CN101718914A - Hollow metal cone guiding and laser focusing device - Google Patents
Hollow metal cone guiding and laser focusing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101718914A CN101718914A CN200910198766A CN200910198766A CN101718914A CN 101718914 A CN101718914 A CN 101718914A CN 200910198766 A CN200910198766 A CN 200910198766A CN 200910198766 A CN200910198766 A CN 200910198766A CN 101718914 A CN101718914 A CN 101718914A
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- metal cone
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Abstract
The invention relates to a hollow metal cone guiding and laser focusing device which comprises a laser for transmitting a laser beam and is characterized in that a light-gathering element and a hollow metal cone are sequentially arranged in the direction of the laser beam transmitted by the laser, the distance between the laser and the light-gathering element is equal to the focal length of the light-gathering element, and the distance between an incident port which is a large-diameter port of the hollow metal cone and the light-gathering element is equal to the focal length of the light-gathering element. Compared with the prior art, the device has the advantages of large focusing strength, small spot size, high damage threshold and wide range of applications.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ultra-intense laser and focus on, the equipment of particularly a kind of hollow metal cone guiding and laser focusing is applicable to fields such as optical storage, optical communication, optical microphotograph, material processed, medical surgery and diagnosis, particle acceleration and fast ignition.
Background technology
It is an important research project that regular tenacity laser or superpower ultra-short pulse laser are focused into minimum, intensity height locality laser beam.Spot size is little because the laser beam of this minimum intensity height locality has, intensity high concentration, accelerating gradient are big, good directionality, be coupled into characteristics such as other light-guide device efficient height, it be created in optical storage, optical communication, optical microphotograph, material processed, medical surgery and diagnosis, particle quickens and there is very tempting prospect in fields such as fast ignition.The method that is used for both at home and abroad producing the laser beam of this intensity height locality at present mainly contains convex lens focus and off axis paraboloidal mirror focusing etc., but these methods at most can only be laser focusing to the 6-8 micron, hot spot can't continue again little, and transmits after the very short distance because diffraction effect is dispersed very soon.
For further dwindling spot size, solve this short contradiction of high strength transmission range, need a kind of more effectively focus set and method.
Summary of the invention
The technology that the present invention will solve is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, and the equipment of a kind of hollow metal cone guiding and laser focusing is provided, the purpose that the focused spot size that reaches output is little, depth of focus is very long, directive property is good.
Technical solution of the present invention is:
The equipment of a kind of hollow metal cone guiding and laser focusing, the laser instrument that comprises emission of lasering beam, its characteristics are: set gradually collective optics and hollow metal cone on described laser instrument emitted laser Shu Fangxiang, distance between described laser instrument and the described collective optics equals the focal length of described collective optics, and the incident port of described hollow metal cone is the focal length that the distance between heavy caliber port and the described collective optics equals described collective optics.
Described collective optics is convex lens or parabolic mirror.
Described laser instrument is pulsed laser or continuous wave laser.
The principle of technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
Because the center of hollow metal cone is hollow, the awl wall material is metal materials such as silver or gold, electric field vector E in the case, the divergence of magnetic intensity vector H are zero, and we can express time humorous electromagnetic field in the hollow metal cone according to magnetic vector potential A, electric vector gesture F.Here, coordinate system selects spherical coordinate system to be undoubtedly best choice.Setting up of spherical coordinate system is as follows: the summit of cone is as the initial point of spherical coordinate system, and vertical axis of symmetry of cone is promptly represented the radial coordinate of spherical coordinate system as the pole axis of spherical coordinates with r, description be distance away from the cone summit, θ and
Represent polar angle and position angle in the spherical coordinate system respectively.K=2 π/λ is a wave number, and wherein, λ represents the wavelength of light wave in air dielectric.
