CN101706476B - Electromagnetic ultrasonic automatic flaw detection method for plates and device thereof - Google Patents
Electromagnetic ultrasonic automatic flaw detection method for plates and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101706476B CN101706476B CN2009100731913A CN200910073191A CN101706476B CN 101706476 B CN101706476 B CN 101706476B CN 2009100731913 A CN2009100731913 A CN 2009100731913A CN 200910073191 A CN200910073191 A CN 200910073191A CN 101706476 B CN101706476 B CN 101706476B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ultrasonic detection technique, in particular to an electromagnetic ultrasonic automatic flaw detection method for plates and a device thereof. In the invention, vertical incident waves are used for flaw detection and can detect plates with larger thickness. An electromagnetic ultrasonic flaw detection probe which is used by the invention uses a pulse electromagnet to provide a magnetic field, has the characteristic of short duration time of the magnetic field, and can efficiently detect ferromagnetic plates and nonferromagnetic plates. The invention combines the echo waves of a bottom surface and flaws, thereby reducing the detection blind area, and not only achieving higher sensitivity to the flaws but also accurately positioning the flaws. The invention uses the electromagnetic ultrasonic technique as a core and has no need of an acoustic coupling agent and no need of pretreatment on the surface of a test piece in the detection process, thus the invention can be used for on-line detection on plates in various severe environments (such as high temperature or high speed) and has stronger environmental suitability and higher detection efficiency.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to ultrasonic detection technology, is exactly a kind of electromagnetic ultrasonic automatic flaw detection method for plates and device thereof specifically.
(2) background technology
Along with projects such as manned space flight, lunar exploration engineering, homemade big aircraft, aircraft carrier, high-speed railway carry out smoothly and day by day ripe, China's sheet metal demand increases sharply.Yet because the processing technology restriction, there are defectives such as layering, slag inclusion, crackle and oxide film in process of production inevitably in sheet metal.As the necessary link of control product quality, must in time reject the defect ware that exceeds standard by Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement in the production.In numerous Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurements, Ultrasonic Detection with its cheap cost, widely sensing range, relatively advantage such as higher detection precision has obtained widespread usage.
At present, the main both at home and abroad Non-Destructive Testing of adopting traditional piezoelectric supersonic technology to finish sheet metal.When using this technology for detection, successfully be delivered in the sheet metal, need clean the surface usually, pre-service such as polishing, and require to be full of between transducer and sheet material pure couplant (as oil, water etc.) by transducer in order to guarantee ultrasonic energy.This kind equipment need carry out pre-service and rely on couplant the surface, so labour intensity is big, detection efficiency is low.
The electromagnetic acoustic technology is risen in twentieth century six the seventies, has progressively obtained widespread use at present abroad.In recent years, also begin to adopt the electromagnetic acoustic technology that sheet metal is detected a flaw in domestic some patents of invention.Adopt the Lamb ripple that the steel plate below the 18mm is detected a flaw as Chinese patent CN1051086A " automatic defect detection technology using electromagnetic ultrasonic ".Because Lamb ripple excitated difficulty in thick steel sheet is bigger, thus this inspection technique can only centering, the thin plate flaw detection, can't satisfy the requirement of higher wall thickness sheet material flaw detection.In addition, the Lamb ripple has Dispersion, under any given stimulating frequency, may there be various modes, and frequency dispersion also can take place during through end face or defective and produce the ultrasound wave of various modes in the sound wave of same pattern, the Lamb ripple is detected become comparatively complicated, the practicality of device is restricted.Chinese patent CN1063848C " on-line automatic electromagnetic supersonic flaw detecting system of hot steel plate " adopts the electromagnet of ribbon core for the flaw detection coil provides magnetic field, forms two flaw detection districts, and the steel plate below the 40mm is carried out online detection.Because the existence of iron core, the magnetic field duration that electromagnet provides is longer, has influenced the efficient of flaw detection.The existence in two flaw detection districts of each probe also is unfavorable for the location of defective.
(3) summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind of the sheet metal of thickness below 100mm carried out comprehensive fast detecting, accurately detects the electromagnetic ultrasonic automatic flaw detection method for plates and the device thereof of various types of defects.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: described electromagnetic acoustic sheet material automatic flaw detection device, it is made up of transmitter, scanning system, receiver, data acquisition system (DAS) and echoed signal disposal system, transmitter connects the scanning system, the scanning system connects receiver, receiver connects data acquisition system (DAS), data acquisition system (DAS) connects the echoed signal disposal system, and the echoed signal disposal system connects scanning system and data acquisition system (DAS) respectively.
