CN101711300B - 钥匙和具有侧销的芯 - Google Patents
钥匙和具有侧销的芯 Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B19/00—Keys; Accessories therefor
- E05B19/0017—Key profiles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B17/00—Accessories in connection with locks
- E05B17/14—Closures or guards for keyholes
- E05B17/16—Closures or guards for keyholes shaped as pins or key bits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B27/00—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in
- E05B27/0032—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in with both axially and radially arranged tumbler pins or balls
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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- Y10T70/70—Operating mechanism
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- Y10T70/7486—Single key
- Y10T70/7508—Tumbler type
- Y10T70/7514—Sliding and rotary or swinging tumblers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T70/7661—Detachable or removable cylinder
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T70/7672—Cylinder
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T70/7684—Plug
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T70/7791—Keys
- Y10T70/7842—Single shank or stem
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T70/7881—Bitting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T70/7932—Anti-pick
- Y10T70/7944—Guard tumbler
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- Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
Abstract
揭示了一种锁芯(10)和钥匙毛坯(12)。本发明所揭示的锁芯(10)包括芯主体(26),芯套筒(28),芯柱(30),和包括侧销(34),区域销(36),和弹簧(38)的侧销装配件。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种锁。更具体地,本发明涉及一种用于锁的钥匙和锁芯。
背景技术
根据本发明,提供多个锁芯的实施例,以便于缩回或者延伸插锁(mortise lock)的弹簧锁销和/或拨销(deadbolt),释放挂锁的杆,或者各种锁的解锁,锁紧,释放或者其他移动。这样的锁的其他公开在Hickman等人的系列号No.60/610,639,名称为插锁(Mortise Lock)的美国专利申请中,Strong等人的系列号No.60/635,839,名称为锁芯的美国专利申请,Best等人的No.4,424,693,名称为钥匙-可移动的锁芯的美国专利,Foshee的No.4,836,001,名称为高安全性锁的美国专利,和Russell等人的,名称为电子标识锁芯的美国专利中被揭示,上述揭示通过引用被结合在本文中。Strong等人于2005年9月19日提交的系列号No.60/718,519,名称为“钥匙和芯”的在先美国临时专利申请和Strong等人于2006年9月19日提交的系列号No.60/845,647,名称为“钥匙和芯”的美国临时专利申请也通过引用被全部地结合在本文中。