Suppose that the field in the hollow metal cone is made up of two parts stack, a part is the transverse magnetic TM of relative radial coordinate, and another part is the transverse electric field TE of relative radial coordinate, so we can select A=u
rA
r, F=u
rF
rSince we consider be to the time humorous dependence, so in all expression formulas, omitted the exp (iwt) factor.According to the time humorous Theory of Electromagnetic Field, A
r, F
rBe separating of following form Hertz's function equation
Under spherical coordinate system, each field component of TE mould can be represented with Hertz's function:
E
r＝0
Each field component of TM mould can be write as:
H
r＝0
E in the formula
r, E
θ,
And H
r, H
θ,
Mean electric field E, the corresponding spherical coordinates r of magnetic field H respectively, θ,
Each field component.Hertz's function is used dependence radially
Represent h
l (1)(kr) be the spheric Bessel function on first kind non-integer l rank, what it was described physically is the capable ripple that transmits forward, h
l (2)(kr) be the spheric Bessel function on the second class non-integer l rank, what it was described physically is the capable ripple that reflects.Distribute can be with the association Legendre function P on m rank v time to the dependence of polar angle for each electromagnetic field in the hollow metal cone
v m(cos θ) expression.Azimuthal symmetry makes that the m that finds the solution is an integer, yet v is a non-integer, and it is by boundary condition n * E=0 decision.For the TE mould, make that according to boundary condition electric field is zero on the tangential direction of the formed interface of air and metal surface at cone center, promptly
Thus, will
Another expression-form that can get TE mould boundary condition in substitution (2) formula is:
In like manner, to the TM mould, boundary condition makes that electric field is zero on the tangential direction of the formed interface of the air at cone center and metal surface, promptly
E
r(θ
0)=0.Thus, will
E
r(θ
0Another expression-form that can get TM mould boundary condition in)=0 substitution (4) formula is:
Find the solution (7) formula and will obtain TM
MnThe a series of eigenvalue v of mould
MnFor symmetry number purpose m on the given position angle (m=0,1,2 ...), index n (n=1,2,3 ...) and the expression is corresponding n the root of (7) formula.Similarly, in (6) formula each to (m, value n) all determines a TE that may exist
MnMould.(6) and the eigenvalue v in (7) formula
MnSize depend on the semi-cone angle θ of hollow metal cone
0Value, v
MnAlong with θ
0Reducing of value and increasing.
Wherein, x, y, z and r, θ,
Between the pass be:
Advantage of the present invention is:
1, focus strength is big.The present invention not only can also focus on superpower ultra-short pulse laser the laser focusing of regular tenacity, and the laser intensity after the focusing can reach 10
22W/cm
2, distribution of light intensity can improve 20 times.
2, spot size is little.Existing focus method can focus optical beams to 6～8 microns, and the present invention can focus a laser beam into diameter and have only 1 micron size.
3, damage threshold height.Damage threshold is meant the damage threshold of optically focused to element, makes because hollow metal cone of the present invention is a metal, so have very high damage threshold.
4, applied range.The present invention uses hollow metal cone to guide and laser focusing, the reading and writing data and the data transmission that not only can be used for fields such as optical storage, optical communication, but also can in fields such as optical microphotograph, material processed, medical surgery and diagnosis, improve resolution and transmissivity, can also particle quicken and the fast ignition scheme in strengthen accelerated particle beam, improve accelerating gradient, improve the energy unicity of accelerated particle.
5, can be used for various pulsed lasers or continuous laser instrument.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is present device embodiment 1 a structural principle synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is present device embodiment 2 structural principle synoptic diagram;
Fig. 3 is that single beam laser impinges perpendicularly on Strength Changes synoptic diagram behind the hollow metal cone, and solid line represents that laser distributes at the Poynting vector of hollow metal cone inlet end, and the Poynting vector that dotted line is illustrated in the outer laser focusing of hollow metal cone outlet distributes;
Fig. 4 is that the multiple laser that is symmetrically distributed incides Strength Changes synoptic diagram behind the hollow metal cone, and solid line represents that laser distributes at the Poynting vector of hollow metal cone inlet end, and the Poynting vector that dotted line is illustrated in the outer laser focusing of hollow metal cone outlet distributes;
Fig. 5 is the transmission change synoptic diagram of hollow metal cone under the different cone angle;
Fig. 6 is the transmission spectrum of hollow metal cone.
Among the figure: 1-laser instrument 2-collective optics 3-hollow metal cone 4-convex lens 5-parabolic mirror
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, but should not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.
See also Fig. 1 earlier, Fig. 1 is present device embodiment 1 a structural principle synoptic diagram, the equipment of hollow metal cone guiding of the present invention and laser focusing, the laser instrument 1 that comprises emission of lasering beam, on described laser instrument 1 emitted laser Shu Fangxiang, set gradually collective optics 2 and hollow metal cone 3, distance between described laser instrument 1 and the described collective optics 2 equals the focal length of described collective optics 2, and the incident port of described hollow metal cone 3 is the focal length that the distance between heavy caliber port and the described collective optics 2 equals described collective optics 2.
