A kind of straw collecting and pulverizing device of maize harvesting machine
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of shredding mechanism with the harvesting crop, especially a kind of straw collecting and pulverizing device of the maize harvesting machine that the maize straw after the harvesting can be processed.
Background technology
Corn is one of staple crops of China, and its cultivated area is only second to paddy rice, mainly is distributed in the areas such as northeast, North China and northwest.Maize harvesting machine is because it has that the mechanical automation degree is high, easy to operate, strong adaptability, efficiency of crop advantages of higher, and extensively is subjected to the welcome of peasant household.Adopt maize harvesting machine that corn is carried out in the results process, its to harvesting after the processing of stalk also be an important technical problem.Existing Backpack-type maize harvester on the market, its processing to stalk is to adopt the hammer disk mill of body postposition to carry out break process, namely utilize the hammer pawl of the cracker that is arranged at rear tractor that maize straw is impacted fragmentation fast, realize straw-returning.But along with the rise of livestock breeding industry, maize straw can be used as a kind of very excellent green fodder at present, and processing and utilization will be reclaimed with maize straw in the corn planting family.Therefore adopting rearmounted hammer disk mill that stalk is processed, arbitrarily throw afterwards the problems such as loose, that soil-containing rate is high because of its stalk fragmentation, is to be unfavorable for planting the family maize straw is reclaimed and to utilize.Primary study and exploitation have been done for this reason by numerous agricultural machinery producer.For example: the application that is proposed by the applicant and authorize the Chinese utility model patent specification of disclosed CN2877247Y on March 14th, 2007 in a kind of " knapsack corn stem-fringe harvester " disclosed, it comprises harvesting-platform, fruit ear is carried gathering unit, crushed stalk retracting device and actuating unit, harvesting-platform comprises the forebay that is fixedly connected with tractor, several results bodies that the ceding of Taiwan fixed mount that connects with forebay and ceding of Taiwan fixed mount are provided with, wherein each results body comprises that the axis of a pair of fore-and-aft tilt is parallel, snapping bar and a pair of dialing-grain unit that rotates that driven by power-transmitting part that height is staggered and arranges, ceding of Taiwan fixed mount below dialing-grain unit is provided with by stationary knife, the straw cutter that moving knife forms, the straw cutter is realized reciprocal shearing motion by power-transmitting part, the crushed stalk retracting device comprises Straw cutting machine, auger conveyor and stalk throwing device, cutter mill respectively correspondence is arranged on the ceding of Taiwan fixed mount of snapping bar below, by the housing with feeding mouth and discharging opening, line shaft, the chopping moving knife, stationary knife forms, the upper feeding mouth placement direction of cutter mill housing is identical with placement direction and the corn stalk direction of motion of snapping bar, auger conveyor is installed on the ceding of Taiwan fixed mount of lower discharge port below of cutter mill housing, one end of auger conveyor is communicated with the stalk throwing device, and the discharging opening of spinner is corresponding with the trailer of following tractor.This maize harvesting machine to the processing of stalk adopt be pulverize first, mode that rear collection is reclaimed, be that maize straw is to pull down by rotating snapping bar to send, it becomes the feeding roller of cutter mill, sends in the cutter mill and shreds, by the auger conveyor lateral collection, reclaim through the throwing of stalk throwing device again.But above-mentioned disclosed maize harvesting machine, its cutter mill is one by one corresponding setting below snapping bar, along with increasing of harvest corn line number, the quantity of snapping bar, cutter mill is wanted corresponding increase, therefore can cause the weight increase of equipment and the rising of manufacturing cost, auger conveyor and stalk throwing device also are to be assemblied on ceding of Taiwan fixed mount tractor the place ahead, that connect with forebay simultaneously, thereby caused the centre offset of harvest equipment on tractor, the front-wheel of tractor is occured in running " fall in ground " phenomenon affects operation.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the harvest equipment centre offset on the tractor and the high deficiency of manufacturing cost in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of maize harvesting machine straw collecting and pulverizing device.Not only compact conformation rationally, simple installation, cost be low for this straw crushing and collecting device, and reliable, maize straw can be collected first, rear chopping reclaims.