发明内容
为了解锁这样的锁,用户将钥匙插入锁芯。锁芯包括一组销联动锁杆(pin tumblers)(未显示),以检验插入的钥匙的访问权限。如果钥匙包括适当的齿(bitting),锁芯的销联动锁杆在锁芯中适当地定位,以许可该锁的操作。钥匙齿和销联动锁杆的其他细节在No.4,424,693;No.4,836,001;No.5,136,869;和No.6,668,606的美国专利中提供,上述公开通过引用本清楚地结合在本文中。根据本发明,提供一种辅助系统以检验钥匙的访问权限。
附图说明
具体地,参照附图进行详细的说明,其中:
图1是锁芯的正视图,显示了锁芯包括面板和定位于面板后的芯柱;
图2是图1所示的锁芯的后方立体图,显示了定位于芯柱上方且在面板后方的芯主体;
图3是类似于图2的视图,显示了从锁芯去除以露出芯套筒的芯主体,该芯套筒与芯主体正常地定位;
图4是锁芯的后端的立体图,显示了耦接到芯柱的芯夹子及延伸通过芯柱中的槽的芯侧销的一部分;
图5是类似于图4的立体图;
图6是锁芯的后端的立体图,显示了芯侧销移动到开锁位置,该开锁位置芯侧销的爪定位在芯夹子的槽中;
图7是侧立面视图,显示了定位在芯夹子的槽中的芯侧销的爪;
图8是锁芯的后视图;
图9是类似于图8的视图;
图10是钥匙毛坯的立体图;
图11是另一个钥匙毛坯的立体图;
图12是带槽钥匙毛坯的立体图;
图13是钥匙毛坯、芯侧销、区域销、和弹簧的立体图;
图14是端视图,显示了图13的钥匙毛坯及芯侧销;
图15是芯侧销的立体图;
图16是图15的芯侧销的另一个立体图;
图17是朝向锁芯前方偏置芯侧销的弹簧的立体图;
图18是定位于芯柱内的区域销的立体图;
图19是锁芯的面板的立体图;
图20是芯柱的立体图;
图21是图20的芯柱的另一个立体图;
图22是另一个芯柱的立体图;
图23是图22的芯柱的另一个立体图;
图24是图22的芯柱的另一个立体图;
图25是图22的芯柱的侧立面视图;
图26是芯主体的立体图;
图27是芯套筒的立体图;且
图28是芯夹子的立体图。
具体实施方式
根据本发明,锁芯10被提供且包括销联动锁杆(未显示)和检验图10-12显示的钥匙毛坯12的访问权限的辅助系统。钥匙毛坯12包括弓形部分(bow)14,钥匙杆16,和在杆16中形成的凹陷或者槽18。凸肩(shoulder)20限定凹槽18的端部。凸肩20和槽18与锁芯10相互作用以使得锁能够操作。如果没有槽18的适当宽度的钥匙被插入锁芯10中,辅助系统将阻挡钥匙并且阻挡锁芯10的操作。
如图10所示,钥匙毛坯12是毛坯。在使用之前,应该了解的是杆16被磨,抛光,或者其被加工成包括齿,该齿与锁芯10的销联动锁杆配置匹配。杆16设置有包括纵向凹槽的轮廓,以匹配图1显示的钥匙孔22的轮廓。钥匙毛坯12可能也具有与其他钥匙孔的轮廓匹配的轮廓,诸如在之前参照的那些美国专利中显示的钥匙孔。
锁芯10包括“数字-8”形的面板24,“数字-8”形的芯主体26(如图2和26显示),芯套筒28(如图3和27显示),芯柱30,和芯夹子32。辅助系统包括侧销装配件,该侧销装配件包括侧销34,区域销36,和弹簧38。
为了装配件锁芯10,芯柱30的后端40通过面板24的前部42插入,直到芯柱30的凸肩44抵靠面板24。面板24在其前表面上可以设置有沉孔(counter bore)以接收柱的凸肩44,从而面板24的表面和芯柱30齐平。芯套筒28的前端48在芯柱30的后端40上方插入,直到前端48抵靠面板24。芯主体26的前端52然后插入芯套筒28的后端54上方,直到前端48抵靠面板24。芯主体26在前端52上包括螺杆(未显示),该螺杆定位于面板24上的对应凹陷53(如图3所示)内,以阻挡面板24和芯主体26之间的相对转动。
如图20-25所示,芯柱30的各种实施例包括通道56,通道56接收辅助系统的组件。通道56包括基本上圆柱形部分58,圆柱形部分58接收区域销36和一部分侧销34。
侧销34包括圆柱体部分59,臂61,和爪62,如图15和16所示。主体部分59包括中心轴63和包括中心轴65的臂61,中心轴65平行于主体部分59的中心轴63并且从中心轴63偏离。主体部分59的长度基本上等于臂61的长度。
通道56也包括槽60,槽60接收侧销34的爪62。在装配期间,区域销36被插入芯柱30的后端40中,从而进入通道56。在区域销36被定位在芯柱30中之后,侧销34被插入通道56中,以使得爪62沿着向后方向延伸,并且定位于通道56的槽60中。弹簧38在侧销34的弹簧座66上方定位于通道56中。芯夹子32然后定位于芯柱30的后部分64中的环形槽68中。芯夹子32耦接芯柱30和芯套筒28到芯主体26。另外,弹簧38推动侧销34远离芯夹子32。如图2和3所示,芯主体26,芯套筒28,和芯夹子32包括各自的槽70,72,74,这些槽与通道56的槽60对齐以接收侧销34的爪62。