The present invention also has following technical characterictic:
(1) described transmitter comprises mission controller, driving circuit, booster circuit and power amplification circuit, and mission controller connects driving circuit and booster circuit respectively, and power amplification circuit connects booster circuit and driving circuit respectively.
(2) described scanner comprises positioning system, microcontroller, step motor, steering wheel, car body, stationary installation and electromagnetic ultrasonic probe, positioning system connects microcontroller, microcontroller connects step motor and steering wheel respectively, step motor, steering wheel connect car body, car body is connected and fixed device, and stationary installation connects electromagnetic ultrasonic probe.
(3) described electromagnetic ultrasonic probe comprises impulse mgnet, double-spiral coil and protective seam, and impulse mgnet connects double-spiral coil, and double-spiral coil connects protective seam, and electromagnetic ultrasonic probe is transmitting-receiving integrated probe, and impulse mgnet does not comprise iron core.
(4) described receiver comprises reception analog switch, analog filter, high-gain low-noise amplifier and level-conversion circuit, receive analog switch and connect analog filter, analog filter connects high-gain low-noise amplifier, and high-gain low-noise amplifier connects level-conversion circuit.
(5) described echoed signal disposal system comprises echoed signal processing module, microcontroller, storage unit and liquid crystal, the echoed signal processing module connects microcontroller, microcontroller connects storage unit and liquid crystal respectively, and the echoed signal processing module adopts FPGA to realize.
A kind of electromagnetic ultrasonic automatic flaw detection method for plates of the present invention, job step is as follows:
Step 1: system's energising initialization;
Step 2: it is the high-intensity magnetic field of 200 μ s that the impulse mgnet of transmitting-receiving integrated electromagnetic ultrasonic probe inside produces the duration; The reception analog switch cuts out;
Step 3: the high-power ultrasonics drive signal that transmitter produces is added on the double helix flaw detection coil, excites the vertical incidence bulk wave in sheet material to be measured, and the emission repetition period is 10ms;
Step 4: ultrasound wave is propagated in sheet material to be measured, runs into that defective can reflect, scattering etc., opens the reception analog switch, and the transceiver probe receives the reflection wave signal of defective and bottom surface;
Step 5: the reflection wave signal after the high-speed AD of data acquisition system (DAS) will be nursed one's health collects among the FPGA;
Step 6: the digital signal processing module of FPGA inside utilizes the reflection wave of defective and bottom surface comprehensively to judge having or not of defective and size, if judged result is a then operating procedure seven of "Yes", if judged result is a then operating procedure eight of "No";
Step 7: microcontroller deposits the size of defective and position in the storage unit and on liquid crystal in and shows;
Step 8: scanning equipment at the uniform velocity travels forward on sheet material to be measured;
Step 9: when scanning equipment runs to the edge of sheet material to be measured, horizontal mobile 2cm, the step 2 that reruns is to step 8;
Step 10: after scanning equipment finished sheet material detection to be measured, liquid crystal illustrated the defect distribution situation on the entire plate material.
Electromagnetic ultrasonic automatic flaw detection method for plates of the present invention and device thereof, with the electromagnetic acoustic technology is core, need not acoustic couplant during detection, need not pre-service is carried out on the test specimen surface, therefore can under various rugged surroundings (as high temperature, at a high speed), carry out online detection to sheet material, environmental suitability is stronger, and detection efficiency is higher.Adopt the vertical incidence bulk wave to detect a flaw, can the sheet material of big thickness be detected.Electromagnetic supersonic flaw detecting of the present invention probe adopts impulse mgnet that magnetic field is provided, and has short characteristics of magnetic field duration, can carry out efficient detection to the sheet material of ferromagnetism and nonferromagnetic.The present invention combines the echo of bottom surface and defective, has reduced the detection blind area, not only defective is had higher sensitivity, but also can accurately locate defective, so the testing result degree of confidence is higher.Employing is carried out online treatment to received signal based on the digital signal processing module of FPGA, has higher detection precision and real-time.It is wider to detect the sheet material wall thickness range, reaches as high as 100mm, has satisfied the requirement that heavy wall sheet material detects.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a general structure block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is an emitter structures block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a scanner structured flowchart of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the transmitting-receiving integrated electromagnetic ultrasonic probe structured flowchart of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a receiver architecture block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is an echoed signal disposal system theory diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 7 detects theory diagram for the present invention;
Fig. 8 is a scanning of the present invention path synoptic diagram.
(5) embodiment
The invention will be further described for example below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The present invention also has following technical characterictic:
Described transmitter (1) comprises mission controller (6), driving circuit (7), booster circuit (8) and power amplification circuit (9), mission controller (6) connects driving circuit (7) and booster circuit (8) respectively, and power amplification circuit (9) connects booster circuit (8) and driving circuit (7) respectively.