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of maize harvesting machine straw collecting and pulverizing device, comprise a straw cutter, a straw collecting device, a straw pulverizer, described straw cutter be mounted in snapping bar below, with the joining fixed mount front end of ceding of Taiwan fixed mount, formed by stationary knife, moving knife, and realize reciprocal shearing motion through power-transmitting part; Described straw collecting device is comprised of the rotation roll shaft that a cylindrical shell and with feeding mouth, discharging opening is rotatably supported on the housing, is fixed with spiral blade at the rotation roll shaft, rotates roll shaft and drives rotation by power-transmitting part; Described straw pulverizer is comprised of the moving knife roll shaft that a cylindrical shell and with feeding mouth and discharging opening is rotatably supported on the housing, periphery at the moving knife roll shaft is evenly equipped with moving knife, one stationary knife is installed on the tool fixing frame that is positioned at the feeding mouth place by fixture, described moving knife roll shaft is driven by drive disk assembly and rotates, it is characterized in that: the corresponding straw cutter of described straw collecting device is installed in the fixed mount rear end, described straw pulverizer is installed in the leading section of the forebay that is fixedly connected with engine, is provided with a stalk conveyer between the feeding mouth of the discharging opening of described straw collecting device and described straw pulverizer.
The described straw collecting device that is installed in the fixed mount rear end, it is fixed on the spiral blade that rotates on the roll shaft is symmetrical, in opposite directions setting, the corresponding housing discharging opening is fixed with some toothed plates on the rotation roll shaft periphery between two spiral blades.
Stalk conveyer between the feeding mouth of the described discharging opening that is arranged on the straw collecting device and straw pulverizer, it is that rigid attachment is on the fixed mount that straw cutter, straw collecting device are installed, this stalk conveyer is by forming with the housing of fixed mount rigid attachment and the conveying roller that level is installed between housing, described conveying roller comprises one group of toothed lower roll and the first top roll, and described lower roll, the first top roll are driven relatively to turn round by driving member and pinch stalk.
Stalk conveyer between the feeding mouth of the described discharging opening that is arranged on the straw collecting device and straw pulverizer, it comprises that also one group of level is installed in smooth roll once and toothed second top roll between the output housing, and described lower smooth roll drives relative revolution delivery stalk with toothed the second top roll by driving member.
Stalk conveyer between the feeding mouth of the described discharging opening that is arranged on the straw collecting device and straw pulverizer, it is being equipped with one with the tooth lower roll and also is being horizontally installed with a toothed intermediate calender rolls on the housing between the smooth roll once, this intermediate calender rolls and described band tooth lower roll, synchronized, the rotating in same direction of lower smooth roll, and be on the same transportation work face.
Stalk conveyer between the feeding mouth of the described discharging opening that is arranged on the straw collecting device and straw pulverizer, its toothed the first top roll and second top roll that is installed between housing can upper and lowerly float.
Discharging opening in described straw pulverizer also assembles a stalk throwing device, this stalk throwing device is installed in the forebay middle and upper part that is fixedly connected with engine, formed by a turning cylinder that is rotatably supported on the housing with the cylindrical shell and of feeding mouth, discharging opening, be fixed with the throwing impeller at turning cylinder, discharging opening assembling one at housing throws conduit, and turning cylinder is driven by drive disk assembly and rotates.
The present invention cuts off stalk, after the snapping bar harvesting, collect through the straw collecting device first by the straw cutter, and be transported in the straw pulverizer by the stalk conveyer afterwards and pulverize, or field or in accompanying vehicle, recycled by the throwing of stalk throwing device also.
The present invention's compactness rational in infrastructure, easy for installation, cost is low, and each performance element body is distributed in respectively on the engine, the engine gravity balance, reliable, applicability is strong.
Description of drawings
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural front view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that A among Fig. 1 is to zoomed-in view.
Fig. 3 is the cutaway view along B-B line among Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation after the stalk conveyer among Fig. 1 removes a side body.
Fig. 5 is the zoomed-in view of the stalk conveyer among Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is the rearview of Fig. 5.