为了操作锁芯10,认可的钥匙毛坯12被插入钥匙孔22中。假设认可的钥匙毛坯12具有适当的大小和定位的槽18和凸肩20,钥匙毛坯12能够完全地被插入钥匙孔22中。否则,区域销36和/或侧销34将与钥匙毛坯12干涉并且阻挡钥匙毛坯12完全插入钥匙孔22。如果钥匙毛坯12没有完全插入,钥匙毛坯12的齿将不会与适当的联动锁杆(未显示)对齐,并且不会允许芯柱30旋转以使得该锁解锁。
除了对齐联动锁杆,认可的钥匙毛坯12将侧销34从锁紧位置移动到开锁位置。当侧销34处于锁紧位置时,侧销34的爪62延伸通过芯主体26和芯套筒28的槽70、72,并且阻挡芯柱30相对于芯主体26的旋转。当侧销34处于开锁位置时,爪62向后移动进入芯夹子32的槽74,超出芯套筒28和芯主体26的后端,并且爪62不再阻挡芯柱30相对于芯套筒28和芯主体26的旋转。
在认可的钥匙毛坯12插入钥匙孔22期间,凸肩20接触区域销36。随着钥匙毛坯12进一步插入,区域销36沿着通道56滑动并且接触侧销34,并且推动侧销34抵靠弹簧38,直到侧销34处于开锁位置。假设钥匙毛坯12具有适当的齿,其将使得联动锁杆移动到适当的位置,以允许芯柱30的旋转。
如果类似于认可的钥匙毛坯12但没有槽18的钥匙被插入钥匙孔22中,区域销36和侧销34将与钥匙的完全插入相干涉。因为这样的钥匙没有完全地插入,即使这样的齿是正确的,这样的钥匙的将不会使得联动锁杆移动到适当的位置以允许芯柱30的旋转。
有时,类似于认可的钥匙毛坯12的钥匙具有正确的齿和槽18,但沿着钥匙在不正确的位置具有凸肩20,该钥匙可以被提供用于锁芯10。如果这样的具有太靠近弓形部分14的凸肩20的钥匙被插入锁芯10中,其不会移动区域销36和侧销34。因此,爪62不会移出槽70、72。如果具有离弓形部分14太远的凸肩20的钥匙被插入锁芯10中,区域销36和侧销34将阻挡该钥匙完全插入锁芯10,从而齿将不会与适当的联动锁杆对齐。
区域销36的长度和半径能够被改变,以提供用于匹配的锁芯和钥匙的其他变化。因此,为了钥匙能够正常地工作,通道56的圆柱形部分58应该具有适当的半径和深度,以匹配选择的区域销36的长度和半径。不管区域销36的长度或者半径,使用相同的侧销34。根据一个制造方法,通道56的圆柱形部分58具有用于具有不同长度的区域销的标准长度。因此,对于更短的区域销36,圆柱形部分58将具有额外的空闲的空间。对于更长的区域销36,圆柱形部分58将具有更少或者没有空闲的空间。根据一个实施例,没有提供区域销36且钥匙直接地接触侧销34。
在许多销售锁芯10的期间,一个或多个钥匙毛坯12被与锁芯10一起提供。为了操作特定的锁芯10,钥匙毛坯12应该被磨好以提供与特定的锁芯10的特定的联动锁杆构造相匹配的齿。钥匙毛坯12可以或者可以不包括适当的槽18或者凸肩20。
这些锁芯10和钥匙毛坯12的许可销售由要求本发明的所有者作出。在撰写本文本的时候,要求的本发明属于印地安那州,印第安纳波利斯的史丹利安全科技有限公司。要求的本发明的所有权可以变更且能够通过检查美国专利&商标局的让渡记录进行核实。
对于特定的锁芯10的其他用户,可以提供附加的钥匙毛坯12。因为有许多种钥匙毛坯,需要使得特定的钥匙毛坯与特定种类的锁芯相关联。方便这样的关联的一个方法是使得钥匙毛坯与特定的锁芯的牌号(trademark)相匹配。当前,与锁芯10关联的牌号是“MX8”。使得钥匙毛坯12与锁芯10相关联的一个方法是钥匙毛坯12的供应商指出钥匙毛坯12适合于与该“MX8”锁芯10使用。例如,供应商可能陈述“钥匙型号No.XXX适合于用于MX8锁芯”。表格或者其他的格式可以同时被用来表示钥匙毛坯型号和关联的锁芯。
为了便于购买这样的钥匙毛坯,供应商可以通过引用在宣传材料、目录、小册子、或者通过其他的本领域技术人员所熟知的宣传手段对相关性做广告,例如MX8。经常,钥匙毛坯12的供应商将宣传或者推销他们的特定的钥匙毛坯12适于或者能够操作锁芯10。响应于这样的广告,买方将请求钥匙毛坯12。响应于该请求,供应商将钥匙毛坯12出卖给买方,同时将买方使用钥匙毛坯12和锁芯10中的理解、意图、和/或认知提供给买方。
一些钥匙毛坯12的供应商可以被授权,例如那些根据本发明所有者的分销协议或者许可协议的供应商。其他的供应商可能不被授权,例如那些不在分销协议、许可协议下的供应商,否则将不被本发明的所有者认可。授权和未被授权的用于锁芯10的钥匙毛坯12的供应商可以包括例如五金店的零售商、锁匠、或者那些提供大量钥匙毛坯12到零售商、锁匠、或者别人的上游分销商。
除非另有说明,这里的图是成比例的。尽管已经参照较优实施例描述了本发明,在本发明的范围和精神内还存在有各种变化和修改。
Claims (12)
1.一种锁芯和钥匙的组合,其特征在于,包括:
锁芯,该锁芯包括:
套筒,该套筒限定出内部区域和爪接收槽,
芯柱,该芯柱定位于所述套筒的内部区域中,允许所述芯柱相对于所述套筒旋转运动,所述芯柱限定出纵向延伸的钥匙孔和侧销装配件通道,该侧销装配件通道位于邻近所述钥匙孔的位置处,和
侧销装配件,该侧销装配件包括侧销和纵向邻近于所述侧销的独立的区域销,所述侧销装配件定位于所述侧销装配件通道中以沿着长度方向在第一位置和第二位置之间移动,所述第一位置阻挡所述芯柱相对于所述套筒的移动,所述第二位置允许所述芯柱相对于所述套筒的移动,所述区域销的至少一部分定位于所述钥匙孔中,所述侧销包括爪,当所述侧销装配件处于所述第一位置时,所述爪基本上定位于所述套筒的爪接收槽中,在所述侧销装配件处于所述第二位置时,所述爪基本上定位于所述爪接收槽之外,和
钥匙,该钥匙包括
弓形部分,和
钥匙杆,该钥匙杆连接到所述弓形部分,所述钥匙杆包括对应于所述钥匙孔轮廓的轮廓、对应于所述区域销外部轮廓的纵向延伸的凹槽和当所述钥匙杆插入所述钥匙孔时接触所述区域销以推动所述侧销使所述侧销的爪大致离开所述套筒的爪接收槽的凸肩;并且
所述侧销进一步包括大致为圆柱形的主体部分和从所述主体部分向后延伸的臂,且所述爪从所述侧销的臂横向延伸;并且
所述侧销的圆柱形主体部分具有中心轴,所述侧销的臂也具有中心轴,所述侧销的臂的中心轴平行且偏离于所述侧销的圆柱形主体部分的中心轴。
2.如权利要求1所述的锁芯和钥匙的组合,其特征在于,所述侧销的臂的长度与所述侧销的圆柱形主体部分的长度大致相等。
3.如权利要求2所述的锁芯和钥匙的组合,其特征在于,所述芯柱包括槽,且所述侧销的臂定位于所述芯柱的槽中。
4.如权利要求3所述的锁芯和钥匙的组合,其特征在于,进一步包含弹簧和定位于所述芯柱的环形槽中的芯夹子,所述芯夹子包括当所述侧销装配件处于所述第二位置时接收所述侧销装配件的侧销的爪的槽,所述侧销包括支柱,所述弹簧定位于所述支柱上方且接触所述芯夹子以朝向所述钥匙孔的开口推动所述侧销。
5.如权利要求1所述的锁芯和钥匙的组合,其特征在于,进一步包含定位于所述侧销外侧的弹簧,以推动所述侧销的爪进入所述套筒的爪接收槽。
6.如权利要求1所述的锁芯和钥匙的组合,其特征在于,当所述钥匙从所述钥匙孔移除时,所述区域销与所述侧销分离开。
7.一种使用钥匙的锁芯,其特征在于,所述锁芯包括:
套筒,该套筒限定内部区域和爪接收槽,
芯柱,该芯柱定位于所述套筒的内部区域中以允许芯柱相对于套筒侧销旋转运动,所述芯柱限定纵向延伸的钥匙孔和侧销装配件通道,该侧销装配件通道位于邻近所述钥匙孔的位置处,和
侧销装配件,该侧销装配件包括侧销和定位在邻近所述侧销的区域销,所述侧销装配件定位于侧销装配件通道中以沿着长度方向在第一位置和第二位置之间旋转运动,所述第一位置阻挡所述芯柱相对于所述套筒的旋转运动,所述第二位置允许所述芯柱相对于所述套筒的旋转运动,至少一部分所述区域销定位于所述钥匙孔中,所述侧销包括主体部分、连接到所述主体部分的臂、和连接到所述臂的爪,当所述侧销装配件处于所述第一位置时,所述爪大致上位于所述套筒的爪接收槽中,当所述侧销装配件处于所述第二位置时,所述爪大致上位于所述套筒的所述爪接收槽之外;并且
所述侧销的所述主体部分大致上为圆柱形;并且
所述侧销的所述圆柱形主体部分具有中心轴,所述侧销的臂具有中心轴,所述侧销的臂的中心轴平行所述侧销的圆柱形主体部分的中心轴,且从所述侧销的圆柱形主体部分的中心轴偏离。
8.如权利要求7所述的锁芯,其特征在于,所述侧销的臂的长度大致上等于所述侧销的所述圆柱形主体部分的长度。
9.如权利要求8所述的锁芯,其特征在于,所述芯柱包括槽,且所述侧销的臂位于所述芯柱的槽中。
10.如权利要求9所述的锁芯,其特征在于,进一步包含弹簧和定位于所述芯柱的环形槽中的芯夹子,所述芯夹子包括当所述侧销装配件处于所述第二位置时接收所述侧销装配件的侧销的爪的槽,所述侧销包括支柱,所述弹簧定位于所述支柱上方并且接触所述芯夹子以朝向所述钥匙孔的开口推动所述侧销。
11.如权利要求7所述的锁芯,其特征在于,进一步包含定位于所述侧销外侧的弹簧,以推动所述侧销的爪进入所述套筒的爪接收槽。
12.如权利要求7所述的锁芯,其特征在于,当所述钥匙从所述钥匙孔移除时,所述区域销与所述侧销分离开。
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WO2008133696A1 (en) | 2008-11-06 |
US8065897B2 (en) | 2011-11-29 |
CA2685719C (en) | 2011-05-17 |
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US20100031716A1 (en) | 2010-02-11 |
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