Described scanner (2) comprises positioning system (10), microcontroller (11), step motor (12), steering wheel (13), car body (14), stationary installation (15) and electromagnetic ultrasonic probe (16), positioning system (10) connects microcontroller (11), microcontroller (11) connects step motor (12) and steering wheel (13) respectively, step motor (12), steering wheel (13) connect car body (14), car body (14) is connected and fixed device (15), and stationary installation (15) connects electromagnetic ultrasonic probe (16).
Described electromagnetic ultrasonic probe (16) comprises impulse mgnet (17); double-spiral coil (18) and protective seam (19); impulse mgnet (17) connects double-spiral coil (18); double-spiral coil (18) connects protective seam (19); electromagnetic ultrasonic probe (16) is transmitting-receiving integrated probe, and impulse mgnet (17) does not comprise iron core.
Described receiver (3) comprises reception analog switch (20), analog filter (21), high-gain low-noise amplifier (22) and level-conversion circuit (23), receive analog switch (20) and connect analog filter (21), analog filter (21) connects high-gain low-noise amplifier (22), and high-gain low-noise amplifier (22) connects level-conversion circuit (23).
Described echoed signal disposal system (5) comprises echoed signal processing module (24), microcontroller (25), storage unit (26) and liquid crystal (27), echoed signal processing module (24) connects microcontroller (25), microcontroller (25) connects storage unit (26) liquid crystal (27) respectively, and the echoed signal processing module adopts FPGA to realize.
A kind of electromagnetic ultrasonic automatic flaw detection method for plates of the present invention, job step is as follows:
Step 1: system's energising initialization;
Step 2: it is the high-intensity magnetic field of 200 μ s that the impulse mgnet of transmitting-receiving integrated electromagnetic ultrasonic probe inside produces the duration; The reception analog switch cuts out;
Step 3: the high-power ultrasonics drive signal that transmitter produces is added on the double helix flaw detection coil, excites the vertical incidence bulk wave in sheet material to be measured, and the emission repetition period is 10ms;
Step 4: ultrasound wave is propagated in sheet material to be measured, runs into that defective can reflect, scattering etc., opens the reception analog switch, and the transceiver probe receives the reflection wave signal of defective and bottom surface;
Step 5: the reflection wave signal after the high-speed AD of data acquisition system (DAS) will be nursed one's health collects among the FPGA;
Step 6: the digital signal processing module of FPGA inside utilizes the reflection wave of defective and bottom surface comprehensively to judge having or not of defective and size, if judged result is a then operating procedure seven of "Yes", if judged result is a then operating procedure eight of "No";
Step 7: microcontroller deposits the size of defective and position in the storage unit and on liquid crystal in and shows;
Step 8: scanning equipment at the uniform velocity travels forward on sheet material to be measured;
Step 9: when scanning equipment runs to the edge of sheet material to be measured, horizontal mobile 2cm, the step 2 that reruns is to step 8;
Step 10: after scanning equipment finished sheet material detection to be measured, liquid crystal illustrated the defect distribution situation on the entire plate material.
Claims (2)
1. electromagnetic acoustic sheet material automatic flaw detection device, it is made up of transmitter (1), scanning system (2), receiver (3), data acquisition system (DAS) (4) and echoed signal disposal system (5), it is characterized in that: transmitter (1) connects scanning system (2), scanning system (2) connects receiver (3), receiver (3) connects data acquisition system (DAS) (4), data acquisition system (DAS) (4) connects echoed signal disposal system (5), and echoed signal disposal system (5) connects scanning system (2) and data acquisition system (DAS) (4) respectively; Described transmitter (1) comprises mission controller (6), driving circuit (7), booster circuit (8) and power amplification circuit (9), mission controller (6) connects driving circuit (7) and booster circuit (8) respectively, and power amplification circuit (9) connects booster circuit (8) and driving circuit (7) respectively; Described scanning system (2) comprises positioning system (10), microcontroller (11), step motor (12), steering wheel (13), car body (14), stationary installation (15) and electromagnetic ultrasonic probe (16), positioning system (10) connects microcontroller (11), microcontroller (11) connects step motor (12) and steering wheel (13) respectively, step motor (12) is connected car body (14) with steering wheel (13), car body (14) is connected and fixed device (15), and stationary installation (15) connects electromagnetic ultrasonic probe (16); Described electromagnetic ultrasonic probe (16) comprises impulse mgnet (17), double-spiral coil (18) and protective seam (19), impulse mgnet (17) connects double-spiral coil (18), double-spiral coil (18) connects protective seam (19), electromagnetic ultrasonic probe (16) is transmitting-receiving integrated probe, and impulse mgnet (17) does not comprise iron core; Described receiver (3) comprises reception analog switch (20), analog filter (21), high-gain low-noise amplifier (22) and level-conversion circuit (23), receive analog switch (20) and connect analog filter (21), analog filter (21) connects high-gain low-noise amplifier (22), and high-gain low-noise amplifier (22) connects level-conversion circuit (23); Described echoed signal disposal system (5) comprises echoed signal processing module (24), microcontroller (25), storage unit (26) and liquid crystal (27), echoed signal processing module (24) connects microcontroller (25), microcontroller (25) connects storage unit (26) and liquid crystal (27) respectively, and the echoed signal processing module adopts FPGA to realize.