1. snapping bars among the figure, 2. straw cutter, 201. stationary knifes, 202. moving knife, 3. straw collecting device, 301. cylindrical shells, 302. feeding mouths, 303. spiral blades, 304. discharging opening, 305. plates, 306. spiral blades, 307. rotate roll shaft, 4. fixed mount, 5. stalk conveyer, 501. housings, 502. band tooth top rolls, 503. band tooth lower roll, 504. intermediate calender rolls, 505. times smooth rolls, 506. band tooth top roll, 507. back-moving springs, 508. crank throw connecting plates, 509. connecting plate, 5010. back-moving springs, 5011. crank throw connecting plates, 5012. back-moving spring, 5013. crank throw connecting plates, 5014 back-moving springs, 5015 jackshafts, 6. straw pulverizer, 601. stationary knifes, 602. moving knife, 603. feeding mouths, 604. moving knife roll shafts, 605. cylindrical shell, 606. discharging openings, 607. bearing blocks, 7. forebay, 8. stalk throwing device, 801. throwing impellers, 802. turning cylinder, 803. cylindrical shells, 804. throw conduit, 9. ceding of Taiwan fixed mount, 10. groove, 11. grooves.
Embodiment
In Fig. 1, a kind of maize harvesting machine straw collecting and pulverizing device, comprise a straw cutter 2, this straw cutter 2 be mounted in snapping bar 1 below, with ceding of Taiwan fixed mount 9 joining fixed mount 4 front ends, formed by stationary knife 201, moving knife 202, and realize reciprocal shearing motion through power-transmitting part, the maize straw root can be cut off.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of maize harvesting machine straw collecting and pulverizing device also comprises a straw collecting device 3, and straw collecting device 3 corresponding straw cutters 2 are installed in fixed mount 4 rear ends by bearings.
As shown in Figure 2, straw collecting device 3 is that the rotation roll shaft 307 that a cylindrical shell 301 and is rotatably supported on this housing forms, be provided with a feeding mouth 302 and a discharging opening 304 on the cylindrical shell 301, at the spiral blade 303,306 that rotation roll shaft 307 is fixed with symmetry, arranges in opposite directions, corresponding housing discharging opening 304 evenly is fixed with 6 toothed plates 305 on rotation roll shaft 307 peripheries between two spiral blades 303,306.The maize straw that two spiral blades 303,306 rotations are collected runs to the middle part of two spiral blades, is pulled over by band tooth plate 305 and sends through housing discharging opening 304, realizes follow-up processing processing.
In Fig. 1, a kind of maize harvesting machine straw collecting and pulverizing device also comprises a straw pulverizer 6, and this straw pulverizer 6 is mounted in the leading section of the forebay 7 that is fixedly connected with engine.
Straw pulverizer 6 is comprised of the moving knife roll shaft 604 that a cylindrical shell 605 and is rotatably supported on the housing, is respectively arranged with a feeding mouth 603 and a discharging opening 606 at cylindrical shell 605.Being evenly equipped with moving knife 602, one stationary knifes 601 at the periphery of moving knife roll shaft 604 is installed on the tool fixing frame that is positioned at feeding mouth 603 places by fixture.
As shown in Figure 3, the moving knife roll shaft 604 of straw pulverizer 6 is installed on the forebay 7 through a bearing block 607.But relatively rotate on these bearing block 607 mmi machine framves 7.
The moving knife roll shaft 604 of straw pulverizer 6 can drive be rotated by drive disk assembly, makes between the stationary knife 601 at moving knife uniform on the moving knife roll shaft 604 602 and housing feeding mouth 603 places and produces shearing, will be transported to the corn straw smashing at feeding mouth 603 places.
In Fig. 1, between the feeding mouth 603 of the discharging opening of straw collecting device 3 and straw pulverizer 6, also be provided with a stalk conveyer 5.Stalk conveyer 5 is that rigid attachment is on fixed mount 4.
As shown in Figure 4, stalk conveyer 5 is by forming with the housing 501 of fixed mount 4 rigid attachment and the conveying roller that level is installed between housing, this conveying roller comprises one group of toothed lower roll 503 and toothed the first top roll 502, the toothed lower roll 503 of this group drives relative revolution with the first top roll 502 by driving member, and maize straw is carried in clamping.
