mix cotton fiber cloth |
| CN105821487A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-08-03 | 中国热带农业科学院海口实验站 | Production method of banana stem fiber refined-dry ramie |
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| CN110725013A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-01-24 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | Degumming method for hemp/flax finished hemp and application |
| CN110747517A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-02-04 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | Degumming method for ramie |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102631892B (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2014-04-02 | 黄继红 | Dye adsorbent made of banana peel |
| CN102631892A (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2012-08-15 | 黄继红 | Dye adsorbent made of banana peel |
| CN103526304A (en) * | 2012-07-08 | 2014-01-22 | 湖南明星麻业股份有限公司 | Preparation method of bamboo shell fibers |
| CN103194804B (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2015-05-27 | 江西恩达麻世纪科技股份有限公司 | Energy-saving environment-friendly biological degumming technology |
| CN103194804A (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2013-07-10 | 江西恩达麻世纪科技股份有限公司 | Energy-saving environment-friendly biological degumming technology |
| CN104032450A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-09-10 | 赖禄波 | Method for manufacturing shell fabric with bananas being used as raw materials |
| CN104357923A (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2015-02-18 | 何寒 | Method for preparing banana fiber by using banana stalks and banana leaves as raw materials |
| CN105088484A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-11-25 | 苏州华良化纤纺织有限公司 | Manufacturing technology of banana stalk mix cotton fiber cloth |
| CN105821487A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-08-03 | 中国热带农业科学院海口实验站 | Production method of banana stem fiber refined-dry ramie |
| CN107142521A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-09-08 | 大庆天之草生物新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of automated operation system and method for biological refined Herbaceous Fiber |
| CN107142521B (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2023-01-31 | 黑龙江天之草种业科技有限公司 | Automatic operation system and method for biological refined herbaceous fibers |
| CN110029399A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2019-07-19 | 上海棉芙生物科技有限公司 | A kind of banana fiber, banana skin fiber extraction process and equipment |
| CN111778608A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2020-10-16 | 上海水星家用纺织品股份有限公司 | Preparation method of paper mulberry fiber fabric |
| CN110747517A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-02-04 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | Degumming method for ramie |
| CN110725013A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-01-24 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | Degumming method for hemp/flax finished hemp and application |
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