Fig. 2 is present device embodiment 2 structural principle synoptic diagram, and the collective optics 2 among the embodiment 2 is parabolic mirrors 4.
The sharp size of identical awl, the hollow metal cone guiding of different cone angle is different with the situation of laser focusing, wherein the transmission change of hollow metal cone is seen Fig. 4 under the different cone angle.Identical hollow metal cone also can be different to the situation of the guiding of different optical wavelengths and focusing, and wherein hollow metal cone is seen Fig. 5 to the transmission change of different wave length laser.Collective optics 2 can carry out optically focused to laser, and collective optics 2 can adopt various ways, and relatively more commonly used is to adopt convex lens 3 and paraboloidal mirror 4.Optically focused to the laser of regular tenacity adopts convex lens, and the optically focused of superpower ultra-short pulse laser is adopted paraboloidal mirror.
The hollow metal cone of this equipment waits other metal materials to constitute by silver or gold, is processed into the hollow metal cone of specific cone angle and particular cone point size through operations such as fine turning lathe processing mandrel, electroplated metal layer, secondary clamping processing electroplated metal layer, corrosion mandrels.The laser instrument emitted laser laser beam that produce power is relatively concentrated behind collective optics, this light beam incides the reflection that is subjected to boring wall behind the heavy caliber end of hollow metal cone of specific angle of taper and particular cone point size, the light that both sides awl wall reflects interferes with the light along the transmission of hollow metal cone central shaft, interfere the cross direction profiles of the light field after superposeing to be subjected to boring the compression of wall, thereby make luminous energy further concentrate.Light field after the stack repeats such physical process in that transmission trunking forward is continuous, arrives the small-bore exit end of hollow metal cone until light, and laser is thus by hollow metal cone guiding and focusing.The intensity of laser focusing and spot size are by the cone angle and the sharp size decision of awl of hollow metal cone.
The enforcement concrete condition is as follows:
One of: YAG laser radiation cone angle 30 degree that use single Shu Bochang 1.06 μ m, bore the hollow metal cone that sharp diameter is 2.12 μ m, can obtain as shown in Figure 3 laser at hollow metal cone porch and laser through hollow metal cone guiding with focus on the back in the Strength Changes of boring focusing place of sharp outer light beam.
Two: YAG laser radiation cone angle 30 degree that use multi beam wavelength 1.06 μ m, bore the hollow metal cone that sharp diameter is 2.12 μ m, can obtain as shown in Figure 4 laser at hollow metal cone porch and laser through hollow metal cone guiding with focus on the back in the Strength Changes of boring focusing place of sharp outer light beam.
Experiment shows: the present invention has compared with prior art that focus strength is big, spot size is little, damage threshold is high, the advantage of applied range.
Claims (3)
1. the equipment of hollow metal cone guiding and laser focusing, the laser instrument (1) that comprises emission of lasering beam, it is characterized in that: on described laser instrument (1) emitted laser Shu Fangxiang, set gradually collective optics (2) and hollow metal cone (3), distance between described laser instrument (1) and the described collective optics (2) equals the focal length of described collective optics (2), and the incident port of described hollow metal cone (3) is the focal length that the distance between heavy caliber port and the described collective optics (2) equals described collective optics (2).
2. the equipment of hollow metal cone guiding according to claim 1 and laser focusing is characterized in that: described collective optics (2) is convex lens (4) or parabolic mirror (5).
3. the equipment of hollow metal cone guiding according to claim 1 and laser focusing is characterized in that: described laser instrument (1) is pulsed laser or continuous wave laser.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910198766A CN101718914A (en) | 2009-11-13 | 2009-11-13 | Hollow metal cone guiding and laser focusing device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910198766A CN101718914A (en) | 2009-11-13 | 2009-11-13 | Hollow metal cone guiding and laser focusing device |
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|---|---|
| CN101718914A true CN101718914A (en) | 2010-06-02 |
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| CN200910198766A Pending CN101718914A (en) | 2009-11-13 | 2009-11-13 | Hollow metal cone guiding and laser focusing device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108873322A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-11-23 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | A kind of Diode laser non-spherical reflector curved-surface structure determines method and system |
-
2009
- 2009-11-13 CN CN200910198766A patent/CN101718914A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108873322A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-11-23 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | A kind of Diode laser non-spherical reflector curved-surface structure determines method and system |
| CN108873322B (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2020-09-22 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Method and system for determining curved surface structure of long-focal-depth aspheric reflector |
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Open date: 20100602 |