In Fig. 4, conveying roller comprises that also one group of level is installed in smooth roll once 505 and toothed second top roll 506 between housing 501 outputs, and smooth roll 505 drives relative revolution, delivery maize straw with toothed the second top roll 506 by driving member under this group.
Among Fig. 4, between band tooth lower roll 503 and lower smooth roll 505, also be horizontally installed with a toothed intermediate calender rolls 504 on its housing 501.This intermediate calender rolls 504 and band tooth lower roll 503, lower smooth roll 505 synchronized, rotating in same directions, and be on the same transportation work face.Intermediate calender rolls 504 has played the effect of delivery maize straw.
Toothed the first top roll 502 and toothed the second top roll 506 that are installed between housing can upper and lowerly float.Such as Fig. 5, shown in Figure 6, toothed the first top roll 502 and toothed the second top roll 506 upper and lower floats and to be achieved in that on two housings 501 respectively corresponding having for toothed the first top roll 502 and toothed the second top roll 506 upper and lower unsteady grooves 10,11.Among Fig. 5, correspondence is equipped with back-moving spring 507,5010 respectively on a sidewall of housing 501, be positioned on the roll shaft of toothed the second top roll 506 of groove 10 respectively with connecting plate 508, an end of 509 and be actively coupled, the other end of connecting plate 509 is movably arranged on the roll shaft of toothed the first top roll 502, the roll shaft of toothed the first top roll 502 is positioned at groove 11, and back-moving spring 5010 is hooked on the middle part of connecting plate 509; Connecting plate 508 is connecting plates of a crank throw shape, and position, intermediate portion hinge is contained on the jackshaft 5015 that is assemblied in housing 501, and its crank end connects with back-moving spring 507 hooks.In Fig. 6, correspondence is equipped with back-moving spring 5012,5014 respectively on the sidewall of opposite side housing 501, be positioned on the roll shaft of toothed the second top roll 506 opposite sides of its groove 10 respectively with connecting plate 5011, an end of 5013 and be actively coupled, connecting plate 5011,5013 is respectively the connecting plate of a crank throw shape, the middle part of connecting plate 5011 is hinged on the jackshaft 5015, and its crank end connects with back-moving spring 5012 hooks; The middle part of connecting plate 5013 is movably arranged on the opposite side roll shaft of toothed the first top roll 502, and the roll shaft of this toothed the first top roll 502 is installed in the groove 11 of opposite side housing, and the crank end of connecting plate 5013 connects with back-moving spring 5014 hooks.
Such as Fig. 4, Fig. 5, shown in Figure 6, when the maize straw thickness is uneven, toothed the first top roll 502 that cooperates with toothed lower roll 503 and toothed the second top roll 506 that cooperates with lower smooth roll 505 are under the acting in conjunction of the back-moving spring that is positioned at the housing both sides and connecting plate, can upper and lowerly float, to guarantee the smooth delivery of power of maize straw.
In Fig. 1, a kind of maize harvesting machine straw collecting and pulverizing device, a stalk throwing device 8 is also assembled at discharging opening 606 places in straw pulverizer 6, this stalk throwing device 8 is installed on the middle and upper part support body of the forebay 7 that is fixedly connected with engine, formed by a turning cylinder 820 that is rotatably supported on the housing with cylindrical shell 803 and, be fixed with throwing impeller 801 at turning cylinder 802, throw conduit 804 in the discharging opening of housing assembling one.Turning cylinder 802 is driven by drive disk assembly and rotates, and the crushing straw that straw pulverizer is sent here sprays by throwing conduit with higher speed, and the crushing straw of ejection can be accepted and recovery by accompanying vehicle.
The present invention is when work, maize straw is cut off from its root by straw cutter 2, and by snapping bar 1 harvesting, maize straw after the harvesting is pushed to housing discharging opening 304 by straw collecting device 3 with it and sends, be transported in the straw pulverizer 6 by stalk conveyer 5 again and pulverize, realize straw-returning, perhaps thrown accompanying vehicle acceptance and recovery by stalk throwing device 8.