2. automatic flaw detection method for plates that uses the described electromagnetic acoustic sheet material of claim 1 automatic flaw detection device to carry out, job step is as follows:
Step 1: system's energising initialization;
Step 2: it is the high-intensity magnetic field of 200 μ s that the impulse mgnet of transmitting-receiving integrated electromagnetic ultrasonic probe inside produces the duration; The reception analog switch cuts out;
Step 3: the high-power ultrasonics drive signal that transmitter produces is added on the double helix flaw detection coil, excites the vertical incidence bulk wave in sheet material to be measured, and the emission repetition period is 10ms;
Step 4: ultrasound wave is propagated in sheet material to be measured, runs into that defective can reflect, scattering, opens the reception analog switch, and the transceiver probe receives the reflection wave signal of defective and bottom surface;
Step 5: the reflection wave signal after the high-speed AD of data acquisition system (DAS) will be nursed one's health collects among the FPGA;
Step 6: the digital signal processing module of FPGA inside utilizes the reflection wave of defective and bottom surface comprehensively to judge having or not of defective and size, if judged result is a then operating procedure seven of "Yes", if judged result is a then operating procedure eight of "No";
Step 7: microcontroller deposits the size of defective and position in the storage unit and on liquid crystal in and shows;
Step 8: the scanning system at the uniform velocity travels forward on sheet material to be measured;
Step 9: when the scanning system runs to the edge of sheet material to be measured, horizontal mobile 2cm, the step 2 that reruns is to step 8;
Step 10: after the scanning system finished sheet material detection to be measured, liquid crystal illustrated the defect distribution situation on the entire plate material.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009100731913A CN101706476B (en) | 2009-11-12 | 2009-11-12 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic automatic flaw detection method for plates and device thereof |
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| CN2009100731913A CN101706476B (en) | 2009-11-12 | 2009-11-12 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic automatic flaw detection method for plates and device thereof |
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| US10175200B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2019-01-08 | Prime Photonics, Lc | Methods and systems for detecting nonuniformities in a material, component, or structure |
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| CN102608220B (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2013-08-21 | 北京工业大学 | Multi-basic frequency combined SH0 model electromagnetic acoustic transducer |
| CN103076396A (en) * | 2012-11-11 | 2013-05-01 | 国家电网公司 | Electric power steel member ultrasonic detection apparatus |
| CN103308607B (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2015-11-04 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of ultrasonic signal acquisition system of high speed |
| CN103353480A (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2013-10-16 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Automatic ultrasonic flaw detection method and device for locomotive wheel shaft |
| CN103604866B (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2016-05-18 | 广西南南铝加工有限公司 | Immersion type ultrasonic equipment plate defect labelling apparatus and marking method |
| CN105277618A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-27 | 成都标建铝业有限公司 | High-precision aluminum alloy plate crack detecting device |
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| CN105353034A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-02-24 | 成都标建铝业有限公司 | Rapid flaw detection apparatus of aluminum alloy plate |
| GB2572215A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2019-09-25 | Short Brothers Ltd | Detection of kiss bonds within composite components |
| CN109030630B (en) * | 2018-07-15 | 2020-12-25 | 东北石油大学 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic non-contact automatic detector for welding seam of storage tank bottom plate |
| CN110927260A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-27 | 爱德森（厦门）电子有限公司 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic sorting method for metal materials |
| CN114324576B (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2023-04-14 | 武汉中誉鼎力智能科技有限公司 | Method and device for detecting dark cracks of metal plate stamping part |
| CN113325087A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-08-31 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic detection method for non-delamination defect and surface defect of plate |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10175200B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2019-01-08 | Prime Photonics, Lc | Methods and systems for detecting nonuniformities in a material, component, or structure |
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